Low-temperature high-damping aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof
By mixing NiTi particles with different pre-aging states in aluminum-based materials and using friction stir processing technology, the problem of insufficient low-temperature damping performance of aluminum-based composite materials is solved, significantly improving its low-temperature phase change damping performance and temperature zone, and broadening its Application scope.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411265870.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
AI Technical Summary
The poor damping performance of aluminum-based composite materials in the low temperature range limits their application in the field of vibration and noise reduction. It is difficult to exert the advantage of phase change damping by a single NiTi particle enhancement.
By mixing NiTi particles with different pre-aging states in the aluminum-based material, using solid solution treatment and friction stir processing technology, an aluminum-based composite material with mixed NiTi particles is prepared to broaden its phase change damping temperature zone.
It significantly improves the low-temperature phase change damping performance of aluminum-based composite materials, enhances the internal dissipation value of room temperature and low temperature, broadens the phase change damping temperature zone, and is better than aluminum matrix materials.
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Figure CN119287222A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a low-temperature high-damping aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Aluminum-based composites have the advantages of low density, high strength, and good corrosion resistance. They are widely used in rail transportation, aerospace, and mechanical manufacturing. With the development of industrial modernization, mechanical parts must not only meet conventional use requirements, but also have good damping performance. However, the low-temperature (-100℃~100℃) damping performance of the aluminum matrix material itself is poor, which limits the application of its composite materials in the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction. NiTi alloy has excellent low-temperature damping performance, and the phase change process of NiTi alloy can be changed by heat treatment, thereby improving its damping characteristics. The introduction of NiTi particles into the aluminum matrix can effectively enhance the low-temperature damping performance of aluminum-based composites, but the phase change internal friction peak of single NiTi particle-reinforced aluminum-based composites is small, and it is difficult to give full play to its phase change damping advantage. Particle hybrid reinforced metal-based composites have become a new direction in the research of metal-based composites due to their high designability, multi-phase synergistic enhancement effect, and excellent comprehensive performance. Therefore, the use of hybrid reinforcement technology to mix NiTi particles of different pre-aging states into aluminum matrix is expected to make aluminum matrix composites have more low-temperature phase transition internal friction peaks and a wider low-temperature phase transition damping temperature range, which is conducive to broadening the application of aluminum alloys in the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction. So far, no research reports have been found on the preparation of low-temperature high-damping aluminum matrix composites using hybrid reinforcement of NiTi particles of different pre-aging states. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature high-damping aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method thereof.
[0004] In the low-temperature high-damping aluminum-based composite material involved in the present invention, the reinforcement phase is NiTi particles (particle size 45-100 μm) in different aging states, and the matrix is an aluminum plate.
[0005] The specific steps of the preparation method of the low temperature high damping aluminum-based composite material are as follows:
[0006] (1) The original NiTi particles were loaded into a quartz tube and subjected to a solution treatment at 850 °C for 0.5 h in an argon protective atmosphere using a vacuum tube furnace. The original NiTi particles were then subjected to a pre-aging treatment at 450 °C, 550 °C and 650 °C for 3 h, respectively, to obtain 450 °C-NiTi, 550 °C-NiTi and 650 °C-NiTi particles.
[0007] (2) Using a V-type mixer, NiTi particles of different aging states are mixed in a ratio of 1:1 to obtain mixed NiTi particles;
[0008] (3) Drill prefabricated holes on the aluminum alloy plate with a diameter of 4 mm, a depth of 5 mm, and a spacing of 2 mm between holes;
[0009] (4) The mixed NiTi particles were added to the prefabricated holes of the aluminum plate to obtain a prefabricated plate, and then a headless stirring needle was used to perform a friction stir processing (FSP) to seal the prefabricated plate to obtain a sealed plate. Finally, a stirring head with a stirring needle was used to perform four passes of FSP on the sealed plate, with a rotation speed of 400-800 rpm / min, a travel speed of 100 mm / min, and a pressure of 0.5 mm per pass to obtain a mixed NiTi particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material.
