Adjusting device and method for preparing micro-texture tool through laser assisted by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjusting device and method for preparing a micro-texture tool through laser assisted by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and a multi-dimensional magnetic field, and the device comprises a tool positioning module, a vertical-direction ultrasonic vibration and angle adjusting module, a horizontal-direction ultrasonic vibration and angle adjusting module, a laser device, and a laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration man-machine interaction module. A laser preparation focal length and angle monitoring module; and a laser preparation area monitoring and adjusting module. According to the device, a multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field method is introduced to assist laser machining of the microtexture, the adjustable device for laser preparation of the microtexture on the surfaces of various cutters with the assistance of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and the magnetic field is designed, and the microtexture can be obtained by adjusting ultrasonic parameters, magnetic field parameters and laser parameters in real time. And the quality and precision of the microtexture on the surface of the tool are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a laser preparation device, in particular to an adjustment device and method for preparing a micro-textured tool by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field assisted laser. Background Art

[0002] Surface microtexturing technology provides a new development direction for tool metal cutting. Placing microtexture on the tool surface can reduce the wear of the tool surface, achieve the effect of anti-wear and wear reduction, and effectively improve the tool life and workpiece surface quality; the microtexture on the tool surface can improve the tool cutting performance in the process of processing metal materials, increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the tool-chip contact area, reduce the cutting force, and improve the quality of the processed surface. Therefore, microtextured tools can be widely used in the processing of difficult-to-process materials, especially for the processing of titanium alloy materials; currently, a large number of researchers have applied microtextured tools to the processing of titanium alloy materials, and proved that microtextured tools can effectively improve the processing quality of titanium alloy materials. The technologies currently used for tool surface microtexturing include laser processing, ion beam processing, electrospark processing, surface shot peening, etc.; among them, laser processing has the advantages of high precision, high efficiency, concentrated energy, clean and environmentally friendly, and is the most widely used in microtexturing processing technology. However, laser processing of microtextures can cause defects on the texture surface due to the large temperature gradient in the processing area, affecting the cutting performance of the microtexture tool. It can also cause poor surface morphology of the microtexture due to the condensation accumulation of the molten material around the microtexture, which in turn affects the anti-wear and wear-reducing effect of the microtexture and is not conducive to the bonding between the microtexture tool surface and the coating. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides an adjustment device and method for multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field assisted laser preparation of micro-texture tools. The present invention introduces the method of multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field to assist laser processing of micro-textures. By designing an adjustable device for multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and magnetic field assisted laser preparation of micro-textures on the surfaces of various tools, the quality and accuracy of the micro-texture on the tool surface are improved by real-time adjustment of ultrasonic parameters, magnetic field parameters and laser parameters.

[0004] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an adjustable device for preparing micro-textured cutting tools by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field assisted laser, comprising:

[0005] The tool positioning module is equipped with multiple electromagnet positioning elements to fix the tool and mark the area where the tool is located, and provide a laser processing area;

[0006] A multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration system, connected to the tool positioning module, for providing multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration around the tool;

[0007] A laser, comprising a laser transmitter, a plurality of laser preparation image acquisition devices and an optical guide instrument, wherein the plurality of laser preparation image acquisition devices and the optical guide instrument are installed around the laser transmitter, the laser transmitter is used to perform laser processing in the laser processing area provided by the plurality of electromagnet positioning elements, and the plurality of laser preparation image acquisition devices and the optical guide instrument are used to collect tool images and to send optical guide signals;

[0008] Laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-computer interaction module to achieve human-computer interactive adjustment;

[0009] The laser preparation focal length and angle monitoring module includes a camera sensor, which is used to capture the light emitted by the laser preparation image acquisition device and the optical guide instrument, and transmit signals to the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-computer interaction module to obtain the position information of the tool positioning module, wherein the position information is used to determine whether the tool positioning module is perpendicular to the laser emitter, and when not perpendicular, to obtain the angle formed by the tool positioning module and the laser emitter; the camera sensor is also used to obtain the distance between the tool positioning module and the laser emitter, and the distance is used to control the laser emitter to move to a corresponding height;

[0010] The laser preparation area monitoring and adjustment module includes an infrared industrial camera, which is used to monitor the laser melting morphology and the laser melting surface temperature distribution during the laser processing and send out a feedback signal, which is used to adjust the parameters of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration system, the position of the laser emitter, and the magnetic force of the electromagnet positioning element.

[0011] The tool positioning module comprises a tool positioning block, a tool positioning base, and a tool clamping mechanism; the tool positioning block is installed with a tool and the plurality of electromagnet positioning elements; the tool positioning block is installed on the tool positioning base, and the tool positioning block can move along the X direction on the tool positioning base; the tool clamping mechanism is located above the tool positioning base, and the upper part of the tool positioning block is located in the clamping hole of the tool clamping mechanism, so that the tool clamping mechanism can clamp the tool.

[0012] The end surface of the tool positioning block is provided with a plurality of positioning block inner holes for installing the plurality of electromagnet positioning elements; the two side surfaces extending along the X direction of the tool positioning block are provided with positioning block horizontal grooves, and the two side surfaces extending along the X direction are provided with positioning block vertical grooves; the two surfaces extending along the Y direction of the tool positioning block are also provided with positioning block threaded holes extending through along the X direction; the end of the electromagnet positioning element is provided with a positioning element indicator light;

[0013] The tool positioning base is provided with a long slot along the X direction, the long slot is provided with a base screw motor, the base screw motor is installed with a base screw, the base screw is passed through the positioning block threaded hole, and is driven by the base screw motor to move the tool positioning block along the X direction.

[0014] The tool clamping mechanism includes support frames located at both ends, wherein the support frames can be connected to the lifting threaded rods of the lifting platform through the lifting threaded holes provided on the support frames to achieve lifting in the Z direction; the support frames on both sides are respectively connected with different numbers of support push rod motors, wherein the support push rod motor on one side is actively adjusted, and the support push rod motor on the other side is driven to make the tool clamping mechanism tilted at a certain angle; the support push rod motors on both sides are connected to the clamping structure support frame, and multiple layers of clamping screw motors are installed on both sides of the interior of the clamping structure support frame, and the clamping screw motors corresponding to each other are installed with clamping screws, and the two clamping screws on the same layer are threadedly connected with tool clamping units on both sides, and the clamping screw motor can drive the tool clamping units on both sides to clamp the tool; the inner wall of the tool clamping unit is installed with multiple A magnetic spring needle, the magnetic spring needle comprises a magnetic spring needle connector, one end of the magnetic spring needle connector extends into a groove on the inner wall of a tool clamping unit, and the end sleeve is provided with a magnetic spring needle terminal slider, an electromagnet power supply is installed inside the magnetic spring needle terminal slider, and the magnetic spring needle terminal slider is fixedly connected to the tool clamping unit; a magnetic spring needle electromagnet is installed at the other end of the magnetic spring needle connector, and a magnetic spring needle spring element is sleeved in the middle, and the magnetic spring needle spring element is stopped by the magnetic spring needle electromagnet and the magnetic spring needle terminal slider at both ends to achieve extension and retraction; a magnetic spring needle spherical fixing head is provided on the outside of the magnetic spring needle electromagnet, and the magnetic spring needle spherical fixing head can be contacted by a tool and clamp the tool; the magnetic spring needle spherical fixing head is also provided with a magnetic spring needle indicator light to indicate that power is on.

[0015] The multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration system includes a vertical ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module and a horizontal ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module;

[0016] The vertical ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module comprises a vertical ultrasonic vibration system and a vertical angle adjustment system. The vertical ultrasonic vibration system is arranged at the upper end of the vertical angle adjustment system. The vertical ultrasonic vibration system is used to generate ultrasonic vibration in the vertical direction. The vertical angle adjustment system is used to adjust the inclination angle of the vertical ultrasonic vibration system to achieve ultrasonic vibration at different angles.

[0017] The horizontal ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module includes a horizontal ultrasonic vibration module and a horizontal angle adjustment system. The horizontal angle adjustment system is arranged on one side of the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module. The horizontal ultrasonic vibration module is used to generate ultrasonic vibration in the horizontal direction. The horizontal angle adjustment system is used to adjust the angle of the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module to achieve ultrasonic vibration at different angles.

[0018] The vertical ultrasonic vibration system includes a vertical ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument, and a magnet control module. The vertical ultrasonic generator is used to generate ultrasonic vibration and amplify the vibration. The ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument is used to measure the amplitude and frequency of the ultrasonic vibration and determine the ultrasonic vibration waveform. The magnet control module controls the magnet adsorption capacity.

[0019] The vertical angle adjustment system includes a pneumatic push rod motor, a spherical push rod, and a spherical rotating pair. The pneumatic push rod motor is driven and connected to the spherical push rod. The spherical rotating pair is installed on the end of the spherical push rod and is connected to the base plate of the vertical ultrasonic vibration system to adjust the inclination angle of the vertical ultrasonic vibration system; it also includes an angle controller and an angle measuring instrument. The angle controller forms an electrical signal of the angle to be adjusted and transmits it to the angle measuring instrument. After receiving the signal, the angle measuring instrument measures the heights of different spherical push rods.

[0020] The horizontal ultrasonic vibration module includes a horizontal ultrasonic generator, a horizontal ultrasonic control module, a horizontal magnet control module, a horizontal ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument, and an ultrasonic data transmission device. The horizontal ultrasonic generator is used to generate ultrasonic vibration and amplify the vibration. The horizontal ultrasonic control module is used to transmit the control signal of the ultrasonic vibration, receive the ultrasonic vibration electrical signal, and enable the horizontal ultrasonic generator to convert the electrical signal into mechanical vibration. The horizontal magnet control module is used to control the magnet adsorption capacity. The horizontal ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument is used to measure the amplitude and frequency of the vibration and determine the ultrasonic vibration waveform. The ultrasonic data transmission device is used to transmit ultrasonic data.

