Multifunctional water treatment catalyst and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional water treatment catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises modifying sulfur powder with an acrylic monomer to obtain modified sulfur powder, adding a reducing agent to iron-containing sludge, and obtaining an iron-mud-based iron-carbon material after carbonization, adding the iron-mud-based iron-carbon material to a copper salt solution containing a modifier, and performing copper plating modification to obtain a multi-electrolytic catalyst material, mixing the modified sulfur powder with the multi-electrolytic catalyst material, adding a foaming agent and a foaming aid, and melting, cooling, and granulating to obtain a multifunctional water treatment catalyst. The multifunctional water treatment catalyst prepared by the present invention exhibits good denitrification and phosphorus removal capabilities without the need for additional addition of a carbon source, and effectively degrades organic pollutants in wastewater through its internal microbial community and catalytic action, further improving the water purification effect, and has good application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and in particular relates to a multifunctional water treatment catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of environmental protection requirements and the development of technology, the discharge standards of sewage treatment are becoming more and more stringent. In the field of traditional sewage treatment, facing the diverse pollutants, it is usually necessary to design a variety of process units to deeply remove pollutants such as total nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phosphorus. Traditional denitrification and denitrification filters usually require external carbon sources for deep denitrification of tailwater, which has high carbon source addition costs and is prone to cause effluent COD to exceed the standard. Most of the COD in the tailwater is difficult to degrade organic matter. In order to achieve high-standard COD discharge, it is often necessary to use advanced oxidation or adsorption units to meet high-standard discharge requirements. Deep phosphorus removal usually adopts the addition of deep phosphorus removal units and achieves deep phosphorus removal by adding chemical agents. This separation treatment method not only increases the complexity of the system, but also increases the operating cost and maintenance difficulty. Therefore, it is an important innovation to develop a new multifunctional sewage treatment catalyst that can simultaneously remove total nitrogen, COD and total phosphorus. This integrated treatment method can not only improve the treatment efficiency, but also save space and cost, providing an economical and efficient solution for sewage treatment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a multifunctional water treatment catalyst which can simultaneously remove total nitrogen, COD and total phosphorus, has good removal effect, high stability, simple process operation and maintenance, and is economical and environmentally friendly, as well as a preparation method and application thereof.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A method for preparing a multifunctional water treatment catalyst comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) sulfur powder is modified by using an acrylic ester monomer to obtain modified sulfur powder; an amine reducing agent is added to the iron-containing sludge, and after carbonization, an iron-sludge-based iron-carbon material is obtained;

[0007] (2) adding the iron mud-based iron-carbon material into a copper salt solution containing a modifier to perform copper plating modification to obtain a multi-element internal electrolysis catalyst material;

[0008] (3) The modified sulfur powder obtained above is mixed with a multi-electrolysis catalyst material, a foaming agent and a foaming aid are added, and the mixture is melted, cooled, and granulated to obtain a multifunctional water treatment catalyst.

[0009] In the method for preparing the multifunctional water treatment catalyst, preferably, in step (1), the acrylic ester monomer is one or more of methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and isooctyl acrylate.

[0010] In the method for preparing the multifunctional water treatment catalyst, preferably, in step (1), the amine reducing agent is one or more of diethylamine, cyclohexanediamine and N,N-dimethylacetamide.

[0011] In the preparation method of the above-mentioned multifunctional water treatment catalyst, preferably, in step (2), the modifier refers to a modifier that forms a complex with the copper ions in the copper salt solution, and the modifier is one or more of potassium sodium tartrate, sodium citrate, thiourea and potassium ferrocyanide, and the copper salt solution is one or more of copper sulfate solution, copper nitrate solution and copper chloride solution.

[0012] In the method for preparing the above-mentioned multifunctional water treatment catalyst, preferably, in step (3), the foaming agent is one or more of azodicarbonamide, sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium bicarbonate, and the foaming aid is one or more of zinc oxide, zinc carbonate and zinc stearate.

[0013] The preparation method of the multifunctional water treatment catalyst is preferably as follows: in step (1), the specific preparation process of the modified sulfur powder is as follows: sulfur powder and acrylic acid ester monomer are added to a reactor and mixed evenly, nitrogen is introduced to exclude air, and then the mixture is placed in an oil bath at 120°C to 130°C for heating and melting to react, and after the reaction, the obtained product is placed in water for quenching, and then solidified, dried, and crushed to obtain modified sulfur powder; wherein the mass ratio of the sulfur powder to the acrylic acid ester monomer is 5 to 1:1, the mesh size of the sulfur powder is 100 to 200 meshes, the reaction time is 1h to 5h, the solidification temperature is 60°C to 80°C, the solidification time is 2h to 4h, and the crushing is to crush to 100 to 200 meshes.

