A large hydraulic press master cylinder structure and master cylinder guide sleeve replacement method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of large hydraulic presses and relates to a main cylinder structure of a large hydraulic press. The present invention also relates to a main cylinder guide sleeve replacement method of the main cylinder structure of a large hydraulic press. The main cylinder body (1-11) falls to the working position, and the upper mold device and the lower mold device are removed; the main cylinder body (1-11) rises to the highest position and is locked, and the T-shaped screw (1-5) of the connection block between the main cylinder body (1-11) and the lifting cylinder (1-4) is removed; the translation mechanism base (2-1) is hoisted into the central part of the oil press, the main cylinder (1-1) is unlocked, the lifting cylinder (1-4) falls back to the lowest position along with the main cylinder body 1-11, and the pump is stopped; the tooling oil cylinder (3) rises and lifts the main cylinder body (1-11); the main cylinder body flange (1-13), the pressing sleeve (1-14), the seal (1-15) and the connection block (1-2) between the main cylinder body (1-11) and the lifting cylinder (1-4) are removed. The method for replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve of a large oil press of the present invention improves the replacement efficiency of the main cylinder guide sleeve when replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve of the oil press, and reduces the damage caused to other parts during the replacement process of the main cylinder guide sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of large hydraulic presses, and more specifically, relates to a main cylinder structure of a large hydraulic press. The present invention also relates to a main cylinder guide sleeve replacement method of the main cylinder structure of a large hydraulic press. Background Art

[0002] During wheel production, large hydraulic presses are required to press and shape the wheel blanks. Therefore, hydraulic presses are key equipment in wheel production. Existing large hydraulic presses utilize a three-beam, dual-side column + prestressed tie rod design. The upper beam, movable crossbeam, and lower beam of the three beams are coaxial from top to bottom. The lower surfaces of the upper and lower beams are connected to the side columns in abutment with each other. Four prestressed tie rods pass through the upper and lower surfaces of the upper and lower beams and the side columns, and are screwed onto the rods via locking nuts that are in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the upper and lower beams. The movable crossbeam plays the role of the main cylinder body of the hydraulic press (hereinafter referred to as the main cylinder body). The upper mold device is fixed on the lower surface of the main cylinder body, and the lower mold device is fixed on the upper surface of the lower beam. The upper and lower parts of the main cylinder body are square flanges, and the middle part is cylindrical. The square flange is chamfered and inlaid with X sliders. The X slider is slidably connected to the working slide on the side column of the hydraulic press to play a guiding role. The main cylinder body is slidably connected to the main cylinder plunger fixed on the center of the upper beam. Lifting cylinders are set on both sides of the upper flange of the main cylinder body to lift the cylinder column. The plug is screwed to the connecting blocks on both sides of the upper flange of the main cylinder body through a T-screw. The lifting cylinder body is fixed on the side column. The lifting cylinder is responsible for the return stroke of the movable crossbeam. When the hydraulic press is pressing, oil is supplied to the main cylinder body, and relative movement is generated with the main cylinder plunger fixed on the upper beam, driving the movable crossbeam downward, driving the upper mold device to descend to the set position, and the upper and lower mold devices are closed to complete the forming of the wheel blank. After the pressing is completed, the main cylinder body stops supplying oil, and the lifting cylinder is supplied with oil to drive the movable crossbeam to rise to the original zero position. After the hydraulic press has been working for a period of time, due to the wear of the X slider and the levelness of the master cylinder body, relative friction occurs between the guide sleeve in the master cylinder body and the master cylinder plunger, causing wear of the master cylinder guide sleeve. When the wear reaches a certain amount, it will affect the service life of the master cylinder seal and even cause oil leakage in the master cylinder. The master cylinder guide sleeve needs to be replaced. The conventional replacement method is: drop the master cylinder body to the set position, support the master cylinder body, stop the pump, remove the master cylinder flange, press the sleeve, remove the master cylinder seal, remove the upper beam locking nut of the prestressed pull rod of the hydraulic press, lift out the upper beam and the master cylinder plunger, lift out the master cylinder flange press sleeve, disassemble and install the master cylinder guide sleeve, Install all parts in reverse order according to the above sequence, and start the pump. This method of lifting the upper beam and the master cylinder plunger requires a high lifting height, and the roof of the hydraulic press plant needs to be removed. The replacement efficiency is low, the workload is large, and the replacement cost is high, which affects the wheel production efficiency. In addition, this method of replacing the master cylinder guide sleeve will cause the well-pressed mating surfaces between the upper beam and the side column, the upper beam and the master cylinder plunger of the hydraulic press to be damaged, and some load-bearing surfaces of the hydraulic press may be crushed and damaged, affecting the safe service life of the hydraulic press. In addition, the on-site removal of the guide sleeve by gas cutting is prone to damage the mating surface between the guide sleeve and the master cylinder body, affecting the service life of the master cylinder seal in the later stage.