[0021] The horizontal angle adjustment system includes: a spherical push rod motor is installed at the bottom of the horizontal ultrasonic generator, the spherical push rod motor is matched with a spherical pair and connected to the horizontal ultrasonic generator, and the spherical push rod motor controls different angles of the horizontal ultrasonic generator; the spherical push rod motor is connected to a horizontal ultrasonic vibration base, the side of the horizontal ultrasonic vibration base is provided with a horizontal ultrasonic vibration guide groove extending along the Z direction, and the horizontal ultrasonic vibration base is provided with a threaded hole extending along the Z direction; it also includes a lifting platform, the lifting platform includes a lifting stepping motor, a lifting threaded rod, and a guide convex strip; the lifting stepping motor drives the lifting threaded rod to lift and lower; the guide convex strip cooperates with the horizontal ultrasonic vibration guide groove, and the lifting threaded rod cooperates with the threaded hole to control the horizontal height of the horizontal ultrasonic generator.

[0022] The laser also includes a laser lifting device, and the laser transmitter is installed on the laser lifting device to achieve the lifting of the laser transmitter; and also includes a laser energy storage box for providing electrical energy to the laser transmitter.

[0023] A method for adjusting a tool for preparing micro-textures by laser assisted by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field, comprising tool positioning and clamping steps;

[0024] The tool positioning and clamping steps include:

[0025] Step 101, periodically initializing the clamping device;

[0026] Step 102, receiving the tool, wherein the tool is placed at the center of the tool positioning block;

[0027] Step 103, determining whether the tool is located at the center of the tool positioning block, if so, proceeding to step 104, if not, proceeding to step 102;

[0028] Step 104, determining the shape and position of the cutting edge of the tool;

[0029] Step 105, launching a plurality of electromagnet positioning elements to surround the cutting edge of the tool;

[0030] Step 106, determining whether there is an inner hole in the center of the tool, if so, proceeding to step 107, if not, proceeding to step 108;

[0031] Step 107, pushing out the electromagnet positioning element through the center inner hole of the tool;

[0032] Step 108, pushing out the electromagnet positioning element through the other end surface of the tool;

[0033] Step 109, controlling the positioning element indicator light of the ejected electromagnet positioning element to be powered on and light up, so as to mark the position and contour of the tool;

[0034] Step 110, controlling the positioning element at the lower end of the tool to be magnetically fixed to the tool positioning block;

[0035] Step 111, controlling the tool positioning block to move toward the laser direction;

[0036] Step 112, capturing the area where the positioning element indicator light is located, and determining whether the tool has reached the center position of the laser transmitter, if so, proceeding to step 113, if not, proceeding to step 111;

[0037] Step 113, controlling the tool positioning block to stop;

[0038] Step 114, determining the tool height;

[0039] Step 115, pushing out the magnetic spring pin of the tool clamping unit at a corresponding height;

[0040] Step 116, pushing out the tool clamping unit at a corresponding height, so that the magnetic spring pin clamps the tool and then energizes the magnet to clamp the tool;

[0041] Step 117, controlling the magnetic spring needle indicator light of the magnetic spring needle to be powered on, and displaying the contour area of ​​the clamped tool;

[0042] Step 118, checking whether the contour area of ​​the clamped tool is consistent with the contour area displayed in step 109, if yes, proceed to step 119, if not, proceed to step 104;

[0043] Step 119: Positioning and clamping are completed.

[0044] A method for adjusting a cutting tool for preparing micro-texture by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field assisted laser, comprising a texture preparation step;

[0045] The texture preparation step comprises:

[0046] Step 201, confirming the geometric shape and size of the texture preparation, and determining whether the tool positioning base needs to be adjusted in angle, if so, proceeding to step 202, if not, proceeding to step 205;

[0047] Step 202, transmitting a signal to the vertical angle adjustment system to obtain the angle that the tool positioning base needs to be adjusted;

[0048] Step 203, controlling the angle controller to transmit a signal to the angle measuring instrument, and adjusting the height arrangement of the spherical push rod in the vertical direction to a corresponding angle;

[0049] Step 204, after the vertical angle is adjusted, the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module and the tool clamping mechanism are controlled to be adjusted to a direction horizontal to the tool positioning base;

[0050] Step 205, adjusting ultrasonic vibration parameters in three directions through laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-computer interaction module;

[0051] Step 206, adjusting the laser parameters through the ultrasonic vibration parameters and the power supply parameters of the multi-directional electromagnet of the tool positioning module;

[0052] Step 207, controlling the camera sensor to capture the light projected by the laser preparation image acquisition device and the optical guide instrument, determining whether the laser emitter and the tool are perpendicular, and if not perpendicular, determining the angle formed;

[0053] Step 208, controlling the camera sensor to measure the light length of the laser preparation image acquisition device and the optical guide instrument, calculating the laser focal length and the energy absorption rate of the tool surface, and adjusting the laser lifting platform to make the laser transmitter reach the specified height;

[0054] Step 209, start the ultrasonic generators in three directions, including the vertical ultrasonic generator and the horizontal ultrasonic generator, measure the vibration waveforms in the three directions by an ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument, and form a three-dimensional vibration model in the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-computer interaction module;

[0055] Step 210, after adjusting to a suitable vibration model, start the laser transmitter, and observe the laser melting morphology and surface temperature distribution through an infrared industrial camera;

[0056] Step 211, according to the observation results of the melting morphology and temperature distribution in the laser preparation area, the variable liquid gasket and the spring vibration absorber are adjusted through the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-computer interaction module, and the ultrasonic amplitude and frequency are adjusted in real time;

[0057] Step 212, based on the observation results of the melting morphology and temperature distribution of the laser-prepared area and the fixation of the tool under ultrasonic vibration, determine whether it is necessary to fine-tune the magnetic force of the electromagnet positioning element, if so, proceed to step 213, if not, proceed to step 214;

[0058] Step 213, calculating the amount of current flowing into the electromagnet positioning element required for fine adjustment, and changing the amount of current flowing into the electromagnet positioning element to fine-tune the magnetic force;

[0059] Step 214, adjusting the ultrasonic amplitude and frequency to improve the melting morphology and temperature distribution in the laser preparation area, and determining whether the laser focal length needs to be adjusted;

[0060] Step 215, while adjusting the ultrasonic amplitude and frequency to improve the melting morphology and temperature distribution in the laser preparation area, determine whether it is necessary to fine-tune the laser focal length, if so, proceed to step 216, if not, proceed to step 217;

[0061] Step 216, calculate the laser focal length that needs to be fine-tuned, and repeat step 208;

[0062] Step 217, after the laser preparation is completed and the laser transmitter stops working, the ultrasonic generator is turned off, the electromagnet of the tool clamping mechanism stops energizing, the magnetic spring needle is retracted, the electromagnet positioning element at the bottom of the tool stops energizing, the multiple electromagnet positioning elements surrounding the tool edge are retracted, the tool is taken out, and the system operation is completed.

[0063] In summary, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0064] The present invention realizes multi-angle adjustment of the ultrasonic vibration device and multi-angle laser preparation of microtextures on the basis of multi-directional ultrasonic vibration, thereby improving the flexibility of ultrasonic vibration and texture preparation; at the same time, the innovative connecting parts also avoid multiple assembly and disassembly of the ultrasonic generator and the laser processing platform, saving time and cost.

[0065] The present invention realizes the rapid adjustment of the amplitude and frequency of ultrasonic vibration by adjusting the volume and physical properties of the damping element on the basis of realizing multi-directional and multi-angle ultrasonic vibration-assisted laser preparation of surface microtextures; improves the flexibility and adjustability of the ultrasonic vibration system-assisted process, and also improves the timeliness of ultrasonic adjustment in the laser preparation process.

[0066] The present invention can quickly determine the position of the tool before laser preparation of microtexture on the tool surface, and calibrate the tool position; automatically locate to the laser processing area, accurately determine the microtexture preparation area, the distance between the microtexture and the edge of the preparation area, and the distance between the microtexture and the blade. The external clamping mechanisms on both sides can flexibly clamp a variety of tools, saving clamping time and avoiding interference from ultrasonic vibrations that affect the clamping quality; at the same time, the electromagnet of the clamping mechanism can be adjusted to increase the clamping force, introducing a flexibly distributed and adjustable magnetic field to assist laser processing in the system, improving the stability of the device, and avoiding the accumulation of melt on the microtexture surface through the action of the magnetic field and ultrasonic vibration, promoting the discharge of surface splashes during laser processing, and improving the surface quality of the microtexture.

[0067] The present invention can observe the ablation process and temperature distribution of the metal surface during laser processing, and feedback-adjust the laser focal length, ultrasonic vibration parameters, and magnetic field parameters, thereby improving the self-feedback adjustment capability of ultrasonic vibration and magnetic field-assisted laser processing, and improving the laser processing efficiency and micro-texture preparation quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a tool positioning and clamping module of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the tool positioning block of the present invention positioning the ball-end milling cutter blade;

[0071] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnet positioning element of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the tool positioning block and the base of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the tool clamping structure of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic spring needle of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module of the present invention;

[0076] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical ultrasonic vibration system of the present invention;

[0077] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of an ultrasonic generator of the present invention;

[0078] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of a damping element connector of the present invention;

[0079] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal ultrasonic vibration module of the present invention;

[0080] Fig.13 is a schematic diagram of a lifting platform of the present invention;

[0081] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of a laser of the present invention;

[0082] Fig.15 is the rear side viewing angle of the laser of the present invention;

[0083] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the laser and ultrasonic magnetic field human-machine interaction module of the present invention;

[0084] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the laser preparation focal length and angle monitoring module of the present invention;

[0085] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the laser preparation area monitoring and adjustment module of the present invention;

[0086] Fig.19 It is a flow chart of tool positioning and clamping steps;

[0087] Fig. 20 It is a flow chart of the texture preparation steps. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0088] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0089] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by the patent law.

[0090] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0091] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0092] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0093] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0094] Example:

[0095] The invention discloses an adjustable device for preparing micro-texture cutting tools by laser assisted by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field, namely, an adjusting device and method for preparing micro-texture cutting tools by laser based on ultrasound and magnetic field.