[0014] The preparation method of the multifunctional water treatment catalyst is preferably such that in step (1), the specific preparation process of the iron mud-based iron-carbon material is as follows: drying the iron-containing sludge to absolute dryness, grinding it, then adding a reducing agent, mixing it evenly, and calcining it at 1100°C to 1150°C for 15min to 30min to carbonize it, thereby obtaining the iron mud-based iron-carbon material; wherein the mass ratio of the iron-containing sludge to the reducing agent is 10 to 20:1, and the grinding is grinding to 100 mesh to 200 mesh.

[0015] The preparation method of the multifunctional water treatment catalyst is preferably as follows: adding a modifier to a copper salt solution to obtain a copper salt solution containing the modifier, adding the iron mud-based iron-carbon material to the copper salt solution containing the modifier, and performing a copper plating reaction under stirring. After the reaction, the material is filtered and dried to obtain a multi-electrolytic catalyst material; wherein the mass fraction of the copper salt in the copper salt solution is 1% to 5%, the mass ratio of the copper salt to the modifier is 5 to 10:1, the mass ratio of the iron mud-based iron-carbon material to the volume of the copper sulfate solution containing the modifier is 1 g: 10 mL to 100 mL, and the copper plating reaction time is 10 min to 120 min.

[0016] In the preparation method of the above-mentioned multifunctional water treatment catalyst, preferably, in step (3), the mass ratio of the modified sulfur powder to the multi-electrolysis catalyst material is 1-10:1, the mass ratio of the modified sulfur powder to the foaming agent is 10-20:1, the mass ratio of the foaming agent to the foaming aid is 5-10:1, and the particle size of the obtained multifunctional water treatment catalyst is 1 mm to 8 mm.

[0017] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a multifunctional water treatment catalyst prepared by the preparation method of the multifunctional water treatment catalyst.

[0018] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned multifunctional water treatment catalyst in the field of wastewater treatment.

[0019] In the multi-element internal electrolytic material of the present invention, multi-element refers to multiple elements, which in the present invention refers to iron, carbon and copper; internal electrolysis refers to the use of the potential difference between iron, carbon and copper to form micro-primary cells. These micro-primary cells generate an electric field in the wastewater to promote the degradation of organic pollutants. This process does not require an external power supply, but relies on the potential difference generated by the catalyst itself for electrolytic treatment.

[0020] The main innovative features of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] Sulfur used as a water treatment catalyst has problems such as low strength, easy breakage, poor solubility, etc., and the autotrophic denitrification rate is slow. It is necessary to further modify the sulfur to improve its strength and toughness so that the sulfur will not be powdered and broken during long-term operation. At the same time, it is necessary to improve the water solubility and electron transfer rate of sulfur, thereby improving the denitrification rate. Acrylic acid ester is a kind of olefin monomer with abundant sources and many types. Its double bond easily forms free radicals under initiator or higher temperature to react with sulfur. The present invention makes acrylic acid ester monomers and sulfur undergo free radical copolymerization in a sulfur melt system to obtain a polysulfide polymer, thereby improving the strength, toughness and water solubility of sulfur.

[0022] The principle of denitrification is as follows:

[0023] Through the autotrophic denitrification process of denitrifying functional bacteria, sulfur is used as an electron donor, and nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are used as electron acceptors to reduce nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen to nitrogen gas.

[0024] The reaction equation is as follows:

[0025] .

[0026] H produced by sulfur denitrification reaction + Ions can promote the internal electrolysis reaction of iron and copper in the catalyst to remove COD, H + The reaction with the iron in the catalyst can balance the pH value, and the dissolved Fe 2+ Capable of simultaneous phosphorus removal.