[0003] The prior art includes a technology titled "A Method for Replacing a Guide Sleeve of a Hydraulic Cylinder for Forging a Large Press" and with a publication (announcement) number of "CN117680966A." This technology relates to a method for replacing a guide sleeve of a hydraulic cylinder for forging a large press. The method involves separating the hydraulic cylinder plunger and cylinder body online based on the assembly characteristics of the hydraulic cylinder, and disassembling and installing the guide sleeve online. The specific method is as follows: Before removing the return cylinder, the plunger and cylinder body are separated online: the return cylinder is lowered, and the hydraulic cylinder plunger descends along with the movable crossbeam to the minimum stroke of the return cylinder. At this point, sleepers, gaskets, and a jack are placed on the inside of the column to support the movable crossbeam. The return cylinder is removed, and sleepers, gaskets, and a jack are placed in the original position of the return cylinder to support the movable crossbeam. After the return cylinder is removed, the plunger and cylinder body are separated online: the hydraulic jack is operated, and the gaskets and sleepers are continuously removed until the distance between the hydraulic cylinder plunger and cylinder body meets the working space for disassembling and installing the guide sleeve. The guide sleeve is then removed and installed online. This method is efficient and convenient, significantly shortening operation time and reducing operation costs.

[0004] However, this technology does not involve the technical problems and technical solutions of the present application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in view of the deficiencies in the existing technology, a method for replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve of a hydraulic press is provided, which has simple steps and adopts the steps of disassembling the main cylinder body of the hydraulic press from top to bottom and reinstalling the main cylinder body from bottom to top along the pressing center line of the hydraulic press, thereby improving the replacement efficiency of the main cylinder guide sleeve, reducing the damage to other components caused by the main cylinder guide sleeve replacement process, and effectively standardizing the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press for large hydraulic presses.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for replacing a guide sleeve of a main cylinder of a large hydraulic press. The replacement steps of the method for replacing a guide sleeve of a main cylinder of a large hydraulic press are as follows:

[0008] S1: The main cylinder body falls to the working position, and the upper mold device and the lower mold device are removed;

[0009] S2: The master cylinder body rises to the highest position and is locked, and the T-screw connecting the master cylinder body and the lifting cylinder is removed;

[0010] S3: The base of the translation mechanism is hoisted into the center part of the hydraulic press and falls on the upper surface of the lower beam. The tooling cylinder falls into the process hole of the lower beam of the hydraulic press, corresponding to the "east", "south", "west" and "north" angles of the main cylinder body;

[0011] S4: The master cylinder is unlocked, the lifting cylinder falls back to the lowest position along with the master cylinder body, and the pump stops;

[0012] S5: The tooling cylinder rises and lifts up the main cylinder body;

[0013] S6: Remove the master cylinder flange, compression sleeve, seal, and connecting blocks 1-2 between the master cylinder and the lift cylinder;

[0014] S7: The main cylinder body falls onto the translation mechanism of the translation mechanism along with the tooling oil cylinder, and the tooling oil cylinder 3 continues to fall to the lowest position;

[0015] S8: Remove the X slider on the master cylinder body and move the translation mechanism out of the hydraulic press body;

[0016] S9: Use a truck crane and a flatbed truck to transport the master cylinder body to the assembly room to replace the guide sleeve;

[0017] S10: The master cylinder body with the new guide sleeve installed is transported back to the translation mechanism, and the translation mechanism is moved to the center mark of the hydraulic press for positioning;

[0018] S11: Install the components on the master cylinder body in reverse order according to the above steps.

[0019] In step S2, lock the main cylinder body and remove the T-screw of the connection block between the main cylinder body and the lifting cylinder. The specific steps are: remove the Haver protective ring at the bottom of the connection block; remove the nut of the T-screw at the top of the connection block; the lifting cylinder falls back to expose the spherical pad and pull out the T-screw; the lifting cylinder rises and returns to the jacking position.

[0020] In step S5, the tooling cylinder lifts the main cylinder body. The specific steps are: open the valve on the tooling cylinder 3 valve block of the hydraulic station, the pump starts to load, and the tooling cylinder slowly rises. When the top cap above the piston rod hits the lower surface of the main cylinder body, slowly raise the tooling cylinder to lift the main cylinder body to the set distance position; close the valve on the valve block of the tooling cylinder of the hydraulic station, observe whether the main cylinder body has a downward slip phenomenon, if so, check the hydraulic circuit and eliminate the source of the fault; when the main cylinder body remains stable, stop the pump; place a support frame on the upper surface of the translation trolley body, and the support frame is located at a set distance from the lower surface of the main cylinder body.

