Automatic connecting and disconnecting mechanism

Abstract

An automatic connecting and disconnecting mechanism comprises a traction base part and a traction bolt, the traction base part comprises a traction base plate and a traction bolt, the traction base plate comprises an upper traction base and a lower traction base which are opposite to each other, and the upper traction base and the lower traction base are both fixed to the traction base plate and are separated by a distance in the vertical direction; the traction bolt extends in the vertical direction to penetrate through the traction upper base and is configured to move in the vertical direction relative to the traction base, the automatic connecting and disconnecting mechanism further comprises a lap joint mechanism, the lap joint mechanism is provided with a lap joint component located below the traction lower base, and the lap joint component is configured to move in the vertical direction relative to the traction base. The automatic connecting and disconnecting mechanism can execute connecting and disconnecting in a manned or unmanned scene, and can act at a low horizontal position without moving the whole automatic connecting and disconnecting mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of freight electric machinery used in ports or freight distribution centers, and in particular to an automatic coupling and uncoupling mechanism used in freight vehicles. Background Art

[0002] In industrial scenarios such as airports, seaports, land ports, industrial parks and logistics centers, the goods delivered to the site need to be moved from one specific area to another specific area in order to deliver the goods out of the site or stack them in place. Usually, the goods are stacked in transportation equipment such as pallets or shelves, so freight vehicles such as logistics vehicles and tractors are often used to connect the transportation equipment with goods, transport them to a specific location and then detach them for subsequent cargo transportation or processing. With the increasing degree of production automation, the demand for manned or unmanned freight vehicles is increasing. By increasing the degree of automation, cost reduction and efficiency improvement can be achieved.

[0003] The process of freight vehicles transporting goods mainly includes hooking, driving, and unhooking. The current mainstream site transportation has realized automatic driving, and the hooking and unhooking operations are still mainly performed manually. This makes the degree of automation of site transportation still limited, and it is impossible to effectively reduce labor costs and improve work efficiency. In addition, when it is necessary to hook up cargo transportation equipment at a lower level, the entire hooking and unhooking equipment needs to be moved, which is complicated to operate and has a high failure rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems and defects in the prior art, an improved automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism is proposed.

[0005] According to the present invention, an automatic hook-and-unhooking mechanism is proposed, comprising: a traction base, the traction base comprising a traction base plate and a traction bolt, the traction base plate comprising a traction upper base plate and a traction lower base plate opposite to each other, the traction upper base plate and the traction lower base plate are both fixed to the traction base plate and are separated by a distance in the vertical direction, the traction bolt extends through the traction upper base plate in the vertical direction and is configured to move in the vertical direction relative to the traction base, wherein the automatic hook-and-unhooking mechanism also comprises a lap joint mechanism, the lap joint mechanism has a lap joint member located below the traction lower base, and wherein the lap joint member is configured to move in the vertical direction relative to the traction base.

[0006] With this arrangement, the traction base is fixed at a specific height, and the overlapping mechanism is designed to be movable relative to the traction base so that the matching overlapping device at a lower level can be picked up without moving the entire automatic connecting and disconnecting mechanism, thereby avoiding the redundancy and complexity of the overall movement of the automatic connecting and disconnecting mechanism, and helping to improve the reliability of the mechanism.