[0027] The reaction formula of the above-mentioned free radical copolymerization reaction is as follows:

[0028] (Acrylate radical)

[0029] (Sx represents a sulfur chain segment or sulfur free radical, x is the length of the chain segment)

[0030] (Chain Growth)

[0031] Traditional iron-carbon materials are produced by high-temperature sintering of iron powder and carbon powder, and the preparation cost is high. The present invention uses iron-containing sludge to prepare economical and efficient iron-carbon materials through high-temperature reduction with an amine reducing agent. The amine reducing agent used is preferably an amine compound such as diethylamine, cyclohexanediamine, N,N-dimethylacetamide, etc. These amine compounds can provide electrons, promote the carbonization reaction of organic matter, and can effectively improve the process of carbonization reaction and the quality of the final product. In addition, amine compounds can also improve the chemical activity of carbonized products and promote the transfer of electrons in micro-electrolysis reactions by forming specific ring structures.

[0032] Iron-carbon micro-electrolysis materials are weakly active in neutral aqueous solutions, and it is difficult to effectively degrade refractory organic pollutants. The present invention forms a multi-electrolysis material through copper plating modification, which can improve the activity of the material in neutral aqueous solution and improve the catalytic oxidation removal effect of pollutants. However, the traditional chemical copper plating modified iron-based materials have a large potential difference between iron and copper, resulting in a very fast replacement reaction rate, which will cause the instantly formed replacement copper layer to have many pores, poor bonding, and the copper plating layer is easy to fall off. The present invention adds modifiers (preferably potassium sodium tartrate, sodium citrate, thiourea, potassium ferrocyanide) to the copper sulfate solution. These modifiers form complexes with copper ions in the copper salt solution (preferably copper sulfate solution), keep the copper ions in a soluble state in the solution, which is conducive to the smooth progress of the iron copper plating reaction, and can improve the stability of the copper plating solution and the uniformity of the coating, reduce the formation of precipitates, and improve the density and adhesion of the coating, thereby improving the quality of the coating.

[0033] The present invention adds a foaming agent to sulfur for high-temperature melting, which can improve the performance of sulfur at multiple levels, increase the elasticity and strength of sulfur, improve stability and increase specific surface area. The foaming agent can reduce the surface tension of sulfur after melting, and can improve the dispersibility and stability of sulfur by decomposing and generating uniform bubbles, thereby forming a pore structure inside the sulfur catalyst and increasing the specific surface area of ​​the catalyst. The foaming aid can promote the reaction in the foaming agent, thereby accelerating the formation of pores, enhancing the stability and quality of the pores, generating uniform and fine bubbles on the surface of the product, thereby improving the appearance and gloss of the product. In addition, the additive preferably containing metallic zinc can promote the foaming agent to perform a foaming reaction, and improve the electrical properties and thermal stability of the product.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0035] 1. The preparation method of the present invention uses sulfur powder as the main raw material, and improves the strength and chemical activity of sulfur in the catalyst after modification by acrylic ester monomers, which can achieve efficient denitrification function. The prepared material is coupled with a multi-electrolytic catalyst material, which can degrade difficult-to-degrade organic matter through micro-electrolysis and release Fe 2+ , and synchronous chemical phosphorus removal can be achieved. The multifunctional sewage treatment catalyst prepared by the present invention can achieve the simultaneous removal of total nitrogen, COD and total phosphorus in one treatment unit, and has the advantages of good removal effect, high efficiency, good stability, simple operation and maintenance, economy and environmental protection, etc., and has broad application prospects in the field of sewage treatment.

[0036] The invention modifies the sulfur powder, improves the strength and toughness of the sulfur, makes the sulfur less likely to be pulverized and broken during long-term operation, and can improve the water solubility of the sulfur, thereby improving the denitrification rate.

[0037] Traditional iron-carbon catalysts have the problems of low activity and slow reaction rate in a neutral water environment when used for sewage treatment. The copper-plated iron-carbon modification of the present invention effectively improves the performance of the catalyst. Copper is a good conductor, and its addition can improve the conductivity of the catalyst, promote the transfer of electrons in the reaction, and accelerate the electrochemical reaction rate, thereby improving the catalyst's treatment effect on organic matter in sewage.

[0038] In the present invention, the modified sulfur powder is coupled with the multi-electrolysis catalyst material to prepare a multifunctional water treatment catalyst, and the multi-electrolysis catalyst material can neutralize the H generated in the sulfur denitrification process. + , maintaining the pH value of the reaction system basically stable, the released ferrous ions can remove total phosphorus, and at the same time can inhibit the generation of odorous gases such as hydrogen sulfide during the sulfur autotrophic denitrification process, and convert S in H2S to 2- Transformed into S 0 , realize sulfur recycling and reduce catalyst consumption.