[0096] The poor microtexture morphology caused by temperature gradient and melt condensation accumulation during laser processing of microtextures affects the anti-wear and friction reduction effect and the bonding strength of the coating. The present invention proposes an adjustable device for multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field assisted laser preparation of microtexture tools, which is used to improve the microtexture morphology characteristics, promote the discharge of melt around the microtexture during the laser preparation process, and refine the microstructure.

[0097] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an adjustable device for preparing micro-textured cutting tools by laser assisted by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field, comprising a cutting tool positioning module 1, equipped with a plurality of electromagnet positioning elements 1.1.3, for fixing the cutting tool and marking the area where the cutting tool is located, and providing a laser processing area;

[0098] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the tool positioning module 1 includes a tool positioning block 1.1, a tool positioning base 1.2, and a tool clamping mechanism 1.3. The tool positioning block 1.1 is installed with a tool and a plurality of electromagnet positioning elements 1.1.3; the tool positioning block 1.1 is installed on the tool positioning base 1.2, and the tool positioning block 1.1 can move along the X direction on the tool positioning base 1.2; the tool clamping mechanism 1.3 is located above the tool positioning base 1.2, and the upper part of the tool positioning block 1.1 is located in the clamping hole of the tool clamping mechanism 1.3, so that the tool clamping mechanism 1.3 can clamp the tool.

[0099] Specifically, Figure 3As shown, the end surface of the tool positioning block 1.1 is provided with a plurality of positioning block inner holes 1.1.2 for installing a plurality of electromagnet positioning elements 1.1.3; the two side surfaces extending along the X direction of the tool positioning block 1.1 are provided with positioning block horizontal grooves 1.1.5, and the two side surfaces extending along the X direction are provided with positioning block vertical grooves 1.1.4; the tool positioning block 1.1 is also provided with positioning block threaded holes 1.1.6 extending through along the X direction on the two surfaces extending along the Y direction;

[0100] like Figure 4 As shown, the end of the electromagnetic positioning element 1.1.3 is equipped with a positioning element indicator light 1.1.3.1, and also includes a positioning element electromagnetic coil 1.1.3.2 and a positioning element slider 1.1.3.3 (with a built-in electromagnetic power supply).

[0101] like Figure 5 As shown, the tool positioning base 1.2 is provided with a long slot along the X direction, the long slot is provided with a base screw motor 1.2.1, the base screw motor 1.2.1 is installed with a base screw 1.2.2, the base screw 1.2.2 is passed through the positioning block threaded hole 1.1.6, and is driven by the base screw motor 1.2.1, so that the tool positioning block 1.1 moves along the X direction.

[0102] like Figure 6 As shown, the tool clamping mechanism 1.3 includes support frames 1.3.6 located at both ends, wherein the support frames 1.3.6 can be connected to the lifting threaded rods 4.5 of the lifting platform 4 through the lifting threaded holes 1.3.7 provided therein to achieve lifting in the Z direction; the support frames 1.3.6 on both sides are respectively connected with different numbers of support push rod motors 1.3.10, wherein the support push rod motor 1.3.10 on one side is actively adjusted, and the support push rod motor 1.3.10 on the other side is driven, so that the tool clamping mechanism 1.3 is tilted at a certain angle; the two support frames 1.3.6 are connected to the lifting threaded rods 4.5 of the lifting platform 4 through the lifting threaded holes 1.3.7 provided therein to achieve lifting in the Z direction; different numbers of support push rod motors 1.3.10 are respectively connected to the support push rod motors 1.3.10 on one side, and the support push rod motor 1.3.10 on the other side is driven, so that the tool clamping mechanism 1.3 is tilted at a certain angle; The supporting push rod motors 1.3.10 on the side are all connected to the clamping structure support frame 1.3.1. The clamping structure support frame 1.3.1 is a square frame structure. Both sides of the inside of the clamping structure support frame 1.3.1 are installed with multi-layer clamping screw motors 1.3.2. The clamping screw motors 1.3.2 corresponding to each other are installed with clamping screws 1.3.3. The two clamping screws 1.3.3 on the same layer are threadedly connected with tool clamping units 1.3.4 on both sides. The clamping screw motors 1.3.2 can drive the tool clamping units 1.3.4 on both sides to clamp the tool;

[0103] In this embodiment, the number of supporting push rod motors 1.3.10 on one side is 5, and the number on the other side is 2.

[0104] The support frame 1.3.6 is also provided with a directional groove 1.3.8 for connecting with the guide ridge 4.6 of the lifting platform 4 to achieve lifting and lowering guidance in the Z direction.

[0105] like Figure 7 As shown, the inner wall of the tool clamping unit 1.3.4 is installed with a plurality of magnetic spring needles 1.3.5, and the magnetic spring needle 1.3.5 includes a magnetic spring needle connector 1.3.5.4, one end of the magnetic spring needle connector 1.3.5.4 extends into the groove of the inner wall of the tool clamping unit 1.3.4, and the end sleeve is provided with a magnetic spring needle end slider 1.3.5.5, and the magnetic spring needle end slider 1.3.5.5 is internally installed with an electromagnet power supply, and the magnetic spring needle end slider 1.3.5.5 is fixedly connected to the tool clamping unit 1.3.4; the other end of the magnetic spring needle connector 1.3.5.4 is installed with a magnetic spring A spring needle electromagnet 1.3.5.2 is provided with a magnetic spring needle spring element 1.3.5.1 in the middle, and the magnetic spring needle spring element 1.3.5.1 is stopped by the magnetic spring needle electromagnets 1.3.5.2 and the magnetic spring needle end slider 1.3.5.5 at both ends to achieve extension and retraction; a magnetic spring needle spherical fixing head 1.3.5.3 is provided on the outside of the magnetic spring needle electromagnet 1.3.5.2, and the magnetic spring needle spherical fixing head 1.3.5.3 can contact and clamp the tool; the magnetic spring needle spherical fixing head 1.3.5.3 is also equipped with a magnetic spring needle indicator light 1.3.5.6 to indicate that power is on.

[0106] The working principle of tool positioning module 1 is as follows:

[0107] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7Taking the positioning of the ball end milling cutter blade 1.1.1 as an example, the ball end milling cutter blade 1.1.1 is placed at the center of the tool positioning block 1.1, and the inner hole 1.1.2 of the positioning block is equipped with an electromagnetic positioning element 1.1.3, and the inner hole 1.1.2 of the positioning block is equipped with a push rod motor. By controlling the push rod motor, the electromagnetic positioning elements 1.1.3 around the arc edge are first pushed out and arranged around the arc edge of the ball end milling cutter blade 1.1.1, and then the central electromagnetic positioning element 1.1.3 is pushed out through the ball end milling cutter blade 1.1. 1 middle hole, and finally an electromagnet positioning element 1.1.3 is pushed out from the upper end of the ball-end milling cutter blade 1.1.1 to realize the complete positioning of the ball-end milling cutter blade 1.1.1; then, through the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-machine interaction module 6, the positioning element electromagnet coil 1.1.3.2 in the electromagnet positioning element 1.1.3 located at the lower end of the ball-end milling cutter blade 1.1.1 is controlled to be magnetized, and the tool is fixed on the tool positioning block 1.1, so as to facilitate the tool and the tool positioning block 1.1 to be transferred to the center of the laser transmitter 5.5. The tool positioning block 1.1 is fixed to the tool positioning base 1.2, and the tool positioning base 1.2 is connected to the base screw 1.2.2 through the base screw motor 1.2.1, wherein the base screw 1.2.2 is connected to the positioning block threaded hole 1.1.6, and is connected and oriented through the directional convex groove 1.2.3 of the tool positioning base 1.2 and the horizontal groove 1.1.5 of the positioning block, so that the tool positioning block moves along the x-axis.

[0108] After the tool is fixed on the positioning block, the upper positioning element indicator light 1.1.3.1 of the pushed-out electromagnet positioning element 1.1.3 is powered on through the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-machine interaction module 6, and the base screw motor 1.2.1 drives the base screw 1.2.2 to rotate, so that the tool positioning block 1.1 moves as a whole, and the laser preparation image acquisition and optical guide instrument 5.6 evenly distributed on the upper end of the laser 5 captures the light spot of the upper positioning element indicator light 1.1.3.1 of the electromagnet positioning element 1.1.3 distributed on the positioning block. When the tool positioning block 1.1 reaches the center area of ​​the laser, the laser preparation image acquisition and optical guide instrument 5.6 transmits a signal to the base screw motor 1.2.1 of the tool positioning base 1.2, so that the base screw motor 1.2.1 stops driving the base screw 1.2.2, and the tool positioning block 1.1 and the ball-end milling cutter blade 1.1.1 reach the center of the laser preparation area. At the same time, the laser preparation image acquisition and optical guide instrument 5.6 collects the light spot distribution of the upper positioning element indicator light 1.1.3.1 of the electromagnet positioning element 1.1.3 distributed on the positioning block, determines the area where the ball head milling cutter blade 1.1.1 is located, and then the specific position of the blade area can be judged. In the later micro-texture preparation, the distance between the micro-texture and the blade can be adjusted in the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-computer interaction module 6.