[0007] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the overlap mechanism further includes a displacement member, which extends in a vertical direction through the traction upper base and the traction lower base; and the overlap member extends substantially in a longitudinal direction, including an overlap base and an overlap shovel inclined relative to the overlap base, wherein the overlap shovel protrudes from the traction base in the longitudinal direction. In this way, the overlap member can be at different horizontal positions relative to the traction base by means of the displacement member, so as to facilitate picking up and transporting the paired overlap device of the cargo transport equipment to be connected and detached.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the displacement member includes: at least one sliding rod, which extends through the traction upper base and the traction lower base in the vertical direction and includes an upper end above the traction upper base and a lower end opposite to the upper end; an upper connecting piece, which is connected to the upper end of each of the sliding rods; and a lower connecting piece, which is fastened to the lower end of each of the sliding rods. This ensures that the displacement member always moves in the vertical direction, and will not separate from the traction upper base and the traction lower base during movement due to the restrictions of the upper connecting piece and the lower connecting piece.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism further includes a lap motor and a lap guide member, the lap guide member including: a traction rope, the traction rope passes through the traction upper base and the traction lower base, one end of which is connected to the lap motor via a turntable, and the other end is fastened to the displacement member of the lap mechanism. Preferably, a sleeve may also be included to protect the traction rope from wear. With this arrangement, the lap motor can pull the lap mechanism to move vertically upward or downward by retracting a portion of the traction rope or releasing a portion of the traction rope.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the overlapping shovel includes a first part and a second part connected to each other, wherein the width of the first part in the transverse direction is substantially constant, while the width of the second part in the transverse direction gradually increases. Preferably, the first part and the second part respectively have a pair of first guide plates and a second guide plate, the pair of first guide plates and the second guide plate extending perpendicularly to the upper surface of the overlapping shovel, and the first guide plate and the second guide plate are arranged at opposite edges of the first part and the second part in the transverse direction. In this way, the paired overlapping device of the cargo transport equipment can be picked up in a relatively wide range in the transverse direction, with a high fault tolerance rate; and the paired overlapping device can be prevented from sliding out of the overlapping shovel with the help of the guide plates.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the overlapping member of the overlapping mechanism is driven by the overlapping motor to move relative to the traction base, and can remain stationary in one of the following positions: a hooking position, in which the overlapping member is adjacent to the traction base; a picking position, in which the overlapping member is away from the traction base; and a driving position, in which the overlapping member is between the hooking position and the picking position. The hooking position is provided to facilitate the delivery of the matching overlapping device of the cargo transport equipment to be connected or detached into or out of the traction base, and the picking position is provided to facilitate the picking up of the matching overlapping device of the cargo transport equipment to be connected or detached. Preferably, a plurality of driving positions are provided between the hooking position and the picking position, so that the overlapping member does not touch the matching overlapping device of the cargo transport equipment and is not too close to the ground, thereby facilitating the driving of the freight vehicle.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism further includes a traction bolt, which is driven by a traction motor or a handle to move between a locked position and an unlocked position, wherein the traction motor and the handle are connected together by means of a rotating arm, and a traction guide member is provided between the handle and the traction bolt, which is respectively hingedly mounted to the two, and wherein, in the locked position, the traction bolt passes through the traction upper base from top to bottom and is at least adjacent to the upper surface of the traction lower base; in the unlocked position, the lower end of the traction bolt slightly touches the lower surface of the traction upper base. With this arrangement, the traction bolt can be set in the locked position to lock the mating overlap device of the cargo transport equipment to be hooked, or the traction bolt can be set in the unlocked position to release the mating overlap device of the cargo transport equipment to be unhooked.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the overlap base further includes a limiting tongue member, which is adjacent to the overlap shovel and protrudes from the overlap shovel. In this way, when the overlap shovel picks up the mating overlap device of the cargo transport equipment, the mating overlap device will be restricted by the limiting tongue member from moving beyond the overlap shovel, which helps to smoothly overlap.

[0014] Preferably, the traction lower base has a slope at the end opposite to the traction base plate. Providing the slope is conducive to the matching overlapping device of the cargo transportation equipment sliding into or out of the traction base via the upper surface of the traction lower base without too much friction and obstruction.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, the automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism includes a baffle between the traction upper base and the traction lower base, the baffle is positioned adjacent to the displacement member of the lap joint mechanism, and the surface of the baffle facing the slope of the traction lower base is formed into a concave shape. The concave shape matches the shape of the mating lap joint device of the cargo transport equipment, which helps to limit the mating lap joint device to a position where it can be locked by the traction bolt.

[0016] For the hook-and-unhook operation process, the automatic hook-and-unhook mechanism of the present invention uses a traction motor and a lap motor to control the movement of the traction bolt and the lap mechanism respectively. Each motor is controlled by a control system, so that the lap mechanism descends to pick up the matching lap device of the cargo transport equipment to be hooked, and then rises to send the matching lap device into the traction base so that the traction bolt falls and locks the matching lap device, thereby completing the hook-and-unhook operation, and vice versa. In this way, the automatic hook-and-unhook mechanism can be controlled by a manual operation control system to perform hook-and-unhook operations, and can also use an automatic control program to operate the control system in an unmanned application scenario to effectively and automatically complete the hook-and-unhook operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure, reference may be made to the following description of exemplary embodiments considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the present disclosure to the specific embodiments depicted therein and are not necessarily to scale. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of an automatic hook-and-unhook mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which the traction bolt is in a locking position and the hook-and-unhook mechanism is in a picking position;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A side view of the automatic hook-and-off mechanism;

[0020] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional diagram of an automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which the traction bolt is in an unlocked position and the lap joint mechanism is in a hooking position; and

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Side view of the automatic hook-and-off mechanism.