[0010] The hybrid NiTi particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material prepared by the present invention has excellent low-temperature phase change damping performance. The use of hybrid NiTi particles as a reinforcement phase can not only effectively improve the low-temperature damping performance of aluminum alloys, but also broaden the phase change damping temperature range of the material. At room temperature (27°C), the internal friction value of the composite material is 0.0072~0.0094, which is 42%~115% higher than that of its corresponding aluminum matrix material; at -90°C, the internal friction value of the composite material is 0.0069~0.0095, which is 77%~152% higher than that of its corresponding aluminum matrix material. During the heating process, the maximum phase change damping temperature range of the composite material is 105°C; during the cooling process, the maximum phase change damping temperature range of the composite material is 90°C. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] Figure 1 Metallographic structure photograph of the composite material in Example 1.
[0012] Figure 2 Internal friction-temperature curve of the composite material in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] Example 1
[0014] The original NiTi particles were loaded into a quartz tube, and were solution treated at 850℃ for 0.5 h in an argon protective atmosphere using a vacuum tube furnace. Then, they were pre-aged at 550℃ and 650℃ for 3 h, respectively, to obtain 550℃-NiTi and 650℃-NiTi particles. NiTi particles of different aging states were mixed in a 1:1 ratio using a V-type mixer to obtain mixed NiTi particles. Prefabricated holes with a diameter of 4 mm, a depth of 5 mm, and a hole spacing of 2 mm were drilled on a 1060 aluminum alloy plate. The mixed NiTi particles were added to the prefabricated holes of the 1060 aluminum plate to obtain a prefabricated plate, and then a headless stirring needle was used to perform a FSP sealing on the prefabricated plate to obtain a sealed plate. Finally, a stirring head with a stirring needle was used to perform four passes of FSP on the sealing plate at a rotation speed of 400 rpm / min, a travel speed of 100 mm / min, and a pressing amount of 0.5 mm per pass to obtain a mixed NiTi particle reinforced 1060 aluminum matrix composite material.
[0015] The internal friction value of the composite material in this example is 0.0077 at room temperature (27°C), which is 42% higher than that of the corresponding 1060 aluminum matrix material (FSPed 1060 Al); the internal friction value is 0.0069 at -90°C, which is 77% higher than that of the corresponding 1060 aluminum matrix material. During the heating process, the phase change damping temperature range of the composite material is 105°C; during the cooling process, the phase change damping temperature range of the composite material is 65°C.
[0016] Example 2
[0017] The original NiTi particles were loaded into a quartz tube, and were solution treated at 850℃ for 0.5 h in an argon protective atmosphere using a vacuum tube furnace. Then, they were pre-aged at 550℃ and 650℃ for 3 h, respectively, to obtain 550℃-NiTi and 650℃-NiTi particles. NiTi particles of different aging states were mixed in a 1:1 ratio using a V-type mixer to obtain mixed NiTi particles. Prefabricated holes with a diameter of 4 mm, a depth of 5 mm, and a hole spacing of 2 mm were drilled on a 5052 aluminum alloy plate. The mixed NiTi particles were added to the prefabricated holes of the 5052 aluminum plate to obtain a prefabricated plate, and then a headless stirring needle was used to perform a FSP sealing on the prefabricated plate to obtain a sealed plate. Finally, a stirring head with a stirring needle was used to perform four passes of FSP on the sealing plate at a rotation speed of 800 rpm / min, a travel speed of 100 mm / min, and a pressing amount of 0.5 mm per pass to obtain a mixed NiTi particle reinforced 5052 aluminum-based composite material.
[0018] The internal friction value of the composite material in this example is 0.0094 at room temperature (27°C), which is 115% higher than that of the corresponding 5052 aluminum matrix material; the internal friction value is 0.0079 at -90°C, which is 119% higher than that of the corresponding 5052 aluminum matrix material. During the heating process, the phase change damping temperature range of the composite material is 92°C; during the cooling process, the phase change damping temperature range of the composite material is 90°C.