[0039] 2. The multifunctional water treatment catalyst of the present invention is particularly suitable for deep purification of tail water. The multifunctional water treatment catalyst can achieve deep denitrification by autotrophic denitrification without the addition of an external carbon source. At the same time, the multi-metal material in the catalyst has a catalytic oxidation effect, which can remove organic matter and achieve synchronous chemical phosphorus removal by releasing ferrous ions. The multifunctional water treatment catalyst of the present invention can achieve the simultaneous removal of total nitrogen, COD and total phosphorus in one treatment unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. The materials and instruments used in the following embodiments are all commercially available.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] A method for preparing a multifunctional water treatment catalyst of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0043] (1) Weigh 100g of 100-200 mesh sulfur powder and 20g of methyl methacrylate into a 1000mL conical flask and mix evenly. Pass nitrogen to exclude air. Heat and melt in a 120°C oil bath. Turn on the magnetic stirrer. Stir and react for 4 hours. Then put the obtained product into water for quenching (rapid cooling). After the product is completely cooled, put it into a 60°C oven for curing for 2 hours. Dry and crush it to 100-200 mesh to obtain modified sulfur powder.

[0044] 100g of iron-containing sludge was dried to absolute dryness, ground to 100-200 mesh, mixed evenly with 10g of diethylamine, and then calcined in a muffle furnace at 1150°C for 15min to carbonize to obtain an iron-sludge-based iron-carbon material.

[0045] (2) Prepare 1000 mL of 2 wt% copper sulfate solution, then add 3 g of modifier sodium potassium tartrate to the copper sulfate solution to obtain a copper sulfate solution containing the modifier. Add 40 g of iron mud-based iron-carbon material to the copper sulfate solution containing the modifier, and perform copper plating reaction for 20 min under stirring. After the reaction, filter and dry to obtain a multi-element internal electrolysis catalyst material.

[0046] (3) 100 g of modified sulfur powder and 30 g of multi-electrolysis catalyst material were mixed evenly, 5 g of azodicarbonamide as a foaming agent and 1 g of zinc oxide as a foaming aid were added, and the mixture was melted, cooled and granulated to obtain a multifunctional water treatment catalyst with a particle size of 1 mm to 8 mm.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] A method for preparing a multifunctional water treatment catalyst of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0049] (1) Weigh 100g of 100-200 mesh sulfur powder and 20g of ethyl acrylate into a 1000mL conical flask and mix evenly. Pass nitrogen to exclude air. Heat and melt in a 120°C oil bath. Turn on the magnetic stirrer. Stir and react for 4 hours. Then put the obtained product into water for quenching. After the product is completely quenched, put it into a 60°C oven for curing for 2 hours. After drying and crushing to 100-200 mesh, modified sulfur powder is obtained.

[0050] 100g of iron-containing sludge was dried to absolute dryness, ground to 100-200 mesh, mixed evenly with 10g of cyclohexanediamine, and then calcined at 1150°C for 15min in a muffle furnace to carbonize and obtain an iron-sludge-based iron-carbon material.

[0051] (2) Prepare 1000 mL of 2 wt% copper sulfate solution, then add 3 g of modifier sodium citrate to the copper sulfate solution to obtain a copper sulfate solution containing the modifier. Add 40 g of iron mud-based iron-carbon material to the copper sulfate solution containing the modifier, and perform copper plating reaction for 20 min under stirring. After the reaction, filter and dry to obtain a multi-element internal electrolysis catalyst material.

[0052] (3) 100 g of modified sulfur powder and 30 g of multi-electrolysis catalyst material were mixed evenly, 5 g of foaming agent sodium dodecyl sulfate and 1 g of foaming aid zinc carbonate were added, and after melting, the mixture was cooled and granulated to obtain a multifunctional water treatment catalyst with a particle size of 1 mm to 8 mm.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] A method for preparing a multifunctional water treatment catalyst of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0055] (1) Weigh 100g of 100-200 mesh sulfur powder and 20g of glycidyl methacrylate into a 1000mL conical flask and mix evenly. Pass nitrogen to exclude air. Heat and melt in a 120°C oil bath. Turn on the magnetic stirrer. Stir and react for 4 hours. Then put the obtained product into water for quenching. After the product is completely quenched, put it into a 60°C oven for curing for 2 hours. Dry and crush it to 100-200 mesh to obtain modified sulfur powder.