[0021] In step S7, the main cylinder body falls onto the translation mechanism along with the tooling oil cylinder. The specific steps are as follows: 1) After the connecting block is removed, slowly open the throttle valve of the control oil cylinder on the valve block of the tooling oil cylinder, loosen it a circle first, and observe whether the main cylinder body falls. If the main cylinder body does not fall, slowly open the throttle valve on the valve block, loosen it a circle first, and observe whether the main cylinder body falls. If the main cylinder body does not fall, slowly open the relief valve on the valve block until the main cylinder body slowly falls. According to the speed of the main cylinder body falling, adjust the opening of each valve; 2) The lower plane of the main cylinder body When it descends to the set height position above the support frame, close the overflow valve and the throttle valve to lock the tooling cylinder, and place the support frame 4 on the upper surface of the translation trolley body. After the support frame 4 is confirmed to be in place, remove the support frame, and the support frame is located at the set distance from the lower surface of the main cylinder body; 3) Open the throttle valve and the overflow valve, and the main cylinder body continues to fall. When the main cylinder body approaches the support frame, close the overflow and throttle valves again, lock the tooling cylinder, and place the support frame on the upper surface of the translation trolley body. After the support frame is confirmed to be in place, remove the support frame, and the support frame is located at the set distance from the lower surface of the main cylinder body;

[0022] In step S7: 4) Open the throttle valve and the relief valve, and the main cylinder body continues to fall. When it approaches the support frame 4, close the relief valve and the throttle valve again, and remove the support frame; 5) Then open the throttle valve and the relief valve, and the main cylinder body slowly falls onto the translation trolley. After confirming that there are no abnormalities in the translation trolley body, rollers, and trolley tracks, inflate the piston rod of the tooling cylinder to the lowest position, and stop the air pump to cut off the power; before removing the connecting block of the main cylinder body and during the descent process, place the support frame on the lower surface of the main cylinder body.

[0023] In step S9, the guide sleeve is disassembled and assembled. The specific steps are as follows: the main cylinder body is hoisted onto the gantry boring and milling machine, and a longitudinal groove is milled along the inner side of the guide sleeve. The depth of the groove is close to the wall thickness of the guide sleeve. After the groove is washed, the guide sleeve is removed; the processed guide sleeve is assembled by the cold pressing method. The guide sleeve is cooled with liquid nitrogen to the assembly size, hoisted into the main cylinder body, and pressed with a pressing tool.

[0024] In step S3, the translation mechanism includes a translation trolley and a base, a first track and a second track are set on the base, the first track and the second track are processed into a herringbone structure, the first track and the second track are fixed on the base, and mechanical limits are set at both ends of the first track and the second track. The body of the translation trolley is a welded part, and Π-shaped roller frames are set on both sides of the lower part of the body. The roller with a single-sided flange rides on the Π-shaped roller frame through the roller shaft, and the roller tread is connected to the track in a rolling manner.

[0025] In step S5, the tooling oil cylinder adopts a gas-hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic oil is introduced into the rodless cavity of the tooling oil cylinder, which is a structure with adjustable pressure.

[0026] In step S9, the press-fitting tooling includes a pressing plate, a support plate, an adjusting screw, and an adjusting screw sleeve. It adopts an I-shaped structure. The pressing plate is connected to the upper part of the guide sleeve and is also connected to the lower end of the adjusting screw. Through holes are machined at both ends of the support plate. The through holes correspond to the fixed threaded holes of the main cylinder press sleeve. The pressing tooling support plate is connected to the main cylinder body through a threaded connector passing through the through holes. The upper end of the adjusting screw is machined into a rectangular structure to facilitate the rotation of the adjusting screw. The adjusting screw sleeve is fixed in the center of the support plate and is rotationally connected to the adjusting screw. When pressing, the adjusting screw is rotated to drive the pressing plate downward, driving the guide sleeve to slide down to the designed working contact surface of the main cylinder, protecting the pressing surface from indentations during press-fitting. Positioning blocks are inlaid at both ends of the pressing plate of the press-fitting tooling and the contact part with the guide sleeve. The positioning blocks are made of nylon, copper, rubber, or plastic.

[0027] The present invention also relates to a main cylinder structure of a large hydraulic press, which includes a main cylinder, a connecting block, a lifting cylinder, a T-screw, an X-slider, a main cylinder body, a main cylinder body flange, a pressing sleeve, a seal, and a guide sleeve.

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is adopted, and the working principle and beneficial effects are as follows:

[0029] The method for replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve of a large hydraulic press described in the present invention is as follows: 1. When replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press, the main cylinder body of the hydraulic press is disassembled from top to bottom, and the main cylinder body is transported out of the hydraulic press body. The main cylinder guide sleeve is disassembled and assembled non-destructively in the equipment room, and then the main cylinder body with the replaced guide sleeve is transported to the center of the hydraulic press and installed from bottom to top along the pressing center line of the hydraulic press. This improves the efficiency of replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve, reduces the damage to other parts during the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve, increases the safe service life of the hydraulic press, saves replacement costs, ensures installation accuracy, and provides operating specifications for the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press. 2. The tooling oil cylinder adopts a gas-liquid cylinder, the up and down movement speed of the main cylinder body is controllable, and the resistance is small during operation. The plunger head of the tooling oil cylinder is provided with a pad to protect the piston rod head from deformation and damage caused by abnormal external force. 3. The master cylinder guide sleeve removal process utilizes a gantry boring and milling machine to mill grooves, avoiding burns on the contact surface between the master cylinder body and the guide sleeve, which is common with conventional gas cutting. 4. The dedicated press-fitting fixture for the master cylinder guide sleeve utilizes a II-shaped structure. During press-fitting, the fixture operates simultaneously from both sides of the master cylinder body sleeve, facilitating force application. Nylon blocks are embedded at both ends of the fixture's pressure plate where the sleeve contacts the sleeve, protecting the sleeve from indentations during installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The following is a brief description of the contents and symbols in the drawings of this specification:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the replacement method of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the large hydraulic press when the master cylinder is replaced according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the large hydraulic press master cylinder when replacing the master cylinder of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the main cylinder of the large hydraulic press according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the translation mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the main cylinder of the large hydraulic press according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the translation mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the press-fitting tooling of the present invention;

[0039] The marks in the accompanying drawings are: 1. main cylinder structure; 1-1. main cylinder; 1-2. connecting block; 1-3. lower beam; 1-4. lifting cylinder; 1-5. T-screw; 1-6. X-slider; 1-11. main cylinder body; 1-13. main cylinder body flange; 1-14. pressing sleeve; 1-15. seal; 1-16. guide sleeve; 2. translation mechanism; 2-1. translation mechanism base; 2-2. translation trolley body; 2-3. first track; 2-4. second track; 2-5. mechanical limit; 2-22. Π-type roller frame; 2-23. roller; 3. tooling cylinder; 4. support frame; 5. pressing tooling; 5-1. pressure plate; 5-2. support plate; 5-3. adjusting screw; 5-4. adjusting screw sleeve; 5-5. positioning block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following describes the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings to further explain in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention, such as the shapes, structures, mutual positions and connection relationships between the various components involved, the functions and working principles of the various components.

[0041] As attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8 As shown, the present invention is a method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of a large hydraulic press. The replacement steps of the method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of a large hydraulic press are as follows:

[0042] S1: The main cylinder body 1-11 falls to the working position, and the upper mold device and the lower mold device are removed; S2: The main cylinder body 1-11 rises to the highest position and is locked, and the T-screw 1-5 of the connection block between the main cylinder body 1-11 and the lifting cylinder 1-4 is removed; S3: The translation mechanism base 2-1 is hoisted into the center part of the hydraulic press and falls on the upper surface of the lower beam 1-3, and the tooling cylinder 3 falls into the process hole of the lower beam 1-3 of the hydraulic press, corresponding to the "east", "south", "west" and "north" angles of the main cylinder body 2-11; S4: The main cylinder 1-1 is unlocked, and the lifting cylinder 1-4 falls back to the lowest position with the main cylinder body 1-11, and the pump is stopped; S5: The tooling cylinder 3 rises and lifts the main cylinder body 1-11; S6: Remove the main cylinder body flange 1- 13, press sleeve 1-14, seal 1-15, and connecting block 1-2 between master cylinder body 1-11 and lifting cylinder 1-4; S7: Master cylinder body 1-11 descends along with tooling oil cylinder 3 onto translation trolley body 2 of translation mechanism 2, and tooling oil cylinder 3 continues to descend to the lowest position; S8: Remove X-slider 1-6 from master cylinder body 1-11, and translation trolley 2 moves out of the hydraulic press body; S9: Use a truck crane and flatbed truck to transport master cylinder body 1-11 to the assembly room to replace guide sleeve 1-16; S10: With the new guide sleeve 1-16 installed, master cylinder body 1-11 is transported back to translation mechanism 2, and translation mechanism 2 is moved to the center mark of the hydraulic press; S11: Reverse the above steps to install the components on master cylinder body 1-11. The above steps address the shortcomings of the existing technology and propose an improved technical solution. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. When replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of the hydraulic press, the main cylinder body of the hydraulic press is disassembled from top to bottom, and the main cylinder body is transported out of the hydraulic press body. The main cylinder guide sleeve is disassembled and assembled non-destructively in the equipment room, and then the main cylinder body with the replaced guide sleeve is transported to the center of the hydraulic press and installed from bottom to top along the pressing center line of the hydraulic press. This improves the efficiency of replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve, reduces the damage to other parts during the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve, increases the safe service life of the hydraulic press, saves replacement costs, ensures installation accuracy, and provides operating specifications for the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press. 2. The tooling oil cylinder adopts a gas-liquid cylinder, the up and down movement speed of the main cylinder body is controllable, and the resistance is small during operation. The plunger head of the tooling oil cylinder is provided with a pad to protect the piston rod head from deformation and damage caused by abnormal external force. 3. The master cylinder guide sleeve removal process utilizes a gantry boring and milling machine to mill grooves, avoiding burns on the contact surface between the master cylinder body and the guide sleeve, which is common with conventional gas cutting. 4. The dedicated press-fitting fixture for the master cylinder guide sleeve utilizes a II-shaped structure. During press-fitting, the fixture operates simultaneously from both sides of the master cylinder body sleeve, facilitating force application. Nylon blocks are embedded at both ends of the fixture's pressure plate where the sleeve contacts the sleeve, protecting the sleeve from indentations during installation.The method for replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve of a large hydraulic press described in the present invention has simple steps. When replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press, the main cylinder body of the hydraulic press is disassembled from top to bottom and the main cylinder body is reinstalled from bottom to top along the pressing center line of the hydraulic press. This improves the replacement efficiency of the main cylinder guide sleeve, reduces the damage to other components caused by the main cylinder guide sleeve replacement process, protects the parts, and effectively standardizes the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press.