[0109] The ends of both sides of the tool clamping mechanism 1.3 are support frames 1.3.6, which are connected to the lifting threaded rod 4.5 of the lifting platform 4 through the lifting threaded holes 1.3.7, and the support frames 1.3.6 are connected to the guide convex strips 4.6 of the lifting platform through the directional grooves 1.3.8. The support frames move along the z direction on the lifting platform, and the joint movement of the support frames on both sides keeps the tool clamping mechanism 1.3 in a horizontal state. The support frame on one side connects the support push rod motor 1.3.9 with screws, and the support ball push rod 1.3.10 is connected to the support push rod motor 1.3.9 with bolts inside. The support ball push rod 1.3.10 cooperates with the support ball pair 1.3.11, and the support ball pair 1.3.11 is connected to the clamping structure support frame 1.3.1 by screws. The connection method of the support frame on the other side is similar. The difference between the two sides is that there are two rows of 5 supporting push rod motors. When the clamping structure needs to be tilted at a certain angle, one side of the row of 5 supporting push rod motors actively adjusts the push rod motor, and the other side of the two push rod motors cooperate to make the clamping structure tilt to the required angle. Two rows of 4 clamping screw motors 1.3.2 are connected by screws on both sides of the clamping structure support frame 1.3.1. The clamping screw motor 1.3.2 is connected to the clamping screw 1.3.3, and the tool clamping unit 1.3.4 is connected to the screw through the threaded holes on both sides. Two screw motors are connected to the bottom of the clamping structure. The screw is connected to the motor and connected to the threaded hole, and a positioning block fixing element 1.3.12 is installed. The positioning block fixing element 1.3.12 is connected to the tool positioning block 1.1 through the positioning block vertical groove 1.1.4. During the positioning process, the tool positioning base screw motor 1.2.2 is used to move the positioning block fixing element 1.3.12 with the tool positioning block 1.1, and is used to fix the tool positioning block 1.1, so that the clamping structure is connected to the positioning module. A magnetic spring needle 1.3.5 is installed in the groove of the tool clamping unit 1.3.4, and is connected to the end slider 1.3.5.5 of the magnetic spring needle 1.3.5 through the push rod motor inside the tool clamping unit 1.3.4 by bolts. When the tool is positioned, the push rod motor pushes the magnetic spring needle 1.3.5 out of the tool clamping unit 1.3.4, and it moves toward the middle with the rotation of the clamping screws 1.3.3 on both sides until the magnetic spring needle contacts the tool and the magnetic spring needle spring element 1.3.5.1 shrinks. The magnetic spring pin connector 1.3.5.4 is connected to the magnetic spring pin electromagnet 1.3.5.2 by screws, and its rear end passes through the inner hole of the end slider to compress the magnetic spring pin, thereby clamping the tool. After the magnetic spring pin electromagnet is energized after clamping, the magnetic spring pin spherical fixing head 1.3.5.3 acts as an electromagnet armature to contact the tool, further clamping the tool, and also introduces a magnetic field to provide assistance for later laser processing.After clamping, the magnetic spring needle indicator light 1.3.5.6 is powered on, and the laser preparation image acquisition and optical guide instrument 5.6 collects the distribution of the magnetic spring needle indicator lights. The specific area of ​​the clamped tool is calculated through the relevant information of the indicator light distance deviation, and compared with the laser preparation area obtained by the previous tool positioning. After the comparison is correct, the clamping process is completed.

[0110] The tool clamping mechanism of the present invention includes multiple screw motors (14 in this embodiment), 6 tool clamping units and positioning block moving elements connected thereto through threaded holes, and magnetic spring needles are distributed in the tool clamping unit; the tool clamping mechanism is connected to the spherical pair through a spherical push rod motor, and the spherical push rod motor is connected to the support frame through screws, and is supported by the support frame connected to the lifting platform on both sides; thereby realizing the positioning and flexible clamping of various types of tools, and determining the edge of the laser preparation area; at the same time, an adjustable magnetic field is introduced to realize the magnetic suction clamping of the tool and assist the laser preparation process.

[0111] The present invention also includes a multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration system connected to the tool positioning module 1, for providing multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration around the tool;

[0112] Specifically, the multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration system includes a vertical ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module 2 and a horizontal ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module 3;

[0113] like Figure 8 As shown, the vertical ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module 2 includes a vertical ultrasonic vibration system 2.1 and a vertical angle adjustment system 2.2. The vertical ultrasonic vibration system 2.1 is arranged at the upper end of the vertical angle adjustment system 2.2. The vertical ultrasonic vibration system 2.1 is used to generate ultrasonic vibration in the vertical direction. The vertical angle adjustment system 2.2 is used to adjust the inclination angle of the vertical ultrasonic vibration system 2.1 to achieve ultrasonic vibration at different angles.

[0114] like Fig. 9 As shown, the vertical ultrasonic vibration system 2.1 includes a vertical ultrasonic generator 2.1.1, an ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument 2.1.2, and a magnet control module 2.1.3. The vertical ultrasonic generator 2.1.1 is used to generate ultrasonic vibration and amplify the vibration. The ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument 2.1.2 is used to measure the amplitude and frequency of the ultrasonic vibration and determine the ultrasonic vibration waveform. The magnet control module 2.1.3 adjusts the connection strength between the vertical ultrasonic generator and the tool positioning base by controlling the magnet adsorption capacity.

[0115] It also includes a bottom plate 2.1.4 and a measuring instrument connecting plate 2.1.5, on which the vertical ultrasonic generator 2.1.1, the ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument 2.1.2 and the measuring instrument connecting plate 2.1.5 are all installed. The vertical ultrasonic generators 2.1.1 are connected by a magnet control module 2.1.3.

[0116] The ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument 2.1.2 comprises a laser measuring device 2.1.2.1, an ultrasonic data transmission device 2.1.2.2, and an ultrasonic vibration control unit 2.1.2.3. The ultrasonic vibration control unit 2.1.2.3 is connected to the vertical ultrasonic generator 2.1.1, and the ultrasonic data transmission device 2.1.2.2 is installed on the bottom plate 2.1.4.

[0117] The vertical ultrasonic generator is connected to the base plate by screws, the transmission line of the magnet control module is connected to the hole of the upper electromagnet of the vertical ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument and the measuring instrument connecting plate are integrated and connected to the base plate by bolts, the spherical rotating pair is connected to the base plate by screws, the pneumatic push rod motor is connected to the spherical push rod by bolts, the pneumatic push rod motor is connected to the angle controller by small screws, and the pneumatic push rod motor is connected by screws and nailed to the base plate of the vertical angle adjustment system; thereby realizing vertical ultrasonic vibration, monitoring and real-time rapid adjustment of ultrasonic vibration, control of the magnetic force of the electromagnetic connecting parts, and adjustment and monitoring of the laser-prepared texture angle.

[0118] like Fig.10 As shown, the vertical ultrasonic generator 2.1.1 includes an ultrasonic transducer 2.1.1.1, an ultrasonic horn 2.1.1.2, a spring absorber 2.1.1.3, an element connector 2.1.1.4, an electrorheological fluid gasket 2.1.1.5, an electromagnet connector 2.1.1.6, and an electrorheological fluid gasket control valve 2.1.1.7. The ultrasonic horn 2.1.1.2, the spring absorber 2.1.1.3, and the element connector 2.1.1.4 are installed on the ultrasonic transducer 2.1.1.1 from bottom to top, the electrorheological fluid gasket 2.1.1.5 is installed on the element connector 2.1.1.4, and the electromagnet connector 2.1.1.6 and the electrorheological fluid gasket control valve 2.1.1.7 are installed on the electrorheological fluid gasket 2.1.1.5.

[0119] like Fig.11 As shown, the component connector 2.1.1.4 includes a push rod motor 2.1.1.4.1 for vertically fixing the washer, a push rod motor 2.1.1.4.2 for vertically fixing the spring vibration absorber, and an intermediate baffle 2.1.1.4.3.

[0120] The ultrasonic transducer is connected to the ultrasonic amplitude transformer by screws, the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is connected to the electromagnet connector by bolts, the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is connected to the spring vibration absorber by screws, the spring vibration absorber and the electrorheological fluid gasket are connected through the middle element connector to control the range of ultrasonic vibration regulation of the two damping elements through the extension and contraction of the push rod motors on both sides; thereby realizing the rapid adjustment of ultrasonic vibration, frequency and amplitude in vertical and horizontal directions, and the adsorption connection of the electromagnet to the tool positioning and clamping module.

[0121] like Figure 8 As shown, the vertical angle adjustment system 2.2 includes a pneumatic push rod motor 2.2.4, a spherical push rod 2.2.2, and a spherical rotation pair 2.2.1. The pneumatic push rod motor 2.2.4 is connected to the spherical push rod 2.2.2 by driving. The spherical rotation pair 2.2.1 is installed at the end of the spherical push rod 2.2.2 and connected to the bottom plate 2.1.4 of the vertical ultrasonic vibration system 2.1 to adjust the tilt angle of the vertical ultrasonic vibration system 2.1. It also includes an angle controller 2.2.5 and an angle measuring instrument 2.2.3. The angle controller 2.2.5 forms an electrical signal of the angle to be adjusted and transmits it to the angle measuring instrument 2.2.3. After receiving the signal, the angle measuring instrument 2.2.3 measures the height of different spherical push rods 2.2.2. It also includes a bottom plate 2.2.6 of the vertical angle adjustment system.

[0122] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown, the working principle of the vertical ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module 2 is as follows:

[0123] The ultrasonic transducer 2.1.1.1 in the vertical ultrasonic generator 2.1.1 performs ultrasonic vibration after being energized by the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-machine interaction module 6, and then amplifies the vibration through the ultrasonic amplitude transformer 2.1.1.2. The upper end electromagnet connector 2.1.1.6 controls the magnet adsorption capacity through the magnet control module 2.1.3, connects the vertical ultrasonic vibration system 2.1 with the tool positioning base 1.2, and then transmits the ultrasonic vibration to the tool positioning and clamping module, thereby assisting laser processing. During the ultrasonic vibration process, the ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument 2.1.2 measures the amplitude and frequency of the ultrasonic vibration through the laser measuring device 2.1.2.1 to determine the ultrasonic vibration waveform. The ultrasonic vibration waveform is transmitted to the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-machine interaction module through the ultrasonic data transmission device 2.1.2.2, and then connected to the ultrasonic transducer through the data line and the ultrasonic vibration control unit 2.1.2.3, and a large range of ultrasonic vibration adjustment is achieved through human-machine interaction. At the same time, the electrorheological fluid gasket 2.1.1.5 and the spring absorber 2.1.1.3 between the amplitude change rod 2.1.1.2 and the electromagnet connector are extended by the push rod motors 2.1.1.4.1 and 2.1.1.4.2 on both sides of the element connector 2.1.1.4 as support columns, so that they do not participate in ultrasonic vibration under normal circumstances. When the ultrasonic vibration amplitude needs to be flexibly adjusted in a small range, the spring absorber vertically fixed push rod motor 2.1.1.4.2 shrinks, and the spring absorber participates in adjusting the ultrasonic vibration; when the ultrasonic vibration frequency needs to be flexibly adjusted in a small range, the gasket vertically fixed push rod motor 2.1.1.4.1 shrinks, and the electrorheological fluid gasket control valve 2.1.1.7 changes the gasket stiffness by controlling the size of the current input, thereby adjusting the ultrasonic vibration frequency.