[0022] Reference numerals list

[0023] 100 Automatic hook-up and hook-off mechanism

[0024] 1 Traction base

[0025] 101 Traction substrate

[0026] 102 Traction to the base

[0027] 121 upper surface

[0028] 122 lower surface

[0029] 123 Part 1

[0030] 124 Second Section

[0031] 103 Traction lower base

[0032] 131 Upper surface

[0033] 132 Lower surface

[0034] 104 Through Holes

[0035] 105 Slope

[0036] 2. Overlap mechanism

[0037] 201 Displacement Component

[0038] 211a, 211b Slide bar

[0039] 212 Upper connector

[0040] 213 Lower connector

[0041] 202 Overlapping components

[0042] 221 Lap base

[0043] 222 Overlapping Shovel

[0044] 21 Part 1

[0045] 22 Part 2

[0046] 223 Piercing

[0047] 224a, 224b first guide plate

[0048] 225a, 225b second guide plate

[0049] 203 Fasteners

[0050] 204 Notch

[0051] 3. Lap the motor

[0052] 4 Overlap guide components

[0053] 401 Turntable

[0054] 402 Towing rope

[0055] 403 Sleeve

[0056] 5. Traction bolt

[0057] 501 Subject

[0058] 502 Tab

[0059] 503 Top

[0060] 504 Lower end

[0061] 6 Traction motor

[0062] 7. Handle

[0063] 8 Swivel arm

[0064] 9 Handle bracket

[0065] 10 Micro switch

[0066] 11 Traction guide member

[0067] 12First connecting rod

[0068] 13 Second connecting rod

[0069] 14 First connecting rod bracket

[0070] 15 Second connecting rod bracket

[0071] 16 Hinged parts

[0072] 17 Limit column

[0073] 18 Baffle

[0074] 19 Limiting tongue component

[0075] X vertical direction

[0076] Z vertical direction

[0077] Y horizontal direction DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] The following description of the present invention for specific embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings, which show specific embodiments in which the present invention can be practiced. The embodiments are intended to fully describe the various aspects of the present invention in detail so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. Other embodiments may be utilized and may be changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the following description of specific embodiments should not be considered restrictive. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims and the full range of equivalents covered by the claims. The same reference numerals are used in all drawings and specific embodiments to refer to the same or similar parts.

[0079] The directional terms such as "upper", "lower", "higher", "lower" etc. used in the present invention are relative to the use position of the automatic hook-and-off mechanism 100 ( Figure 2 , Figure 4 The position shown is defined by the overlapping base 221 of the overlapping member 202 of the automatic connecting and disconnecting mechanism 100 being in a horizontal plane).

[0080] Direction X is the longitudinal direction, which is the direction from the end of the traction upper base 102 fixed to the traction base plate 101 to the end of the traction upper base 102 close to the traction pin 5. Figure 2The direction is shown from left to right; the vertical direction Z is the vertical direction or vertical height when the automatic hook-up and unhooking mechanism 100 is in the working position, and the directions X and Z are perpendicular to each other; the transverse direction Y is a direction perpendicular to both the longitudinal direction X and the vertical direction Z.

[0081] Figures 1 to 4 The automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism 100 in different states of a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in the drawings, the automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism 100 generally comprises a traction base 1, a splicing mechanism 2 located below the traction base 1, a splicing motor 3 connected to the splicing mechanism 2 by means of a splicing guide member 4, a traction bolt 5 located in the traction base 1, and a traction motor 6 connected to the traction bolt 5 by means of a traction guide member 11.

[0082] The traction base 1 comprises a traction base plate 101 extending in the YZ plane, and the traction base plate 101 is preferably formed as follows: Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment includes a plurality of holes to facilitate mounting to a freight vehicle (not shown). In the preferred embodiment, the traction base plate 101 is rectangular in shape in the YZ plane, but other shapes such as polygonal or elliptical shapes that facilitate mounting may also be envisioned in alternative embodiments.

