A soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil and its application method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of soil improvement, and discloses a saline-alkali soil conditioner and its application method. The saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts calcium chloride, 5-15 parts ferrous sulfate, 5-15 parts ammonium sulfate, 20-30 parts organic materials, 20-30 parts inorganic materials, and 5-10 parts microbial conditioner. The desulfurized gypsum, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, and ammonium sulfate reduce the salinity and pH of the saline-alkali soil; the organic materials increase the organic matter and improve the soil structure; the inorganic materials enhance the water retention and nutrient supply capacity of the saline-alkali soil and further improve its structure; the microbial conditioner activates the fixed nutrients in the saline-alkali soil and improves its structure; and the isolation layer cuts off the upward flow channels of underground salts. This solves the problem that traditional soil improvement measures are prone to salinization and alkalinity reversion, resulting in low improvement efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil improvement technology, specifically to a saline-alkali soil conditioner and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Soil improvement refers to a series of technical measures that utilize theories and technologies from multiple disciplines such as soil science, biology, and ecology to eliminate or prevent adverse factors that affect crop growth and cause soil degradation, improve soil properties, enhance soil fertility, and create favorable soil environmental conditions for crops. Generally, it involves developing practical and feasible plans tailored to local natural and economic conditions, and implementing them gradually to effectively improve soil productivity and environmental conditions. Saline-alkali soil improvement has long been considered a global challenge, as there are a large number of saline-alkali soils worldwide affected by salinity. Therefore, improving saline-alkali soil can significantly increase grain yield and land utilization, yielding substantial economic, social, and ecological benefits.

[0003] Traditional methods for improving saline-alkali soils typically involve measures such as applying large amounts of water to reduce salinity and planting alkali-tolerant halophytes. However, these traditional methods are prone to causing salinization and alkalinity reversion, resulting in low improvement efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner and its application method, solving the problem that traditional improvement measures are prone to salinization and alkalinity reversion, resulting in low improvement efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a saline-alkali soil conditioner, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts calcium chloride, 5-15 parts ferrous sulfate, 5-15 parts ammonium sulfate, 20-30 parts organic materials, 20-30 parts inorganic materials, and 5-10 parts microbial conditioner.

[0006] Preferably, the organic material includes humic acid and straw, in a ratio of 3-6:4-7.

[0007] Preferably, the inorganic materials include silicon fertilizer, sand, and coal ash, in a ratio of 3-5:2-4:2-4.

[0008] Preferably, the microbial modifier includes polar marine bacteria, halophilic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and lactic acid bacteria, in a ratio of 2-4:2-4:1.5-3.5:0.5-2.5.

[0009] A method for applying a soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil includes:

[0010] S1. Preliminary investigation: Conduct a detailed investigation of the saline-alkali soils that need to be improved, and obtain the specific data of the saline-alkali soils, including salt content, pH, groundwater depth, and soil area.

[0011] S2. Preparation before application: Prepare the saline-alkali soil that needs to be improved before application to maximize the use of saline-alkali soil conditioner.

[0012] S3. Layered application: Based on the specific data obtained in step S1, apply different proportions of saline-alkali soil conditioner to the surface and deep layers of saline-alkali soil using machinery, and irrigate appropriately during application.

[0013] S4. Post-application treatment: After applying the saline-alkali soil conditioner to the saline-alkali soil, cover the soil surface with one or more of the following materials: straw, wood chips, and natural fallen leaves.

[0014] S5. Monitoring and Adjustment: After application, conduct regular monitoring of specific data on the saline-alkali soil where the soil conditioner has been applied, and adjust the application rate of the soil conditioner accordingly. Then, implement crop rotation and periodic application of the soil conditioner.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation in S2 involves deep plowing of the saline-alkali soil, and during deep plowing, turning straw over and pressing it into the saline-alkali soil at a depth of 40 to 70 centimeters to form an isolation layer, and then irrigating the saline-alkali soil appropriately to keep the soil moisture between 20% and 30%.

[0016] Preferably, in step S3, the surface layer has a depth of 0-10 cm, the deep layer has a depth of 20-40 cm, and the soil conditioner dosage ratio is 5-8:2-6 parts; the appropriate irrigation is to maintain the soil moisture between 50% and 70%.

[0017] Preferably, the crop rotation in S5 is one or more of soybean, sunflower, cotton, and sorghum.

[0018] This invention provides a soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil and its application method. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention reduces the salinity and pH of saline-alkali soils by using desulfurized gypsum, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, and ammonium sulfate; increases the organic matter content and improves the soil structure by using organic materials; enhances the water retention and nutrient supply capacity of saline-alkali soils and further improves the soil structure by using inorganic materials; activates the fixed nutrients in saline-alkali soils by using microbial amendments and improves the soil structure; and cuts off the upward flow channels of underground salts by using an isolation layer. This solves the problem that traditional soil improvement measures are prone to salinization and alkalinity reversion, resulting in low improvement efficiency.

