A water and fertilizer retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening to promote root growth and its application

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of water and fertilizer retaining soil conditioners, and discloses a water and fertilizer retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and promoting root growth and its application. It is composed of the following weight components: 15-30 parts of chitosan, 5-20 parts of ammonium lauryl ethoxysulfate, 3-10 parts of humic acid, 2-3 parts of bacillus agent, 1-3 parts of water retaining agent, 0.5-3 parts of trichoderma harzianum agent, and 0.5-5 parts of carotenoid. The soil conditioner prepared by the present invention can be used to repair soil polluted by heavy metals, change the physical and chemical properties of the soil, reduce the exchangeable state of metals in the soil environment, reduce the absorption of heavy metals by plants, and reduce the harm of heavy metals to the ecological environment and human health. The soil conditioner prepared by the present invention can be used to repair saline-alkali soil, reduce the soil pH value and the salt content of the soil. The soil conditioner prepared by the present invention can promote the decomposition of soil organic matter, increase the content of available nutrients in the soil, and can play a role in improving the soil structure and retaining water and fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water and fertilizer retaining soil conditioners, and particularly to a water and fertilizer retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and promoting root growth and its application. Background Technique

[0002] Salinization can lead to low yields or non-growth of crops. Most of the saline-alkali lands in China are distributed in arid, semi-arid and semi-humid regions, which are located in the fragile zone of the natural ecological environment in China, where both unfavorable and favorable agricultural production conditions coexist. Most regions have rich climate resources, deep soil layers, flat terrain, and certain potential for water resource development. With relatively few people and more land, the agricultural ecological potential is relatively large. Once the dominant restrictive factor of land salinization is eliminated, the huge potential of the agricultural ecological system will surely be exerted. The treatment and prevention of land salinization have very important practical significance for the prevention and control of the degradation of the agricultural ecological system, ecological environment protection and future food security. At present, many studies are dedicated to improving saline-alkali soil.

[0003] At present, the area of cultivated land polluted by heavy metals such as Cd, As, Pb, Cr, Hg in China is 26.67 million hm2, accounting for about 1 / 5 of the total cultivated land area in the country. Among them, the area of cultivated land polluted by Cd is 11.33 million hm2, involving 25 regions in 11 provinces. Heavy metal pollutants are persistent pollutants, and the harm to the environment and human body is difficult to eliminate. Heavy metals have the characteristics of strong chemical activity, large mobility and persistent toxicity. They are difficult to degrade in the environment. Their accumulation and migration in the soil not only cause changes in the composition, structure and function of the soil, but also inhibit the root function and photosynthesis of crops, resulting in crop yield reduction or even crop failure. More importantly, heavy metals migrate into the human body through the food chain and slowly accumulate in the human body, causing chronic heavy metal poisoning in the human body, resulting in damage to the kidneys, liver, lungs, bones, reproductive organs, immune system and cardiovascular system, and causing great harm to human health.

[0004] The soil conditioner of the present invention is applied to saline-alkali and heavy metal polluted soils, changes the physical and chemical properties in the soil, reduces the mobility and bioavailability of metals in the soil environment, reduces the absorption of heavy metals by plants, and reduces the harm of heavy metals to the ecological environment and human health; for saline-alkali soil, it can reduce its salt content. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water and fertilizer retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and promoting root growth and its application, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0006] According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a water and fertilizer retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and promoting root growth, which is composed of the following weight components: 15-30 parts of chitosan, 5-20 parts of ammonium lauryl ethoxysulfate, 3-10 parts of humic acid, 2-3 parts of bacillus agent, 1-3 parts of water retaining agent, 0.5-3 parts of trichoderma harzianum agent, and 0.5-5 parts of carotenoid.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the content of trichoderma harzianum in the trichoderma harzianum agent is 2.0×10-2.5×10 cfu / g.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the content of bacillus in the bacillus agent is 2.5×10-3.0×10 cfu / g.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the water retaining agent is one or two of sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate and polyacrylamide.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the soil conditioner further includes auxiliary materials.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary materials include an antifreeze agent and a thickening agent, and the mixing weight ratio of the antifreeze agent and the thickening agent is 1:1;

[0012] The antifreeze agent is one of ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and sodium nitrate;

[0013] The thickening agent is one of bentonite and diatomite.

[0014] According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a preparation method for the water and fertilizer retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and promoting root growth as described above, including the following steps:

[0015] Uniformly mix chitosan, ammonium lauryl ethoxysulfate, humic acid, bacillus agent, water retaining agent, trichoderma harzianum agent and carotenoid;

[0016] Feed the mixture into a drying oven for drying, and thus obtain the soil conditioner.