[0083] An upper traction base 102 and a lower traction base 103 are fixed on the traction base 101, which are opposite to each other and extend parallel to each other in the XY plane. The upper traction base 102 has an upper surface 121 facing upward and a lower surface 122 opposite to the upper surface 121; the lower traction base 103 has a lower surface 132 facing downward and an upper surface 131 opposite to the lower surface. The lower surface 122 of the upper traction base 102 is separated from the upper surface 131 of the lower traction base 103 by a distance along the vertical direction Z. The distance is configured to accommodate a mating coupling device (not shown) of the cargo transport equipment to be connected or detached; and allows the traction bolt 5 to pass through the upper traction base 102 from above the upper traction base 102 and enter the traction base 1, with its lower end 504 at least adjacent to the upper surface 131 of the lower traction base 103. In the preferred embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, at this time, the lower end 504 of the traction bolt 5 passes over the lower surface 132 of the traction lower base 103 .

[0084] like Figure 1As shown, the traction upper base 102 is composed of a first section 123 fixed to the traction base 101 and a second section 124 extending from the first section 123 along the longitudinal direction X. The first section 123 is shaped as a rectangle in the XY plane, and the second section 124 is shaped as a shape that tapers along the longitudinal direction X in the XY plane. The shape of the traction lower base 103 is consistent with that of the traction upper base 102, and will not be described in detail below. Of course, in other alternative embodiments, it is also conceivable that the traction upper base 102 and the traction lower base 103 adopt other shapes that taper as a whole, such as a semicircle, to facilitate the compactness of the structure of the traction base 1.

[0085] The traction lower base 103 is provided with a through hole 104 penetrating through the upper surface 131 and the lower surface 132 thereof at a position adjacent to the end thereof away from the traction base plate 101 in the longitudinal direction X, and a slope 105 is provided between the through hole 104 and the end. The through hole 104 is used to insert the traction bolt 5, and the slope 105 facilitates the mating coupling device of the cargo transport equipment to be connected and disconnected to slide from the end into the traction base 1.

[0086] As shown in the drawings, the automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism 100 further includes a lap joint mechanism 2. The lap joint mechanism 2 is substantially located below the traction lower base 103, extends beyond the traction base 1 along the longitudinal direction X, and can be at least in the picking position ( Figure 1 , Figure 2 Shown) and the attachment position ( Figure 3 , Figure 4 The pick-up position is away from the traction base 1, so that the overlap mechanism 2 is close to the ground, and the hooking position is adjacent to the lower surface 132 of the traction lower base 103, so as to facilitate the delivery or removal of the matching overlap device of the cargo transport equipment to be hooked up and unhooked from the traction base 1. The overlap mechanism 2 generally includes a displacement member 201 extending in the vertical direction Z and an overlap member 202 connected to the displacement member 201 and extending in the longitudinal direction X.

[0087] The displacement member 201 includes two slide bars 211a and 211b, which extend parallel to and through the traction upper base 102 and the traction lower base 103 in the vertical direction Z, and each includes an upper end located above the traction upper base and a lower end opposite to the upper end. An upper coupling member 212 extending in the transverse direction Y is provided above the traction upper base 102, and the upper coupling member 212 simultaneously fixes the upper ends of the slide bars 211a and 211b to fix the two slide bars 211a and 211b to be parallel to each other and prevent the slide bars 211a and 211b from leaving the traction upper base 102 when moving downward in the vertical direction Z. A lower coupling member 213 is provided below the traction lower base 103, and the lower ends of the slide bars 211a and 211b are inserted and fastened into the lower coupling member 213 perpendicular to the slide bars 211a and 211b. The lower connecting member 213 is fastened to the overlapping member 202 by means of a plurality of fasteners 203, and in the preferred embodiment is sleeved on the overlapping member 202. In this way, the slide bars 211a and 211b will not leave the traction lower base 103 when moving upward in the vertical direction Z. The arrangement of the upper connecting member 212 and the lower connecting member 213 enables the overlapping mechanism 2 to always move in the vertical direction below the traction base 1. Although two slide bars 211a and 211b are arranged as displacement guides in the preferred embodiment, it is also conceivable in alternative embodiments that the displacement guides are arranged as a single slide bar or more than two slide bars, a plate extending in the ZY plane, or other suitable forms.

[0088] The overlapping member 202 includes an overlapping base 221 extending in the XY plane and an overlapping shovel 222 inclined relative to the overlapping base 221. The overlapping base 221 is preferably rectangular in shape in the XY plane, and a through hole 223 is provided in the overlapping base 221. The through hole 223 is coaxial with the through hole 104 of the traction lower base 103 along the vertical direction Z, and the diameter of the through hole 223 is preferably not less than the diameter of the through hole 104. In this way, if the traction bolt 5 adopts a longer length, when the overlapping mechanism 2 moves to the hooking position, the traction bolt 5 can pass through the traction lower base 103 and the overlapping base 221 at the same time without being hindered.