[0019] Example 3
[0020] The original NiTi particles were loaded into a quartz tube, and were solution treated at 850℃ for 0.5 h in an argon protective atmosphere using a vacuum tube furnace. Then, they were pre-aged at 450℃, 550℃ and 650℃ for 3 h, respectively, to obtain 450℃-NiTi, 550℃-NiTi and 650℃-NiTi particles. The NiTi particles of different aging states were mixed in a ratio of 1:1 using a V-type mixer to obtain mixed NiTi particles. Prefabricated holes with a diameter of 4 mm, a depth of 5 mm and a hole spacing of 2 mm were drilled on a 6061 aluminum alloy plate. The mixed NiTi particles were added to the prefabricated holes of the 6061 aluminum plate to obtain a prefabricated plate, and then the prefabricated plate was sealed with FSP using a headless stirring needle to obtain a sealed plate. Finally, a stirring head with a stirring needle was used to perform four passes of FSP on the sealing plate at a rotation speed of 400 rpm / min, a travel speed of 100 mm / min, and a pressing amount of 0.5 mm per pass to obtain a mixed NiTi particle reinforced 6061 aluminum matrix composite material.
[0021] The internal friction value of the composite material in this example is 0.0072 at room temperature (27°C), which is 71% higher than that of the corresponding 6061 aluminum matrix material; the internal friction value is 0.0095 at -90°C, which is 152% higher than that of the corresponding 6061 aluminum matrix material. During the heating process, the phase change damping temperature range of the composite material is 93°C; during the cooling process, the phase change damping temperature range of the composite material is 68°C.
[0022] The low-temperature high-damping aluminum-based composite material of the present invention has excellent low-temperature damping performance, and its damping performance is significantly better than that of aluminum-based materials. At room temperature (27°C), the internal friction value of the composite material can reach a maximum of 0.0094, which is 115% higher than that of the corresponding aluminum-based material; at -90°C, the internal friction value of the surface composite layer can reach a maximum of 0.0095, which is 152% higher than that of the corresponding aluminum-based material; during the heating process, the maximum phase change damping temperature range of the composite material is 105°C; during the cooling process, the maximum phase change damping temperature range of the composite material is 90°C.
[0023] Table 1 Sample names of composite materials in Example 1
[0024]
Claims
1. A low temperature high damping aluminum-based composite material, characterized in that: The composite material has excellent low-temperature (-100℃~100℃) phase change damping performance; the use of mixed NiTi particles as the reinforcement phase can not only effectively improve the low-temperature damping performance of the aluminum alloy, but also broaden its phase change damping temperature range; at room temperature (27℃), the internal friction value of the composite material is 0.0072~0.0094, which is 42%~115% higher than its corresponding aluminum matrix material; at -90℃, the internal friction value of the composite material is 0.0069~0.0095, which is 77%~152% higher than its corresponding aluminum matrix material; during the heating process, the maximum phase change damping temperature range of the composite material is 105℃; during the cooling process, the maximum phase change damping temperature range of the composite material is 90℃.
2. The low temperature high damping aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of the preparation method of the composite material are: (1) The original NiTi particles were loaded into a quartz tube, and the original NiTi particles were solution treated at 850°C for 0.5 h in an argon protective atmosphere using a vacuum tube furnace, and then pre-aged at 450°C, 550°C and 650°C for 3 h, respectively, to obtain 450°C-NiTi, 550°C-NiTi and 650°C-NiTi particles; (2) Using a V-type mixer, NiTi particles of different aging states are mixed in a ratio of 1:1 to obtain mixed NiTi particles; (3) Drill prefabricated holes on the aluminum alloy plate with a diameter of 4 mm, a depth of 5 mm, and a spacing of 2 mm between holes; (4) The mixed NiTi particles were added into the prefabricated holes of the aluminum plate to obtain a prefabricated plate, and then a headless stirring needle was used to perform a friction stir processing (FSP) to seal the prefabricated plate in one pass to obtain a sealed plate. Finally, a stirring head with a stirring needle was used to perform four passes of FSP on the sealed plate at a rotation speed of 400-800 rpm / min, a travel speed of 100 mm / min, and a pressure of 0.5 mm per pass to obtain a mixed NiTi particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material.