[0124] Four pneumatic push rod motors 2.2.4 are installed in the vertical angle adjustment system. The push rod motor pushes the spherical push rod 2.2.2 up and down. The different spherical push rods are pushed up to different heights to form a certain angle difference, so that the tool positioning and clamping module 1 connected thereto forms different tilt angles, thereby realizing laser preparation of microtextures at different angles. The angle controller 2.2.5 is connected to the vertical angle adjustment system base plate 2.2.6 by bolts, and the angle to be adjusted is formed into an electrical signal and transmitted to the angle measuring instrument 2.2.3. After receiving the signal, the angle measuring instrument connected to the pneumatic push rod motor by bolts measures the height of different spherical push rods until the required angle is reached. After the tool positioning and clamping module forms a certain tilt angle, the horizontal ultrasonic generator 3.1 in the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module 3 is connected to the tool positioning base 1.2 through an electromagnetic connector, and the spherical push rod motor 3.9 is connected to the horizontal ultrasonic vibration base 3.4 through screws. By pushing the spherical push rod connected to it, the spherical pair connected to the horizontal ultrasonic generator 3.1 is rotated a certain angle, and then the horizontal ultrasonic generator is rotated a certain angle with the tool positioning base, thereby realizing three-dimensional ultrasonic vibration of the tool positioning and clamping module at different angles.

[0125] like Fig.12 As shown, the horizontal ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module includes a horizontal ultrasonic vibration module 3 and a horizontal angle adjustment system. The horizontal angle adjustment system is arranged on one side of the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module. The horizontal ultrasonic vibration module is used to generate ultrasonic vibration in the horizontal direction. The horizontal angle adjustment system is used to adjust the angle of the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module to achieve ultrasonic vibrations at different angles.

[0126] like Fig.12 As shown, the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module 3 includes a horizontal ultrasonic generator 3.1, a horizontal ultrasonic control module 3.2, a horizontal magnet control module 3.3, a horizontal ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument 3.7, and an ultrasonic data transmission device 3.8. The horizontal ultrasonic generator 3.1 is used to generate ultrasonic vibration and amplify the vibration. The horizontal ultrasonic control module 3.2 is used to transmit the control signal of the ultrasonic vibration, receive the ultrasonic vibration electrical signal, and enable the horizontal ultrasonic generator 3.1 to convert the electrical signal into mechanical vibration. The horizontal magnet control module 3.3 is used to control the magnet adsorption capacity. The horizontal ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument 3.7 is used to measure the amplitude and frequency of the vibration and determine the ultrasonic vibration waveform. The ultrasonic data transmission device 3.8 is used to transmit ultrasonic data.

[0127] The horizontal angle adjustment system includes: a spherical push rod motor 3.9 is installed at the bottom of the horizontal ultrasonic generator 3.1, the spherical push rod motor 3.9 is matched with a spherical pair 3.10 connected to the horizontal ultrasonic generator 3.1, and the spherical push rod motor 3.9 controls different angles of the horizontal ultrasonic generator 3.1; the spherical push rod motor 3.9 is connected to a horizontal ultrasonic vibration base 3.4, the side of the horizontal ultrasonic vibration base 3.4 is provided with a horizontal ultrasonic vibration guide groove 3.5 extending along the Z direction, and the horizontal ultrasonic vibration base 3.4 is provided with a threaded hole 3.6 extending along the Z direction;

[0128] like Fig.13 As shown, it also includes a lifting platform 4, which includes a lifting stepper motor 4.2, a lifting threaded rod 4.5, and a guide convex strip 4.6; the lifting stepper motor 4.2 drives the lifting threaded rod 4.5 to move up and down; the guide convex strip 4.6 cooperates with the horizontal ultrasonic vibration guide groove 3.5, and the lifting threaded rod 4.5 cooperates with the threaded hole 3.6 to control the horizontal height of the ultrasonic generator 3.1 in the horizontal direction.

[0129] The lifting platform 4 also includes a lifting platform base 4.1, a lifting platform bracket 4.3, a helical gear pair 4.4, and a threaded rod fixing member 4.7.

[0130] The working principle of the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module 3 is as follows:

[0131] like Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, the specific implementation of the horizontal ultrasonic generator 3.1, the horizontal magnet control module 3.3, and the horizontal ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument 3.7 are the same as the vertical ultrasonic vibration system 2.1, and together realize the multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration.

[0132] The lifting stepper motor 4.2 is fixed to the lifting platform base 4.1 by screws. The stepper motor shaft is connected by a key to drive the helical gear. The helical gear and the threaded rod 4.5 are connected by a key to drive. The threaded rod rotates and the horizontal ultrasonic vibration guide groove 3.5 is connected to the directional groove 1.3.8 through the guide convex groove 4.6 to limit its Fig.11 The rotational freedom in the z-axis direction allows the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module 3 and the support frame 1.3.6 to move up and down along the z-axis.

[0133] like Fig.14 and Fig.15As shown, the present invention further comprises a laser 5, including a laser emitter 5.5, a plurality of laser preparation image acquisition devices and an optical guide instrument 5.6, the plurality of laser preparation image acquisition devices and the optical guide instrument 5.6 are installed around the laser emitter 5.5, the laser emitter 5.5 is used to perform laser processing in the laser processing area provided by the plurality of electromagnet positioning elements 1.1.3, and the plurality of laser preparation image acquisition devices and the optical guide instrument 5.6 are used to collect tool images and to send optical guide signals;

[0134] The laser 5 also includes a laser lifting device, and the laser transmitter 5.5 is installed on the laser lifting device to achieve the lifting of the laser transmitter 5.5; it also includes a laser energy storage box 5.4 for providing electrical energy to the laser transmitter 5.5.

[0135] Specifically, the laser lifting device includes a laser base 5.1, a laser guide rail 5.2, a laser lifting platform 5.3, a threaded rod motor 5.7, a lifting platform threaded hole 5.8, a lifting platform connector 5.9, and a threaded rod 5.10. The laser guide rail 5.2 is fixed to the laser base 5.1 by screws; the laser lifting platform 5.3 is placed in the laser guide rail 5.2, and is connected to the threaded rod 5.10 through the lifting platform threaded hole 5.8. The threaded rod 5.10 and the threaded rod motor 5.7 are an integral part. The threaded rod motor is placed at the rear end of the guide rail and fixed by screws, and drives the screw to rotate to move the lifting platform up and down. The lifting platform connector 5.9 is connected to the lifting platform and the laser energy storage box 5.4 by bolts. The laser energy storage box 5.4 provides electrical energy to the laser transmitter 5.5 after receiving the signal from the laser preparation operation module 6.4. The laser transmitter converts the electrical energy into light energy for laser processing. Three laser preparation image acquisition devices and the optical guide 5.6 are connected around the laser emitter 5.5 by bolts, providing the laser preparation focal length and angle monitoring module 7 with light perpendicular to the laser emitter for guidance, while assisting the laser preparation operation module 6.4 to acquire the tool surface image and verify the positioning and clamping position coordinates.

[0136] like Fig.16 As shown, the present invention also includes a laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-machine interaction module 6 to achieve human-machine interactive adjustment;

[0137] Specifically, the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-machine interaction module 6 includes an ultrasonic vibration human-machine operation module 6.1, an ultrasonic generator spring and variable liquid damping operation module 6.2, an apparatus electromagnet operation module 6.3, a laser preparation operation module 6.4, a signal transmission interaction device 6.5, and a laser preparation process and temperature distribution observation area 6.6.

[0138] The ultrasonic vibration human-machine operation module 6.1 is used for workers to operate the ultrasonic generator and observe the ultrasonic three-dimensional vibration model and the state of the ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic generator spring and variable liquid damping operation module 6.2 adjusts the amplitude and frequency of the ultrasonic vibration in real time. The device electromagnet operation module 6.3 is used to control the power supply of the electromagnet in the device and adjust the magnetic force of the electromagnet in the device. The laser preparation operation module 6.4 is used to collect the tool surface image, check the positioning and clamping position coordinates, the signal transmission interaction device 6.5 is used for signal transmission, and the laser preparation process and temperature distribution observation area 6.6 is used to observe the temperature distribution.

[0139] like Fig.17 As shown, the present invention also includes a laser preparation focal length and angle monitoring module 7, including a camera sensor 7.1, the camera sensor 7.1 is used to capture the light emitted by the laser preparation image acquisition device and the optical guide instrument 5.6, and transmit signals to the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-computer interaction module 6 to obtain the position information of the tool positioning module 1, wherein the position information is used to determine whether the tool positioning module 1 is perpendicular to the laser emitter 5.5, and when not perpendicular, to obtain the angle formed by the tool positioning module 1 and the laser emitter 5.5; the camera sensor 7.1 is also used to obtain the distance between the tool positioning module 1 and the laser emitter 5.5, and the distance is used to control the laser emitter 5.5 to move to a corresponding height;

[0140] Specifically, the laser prepared focal length and angle monitoring module 7 also includes a sensor rotating pair 7.2, a rotating motor 7.3, a rotating motor platform 7.4, and a rotating shaft end cover 7.5. The sensor rotating pair 7.2 is fixed on the rotating motor platform 7.4 by screws, and the camera sensor 7.1 is connected to the sensor rotating pair 7.2 by a connecting shaft and is transmitted by a key connection.