[0089] Lapping shovel 222 Figure 2 As shown, the lap shovel 222 is tilted downward relative to the lap base 221 in the XZ plane. The lap shovel 222 includes a first portion 21 and a second portion 22 connected to each other. The lap base 221 is preferably connected to the connection between the first portion 21 and the second portion 22, so that the end of the first portion 21 located above and away from the second portion 22 is higher than the lap base 221, and the end of the second portion 22 located below and away from the first portion 21 is slightly lower than the lap base 221. Figure 1As shown, the first part 21 is shaped as a rectangle or slightly widens along the longitudinal direction X (the width along the transverse direction Y is substantially constant), while the second part 22 continues from the first part and significantly widens along the longitudinal direction X (the width along the transverse direction Y gradually increases). In this way, the overlapping shovel 222 is formed into a trumpet shape as a whole. Preferably, a recess is opened at the second part 22, and the recess is positioned in the middle of the end of the second part 22 away from the first part 21, and extends to the connection between the first part 21 and the second part 22. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and it can also be conceived in an alternative embodiment that the first part 21 extends roughly in the XY plane, and the second part 22 connected to the first part 21 is inclined downward, so that the upper surface of the overlapping shovel 222 is in a downward fold line shape in the XZ plane.

[0090] Preferably, the overlapping shovel 222 generally protrudes from the traction base 1, in particular, from the traction lower base 103, along the longitudinal direction X. In this way, when the overlapping mechanism 2 moves to the hooking position, the first portion 21 of the overlapping shovel 222 can be adjacent to the upper surface 131 of the traction lower base 103 without being blocked by the lower surface 132 of the traction lower base 103.

[0091] In addition, first guide plates 224a, 224b and second guide plates 225a, 225b are respectively provided at the opposite edges of the first part 21 and the second part 22 extending approximately in the XZ plane (in the transverse direction Y). The first guide plates 224a, 224b and the second guide plates 225a, 225b extend perpendicularly to the upper surfaces of the first part 21 and the second part 22, respectively. Of course, it is also conceivable in alternative embodiments to provide guide plates only in one of the first part 21 and the second part 22. The guide plates are provided to restrict the mating mating device to move in the mating shovel 222 when the mating shovel 222 picks up the mating mating device of the cargo transport equipment to be detached, so as to prevent it from accidentally falling off from the mating shovel 222.

[0092] A splicing motor 3 is provided to control the movement of the splicing mechanism 2, and the splicing motor 3 is connected to the splicing mechanism 2 via a splicing guide member 4. Specifically, the splicing guide member 4 includes a traction rope 402, and the traction rope 402 is as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the traction rope 402 passes through the traction upper base 102 and the traction lower base 103, is wrapped around the turntable 401 at its upper end, and is fastened to the lower connecting piece 213 of the displacement member 201 of the lap joint mechanism 2 at its lower end by means of fasteners such as bolts, and the turntable 401 is connected to the lap joint motor 3. Preferably, a sleeve 403 is provided to protect the traction rope 402, and the sleeve 403 is as shown in FIG. Figure 2The sleeve 403 is shown extending from below the turntable 401 to the upper surface 131 of the traction lower base 103, but shorter or longer sleeves 403 can be envisioned in alternative embodiments. With this arrangement, the operation of the splicing motor 3 drives the turntable 401 to rotate, thereby driving the traction rope 402 to wrap more or less around the turntable 401, thereby pulling the splicing mechanism 2 to move vertically upward or downward.

[0093] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The state of the overlapping mechanism 2 when it is in the picking position is shown. In the picking position, the overlapping member 202 of the overlapping mechanism 2 is away from the traction lower base 103 of the traction base 1 and close to the ground, and at this time, the matching overlapping device of the cargo transport equipment to be connected can be picked up, or the matching overlapping device of the cargo transport equipment to be detached can be released. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The state of the overlap mechanism 2 when it is in the hooking position is shown. In the hooking position, the overlap member 202 of the overlap mechanism 2 is adjacent to the traction lower base 103 of the traction base 1, and specifically, the first part 21 of the overlap shovel 222 is adjacent to the slope 105 of the traction lower base 103. At this time, the matching overlap device of the cargo transport equipment to be hooked is allowed to slide into the traction base 1 through the slope 105 and be located between the traction upper base 102 and the traction lower base 103, or the matching overlap device of the cargo transport equipment to be detached is allowed to slide out of the traction base 1 and rest on the overlap shovel 222.