[0017] According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an application of the water and fertilizer retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and promoting root growth in the field of soil remediation.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the application method is as follows:

[0019] Mix the soil conditioner and water in a weight ratio of 1:2500-3000 to make a mixed solution;

[0020] Uniformly apply the mixed solution to the soil to be repaired.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the heavy metals in the soil to be repaired are one or two of Cu, Pb, and Cd;

[0022] The salt content of the soil to be repaired is ≥0.1%, and the pH is ≥8.5.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. The soil conditioner prepared by the present invention can be used to repair heavy metal-contaminated soil, change the physical and chemical properties in the soil, reduce the exchangeable state of metals in the soil environment, reduce the absorption of heavy metals by plants, and reduce the harm of heavy metals to the ecological environment and human health.

[0025] 2. The soil conditioner prepared by the present invention can be used to repair saline-alkali soil, reduce the soil pH value and the salt content of the soil.

[0026] 3. The soil conditioner prepared by the present invention can promote the decomposition of soil organic matter, increase the content of available nutrients in the soil, and can play a role in improving the soil structure, retaining water and fertilizer.

[0027] 4. The components of the soil conditioner of the present invention are simple, and the preparation method is simple, which is conducive to large-scale production. Specific Embodiments

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A water-retaining and fertilizer-preserving soil conditioner for no-till soil loosening and promoting root growth is composed of the following weight components: 15 parts of chitosan, 5 parts of ammonium lauryl ethoxysulfate, 8 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of bacillus agent, 2 parts of water-retaining agent, 2 parts of trichoderma harzianum agent, and 3 parts of carotenoid.

[0031] The content of trichoderma harzianum in the trichoderma harzianum agent is 2.5×10 cfu / g, and the content of bacillus in the bacillus agent is 2.5×10 cfu / g.

[0032] The application method of the soil conditioner in this example in the field of soil repair is: the soil conditioner and water are applied to the soil to be repaired at a weight ratio of 1:2500.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] A water and fertilizer retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and promoting root growth, which is composed of the following weight components: 20 parts of chitosan, 10 parts of ammonium lauryl ethoxysulfate, 8 parts of humic acid, 2.3 parts of bacillus agent, 2 parts of water retaining agent, 2 parts of trichoderma harzianum agent, and 3 parts of carotenoid.

[0035] The content of Trichoderma harzianum in the Trichoderma harzianum agent is 2.5×10 cfu / g, and the content of Bacillus in the Bacillus agent is 2.5×10 cfu / g.

[0036] The application method of the soil conditioner in this example in the field of soil remediation is: the soil conditioner and water are applied to the soil to be repaired at a weight ratio of 1:2500.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] A water and fertilizer retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and promoting root growth, which is composed of the following weight components: 25 parts of chitosan, 15 parts of ammonium lauryl ethoxysulfate, 8 parts of humic acid, 2.5 parts of bacillus agent, 2 parts of water retaining agent, 2 parts of trichoderma harzianum agent, and 3 parts of carotenoid.

[0039] The content of Trichoderma harzianum in the Trichoderma harzianum agent is 2.5×10 cfu / g, and the content of Bacillus in the Bacillus agent is 2.5×10 cfu / g.

[0040] The application method of the soil conditioner in this example in the field of soil remediation is: the soil conditioner and water are applied to the soil to be repaired at a weight ratio of 1:2500.

[0041] Example 4

[0042] A water and fertilizer retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and promoting root growth, which is composed of the following weight components: 30 parts of chitosan, 20 parts of ammonium lauryl ethoxysulfate, 8 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of bacillus agent, 2 parts of water retaining agent, 2 parts of trichoderma harzianum agent, and 3 parts of carotenoid.

[0043] The content of Trichoderma harzianum in the Trichoderma harzianum agent is 2.5×10 cfu / g, and the content of Bacillus in the Bacillus agent is 2.5×10 cfu / g.

[0044] The application method of the soil conditioner in this example in the field of soil remediation is: the soil conditioner and water are applied to the soil to be repaired at a weight ratio of 1:2500.

[0045] Experimental Example 1

[0046] Experimental setup: 4 treatment groups (Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Example 4) and a control group (soil without applying soil conditioner).

[0047] Experimental steps:

[0048] 1. Prepare 5 groups of soils contaminated with heavy metal Cd under the same conditions, with 5 pots in each group, and the content of heavy metal Cd is 7.83 mg / kg.