[0141] The working principle of the laser preparation focal length and angle monitoring module 7 is as follows:

[0142] Before the laser preparation texture begins, the rotary motor 7.3 of the laser preparation focal length and angle monitoring module 7 drives the rotary motor platform 7.4 to rotate a certain angle until the camera sensor 7.1 captures the light projected by the laser preparation image acquisition device and the optical guide instrument 5.6 of the laser 5, and the camera sensor 7.1 transmits a signal to the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-machine interaction module 6 of the laser, and then the laser preparation operation module 6.4 of the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-machine interaction module obtains whether the tool positioning and clamping module 1 is perpendicular to the laser, and if not perpendicular, the angle formed by the tool positioning and clamping module and the laser is obtained. The camera sensor 7.1 rotates and aligns with the laser emitter 5.5, determines the distance between the laser emitter and the tool positioning and clamping module, and then obtains the corresponding focal length in the laser preparation operation module 6.4, obtains the required focal length according to the laser energy required on the material surface, and adjusts the laser lifting platform 5.3 to the required height by rotating the threaded rod motor 5.7.

[0143] like Fig.18 As shown, the present invention also includes a laser preparation area monitoring and adjustment module 8, including an infrared industrial camera 8.1. The infrared industrial camera 8.1 is used to monitor the laser melting morphology and the laser melting surface temperature distribution during the laser processing, and send a feedback signal. The feedback signal is used to adjust the parameters of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration system, the position of the laser emitter 5.5, and the magnetic force of the electromagnet positioning element 1.1.3.

[0144] Specifically, the laser preparation area monitoring and adjustment module 8 also includes a fixed rotating pair 8.2, a connecting shaft end 8.3, a moving arm 8.4, a fixed rotating pair 8.5, a connecting shaft end 8.6, a rotating motor platform 8.7, and a rotating motor 8.8. The fixed rotating pair 8.5 is fixed to the rotating motor platform 8.7 by screws, and the moving arm 8.4 is connected to the fixed rotating pair 8.5 by a connecting shaft, and is connected to the transmission by a key; the infrared industrial camera 8.1 and the fixed rotating pair 8.2 are an integral part, and the fixed rotating pair 8.2 is connected to the moving arm 8.4 by an intermediate shaft, and is connected to the transmission by a key.

[0145] The working principle of the laser preparation area monitoring and adjustment module 8 is as follows:

[0146] When the ultrasonic vibration and magnetic field assisted laser preparation of tool surface microtexture begins, the rotary motor 8.8 rotates to the center of the tool positioning and clamping module, and the moving arm drives the infrared industrial camera 8.1 and Fig.16The z-axis shown forms a certain angle, and then the infrared industrial camera 8.1 is aimed at the laser preparation area through the fixed rotating pair 8.2, and the laser melting morphology and the laser melting surface temperature distribution are observed through the laser preparation process and temperature distribution observation area 6.6; during the laser processing process, when the melting morphology is not good or the temperature distribution is too uneven and concentrated, the feedback signal is transmitted for prompting, so as to timely adjust the magnetic field and ultrasonic parameters and the distance between the laser emitter and the tool surface.

[0147] The laser preparation focal length and angle monitoring module 7 and the laser preparation area monitoring and adjustment module 8 are connected to the tool clamping mechanism through bolts. The laser and ultrasonic magnetic field human-machine interaction module is built next to the laser.

[0148] The tool positioning module, the vertical ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module, and the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module of the present invention are connected through a controllable electromagnet, and their connection strength is controlled by adjusting the suction force of the electromagnet. The horizontal ultrasonic vibration module is connected to the lifting platform through a threaded hole and a threaded rod, and the movement direction is limited by a directional groove and a convex groove so that it can only move up and down.

[0149] The tool clamping mechanism of the present invention can realize the positioning and flexible clamping of various types of tools, and the edge of the laser preparation area is determined; at the same time, an adjustable magnetic field is introduced to realize the magnetic clamping of the tool and assist the laser preparation process. It can realize the rapid adjustment of ultrasonic vibration, frequency and amplitude in vertical and horizontal directions, and the adsorption connection of the electromagnet to the tool positioning and clamping module. It can realize the ultrasonic vibration that can rotate at multiple angles in the horizontal direction, the monitoring and real-time rapid adjustment of ultrasonic vibration, and the control of the magnetic attraction capacity of the electromagnet in the horizontal direction, and cooperate with the vertical ultrasonic generator to realize multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration. It can realize the monitoring of the angle between the laser and the tool and the adjustment of the focal length of the laser, the observation of the ablation process of the laser preparation area and the temperature distribution of the ablation area. It can realize the human-machine interactive adjustment of parameters such as texture preparation parameters, ultrasonic vibration, magnetic field, damping, etc. in the overall device.

[0150] The overall working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0151] The electromagnet positioning element and magnetic spring needle of the tool positioning and clamping module control the current of the electromagnet through the controller, increase the magnetism, and play a fixing role during laser positioning and tool clamping; when laser preparing the micro-texture on the surface of the tool, the ultrasonic vibration of the x, y, and z axes causes the ultrasound to act on the molten metal in the laser processing area and the surrounding area, delaying the melting of the material, reducing the accumulation height of the molten material on the micro-texture surface during the laser processing, reducing the surface splashes, and refining the micro grains; the magnetic field distributed around the tool promotes the flow of molten metal in the molten pool in the laser processing area, reduces the formation of slag, and helps to further reduce the accumulation of surface molten material. At the same time, the coupling of the two and the flexible adjustment during the laser processing process can optimize the temperature distribution and molten metal flow in the laser processing area, reduce the defects such as pores and cracks on the micro-texture surface during the processing, and improve the processing quality. The gasket containing electrorheological fluid can change the density of the liquid in the gasket by the strength of the current, thereby changing the height of the gasket and affecting the frequency of ultrasonic vibration; the spring element can absorb ultrasonic vibration energy and reduce the ultrasonic vibration amplitude. The degree of ultrasonic amplitude can be reduced by controlling the length controller of the spring element participating in the ultrasonic vibration; both are precisely controlled during the ultrasonic vibration process to achieve flexible changes in the ultrasonic vibration waveform, and can be flexibly adjusted during the ablation process, thereby optimizing the effect of the acoustic flow on the metal ablation process.

[0152] like Fig.19 As shown, a method for adjusting a tool for preparing micro-textures by laser assisted by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field includes tool positioning and clamping steps;

[0153] The tool positioning and clamping steps include:

[0154] Step 101, periodically initializing the clamping device;

[0155] Step 102, receiving the tool, wherein the tool is placed at the center of the tool positioning block 1.1;

[0156] Step 103, determine whether the tool is located at the center of the tool positioning block 1.1, if so, go to step 104, if not, go to step 102;

[0157] Step 104, determining the shape and position of the cutting edge of the tool;

[0158] Step 105, pushing out a plurality of electromagnet positioning elements 1.1.3 to surround the cutting edge of the tool;

[0159] Step 106, determining whether there is an inner hole in the center of the tool, if so, proceeding to step 107, if not, proceeding to step 108;

[0160] Step 107, pushing the electromagnetic positioning element 1.1.3 through the center inner hole of the tool;

[0161] Step 108, pushing out the electromagnet positioning element 1.1.3 through the other end surface of the tool;

[0162] Step 109, controlling the positioning element indicator light 1.1.3.1 of the ejected electromagnet positioning element 1.1.3 to be powered on and light up, so as to mark the tool position and contour;

[0163] Step 110, controlling the positioning element at the lower end of the tool to be magnetically fixed to the tool positioning block 1.1;

[0164] Step 111, controlling the tool positioning block 1.1 to move toward the laser direction;

[0165] Step 112, capturing the area where the positioning element indicator light 1.1.3.1 is located, and judging whether the tool has reached the center position of the laser emitter 5.5, if so, proceeding to step 113, if not, proceeding to step 111;

[0166] Step 113, control the tool positioning block 1.1 to stop;

[0167] Step 114, determining the tool height;

[0168] Step 115, pushing out the magnetic spring pin 1.3.5 of the tool clamping unit 1.3.4 at a corresponding height;

[0169] Step 116, pushing out the tool clamping unit 1.3.4 at a corresponding height, so that the magnetic spring pin 1.3.5 clamps the tool and then energizes the magnet to clamp the tool;

[0170] Step 117, controlling the magnetic spring needle indicator light 1.3.5.6 of the magnetic spring needle 1.3.5 to be energized to display the contour area of ​​the clamped tool;

[0171] Step 118, checking whether the contour area of ​​the clamped tool is consistent with the contour area displayed in step 109, if yes, proceed to step 119, if not, proceed to step 104;

[0172] Step 119: Positioning and clamping are completed.