[0056] 100g of iron-containing sludge was dried to absolute dryness, ground to 100-200 mesh, mixed evenly with 10g of N,N-dimethylacetamide, and calcined in a muffle furnace at 1150°C for 15min to carbonize and obtain an iron-sludge-based iron-carbon material.

[0057] (2) Prepare 1000 mL of 2 wt% copper sulfate solution, then add 3 g of thiourea as a modifier to the copper sulfate solution to obtain a copper sulfate solution containing the modifier. Add 40 g of iron mud-based iron-carbon material to the copper sulfate solution containing the modifier, and perform copper plating reaction for 20 min under stirring. After the reaction, filter and dry to obtain a multi-element internal electrolysis catalyst material.

[0058] (3) 100 g of modified sulfur powder and 30 g of multi-electrolysis catalyst material were mixed evenly, and 5 g of sodium bicarbonate as a foaming agent and 1 g of zinc stearate as a foaming aid were added. After melting, the mixture was cooled and granulated to obtain a multifunctional water treatment catalyst with a particle size of 1 mm to 8 mm.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] A method for preparing a multifunctional water treatment catalyst of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0061] (1) Weigh 100g of 100-200 mesh sulfur powder and 20g of isooctyl acrylate into a 1000mL conical flask and mix evenly. Pass nitrogen to exclude air. Heat and melt in a 120°C oil bath. Turn on the magnetic stirrer. Stir and react for 4 hours. Then put the obtained product into water for quenching. After the product is completely quenched, put it into a 60°C oven for curing for 2 hours. Dry and crush it to 100-200 mesh to obtain modified sulfur powder.

[0062] 100g of iron-containing sludge was dried to absolute dryness, ground to 100-200 mesh, mixed evenly with 10g of diethylamine, and calcined in a muffle furnace at 1150°C for 15min to carbonize to obtain an iron-sludge-based iron-carbon material.

[0063] (2) Prepare 1000 mL of 2 wt% copper sulfate solution, then add 3 g of modifier potassium ferrocyanide to the copper sulfate solution to obtain a copper sulfate solution containing the modifier. Add 40 g of iron mud-based iron-carbon material to the copper sulfate solution containing the modifier, and perform copper plating reaction for 20 minutes under stirring. After the reaction, filter and dry to obtain a multi-element internal electrolysis catalyst material.

[0064] (3) 100 g of modified sulfur powder and 30 g of multi-electrolysis catalyst material were mixed evenly, 5 g of azodicarbonamide as a foaming agent and 1 g of zinc oxide as a foaming aid were added, and after melting, the mixture was cooled and granulated to obtain a multifunctional water treatment catalyst with a particle size of 1 mm to 8 mm.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] A method for preparing a water treatment catalyst is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that in step (1), the sulfur powder is not modified.

[0067] Comparative Example 2

[0068] A method for preparing a water treatment catalyst is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that no amine reducing agent is added during the preparation of the iron mud-based iron-carbon material in step (1).

[0069] Comparative Example 3

[0070] A method for preparing a water treatment catalyst is substantially the same as that of Example 1, except that in step (2), no modifier is added to the copper sulfate solution.

[0071] Comparative Example 4

[0072] A method for preparing a water treatment catalyst is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that in step (3), no foaming agent or foaming aid is added.

[0073] Application Effect

[0074] The water treatment catalysts prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 are applied to tail water deep treatment, including the following process:

[0075] Nine groups of 1L of primary AO biochemically treated wastewater (total nitrogen 30 mg / L, COD 80 mg / L, total phosphorus 1 mg / L) were taken from a typical electronic industrial wastewater treatment station, and 100g of the water treatment catalyst prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were added respectively. Denitrification functional bacteria had been inoculated in each water treatment catalyst. After stirring and mixing for 1 hour, the total nitrogen, COD and total phosphorus concentrations in the supernatant were detected. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1 Application effect of water treatment catalysts of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-4

[0077]

[0078] It can be seen from the application effect that the multifunctional water treatment catalyst prepared in Examples 1-4 has significantly improved nitrogen, phosphorus and COD removal effects in wastewater compared with Comparative Examples 1-4. The possible reason is that the water solubility of sulfur is improved by sulfurization modification of sulfur, thereby increasing the denitrification rate. The addition of reducing agent and copper plating modifier effectively improves the micro-electrolysis performance of the catalyst. Copper is a good conductor, and its addition can improve the conductivity of the catalyst, promote the transfer of electrons in the reaction, and accelerate the electrochemical reaction rate, thereby improving the catalyst's treatment effect on organic matter in sewage. The foaming agent and foaming aid form a uniform pore structure inside the catalyst, increase the specific surface area of ​​the catalyst, and thus improve the removal effect of pollutants.