[0094] Preferably, the overlapping mechanism 2 can also move to a driving position (not shown). In the driving position, the overlapping shovel 222 is between the picking position and the hooking position along the vertical direction Z, which is convenient for the freight vehicle to drive. There can be multiple driving positions, as long as they are not too high to collide with the matching overlapping device of the cargo transportation equipment, and are not too low to be close to the ground.

[0095] As shown in the accompanying drawings, the automatic hook-and-unhook mechanism 100 also includes a traction bolt 5, which can be Figure 1 and Figure 2 The locking position shown is similar to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the locked position, the traction bolt 5 preferably passes through the traction upper base 102 and the traction lower base 103 at the same time, and in the unlocked position, the traction bolt 5 at most just passes through the traction upper base 102. The traction bolt 5 includes a main body 501, which includes an upper end 503 facing upward and a lower end 504 opposite thereto. A protrusion 502 is provided at the upper end 503. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the upper end 503 is formed as a flange extending in the XY plane, which can be placed against the upper surface 121 of the upper traction base 102. Figure 3 and Figure 4As clearly shown, the traction upper base 102 is provided with a collar extending upward in the vertical direction Z on the upper surface 121 at the second section 124 , and the outer diameter of the collar is consistent with the diameter of the upper end 503 of the main body 501 of the traction bolt 5 .

[0096] A traction motor 6 is provided to control the movement of the traction bolt 5, and the traction motor 6 is connected to the traction bolt 5 by means of a traction guide member 11. In order to prevent the traction motor 6 from failing and causing the traction bolt 5 to be unable to be normally controlled, a handle 7 is provided on one side of the traction motor 6, and the handle 7 is connected to the traction motor 6 by means of a rotating arm 8. A handle bracket 9 is provided at the lower end of the handle 7 to facilitate the installation of the handle 7 to a freight vehicle. Meanwhile, a traction guide member 11 is hingedly installed at the lower end of the handle 7. Specifically, a first link 12 of the traction guide member 11 is hingedly installed to the handle 7 at one end thereof, a first link bracket 14 is installed at the other end thereof to facilitate the installation of the first link 12 in place to a freight vehicle, and a micro switch 10 is connected to further control a second link 13. The second link 13 is electrically connected to the micro switch 10 at one end thereof, and is installed in place to a freight vehicle using a second link bracket 15, and is hingedly installed to a lug 502 of the traction bolt 5 at the other end thereof by means of a hinge 16.

[0097] With this arrangement, the traction motor 6 drives the handle 7 to pivot around the lower end of the handle, or when the traction motor 6 fails, the handle 7 is manually rotated, thereby driving the first connecting rod 12 to move along its extension direction, and then driving the second connecting rod 13 to pull the traction bolt 5 to move upward or downward along the vertical direction Z by means of the hinge 16.

[0098] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The drawing bolt 5 is shown in a locked position. In the locked position, the drawing bolt 5 passes through the upper traction base 102 and the lower traction base 103 from top to bottom at the same time, and its upper end 503 abuts against the collar of the upper surface 121 of the upper traction base 102, thereby locking the matching overlap device of the cargo transport equipment to be connected in the traction base 1. Of course, it is also conceivable in an alternative embodiment that the drawing bolt 5 does not completely pass through the lower traction base 103, but makes its lower end 504 adjacent to the upper surface 131 of the lower traction base 103, as long as it can perform the function of locking the matching overlap device of the cargo transport equipment to be connected in the traction base 1. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The drawing bolt 5 is shown in the unlocked position. In the unlocked position, the drawing bolt 5 only passes through the upper drawing base 102, and its lower end 504 is slightly below the lower surface 122 of the upper drawing base 102. At this time, the matching overlap device of the cargo transport equipment to be connected is allowed to enter between the upper drawing base 102 and the lower drawing base 103, or the matching overlap device of the cargo transport equipment to be detached is allowed to exit between the upper drawing base 102 and the lower drawing base 103.

[0099] Preferably, a limit column 17 is provided on the upper surface 121 of the traction upper base 102 between the upper connecting member 212 of the displacement member 201 of the overlap mechanism 2 and the traction bolt 5. When the traction bolt 5 is in the locked position, the end of the second connecting rod 13 of the traction guide member 11 connected to the hinge 106 can abut against the limit column 17 to prevent the second connecting rod 13 from over-moving.