[0043] In step S2, master cylinder body 1-11 is locked and T-screw 1-5 is removed from the connection block between master cylinder body 1-11 and lift cylinder 1-4. The specific steps are: remove the Haval protective ring at the bottom of connection block 1-2; remove the nut of T-screw 1-5 at the top of connection block 1-2; lower lift cylinder 1-4 to expose the spherical pad, and extract T-screw 1-5; and raise lift cylinder 1-4 to return to the jacking position. The above steps further define step S2 to reliably lock master cylinder body 1-11 and remove T-screw 1-5 from the connection block between master cylinder body 1-11 and lift cylinder 1-4, facilitating extraction of T-screw 1-5.

[0044] In step S5, the tooling oil cylinder 3 lifts up the main cylinder body 1-11. The specific steps are as follows: open the valve on the valve block of the tooling oil cylinder 3 of the hydraulic station, the pump starts to load, the tooling oil cylinder 3 slowly rises, and when the top cap above the piston rod hits the lower surface of the main cylinder body 1-11, slowly raise the tooling oil cylinder 3 to lift the main cylinder body 1-11 to the set distance position; close the valve on the valve block of the tooling oil cylinder 3 of the hydraulic station, observe whether the main cylinder body 1-11 has a downward slip phenomenon, if so, check the hydraulic circuit and eliminate the source of the fault; when the main cylinder body 1-11 remains stable, stop the pump; place the support frame 4 on the upper surface of the translation trolley body 2-2, and the support frame 4 is located at a set distance position from the lower surface of the main cylinder body 1-11. The above steps further limit step S3 to achieve the tooling oil cylinder 3 lifting up the main cylinder body 1-11, and then drive the support frame for reliable support through the trolley.

[0045] In step S7, the main cylinder body 1-11 falls onto the translation mechanism 2 along with the tooling oil cylinder 3. The specific steps are as follows: 1) After the connecting block 1-2 is removed, slowly open the throttle valve of the control oil cylinder on the valve block of the tooling oil cylinder 3, loosen it a circle first, and observe whether the main cylinder body 1-11 falls. If the main cylinder body 1-11 does not fall, slowly open the throttle valve on the valve block, loosen it a circle first, and observe whether the main cylinder body 1-11 falls. If the main cylinder body 1-11 does not fall, slowly open the overflow valve on the valve block until the main cylinder body 1-11 falls. The cylinder body 1-11 has a slow descending action. According to the descending speed of the main cylinder body 1-11, the opening of each valve is adjusted; 2) When the lower plane of the main cylinder body 1-11 descends to the set height position above the support frame 4, the relief valve and the throttle valve are closed to lock the tooling cylinder 3, and the support frame 4 is placed on the upper surface of the translation trolley body 2-2. After the support frame 4 is confirmed to be in place, the support frame 4 is removed and the support frame 4 is located at the set distance position below the lower surface of the main cylinder body 1-11; 3) The throttle valve and the relief valve are opened, and the main cylinder body 1- 11 continues to fall. When the main cylinder body 1-11 approaches the support frame 4, the overflow and throttle valves are closed again, the tooling oil cylinder 3 is locked, and the support frame 4 is placed on the upper surface of the translation trolley body 2-2. After the support frame 4 is confirmed to be in place, the support frame 4 is removed. The support frame 4 is located at a set distance from the lower surface of the main cylinder body 1-11; 4) the throttle valve and the overflow valve are opened, and the main cylinder body 1-11 continues to fall. When it approaches the support frame 4, the overflow and throttle valves are closed again, and the support frame 4 is removed; 5) the throttle valve and Overflow valve, the main cylinder body 1-11 slowly falls onto the translation mechanism 2, and after confirming that there is no abnormality in the translation trolley body 2-2, roller 2-23, and trolley track, inflate the piston rod of the tooling oil cylinder to the lowest position, and stop the air pump to cut off the power; before the main cylinder body 1-11 removes the connecting block 1-2 and during the descent, place the support frame 4 on the lower surface of the main cylinder body 1-11. The above steps further limit the S7 step. The support frame 4 mainly prevents the main cylinder body 1-11 from descending out of control and plays a temporary emergency support role. The number of times the support frame 4 is replaced and the length of the support frame 4 are determined according to the distance between the lower surface of the main cylinder body 1-11 and the upper surface of the translation trolley body 2-21. The support frame 4 of the present invention is made of metal material, such as steel, which effectively improves its own strength.