[0079] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the preferred embodiment, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment of equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a multifunctional water treatment catalyst, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) sulfur powder is modified by using an acrylic ester monomer to obtain modified sulfur powder; an amine reducing agent is added to the iron-containing sludge, and after carbonization, an iron-sludge-based iron-carbon material is obtained; (2) adding the iron mud-based iron-carbon material into a copper salt solution containing a modifier to perform copper plating modification to obtain a multi-element internal electrolysis catalyst material; (3) The modified sulfur powder obtained above is mixed with a multi-electrolysis catalyst material, a foaming agent and a foaming aid are added, and the mixture is melted, cooled, and granulated to obtain a multifunctional water treatment catalyst.

2. The method for preparing the multifunctional water treatment catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the acrylic acid ester monomer is one or more of methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and isooctyl acrylate.

3. The method for preparing the multifunctional water treatment catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the amine reducing agent is one or more of diethylamine, cyclohexanediamine and N,N-dimethylacetamide.

4. The method for preparing the multifunctional water treatment catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the modifier refers to a modifier that forms a complex with the copper ions in the copper salt solution, and the modifier is one or more of potassium sodium tartrate, sodium citrate, thiourea and potassium ferrocyanide, and the copper salt solution is one or more of copper sulfate solution, copper nitrate solution and copper chloride solution.

5. The method for preparing the multifunctional water treatment catalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the foaming agent is one or more of azodicarbonamide, sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium bicarbonate, and the foaming aid is one or more of zinc oxide, zinc carbonate and zinc stearate.

6. The method for preparing a multifunctional water treatment catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In step (1), the specific preparation process of the modified sulfur powder is as follows: sulfur powder and acrylic acid ester monomer are added into a reactor and mixed evenly, nitrogen is introduced to exclude air, and then the mixture is placed in an oil bath at 120°C to 130°C for heating and melting to cause a reaction, and after the reaction, the obtained product is placed in water for quenching, and then solidified, dried, and crushed to obtain modified sulfur powder; wherein the mass ratio of the sulfur powder to the acrylic acid ester monomer is 5 to 1:1, the mesh size of the sulfur powder is 100 to 200 meshes, the reaction time is 1 hour to 5 hours, the solidification temperature is 60°C to 80°C, the solidification time is 2 hours to 4 hours, and the crushing is to crush to 100 to 200 meshes; In step (1), the specific preparation process of the iron mud-based iron-carbon material is as follows: drying the iron-containing sludge to absolute dryness, grinding it, then adding a reducing agent, mixing it evenly, and calcining it at 1100°C to 1150°C for 15min to 30min to carbonize it, thereby obtaining the iron mud-based iron-carbon material; wherein the mass ratio of the iron-containing sludge to the reducing agent is 10 to 20:1, and the grinding is grinding to 100 mesh to 200 mesh.

7. The method for preparing a multifunctional water treatment catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The specific process of step (2) is as follows: adding a modifier to a copper salt solution to obtain a copper salt solution containing the modifier, adding the iron mud-based iron-carbon material to the copper salt solution containing the modifier, performing a copper plating reaction under stirring, filtering and drying after the reaction to obtain a multi-electrolytic catalyst material; wherein the mass fraction of the copper salt in the copper salt solution is 1% to 5%, the mass ratio of the copper salt to the modifier is 5 to 10:1, the mass ratio of the iron mud-based iron-carbon material to the volume of the copper sulfate solution containing the modifier is 1 g: 10 mL to 100 mL, and the copper plating reaction time is 10 min to 120 min.

8. The method for preparing a multifunctional water treatment catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In step (3), the mass ratio of the modified sulfur powder to the multi-electrolysis catalyst material is 1-10:1, the mass ratio of the modified sulfur powder to the foaming agent is 10-20:1, the mass ratio of the foaming agent to the foaming aid is 5-10:1, and the particle size of the obtained multifunctional water treatment catalyst is 1 mm to 8 mm.

9. A multifunctional water treatment catalyst prepared by the preparation method of a multifunctional water treatment catalyst as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the multifunctional water treatment catalyst according to claim 9 in the field of wastewater treatment.

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