[0020] 2. This invention utilizes desulfurized gypsum, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and microbial amendments to reduce the salinity and pH of saline-alkali soils in multiple ways. It can also rapidly adjust the salinity and pH of saline-alkali soils and gradually improve them through the microbial amendments. All of these methods provide crops with the various elements they need for growth and improve fertilizer absorption and utilization, thus safeguarding crop emergence and quality and enhancing the practicality of this amendment.

[0021] 3. This invention increases the nutrients in saline-alkali soil by combining organic and inorganic materials, thereby enhancing the formation of aggregate structure, improving crop resistance to salinity and alkali, increasing the water retention and nutrient supply capacity of saline-alkali soil, improving soil permeability, promoting crop growth, and simultaneously improving the physical properties of the soil. This accelerates the improvement efficiency of saline-alkali soil and further improves soil structure, thereby further preventing the reversion of salinity and alkali.

[0022] 4. This invention, through preliminary investigation; preparation of saline-alkali soil conditioner; preparatory work before saline-alkali soil improvement; saline-alkali soil improvement; and subsequent management, can more effectively and quickly improve saline-alkali soil, increase its productivity, and thus enhance its utilization rate. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application method for a saline-alkali soil conditioner according to the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] This invention provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts calcium chloride, 5-15 parts ferrous sulfate, 5-15 parts ammonium sulfate, 20-30 parts organic materials, 20-30 parts inorganic materials, and 5-10 parts microbial conditioner.

[0026] Specifically, the calcium ions from desulfurized gypsum replace sodium ions in the soil, while sulfate ions help improve soil structure, thus improving the ratio of calcium to sulfate ions and helping to reduce soil salinity and improve soil structure. Calcium chloride provides calcium ions, which further replace sodium ions in the soil, reducing salinity and increasing soil aeration. Ferrous sulfate provides iron ions, promoting plant growth and further improving soil pH. Ammonium sulfate provides nitrogen, and the replacement of sodium ions with sulfate ions further reduces soil salinity and provides the nitrogen needed by plants, while also lowering soil pH. Organic materials increase the organic matter content of saline-alkali soils, thus reducing salinity. The humus in the soil enhances the formation of soil aggregates, improves crop resistance to salinity and alkali, enhances soil moisture retention and aeration, and promotes microbial growth. Inorganic materials improve the water retention and nutrient supply capacity of saline-alkali soil, increase soil permeability, promote crop growth, and improve soil physical properties. Microbial amendments activate fixed nutrients in saline-alkali soil, improving soil structure. Desulfurized gypsum, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, and ammonium sulfate rapidly improve saline-alkali soil. Organic and inorganic materials improve soil structure, while microbial amendments gradually improve saline-alkali soil. This solves the problem of traditional improvement measures easily leading to salinization and alkali degradation, resulting in low improvement efficiency.

[0027] Organic materials include humic acid and straw, in a ratio of 3-6:4-7.

[0028] Specifically, humic acid improves the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil, enhances soil fertility, thereby increasing soil water retention capacity, reducing salinity, and improving crop resistance; straw improves soil moisture retention and aeration, and promotes microbial growth.

[0029] Inorganic materials include silicon fertilizer, sand, and coal ash, in a ratio of 3-5:2-4:2-4.

[0030] Specifically, silicon fertilizer can enhance plant stress resistance, promote root development, and improve soil structure, thereby helping plants resist saline-alkali pressure and increase crop yield; sand can improve soil structure, enhance soil aeration and drainage, thereby helping to improve soil physical properties and reduce salt concentration; and coal ash can provide minerals and potassium, improve soil acidity and alkalinity, increase soil fertility, thereby promoting crop growth and improving soil physical properties.

[0031] Microbial modifiers include polar marine bacteria, halophilic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and lactic acid bacteria, in the following proportions: 2-4: 2-4: 1.5-3.5: 0.5-2.5.

[0032] Specifically, polar marine bacteria can tolerate high-salt environments, promoting the decomposition of organic matter in the soil, improving nutrient cycling, and thus reducing salinity; halophilic bacteria can survive in saline-alkali environments, thereby promoting the release of nutrients in the soil, improving soil microbial activity, and increasing plant growth; mycorrhizal fungi can live in symbiosis with crop roots, thereby enhancing the crop's ability to absorb water and nutrients, improving stress resistance, and helping to improve plant growth conditions in saline-alkali soils; lactic acid bacteria can improve the structure of soil microbial communities, promote the fermentation and transformation of organic matter, and increase soil fertility; microbial amendments can activate nutrients fixed in saline-alkali soils, improve the structure of saline-alkali soils, and improve fertilizer absorption and utilization rates, thus safeguarding crop emergence and quality.