[0049] 2. Add the corresponding soil conditioner to each group of samples respectively or not (control group).

[0050] 3. Cultivate for 30 days under the set experimental conditions (temperature 25 °C, humidity 55%).

[0051] Sample regularly and measure the content changes of exchangeable, carbonate-bound, iron-manganese-bound, organic and sulfide-bound, and residual forms of heavy metal Cd in the soil. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1 Changes in the contents of different forms of Cd in the soil under the conditions of different examples

[0053]

[0054] As can be seen from Table 1, by using the conditioners in Examples 1-4 to repair heavy metal Cd in the contaminated soil, the content of exchangeable Cd in the soil before repair was 43.58%. After repair, the exchangeable Cd in the soil was converted into carbonate-bound, iron-manganese-bound, organic and sulfide-bound, and residual forms, resulting in a decrease in the content of exchangeable Cd in the soil. Among them, treating the soil with the conditioner in Example 1 decreased the content of exchangeable Cd in the soil by 5.85%, treating the soil with the conditioner in Example 2 decreased the content of exchangeable Cd in the soil by 8.91%, treating the soil with the conditioner in Example 3 decreased the content of exchangeable Cd in the soil by 12.44%, and treating the soil with the conditioner in Example 4 decreased the content of exchangeable Cd in the soil by 11.4%. For the repair effect of Cd, Example 3 > Example 4 > Example 2 > Example 1.

[0055] In summary, it can be seen that the conditioner provided in the embodiments of the present invention can effectively repair heavy metal-contaminated soil.

[0056] Experimental Example 2

[0057] Experimental setup: 4 treatment groups (Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Example 4) and a control group (soil without applying soil conditioner).

[0058] Experimental steps:

[0059] 1. Prepare 5 groups of saline-alkali soils under the same conditions, with 5 pots in each group.

[0060] 2. Add the corresponding soil conditioner to each group of samples respectively or not (control group).

[0061] 3. Cultivate for 30 days under the set experimental conditions (temperature 25°C, humidity 55%).

[0062] Sample regularly and measure the changes in soil pH and soil salt content. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0063] Table 2 Changes in soil pH and soil salt content under different example conditions

[0064] Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Control group Soil pH 8.74 8.73 8.72 8.72 8.77 Soil oxygen content % 0.197 0.190 0.184 0.184 0.236

[0065] As can be seen from Table 2, for the saline-alkali soil repaired by the conditioners in Examples 1-4, the pH of the soil before repair was 8.77 and the salt content was 0.236%. After adding the conditioner, both the soil pH and the salt content decreased. In terms of the repair effect on the saline-alkali soil, Example 3 = Example 4 > Example 2 > Example 1.

[0066] In summary, it can be seen that the conditioner provided in the embodiments of the present invention can effectively repair saline-alkali soil.

[0067] Experimental Example 3

[0068] Experimental setup: 4 treatment groups (Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Example 4) and a control group (soil without applying soil conditioner).

[0069] Experimental steps:

[0070] 1. Prepare 5 groups of saline-alkali soil under the same conditions, with 5 pots in each group.

[0071] 2. Add the corresponding soil conditioner to each group of samples or not (control group).

[0072] 3. Cultivate for 30 days under the set experimental conditions (temperature 25°C, humidity 55%).

[0073] 4. Sample regularly and measure the changes in soil fertilizer efficiency. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0074] Table 3 Changes in soil nutrient content under different example conditions

[0075]

[0076] As can be seen from Table 3, for the saline-alkali soil repaired by the conditioners in Examples 1-4, after adding the conditioner, the contents of total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium, and available potassium in the soil all increased. In terms of improving soil fertility, Example 4 ≈ Example 3 > Example 2 > Example 1.

[0077] In summary, it can be seen that the conditioner provided in the embodiments of the present invention can effectively improve soil fertility.

[0078] In summary, based on the results of the comprehensive examples, the effects of chitosan, ammonium lauryl ethoxysulfate, and Bacillus agents with different contents on soil remediation vary greatly. In order to improve the soil remediation effect, the present invention finally determines that the active ingredients of the soil conditioner are composed of chitosan, ammonium lauryl ethoxysulfate, humic acid, Bacillus agent, water retaining agent, Trichoderma harzianum agent, and carotenoid in a weight ratio of 25:15:8:2.5:2:2:3.