[0173] A method for adjusting a cutting tool for preparing micro-texture by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field assisted laser, comprising a texture preparation step;

[0174] like Fig. 20 The steps for preparing the texture shown include:

[0175] Step 201, confirming the geometric shape and size of the texture preparation, judging whether the tool positioning base 1.2 needs to adjust the angle, if yes, proceeding to step 202, if no, proceeding to step 205;

[0176] Step 202, transmitting a signal to the vertical angle adjustment system 2.2 to obtain the angle that the tool positioning base 1.2 needs to adjust;

[0177] Step 203, controlling the angle controller 2.2.5 to transmit a signal to the angle measuring instrument 2.2.3, and adjusting the height of the vertical spherical push rod 2.2.2 to a corresponding angle;

[0178] Step 204, after the vertical angle is adjusted, the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module and the tool clamping mechanism 1.3 are controlled to be adjusted to a direction horizontal to the tool positioning base 1.2;

[0179] Step 205, adjusting ultrasonic vibration parameters in three directions through laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-machine interaction module 6;

[0180] Step 206, adjusting the laser parameters through the ultrasonic vibration parameters and the power supply parameters of the multi-directional electromagnet of the tool positioning module 1;

[0181] Step 207, controlling the camera sensor 7.1 to capture the light projected by the laser preparation image acquisition device and the optical guide 5.6, and determining whether the laser emitter 5.5 is perpendicular to the tool, and if not perpendicular, determining the angle formed;

[0182] Step 208, controlling the camera sensor 7.1 to measure the light length of the laser preparation image acquisition device and the optical guide instrument 5.6, calculating the laser focal length and the energy absorption rate of the tool surface, and adjusting the laser lifting platform to make the laser transmitter 5.5 reach the specified height;

[0183] Step 209, start the ultrasonic generators in three directions, including the vertical ultrasonic generator 2.1.1 and the horizontal ultrasonic generator 3.1, measure the vibration waveforms in three directions by the ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument 2.1.2, and form a three-dimensional vibration model in the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-computer interaction module 6;

[0184] Step 210, after adjusting to a suitable vibration model, start the laser transmitter 5.5, and observe the laser melting morphology and surface temperature distribution through the infrared industrial camera 8.1;

[0185] Step 211, according to the observation results of the melting morphology and temperature distribution in the laser preparation area, the variable liquid gasket and the spring vibration absorber are adjusted through the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-computer interaction module 6, and the ultrasonic amplitude and frequency are adjusted in real time;

[0186] Step 212, based on the observation results of the melting morphology and temperature distribution of the laser-prepared area and the fixation of the tool under ultrasonic vibration, determine whether it is necessary to fine-tune the magnetic force of the electromagnet positioning element 1.1.3, if yes, proceed to step 213, if no, proceed to step 214;

[0187] Step 213, calculating the amount of current flowing into the electromagnet positioning element 1.1.3 that needs to be fine-tuned, and changing the amount of current flowing into the electromagnet positioning element 1.1.3 to fine-tune the magnetic force;

[0188] Step 214, adjusting the ultrasonic amplitude and frequency to improve the melting morphology and temperature distribution in the laser preparation area, and determining whether the laser focal length needs to be adjusted;

[0189] Step 215, while adjusting the ultrasonic amplitude and frequency to improve the melting morphology and temperature distribution in the laser preparation area, determine whether it is necessary to fine-tune the laser focal length, if so, proceed to step 216, if not, proceed to step 217;

[0190] Step 216, calculate the laser focal length that needs to be fine-tuned, and repeat step 208;

[0191] Step 217, after the laser preparation is completed and the laser emitter 5.5 stops working, the ultrasonic generator is turned off, the electromagnet of the tool clamping mechanism 1.3 stops energizing, the magnetic spring needle 1.3.5 is retracted, the electromagnet positioning element 1.1.3 at the bottom of the tool stops energizing, the multiple electromagnet positioning elements 1.1.3 surrounding the tool edge are retracted, the tool is taken out, and the system operation is completed.

[0192] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable device for preparing micro-textured tools by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field-assisted laser, characterized in that: include, A tool positioning module (1) is equipped with a plurality of electromagnet positioning elements (1.1.3) for fixing the tool and marking the area where the tool is located, and providing a laser processing area; A multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration system, connected to the tool positioning module (1), for providing multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration around the tool; The laser (5) comprises a laser emitter (5.5), a plurality of laser preparation image acquisition devices and an optical guide instrument (5.6), wherein the plurality of laser preparation image acquisition devices and the optical guide instrument (5.6) are installed around the laser emitter (5.5), the laser emitter (5.5) is used to perform laser processing in the laser processing area provided by the plurality of electromagnet positioning elements (1.1.3), and the plurality of laser preparation image acquisition devices and the optical guide instrument (5.6) are used to acquire tool images and to send optical guide signals; Laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-machine interaction module (6) to achieve human-machine interactive adjustment; A laser preparation focal length and angle monitoring module (7), comprising a camera sensor (7.1), the camera sensor (7.1) being used to capture the light emitted by the laser preparation image acquisition device and the optical guide instrument (5.6), and to transmit signals to the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-machine interaction module (6), so as to obtain the position information of the tool positioning module (1), wherein the position information is used to determine whether the tool positioning module (1) and the laser emitter (5.5) are perpendicular, and when they are not perpendicular, to obtain the angle formed by the tool positioning module (1) and the laser emitter (5.5); the camera sensor (7.1) is also used to obtain the distance between the tool positioning module (1) and the laser emitter (5.5), and the distance is used to control the laser emitter (5.5) to move to a corresponding height; A laser preparation area monitoring and adjustment module (8) comprises an infrared industrial camera (8.1), wherein the infrared industrial camera (8.1) is used to monitor the laser melting morphology and the laser melting surface temperature distribution during the laser processing, and to send a feedback signal, wherein the feedback signal is used to adjust the parameters of the multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration system, the position of the laser emitter (5.5), and the magnetic force of the electromagnet positioning element (1.1.3).

2. The adjustable device for preparing micro-textured tools by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field-assisted laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool positioning module (1) comprises a tool positioning block (1.1), a tool positioning base (1.2), and a tool clamping mechanism (1.3); the tool positioning block (1.1) is installed with a tool and the plurality of electromagnet positioning elements (1.1.3); the tool positioning block (1.1) is installed on the tool positioning base (1.2), and the tool positioning block (1.1) can move along the X direction on the tool positioning base (1.2); the tool clamping mechanism (1.3) is located above the tool positioning base (1.2), and the upper part of the tool positioning block (1.1) is located in the clamping hole of the tool clamping mechanism (1.3), so that the tool clamping mechanism (1.3) can clamp the tool.

3. The adjustable device for preparing micro-textured tools by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field-assisted laser according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end surface of the tool positioning block (1.1) is provided with a plurality of positioning block inner holes (1.1.2) for installing the plurality of electromagnet positioning elements (1.1.3); the two side surfaces extending along the X direction of the tool positioning block (1.1) are provided with positioning block horizontal grooves (1.1.5), and the two side surfaces extending along the X direction are provided with positioning block vertical grooves (1.1.4); the two surfaces extending along the Y direction of the tool positioning block (1.1) are also provided with positioning block threaded holes (1.1.6) extending through along the X direction; the end of the electromagnet positioning element (1.1.3) is provided with a positioning element indicator light (1.1.3.1); The tool positioning base (1.2) is provided with a long slot along the X direction, the long slot is provided with a base screw motor (1.2.1), the base screw motor (1.2.1) is installed with a base screw (1.2.2), the base screw (1.2.2) is passed through the positioning block threaded hole (1.1.6), and is driven by the base screw motor (1.2.1), so that the tool positioning block (1.1) moves along the X direction.

4. The adjustable device for preparing micro-textured tools by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field assisted laser according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tool clamping mechanism (1.3) comprises support frames (1.3.6) at both ends, wherein the support frames (1.3.6) can be connected to the lifting threaded rods (4.5) of the lifting platform (4) through the lifting threaded holes (1.3.7) provided thereon to achieve lifting in the Z direction; the support frames (1.3.6) on both sides are respectively connected to different numbers of support push rod motors (1.3.10), wherein the support push rod motor (1.3.10) on one side is actively adjusted, and the support push rod motor (1.3.10) on the other side is driven, so that the tool clamping mechanism (1.3) is tilted at a certain angle; the support push rods on both sides are The motors (1.3.10) are connected to the clamping structure support frame (1.3.1), and multiple layers of clamping screw motors (1.3.2) are installed on both sides of the interior of the clamping structure support frame (1.3.1), and the clamping screw motors (1.3.2) corresponding to each other are installed with clamping screws (1.3.3), and the two clamping screws (1.3.3) on the same layer are threadedly connected with tool clamping units (1.3.4) on both sides, and the clamping screw motors (1.3.2) can drive the tool clamping units (1.3.4) on both sides to clamp the tool; the inner wall of the tool clamping unit (1.3.4) is installed with multiple magnetic spring needles (1.3.5) The magnetic spring needle (1.3.5) includes a magnetic spring needle connector (1.3.5.4), one end of the magnetic spring needle connector (1.3.5.4) extends into a groove on the inner wall of the tool clamping unit (1.3.4), and the end sleeve is provided with a magnetic spring needle end slider (1.3.5.5), an electromagnet power supply is installed inside the magnetic spring needle end slider (1.3.5.5), and the magnetic spring needle end slider (1.3.5.5) is fixedly connected to the tool clamping unit (1.3.4); the other end of the magnetic spring needle connector (1.3.5.4) is installed with a magnetic spring needle electromagnet (1.3.5.2), and A magnetic spring needle spring element (1.3.5.1) is sleeved in the middle, and the magnetic spring needle spring element (1.3.5.1) is stopped by the magnetic spring needle electromagnets (1.3.5.2) and the magnetic spring needle end sliders (1.3.5.5) at both ends to achieve extension and retraction; a magnetic spring needle spherical fixing head (1.3.5.3) is arranged outside the magnetic spring needle electromagnet (1.3.5.2), and the magnetic spring needle spherical fixing head (1.3.5.3) can be contacted by a tool and clamp the tool; the magnetic spring needle spherical fixing head (1.3.5.3) is also equipped with a magnetic spring needle indicator light (1.3.5.6) for indicating power on.

5. The adjustable device for preparing micro-textured tools by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field-assisted laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration system comprises a vertical ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module (2) and a horizontal ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module (3); The vertical ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module (2) comprises a vertical ultrasonic vibration system (2.1) and a vertical angle adjustment system (2.2); the vertical ultrasonic vibration system (2.1) is arranged at the upper end of the vertical angle adjustment system (2.2); the vertical ultrasonic vibration system (2.1) is used to generate ultrasonic vibration in the vertical direction; and the vertical angle adjustment system (2.2) is used to adjust the inclination angle of the vertical ultrasonic vibration system (2.1) to achieve ultrasonic vibration at different angles; The horizontal ultrasonic vibration and angle adjustment module (3) comprises a horizontal ultrasonic vibration module and a horizontal angle adjustment system. The horizontal angle adjustment system is arranged on one side of the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module. The horizontal ultrasonic vibration module is used to generate ultrasonic vibration in the horizontal direction. The horizontal angle adjustment system is used to adjust the angle of the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module to achieve ultrasonic vibration at different angles.