[0100] Preferably, a baffle 18 is further provided between the lower surface 122 of the traction upper base 102 and the upper surface 131 of the traction lower base 103, and the baffle 18 is located between the slide bars 211a, 211b of the displacement member 201 of the lap joint mechanism 2 and the through hole 104 of the traction lower base 103, and is closer to the slide bars 211a, 211b. The surface of the baffle 18 facing the through hole 104 is preferably formed into a concave shape to accommodate the mating lap joint device of the cargo transport equipment to be connected and detached and restrict it in place.

[0101] Preferably, a limiting tongue member 19 is provided on the overlapping base 221 , which is located between the through hole 223 and the overlapping shovel 222 , preferably adjacent to the first portion 21 of the overlapping shovel 222 , and extends upward in the vertical direction Z beyond the first portion 21 of the overlapping shovel 222 .

[0102] In general, the automatic coupling and uncoupling mechanism 100 is installed on the freight vehicle, and an automatic control system is used to identify the matching coupling device of the cargo transport equipment to be coupled and uncoupled, and to control the coupling motor 3 and the traction motor 6 to drive the coupling mechanism 2 and the traction bolt 5 to perform the coupling and uncoupling process.

[0103] The hooking and unhooking process of the automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism 100 is as follows:

[0104] - Identify the paired overlapping device of the cargo transport equipment to be connected, control the overlapping motor 3 to drive the overlapping mechanism 2 to descend to the picking position, and the automatic control system controls the freight vehicle to move along the longitudinal direction X to pick up the paired overlapping device into the overlapping shovel 222 of the overlapping mechanism 2, preferably into the first part 21 of the overlapping shovel 222;

[0105] - The overlapping motor 3 drives the overlapping mechanism 2 to rise to the hooking position, so that the overlapping shovel 222 is adjacent to the slope 105 of the traction lower base 103;

[0106] - The automatic control system controls the freight vehicle to continue to move in the longitudinal direction X, pushing the matching overlapping device onto the slope 105 of the traction lower base 103;

[0107] - The overlapping motor 3 drives the overlapping mechanism 2 to descend to the picking position;

[0108] - The automatic control system controls the freight vehicle to continue to move in the longitudinal direction X, pushing the matching overlapping device between the traction upper base 102 and the traction lower base 103, against the baffle 18;

[0109] - The traction motor 6 drives the traction bolt 5 down to the locking position to lock the paired overlapping device in place;

[0110] - The overlapping motor 3 drives the overlapping mechanism 2 to rise to the first driving position.

[0111] The unhooking process of the automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism 100 is as follows:

[0112] - The overlapping motor 3 drives the overlapping mechanism 2 to further rise from the first driving position to the second driving position, so that the overlapping shovel 222 is immediately below the matching overlapping device of the cargo transport equipment to be detached, but does not collide with the matching overlapping device;

[0113] - The traction motor 6 drives the traction bolt 5 to rise from the locked position to the unlocked position;

[0114] - the automatic control system controls the freight vehicle to move in the opposite direction of the longitudinal direction X, so that the mating lap joint moves away from the baffle 18 until the mating lap joint rests on the slope 105 of the towing lower base;

[0115] - The overlapping motor 3 drives the overlapping mechanism 2 to rise to the overlapping position;

[0116] - The automatic control system controls the freight vehicle to move in the opposite direction of the longitudinal direction X, so that the matching overlapping device returns to the overlapping shovel 222;

[0117] - The overlapping motor 3 drives the overlapping mechanism 2 to descend to the picking position.

[0118] The automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism of the present invention controls the lap motor to guide the lap component to pick up and transport the matching lap device of the cargo transport equipment to be hooked and unhooked to / from the traction base, and controls the traction motor to guide the traction bolt to lock / unlock the matching lap device, so that the matching lap device of the cargo transport equipment to be hooked and unhooked can be hooked and unhooked by manually operating the control system, and the matching lap device of the cargo transport equipment to be hooked and unhooked can be hooked and unhooked by the control system with the help of an automatic control program in an unmanned scene, thereby solving the problem of the prior art that manual hooking and unhooking operations are required. In addition, the automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism of the present invention sets the traction base and the lap mechanism to be separated from each other, and the lap mechanism can move relative to the traction base, so that the matching lap device at a lower horizontal position can be picked up and hooked without moving the entire automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism, thereby improving the flexibility and reliability of the mechanism.

[0119] As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," "having," or any further variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements and may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such method, article, or apparatus.