[0079] Chitosan can promote the decomposition of soil organic matter. Especially in poor soils, chitosan can significantly increase the decomposition rate of soil organic matter, improve soil fertility, and enhance fertilizer utilization efficiency. Chitosan can adsorb or precipitate heavy metals, thereby remediating heavy metal-polluted soils, increasing the adsorption rate of heavy metals in the soil, and reducing the migration of heavy metals in the soil. Chitosan can increase the water content and water retention capacity of the soil, improve soil structure, promote the activity of soil microorganisms, and increase soil fertility. Chitosan can also induce plants to produce a variety of resistance substances, inhibit diseases caused by pathogenic organisms such as viruses, fungi, bacteria, and nematodes, and improve the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops. These effects jointly promote the healthy growth of plants and improve the yield and quality of agricultural crops.

[0080] Ammonium lauryl ethoxysulfate is an amphoteric surfactant composed of a non-polar lipophilic (hydrophobic) hydrocarbon chain group and a polar hydrophilic (lipophobic) group, and the two parts are located at both ends, showing an asymmetric structure. By virtue of its charge, it adopts a unique orientation arrangement relative to the water medium and forms a certain structure, adsorbing on the solution surface and forming micelles inside the solution, thus having a certain effect of preventing soil caking. Its high content of anions and cations can condition and improve the soil pH, salt content, etc. through ion bridge exchange, promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, enhance soil permeability, and deepen the tillage layer.

[0081] Bacillus provides a protective film for the soil to prevent the loss of fertilizer and water. Bacillus has a strong ability to decompose organic matter and releases highly active decomposition enzymes, decomposing difficult-to-decompose macromolecular substances into utilizable small-molecular substances, producing rich metabolic products, and can synthesize a variety of organic acids, enzymes, physiological activities, and other nutrients that are easily utilized. Bacillus has the ability to inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms such as harmful bacteria and pathogenic bacteria, and can decompose organic substances, organic sulfides, organic nitrogen, etc. that produce malodorous gases, greatly improving the environment of the place.

[0082] Trichoderma harzianum is mainly used to prevent plant diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria such as Rhizopus nigricans, Cylindrocarpon, Pythium, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium, Sclerotium rolfsii, etc., and to control foliar fungal diseases such as downy mildew, powdery mildew, gray mold, leaf mold, leaf spot, etc. of flowers, fruit trees, vegetables and other crops in the field and greenhouse.

[0083] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and root growth promotion, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following components by weight: 15-30 parts of chitosan, 5-20 parts of lauryl ethoxyammonium sulfate, 3-10 parts of humic acid, 2-3 parts of bacillus agent, 1-3 parts of water retaining agent, 0.5-3 parts of Trichoderma harzianum agent, and 0.5-5 parts of carotenoid; The content of Trichoderma harzianum in the Trichoderma harzianum agent is 2.0×10-2.5×10 cfu / g; The Bacillus content in the Bacillus agent is 2.5×10-3.0×10 cfu / g; The water- and fertilizer-retaining soil conditioner is used for repairing heavy metal Cd in contaminated soil.

2. The water- and fertilizer-retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and root growth promotion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-retaining agent is one or two of sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate and polyacrylamide.

3. The water- and fertilizer-retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and root growth promotion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil conditioner further comprises auxiliary materials.

4. The water- and fertilizer-retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and root growth promotion according to claim 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary materials include antifreeze and thickener, and the mixing weight ratio of the antifreeze and thickener is 1:1; The antifreeze agent is one of ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and sodium nitrate; The thickener is one of bentonite and diatomaceous earth.

5. A method for preparing the water- and fertilizer-retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and root growth promotion according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: uniformly mixing chitosan, ammonium lauryl ethoxysulfate, humic acid, bacillus agent, water-retaining agent, Trichoderma harzianum agent and carotenoid; The mixture is sent to a drying oven for drying to obtain a soil conditioner.

6. Use of the water- and fertilizer-retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and root growth promotion according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the field of soil remediation.

7. Application of the water- and fertilizer-retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and root growth promotion according to claim 6 in the field of soil remediation, characterized in that: The application method is: Thoroughly mix the soil conditioner and water at a weight ratio of 1:2500-3000 to prepare a mixed solution; Apply the mixture evenly to the soil to be repaired.

8. The water- and fertilizer-retaining soil conditioner for no-tillage soil loosening and root growth promotion according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heavy metals in the soil to be remediated are one or two of Cu, Pb and Cd; The soil to be repaired has a salt content of ≥0.1% and a pH of ≥8.5.

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