[0046] In step S9, the guide sleeve 1-16 is disassembled and assembled. The specific steps are as follows: the main cylinder body 1-11 is hoisted onto a gantry boring and milling machine, a longitudinal groove is milled along the inner side of the guide sleeve 1-16, the groove depth of which is close to the wall thickness of the guide sleeve 1-16. After the groove is cleaned, the guide sleeve 1-16 is removed; the processed guide sleeve 1-16 is assembled using the cold press method. The guide sleeve 1-16 is cooled with liquid nitrogen to the assembly size, hoisted into the main cylinder body 1-11, and press-assembled using the press-fitting tool 5. The above steps further define step S9, ensuring the reliable disassembly and assembly of the guide sleeve 1-16, and the cold press method is used to assemble the processed guide sleeve 1-16.

[0047] In step S3, the translation mechanism 2 includes a translation trolley body 2-2 and a translation mechanism base 2-1. A first track 2-3 and a second track 2-4 are arranged on the translation mechanism base 2-1. The first track 2-3 and the second track 2-4 are processed into a herringbone structure. The first track 2-3 and the second track 2-4 are fixed on the base 2-1. Mechanical limits 2-5 are arranged at both ends of the first track 2-3 and the second track 2-4 for positioning the translation trolley 2-2 at the extreme working positions. The body 2-2 of the translation trolley is a welded part. Π-shaped roller frames 2-22 are arranged on both sides of the lower part of the translation trolley body 2-2. A roller 2-23 with a single-sided wheel flange rides on the Π-shaped roller frame 2-22 through a roller shaft. The roller tread is rollingly connected to the track, and the single-sided wheel flange plays a guiding role.

[0048] In step S5, the tooling oil cylinder 3 is a gas-liquid cylinder, and hydraulic oil is introduced into the rodless chamber of the tooling oil cylinder 3, which has an adjustable pressure structure. The above steps are intended to ensure that back pressure is generated during the descent of the main cylinder body 1-11, thereby controlling the descent speed of the main cylinder body 1-11 and ensuring the working pressure required for the tooling oil cylinder 3 to drive the main cylinder body 1-11 upward. Compressed air is introduced into the rod chamber to ensure that the piston rod returns to zero position when unloaded and to reduce the resistance of the tooling oil cylinder 3 during operation. The end of the plunger of the tooling oil cylinder 3 is provided with a grooved pad 3-2 to protect the piston rod head of the tooling oil cylinder 3 from deformation and damage caused by abnormal external forces, thereby improving reliability.

[0049] In step S9, the pressing tool 5 includes a pressing plate 5-1, a supporting plate 5-2, an adjusting screw 5-3, and an adjusting screw sleeve 5-4, which adopts an I-shaped structure. The pressing plate 5-1 is connected to the upper part of the guide sleeve 1-16, and the pressing plate 5-1 is also connected to the lower end of the adjusting screw 5-3. Through holes are processed at both ends of the supporting plate 5-2, and the through holes correspond to the fixed threaded holes of the master cylinder pressing sleeve 1-14. The pressing tool support plate 5-2 is connected to the master cylinder body 1-11 through a threaded connector passing through the through holes. The upper end of the adjusting screw 5-3 is processed into a rectangular structure to facilitate the rotation of the adjusting screw 5-3. The adjusting screw sleeve 5-4 is fixed at the center position of the supporting plate and is rotatably connected to the adjusting screw 5-3. When pressing, the adjusting screw 5-3 is rotated to drive the pressing plate 5-1 downward, driving the master cylinder body guide sleeve 1-16 to slide down to the designed working contact surface of the master cylinder 1-1, protecting the pressing surface of the guide sleeve 1-16 from indentation when pressing. The pressing plate 5-1 two ends of the press-fitting tool 5 and the guide sleeve 1-16 contact portion are inlaid with a positioning block 5-5, and the positioning block is made of nylon or red copper or rubber or plastic material. Like this, the positioning block can not wear out the guide sleeve 1-16 when contacting with the guide sleeve 1-16 again.

[0050] The present invention also relates to a main cylinder structure of a large hydraulic press, which includes a main cylinder 1-1, a connecting block 1-2, a lifting cylinder 1-4, a T-screw 1-5, an X slider 1-6, a main cylinder body 1-11, a main cylinder body flange 1-13, a pressing sleeve 1-14, a seal 1-15, and a guide sleeve 1-16.