[0033] Please see the appendix Figure 1 A method for applying a soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil includes:

[0034] S1. Preliminary investigation: Conduct a detailed investigation of the saline-alkali soils that need to be improved, and obtain the specific data of the saline-alkali soils, including salt content, pH, groundwater depth, and soil area.

[0035] S2. Preparation before application: Prepare the saline-alkali soil that needs to be improved before application to maximize the use of saline-alkali soil conditioner.

[0036] S3. Layered application: Based on the specific data obtained in step S1, apply different proportions of saline-alkali soil conditioner to the surface and deep layers of saline-alkali soil using machinery, and irrigate appropriately during application.

[0037] S4. Post-application treatment: After applying the saline-alkali soil conditioner to the saline-alkali soil, cover the soil surface with one or more of the following materials: straw, wood chips, and natural fallen leaves.

[0038] S5. Monitoring and Adjustment: After application, conduct regular monitoring of specific data on the saline-alkali soil where the soil conditioner has been applied, and adjust the application rate of the soil conditioner accordingly. Then, implement crop rotation and periodic application of the soil conditioner.

[0039] Preparation in S2 involves deep plowing of the saline-alkali soil, with straw turned into the soil at a depth of 40 to 70 centimeters to form an isolation layer during deep plowing, followed by appropriate irrigation to maintain soil moisture between 20% and 30%.

[0040] The surface layer of S3 has a depth of 0-10 cm, and the deep layer has a depth of 20-40 cm. The soil conditioner dosage ratio is 5-8:2-6 parts. The appropriate irrigation is to keep the soil moisture between 50% and 70%.

[0041] In S5, crop rotations include one or more of soybeans, sunflowers, cotton, and sorghum.

[0042] Specifically, preliminary investigations provide data on saline-alkali soils, laying the foundation for subsequent application. Pre-application preparation involves breaking up compacted saline-alkali soils to create a looser texture, increasing the contact area between the soil and the soil conditioner and accelerating the improvement process. Establishing an isolation layer cuts off the upward flow of salt from the soil, further preventing salinization. Returning straw to the field enhances soil fertility, and appropriate irrigation increases the penetration of the conditioner. Layered application, with different proportions of conditioner applied to the surface and deeper soil layers, further enhances the soil's effectiveness. Topsoil application reduces surface salinity, promotes microbial activity, improves soil physical properties, and enhances soil nutrients. Deep application adjusts soil structure, prevents soil salinization, improves water retention capacity, and slowly releases nutrients. This allows for targeted improvement effects on different soil layers, promoting healthy plant growth and ultimately achieving comprehensive soil improvement and increased utilization. Post-application treatment helps protect the soil, reduce water evaporation, suppress weed growth, and promote soil microbial activity, thereby accelerating improvement efficiency. Monitoring and adjustments continuously improve saline-alkali soils and further prevent salinization.

[0043] The following is a further description with reference to specific embodiments:

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] A soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil comprises 10 parts desulfurized gypsum, 5 parts calcium chloride, 5 parts ferrous sulfate, 5 parts ammonium sulfate, 20 parts organic materials, 20 parts inorganic materials, and 5 parts microbial conditioner; wherein the ratio of humic acid to straw in the organic materials is 5:5, the ratio of silicon fertilizer, sand, and coal ash in the inorganic materials is 4:3:3, and the ratio of polar marine bacteria, halophilic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and lactic acid bacteria in the microbial conditioner is 3:3:2:2.

[0046] The above-mentioned method for applying a saline-alkali soil conditioner includes the following steps:

[0047] S1. Preliminary investigation: Conduct a detailed investigation of the saline-alkali soils that need to be improved, and obtain the specific data of the saline-alkali soils, including salt content, pH, groundwater depth, and soil area.

[0048] S2. Preparation before application: Prepare the saline-alkali soil that needs to be improved to maximize the use of the saline-alkali soil conditioner. The isolation layer should be 60 cm deep and the soil moisture content should be 30%.

[0049] S3. Layered application: After step S2 is completed, the saline-alkali soil conditioner is applied to the deep layer of the saline-alkali soil using a fertilizer applicator, with a depth of 40 cm. Then, the saline-alkali soil conditioner is applied to the surface layer of the saline-alkali soil using a fertilizer applicator, with a depth of 5 cm. Appropriate irrigation should be carried out during application to maintain the soil moisture at 60%. The dosage of the saline-alkali soil conditioner is 220 parts per acre by weight, and the ratio of the dosage to the deep layer is 6:4.

[0050] S4. Post-application treatment: After applying the saline-alkali soil conditioner to the saline-alkali soil, cover the soil surface with a mixture of straw and wood chips.