6. The adjustable device for preparing micro-textured tools by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field-assisted laser according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vertical ultrasonic vibration system (2.1) comprises a vertical ultrasonic generator (2.1.1), an ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument (2.1.2), and a magnet control module (2.1.3), wherein the vertical ultrasonic generator (2.1.1) is used to generate ultrasonic vibration and amplify the vibration, the ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument (2.1.2) is used to measure the amplitude and frequency of ultrasonic vibration and determine the ultrasonic vibration waveform, and the magnet control module (2.1.3) controls the magnet adsorption capacity; The vertical angle adjustment system (2.2) comprises a pneumatic push rod motor (2.2.4), a spherical push rod (2.2.2), and a spherical rotating pair (2.2.1); the pneumatic push rod motor (2.2.4) is drivingly connected to the spherical push rod (2.2.2); the spherical rotating pair (2.2.1) is installed at the end of the spherical push rod (2.2.2) and connected to the bottom plate (2.1.4) of the vertical ultrasonic vibration system (2.1) to adjust the inclination angle of the vertical ultrasonic vibration system (2.1); and also comprises an angle controller (2.2.5) and an angle measuring instrument (2.2.3); the angle controller (2.2.5) forms an electrical signal of the angle to be adjusted and transmits it to the angle measuring instrument (2.2.3); and the angle measuring instrument (2.2.3) measures the heights of the different spherical push rods (2.2.2) after receiving the signal.

7. The adjustable device for preparing micro-textured tools by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field assisted laser according to claim 6, characterized in that: The horizontal ultrasonic vibration module (3) comprises a horizontal ultrasonic generator (3.1), a horizontal ultrasonic control module (3.2), a horizontal magnet control module (3.3), a horizontal ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument (3.7), and an ultrasonic data transmission device (3.8); the horizontal ultrasonic generator (3.1) is used to generate ultrasonic vibration and amplify the vibration; the horizontal ultrasonic control module (3.2) is used to transmit a control signal of ultrasonic vibration, receive an ultrasonic vibration electrical signal, and enable the horizontal ultrasonic generator (3.1) to convert the electrical signal into mechanical vibration; the horizontal magnet control module (3.3) is used to control the magnet adsorption capacity; the horizontal ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument (3.7) is used to measure the amplitude and frequency of vibration and determine the ultrasonic vibration waveform; and the ultrasonic data transmission device (3.8) is used to transmit ultrasonic data; The horizontal angle adjustment system comprises: a spherical push rod motor (3.9) is installed at the bottom of the horizontal ultrasonic generator (3.1); the spherical push rod motor (3.9) is matched with a spherical pair (3.10) and connected to the horizontal ultrasonic generator (3.1); the spherical push rod motor (3.9) controls different angles of the horizontal ultrasonic generator (3.1); the spherical push rod motor (3.9) is connected to a horizontal ultrasonic vibration base (3.4); a horizontal ultrasonic vibration guide groove (3.5) extending along the Z direction is opened on the side of the horizontal ultrasonic vibration base (3.4); ), the horizontal ultrasonic vibration base (3.4) is provided with a threaded hole (3.6) extending along the Z direction; it also includes a lifting platform (4), the lifting platform (4) includes a lifting stepping motor (4.2), a lifting threaded rod (4.5), and a guide convex strip (4.6); the lifting stepping motor (4.2) drives the lifting threaded rod (4.5) to lift; the guide convex strip (4.6) cooperates with the horizontal ultrasonic vibration guide groove (3.5), and the lifting threaded rod (4.5) cooperates with the threaded hole (3.6) to control the horizontal height of the horizontal ultrasonic generator (3.1).

8. The adjustable device for preparing micro-textured tools by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field-assisted laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser (5) further comprises a laser lifting device, and the laser emitter (5.5) is installed on the laser lifting device to achieve the lifting of the laser emitter (5.5); and also comprises a laser energy storage box (5.4) for providing electric energy to the laser emitter (5.5).

9. A method for adjusting a micro-textured tool prepared by laser assisted by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field, characterized in that: An adjustable device for preparing micro-textured cutting tools by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field-assisted laser as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of positioning and clamping the cutting tool; The tool positioning and clamping steps include: Step 101, periodically initializing the clamping device; Step 102, receiving the tool, wherein the tool is placed at the center of the tool positioning block (1.1); Step 103, determine whether the tool is located at the center of the tool positioning block (1.1), if so, proceed to step 104, if not, proceed to step 102; Step 104, determining the shape and position of the cutting edge of the tool; Step 105, pushing out a plurality of electromagnetic positioning elements (1.1.3) to surround the cutting edge of the tool; Step 106, determining whether there is an inner hole at the center of the tool, if so, proceeding to step 107, if not, proceeding to step 108; Step 107, push the electromagnetic positioning element (1.1.3) through the center inner hole of the tool; Step 108, pushing out the electromagnetic positioning element (1.1.3) through the other end surface of the tool; Step 109, controlling the positioning element indicator light (1.1.3.1) of the ejected electromagnet positioning element (1.1.3) to be powered on and light up, so as to mark the tool position and contour; Step 110, controlling the positioning element at the lower end of the tool to be magnetically connected to fix the tool on the tool positioning block (1.1); Step 111, controlling the tool positioning block (1.1) to move toward the laser; Step 112, capturing the area where the positioning element indicator light (1.1.3.1) is located, and judging whether the tool has reached the center position of the laser emitter (5.5), if so, proceeding to step 113, if not, proceeding to step 111; Step 113, control the tool positioning block (1.1) to stop; Step 114, determining the tool height; Step 115, pushing out the magnetic spring pin (1.3.5) of the tool clamping unit (1.3.4) at a corresponding height; Step 116, pushing out the tool clamping unit (1.3.4) at a corresponding height, so that the magnetic spring pin (1.3.5) clamps the tool and then energizes the magnet to clamp the tool; Step 117, controlling the magnetic spring needle indicator light (1.3.5.6) of the magnetic spring needle (1.3.5) to be powered on, and displaying the contour area of ​​the clamped tool; Step 118, checking whether the contour area of ​​the clamped tool is consistent with the contour area displayed in step 109, if yes, proceeding to step 119, if not, proceeding to step 104; Step 119: Positioning and clamping are completed.

10. A method for adjusting a micro-textured tool prepared by laser assisted by multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field, characterized in that: An adjustable device for preparing micro-textured cutting tools with multi-dimensional ultrasonic vibration and multi-dimensional magnetic field assisted laser as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a texture preparation step; The texture preparation step comprises: Step 201, confirm the geometric shape and size of the texture preparation, and determine whether the tool positioning base (1.2) needs to be adjusted. If so, proceed to step 202, if not, proceed to step 205; Step 202, transmitting a signal to the vertical angle adjustment system (2.2) to obtain the angle that the tool positioning base (1.2) needs to be adjusted; Step 203, controlling the angle controller (2.2.5) to transmit a signal to the angle measuring instrument (2.2.3), and adjusting the height of the vertical spherical push rod (2.2.2) to a corresponding angle; Step 204, after the vertical angle is adjusted, the horizontal ultrasonic vibration module and the tool clamping mechanism (1.3) are controlled to be adjusted to a direction horizontal to the tool positioning base (1.2); Step 205, adjusting the ultrasonic vibration parameters in three directions through the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-machine interaction module (6); Step 206, adjusting the laser parameters through the ultrasonic vibration parameters and the power supply parameters of the multi-directional electromagnet of the tool positioning module (1); Step 207, controlling the camera sensor (7.1) to capture the light projected by the laser preparation image acquisition device and the optical guide (5.6), determining whether the laser emitter (5.5) is perpendicular to the tool, and determining the angle formed if they are not perpendicular; Step 208, controlling the camera sensor (7.1) to measure the light length of the laser preparation image acquisition device and the optical guide instrument (5.6), calculating the laser focal length and the energy absorption rate of the tool surface, and adjusting the laser lifting platform to make the laser transmitter (5.5) reach the specified height; Step 209, start the ultrasonic generators in three directions, including the vertical ultrasonic generator (2.1.1) and the horizontal ultrasonic generator (3.1), measure the vibration waveforms in the three directions by using the ultrasonic vibration measuring instrument (2.1.2), and form a three-dimensional vibration model in the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-computer interaction module (6); Step 210, after adjusting to a suitable vibration model, start the laser transmitter (5.5), and observe the laser melting morphology and surface temperature distribution through an infrared industrial camera (8.1); Step 211, according to the observation results of the melting morphology and temperature distribution in the laser preparation area, the variable liquid gasket and the spring vibration absorber are adjusted through the laser preparation and ultrasonic vibration human-computer interaction module (6), and the ultrasonic amplitude and frequency are adjusted in real time; Step 212, based on the observation results of the melting morphology and temperature distribution of the laser-prepared area and the fixation of the tool under ultrasonic vibration, determine whether it is necessary to fine-tune the magnetic force of the electromagnet positioning element (1.1.3), if yes, proceed to step 213, if not, proceed to step 214; Step 213, calculating the amount of current flowing through the electromagnet positioning element (1.1.3) required for fine adjustment, and changing the amount of current flowing through the electromagnet positioning element (1.1.3) to fine-tune the magnetic force; Step 214, adjusting the ultrasonic amplitude and frequency to improve the melting morphology and temperature distribution in the laser preparation area, and determining whether the laser focal length needs to be adjusted; Step 215, while adjusting the ultrasonic amplitude and frequency to improve the melting morphology and temperature distribution in the laser preparation area, determine whether it is necessary to fine-tune the laser focal length, if so, proceed to step 216, if not, proceed to step 217; Step 216, calculate the laser focal length that needs to be fine-tuned, and repeat step 208; Step 217, after the laser preparation is completed and the laser transmitter (5.5) stops working, the ultrasonic generator is turned off, the electromagnet of the tool clamping mechanism (1.3) stops energizing, the magnetic spring needle (1.3.5) is retracted, the electromagnet positioning element (1.1.3) at the bottom of the tool stops energizing, the multiple electromagnet positioning elements (1.1.3) surrounding the tool edge are retracted, the tool is taken out, and the system operation is completed.

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