[0051] In summary, the innovations of the present invention are: 1. When replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of the hydraulic press, the main cylinder body of the hydraulic press is disassembled from top to bottom and the main cylinder body is reinstalled from bottom to top along the pressing center line of the hydraulic press, which improves the efficiency of replacing the main cylinder guide sleeve, reduces the damage to other parts during the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve, and provides an operating specification for the replacement of the main cylinder guide sleeve of the hydraulic press. 2. The tooling oil cylinder adopts a gas-liquid cylinder, and the speed of the up and down movement of the main cylinder body is controllable, with low resistance during operation. The head of the tooling oil cylinder plunger is provided with a pad to protect the piston rod head from deformation and damage caused by abnormal external force. 3. The main cylinder guide sleeve removal process adopts the gantry boring and milling machine groove milling method to dismantle it, avoiding the conventional gas cutting method to remove the guide sleeve and cause burns to the contact surface between the main cylinder body and the guide sleeve. 4. The special press-fitting tooling for the master cylinder guide sleeve adopts a II-shaped structure. When pressing, it is implemented from both sides of the master cylinder guide sleeve at the same time, which makes it easy to apply force. Nylon blocks are inlaid on both ends of the press-fitting tooling pressure plate and the contact part with the press sleeve to protect the guide sleeve from indentation when the press sleeve is pressed.

[0052] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of a large hydraulic press, characterized by: The large hydraulic press master cylinder guide sleeve replacement method uses a large hydraulic press master cylinder structure comprising a master cylinder (1-1), a connecting block (1-2), a lifting cylinder (1-4), a T-screw (1-5), an X-slider (1-6), a master cylinder body (1-11), a master cylinder body flange (1-13), a pressing sleeve (1-14), a seal (1-15), and a guide sleeve (1-16); The replacement steps of the large hydraulic press master cylinder guide sleeve replacement method are as follows: S1: The main cylinder body (1-11) falls to the working position, and the upper mold device and the lower mold device are removed; S2: The master cylinder body (1-11) rises to the highest position and is locked, and the T-screw (1-5) of the connection block between the master cylinder body (1-11) and the lifting cylinder (1-4) is removed; S3: The translation mechanism base (2-1) is hoisted into the center part of the hydraulic press and falls on the upper surface of the lower beam (1-3). The tooling cylinder (3) falls into the process hole of the lower beam (1-3) of the hydraulic press, corresponding to the four angles of "east", "south", "west" and "north" of the main cylinder body (1-11); S4: The master cylinder (1-1) is unlocked, the lifting cylinder (1-4) falls back to the lowest position along with the master cylinder body (1-11), and the pump stops; S5: The tooling oil cylinder (3) rises and lifts up the main cylinder body (1-11); S6: Remove the master cylinder body flange (1-13), compression sleeve (1-14), seal (1-15), and the connecting block (1-2) between the master cylinder body (1-11) and the lift cylinder (1-4). S7: The main cylinder body (1-11) falls onto the translation mechanism (2) along with the tooling oil cylinder (3), and the tooling oil cylinder (3) continues to fall to the lowest position; S8: Remove the X slider (1-6) on the main cylinder body (1-11), and move the translation mechanism (2) out of the hydraulic press body; S9: The truck crane and flatbed truck work together to transport the master cylinder body (1-11) to the assembly room to replace the guide sleeve (1-16); S10: The main cylinder body (1-11) with the new guide sleeve (1-16) installed is transported back to the translation mechanism (2), and the translation mechanism (2) is moved to the center mark of the hydraulic press; S11: Install the components on the master cylinder body (1-11) in reverse order according to the above steps.

2. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the master cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the main cylinder body (1-11) is locked, and the T-screw (1-5) of the connection block between the main cylinder body (1-11) and the lifting cylinder (1-4) is removed. The specific steps are as follows: remove the Haval protective ring at the bottom of the connection block (1-2); remove the nut of the T-screw (1-5) at the top of the connection block (1-2); the lifting cylinder (1-4) falls back to expose the spherical pad, and the T-screw (1-5) is pulled out; the lifting cylinder (1-4) rises and returns to the jacking position.

3. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the master cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the tooling oil cylinder (3) lifts the main cylinder body (1-11), and the specific steps are as follows: open the valve on the valve block of the tooling oil cylinder (3) of the hydraulic station, the pump starts to load, and the tooling oil cylinder (3) slowly rises. When the top cap above the piston rod hits the lower surface of the main cylinder body (1-11), the tooling oil cylinder (3) is slowly raised to lift the main cylinder body (1-11) to the set distance position; close the valve on the valve block of the tooling oil cylinder (3) of the hydraulic station, observe whether the main cylinder body (1-11) slides down, if so, check the hydraulic circuit and eliminate the fault source; when the main cylinder body (1-11) remains stable, stop the pump; place the support frame (4) on the upper surface of the translation trolley body (2-2), and the support frame (4) is located at the set distance position below the lower surface of the main cylinder body (1-11).

4. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the main cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S7, the main cylinder body (1-11) falls onto the translation mechanism (2) along with the tooling oil cylinder (3). The specific steps are as follows: 1) After the connecting block (1-2) is removed, slowly open the throttle valve of the control oil cylinder on the valve block of the tooling oil cylinder (3), loosen it one turn first, and observe whether the main cylinder body (1-11) falls. If the main cylinder body (1-11) does not fall, slowly open the throttle valve on the valve block, loosen it one turn first, and observe whether the main cylinder body (1-11) falls. If the main cylinder body (1-11) does not fall, slowly open the overflow valve on the valve block until the main cylinder body (1-11) slowly falls. According to the speed of the main cylinder body (1-11) falling, adjust the opening of each valve; 2) The lower plane of the main cylinder body (1-11) falls When the height position is set above the support frame (4), the overflow valve and the throttle valve are closed and the tooling oil cylinder (3) is locked. The support frame (4) is placed on the upper surface of the translation trolley body (2-2). After the support frame (4) is confirmed to be in place, the support frame (4) is removed. The support frame 4 is located at a set distance position below the main cylinder body (1-11); 3) the throttle valve and the overflow valve are opened, and the main cylinder body (1-11) continues to fall. When the main cylinder body (1-11) approaches the support frame (4), the overflow valve and the throttle valve are closed again, and the tooling oil cylinder (3) is locked. The support frame (4) is placed on the upper surface of the translation trolley body (2-2). After the support frame (4) is confirmed to be in place, the support frame (4) is removed. The support frame (4) is located at a set distance position below the main cylinder body (1-11).

5. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the master cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S7: 4) the throttle valve and the relief valve are opened, and the main cylinder body (1-11) continues to fall. When it approaches the support frame (4), the relief valve and the throttle valve are closed again, and the support frame (4) is removed; 5) the throttle valve and the relief valve are then opened, and the main cylinder body (1-11) slowly falls onto the translation mechanism (2). After confirming that there are no abnormalities in the translation trolley body (2-2), the roller (2-23), and the trolley track, the piston rod of the tooling oil cylinder is pressed to the lowest position by inflating, and the air pump is stopped and the power is cut off; before the main cylinder body (1-11) is removed from the connecting block (1-2) and during the descent process, the support frame (4) is placed on the lower surface of the main cylinder body (1-11).

6. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the master cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S9, the guide sleeve (1-16) is disassembled and assembled. The specific steps are as follows: the main cylinder body (1-11) is hoisted onto a gantry boring and milling machine, and a longitudinal groove is milled along the inner side of the guide sleeve (1-16). The groove depth is close to the wall thickness of the guide sleeve (1-16). After the groove is cleaned, the guide sleeve (1-16) is removed; the processed guide sleeve (1-16) is assembled by a cold pressing method. The guide sleeve (1-16) is cooled by liquid nitrogen to reach the assembly size, hoisted into the main cylinder body (1-11), and pressed using a pressing tool (5).

7. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the master cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the translation mechanism (2) includes a translation trolley body (2-2) and a translation mechanism base (2-1); a first track (2-3) and a second track (2-4) are arranged on the translation mechanism base (2-1); the first track (2-3) and the second track (2-4) are processed into a herringbone structure; the first track (2-3) and the second track (2-4) are fixed on the translation mechanism base (2-1); a mechanical limiter (2-5) is arranged at both ends of the first track (2-3) and the second track (2-4); the translation trolley body (2-2) is a welded part; Π-shaped roller frames (2-22) are arranged on both sides of the lower part of the translation trolley body (2-2); a roller (2-23) with a single-sided wheel flange rides on the Π-shaped roller frame (2-22) through a roller shaft, and the roller tread is in rolling connection with the track.

8. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the master cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the tooling oil cylinder (3) adopts a gas-liquid cylinder, and the rodless cavity of the tooling oil cylinder (3) is filled with hydraulic oil, so that the pressure can be adjusted.

9. The method for replacing the guide sleeve of the master cylinder of a large hydraulic press according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S9, the press-fitting tool (5) includes a pressing plate (5-1), a supporting plate (5-2), an adjusting screw (5-3), and an adjusting screw sleeve (5-4), and adopts an I-shaped structure. The pressing plate (5-1) is connected to the upper part of the guide sleeve (1-16), and the pressing plate (5-1) is also connected to the lower end of the adjusting screw (5-3). Through holes are processed at both ends of the supporting plate (5-2), and the through holes correspond to the fixed threaded holes of the main cylinder pressing sleeve (1-14). The pressing tool support plate (5-2) is threaded through the through holes. The connecting piece is connected to the main cylinder body (1-11), and the upper end of the adjusting screw (5-3) is processed into a rectangular parallelepiped structure to facilitate the rotation of the adjusting screw (5-3). The adjusting screw sleeve (5-4) is fixed at the center of the support plate and is rotationally connected to the adjusting screw (5-3). When pressing, the adjusting screw (5-3) is rotated to drive the pressing plate (5-1) downward, driving the guide sleeve (1-16) to slide down to the designed working contact surface of the main cylinder (1-1), protecting the guide sleeve (1-16) from generating indentations when pressing.

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