[0120] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, which are merely illustrative and non-restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make any possible changes and modifications without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic hook-up and hook-off mechanism, comprising: A traction base (1), the traction base (1) comprising: A traction substrate (101); An upper traction base (102) and a lower traction base (103) facing each other, wherein the upper traction base (102) and the lower traction base (103) are both fixed to the traction base plate (101) and are separated by a distance in a vertical direction (Z); a traction bolt (5), the traction bolt (5) extending through the traction upper base (102) in a vertical direction (Z) and configured to move in a vertical direction relative to the traction base (1), The automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism (100) further comprises a lap joint mechanism (2), wherein the lap joint mechanism (2) comprises a lap joint component (202) located below the traction lower base (103). And wherein the bridge member (202) is configured to move relative to the traction base (1) along a vertical direction (Z).

2. The automatic hook-and-off mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overlapping mechanism (2) further comprises a displacement member (201), wherein the displacement member (201) passes through the traction upper base (102) and the traction lower base (103) and extends in a vertical direction (Z); The overlapping member (202) extends substantially along the longitudinal direction (X) and comprises an overlapping base (221) and an overlapping shovel (222) inclined relative to the overlapping base (221), wherein the overlapping shovel (222) protrudes from the traction base (1) along the longitudinal direction (X).

3. The automatic hook-up and hook-off mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The displacement member (201) comprises: At least one sliding rod (211a, 211b), each of the at least one sliding rod (211a, 211b) extending in a vertical direction through the traction upper base (102) and the traction lower base (103), and comprising an upper end above the traction upper base (102) and a lower end opposite to the upper end; an upper connecting member (212) for fixing an upper end of each of the at least one sliding rod (211a, 211b); and A lower connecting piece (213) is provided to fasten the lower end of each of the at least one sliding rod (211a, 211b).

4. The automatic hook-up and hook-off mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism (100) further comprises a hooking motor (3) and a hooking guide component (4), wherein the hooking guide component (4) comprises: A traction rope (402), the traction rope (402) passes through the traction upper base (102) and the traction lower base (103), one end of which is connected to the overlapping motor (3) via a turntable (401), and the other end of which is fastened to the displacement member (201) of the overlapping mechanism (2).

5. The automatic hook-up and hook-off mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The overlapping shovel (222) comprises a first part (21) and a second part (22) connected to each other, wherein the width of the first part (21) along the transverse direction (Y) is substantially constant, while the width of the second part (22) along the transverse direction (Y) gradually increases.

6. The automatic hook-up and hook-off mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first part (21) and the second part (22) respectively have a pair of first guide plates (224a, 224b) and second guide plates (225a, 225b), the first guide plates and the second guide plates extend perpendicularly to the upper surface of the overlapping shovel (222), and the first guide plates (224a, 224b) and the second guide plates (225a, 225b) are respectively arranged at the opposite edges of the first part (21) and the second part (22) in the transverse direction (Y).

7. The automatic hook-up and hook-off mechanism according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The overlapping member (202) of the overlapping mechanism (2) is driven by the overlapping motor (3) to move relative to the traction base (1), and can remain stationary in one of the following positions: a hooking position, in which the overlapping member (202) is adjacent to the traction lower base (103); a pick-up position, in which the bridge member (202) is away from the traction lower base (103); and A driving position, in which the bridging member (202) is located between the hooking position and the picking-up position.

8. The automatic hook-up and hook-off mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism (100) further comprises a traction bolt (5), wherein the traction bolt (5) is driven by a traction motor (6) or a handle (7) to move between a locking position and an unlocking position. The traction motor (6) is connected to the handle (7), a traction guide member (11) is provided between the handle (7) and the traction bolt (5) and is hingedly mounted to the handle and the traction bolt (5), and In the locking position, the traction bolt (5) passes through the traction upper base (102) from top to bottom and is at least adjacent to the upper surface (131) of the traction lower base (103); In the unlocked position, the lower end (504) of the traction bolt (5) slightly protrudes from the lower surface (122) of the traction upper base (102).

9. The automatic hook-up and hook-off mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The overlapping base (221) further comprises a limiting tongue component (19), wherein the limiting tongue component (19) is adjacent to the overlapping shovel (222) and protrudes from the overlapping shovel (222).

10. The automatic hook-up and hook-off mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The automatic hooking and unhooking mechanism (100) comprises a baffle (18) between the traction upper base (102) and the traction lower base (103), wherein the baffle (18) is positioned adjacent to the displacement member (201) of the lap joint mechanism (2), and a surface of the baffle (18) facing the slope (105) of the traction lower base (103) is formed in a concave shape.

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