[0051] S5. Monitoring and Adjustment: After application, specific data monitoring will be conducted on the saline-alkali soil that has been treated with the saline-alkali soil conditioner every two months, and the application amount of the saline-alkali soil conditioner will be adjusted according to the specific data. Then, crop rotation and periodic application of the saline-alkali soil conditioner will be carried out, with sorghum as the crop rotation.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 above is that:

[0054] A soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil comprises 30 parts desulfurized gypsum, 20 parts calcium chloride, 15 parts ferrous sulfate, 15 parts ammonium sulfate, 30 parts organic materials, 30 parts inorganic materials, and 10 parts microbial conditioner; wherein the ratio of humic acid to straw in the organic materials is 5:5, the ratio of silicon fertilizer, sand, and coal ash in the inorganic materials is 4:3:3, and the ratio of polar marine bacteria, halophilic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and lactic acid bacteria in the microbial conditioner is 3:3:2:2.

[0055] Example 3:

[0056] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 above is that:

[0057] A soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil comprises 20 parts desulfurized gypsum, 13 parts calcium chloride, 10 parts ferrous sulfate, 10 parts ammonium sulfate, 25 parts organic materials, 25 parts inorganic materials, and 8 parts microbial conditioner. The organic materials contain humic acid in a 5:5 ratio with straw, the inorganic materials contain silicon fertilizer, sand, and coal ash in a 4:3:3 ratio, and the microbial conditioner contains polar marine bacteria, halophilic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and lactic acid bacteria in a 3:3:2:2 ratio.

[0058] Table 1:

[0059] project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 contrast pH 8.5 7 7.7 9.5 Salt content 2％ 0.5％ 1％ 3％ Soil porosity 35％ 45％ 41％ 25％

[0060] The table above compares saline-alkali soils. Table 1 shows that different amounts of saline-alkali soil conditioners can affect the pH, salinity, and porosity of saline-alkali soils, thereby affecting soil structure and improvement efficiency. Among them, different amounts of desulfurized gypsum, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and microbial conditioners play different roles in improving the salinity and salinity of saline-alkali soils. Different amounts of organic materials, inorganic materials, and microbial conditioners play different roles in improving the porosity of saline-alkali soils, thus affecting the improvement efficiency of saline-alkali soils.

[0061] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 10-30 parts desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts calcium chloride, 5-15 parts ferrous sulfate, 5-15 parts ammonium sulfate, 20-30 parts organic materials, 20-30 parts inorganic materials, and 5-10 parts microbial modifier. The organic materials include humic acid and straw, in a ratio of 3-6:4-7. The inorganic materials include silicon fertilizer, sand, and coal ash, in a ratio of 3-5:2-4:2-4; The microbial modifier includes polar marine bacteria, halophilic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and lactic acid bacteria, in a ratio of 2-4:2-4:1.5-3.5:0.5-2.

5.

2. A method for applying a soil conditioner for saline-alkali soil, characterized in that: The soil conditioner applied according to claim 1 comprises: S1. Preliminary investigation: Conduct a detailed investigation of the saline-alkali soils that need to be improved, and obtain the specific data of the saline-alkali soils, including salt content, pH, groundwater depth, and soil area. S2. Preparation before application: Prepare the saline-alkali soil that needs to be improved before application to maximize the use of saline-alkali soil conditioner. S3. Layered application: After step S2 is completed, apply the saline-alkali soil conditioner into the deep layer of the saline-alkali soil using a fertilizer applicator, and then apply the saline-alkali soil conditioner into the surface layer of the saline-alkali soil using a fertilizer applicator. When applying, irrigate appropriately. The amount of saline-alkali soil conditioner used is 90-300 parts per acre by weight. S4. Post-application treatment: After applying the saline-alkali soil conditioner to the saline-alkali soil, cover the soil surface with one or more of the following materials: straw, wood chips, and natural fallen leaves. S5. Monitoring and Adjustment: After application, conduct regular monitoring of specific data on the saline-alkali soil that has been treated with the saline-alkali soil conditioner, and adjust the application amount of the saline-alkali soil conditioner according to the specific data. Then, carry out crop rotation and periodic application of the saline-alkali soil conditioner. The preparation in S2 involves deep plowing of the saline-alkali soil, and during deep plowing, turning straw into the soil at a depth of 40 to 70 centimeters to form an isolation layer. Then, the saline-alkali soil is properly irrigated to keep the soil moisture between 20% and 30%. The surface layer of S3 has a depth of 0-10 cm, and the deep layer has a depth of 20-40 cm. The soil conditioner dosage ratio is 5-8:2-6 parts. The appropriate irrigation is to keep the soil moisture between 50% and 70%. In S5, the crop rotation is one or more of soybean, sunflower, cotton, and sorghum.

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