Caving and filling dual-purpose hydraulic support and mining method

Abstract

The caving and filling dual-purpose hydraulic support comprises a front supporting assembly and a rear supporting assembly, the front supporting assembly comprises a first top beam, a first base, a stabilizing mechanism and a plurality of first stand columns, and the stabilizing mechanism and the first stand columns are all supported between the first top beam and the first base; the rear supporting assembly comprises a second top beam, a second base, a baffle and a second stand column, the second top beam is rotationally connected to the rear end of the first top beam, the second base is rotationally connected to the rear portion of the first base, the second stand column is supported between the second top beam and the second base, and the baffle is arranged below the second top beam and rotationally assembled with the second top beam; in the filling state, the second top beam is flush with the first top beam, and the baffle droops; and in the collapsing state, the baffle is stored below the second top beam, and the second top beam is obliquely arranged downwards. By means of the hydraulic support, free switching between filling operation and caving operation in the single working face stoping process can be achieved, and on-line switching of mining modes is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to a dual-purpose hydraulic support for collapse and filling and a mining method. Background Art

[0002] Backfill mining is a mining method that can control surface subsidence from the source. Backfill mining has the advantages of high resource utilization, low safety accident rate, and green mining. The caving method is a mining method that allows the direct roof to collapse automatically or force collapse. Compared with backfill mining, the caving method has a higher coal recovery rate and lower mining costs.

[0003] In the relevant technology, the surface buildings on the coal mining area are mostly distributed in the form of points and lines. For the recovery of coal resources below the surface buildings, it is safer to adopt the backfill mining method. For the recovery of coal resources below non-surface buildings, the caving mining method can improve the mining efficiency.

[0004] However, in the related technology, the mining mode of the coal seam mining working face is determined when it is initially designed, and the mining mode cannot be changed during the mining process, which cannot meet the mining needs of the above-mentioned mining mode change. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0006] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a dual-purpose hydraulic support for caving and filling. The dual-purpose hydraulic support for caving and filling can realize free switching between filling operations and caving operations during the mining process of a single working face, realize flexible online conversion of mining methods, and balance the mining efficiency and green mining operational requirements.

[0007] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a mining method based on the above-mentioned dual-purpose hydraulic support for collapse and filling.

[0008] The dual-purpose hydraulic support for collapse and filling of the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0009] A front support assembly, the front support assembly comprising a first top beam, a first base, a stabilizing mechanism and a plurality of first upright posts, the stabilizing mechanism and the plurality of first upright posts being supported between the first top beam and the first base;

[0010] A rear support assembly, the rear support assembly comprising a second top beam, a second base, a baffle and a second column, the second top beam being rotatably connected to the rear end of the first top beam, the second base being rotatably connected to the rear of the first base, the second column being supported between the second top beam and the second base, the baffle being disposed below the second top beam and rotatably assembled with the second top beam;

[0011] The rear support assembly has a filling form for filling operations and a collapsed form for collapsing operations. In the filling form, the second top beam is flush with the first top beam, and the baffle is drooped and used to resist the pressure of the filling slurry at the rear; in the collapsed form, the baffle is stored under the second top beam, and the second top beam is arranged tilted downward and used to resist the collapsed coal gangue.

[0012] In some embodiments, the front support assembly is provided with two stabilizing mechanisms, which are arranged opposite to each other in the width direction of the front support assembly, and each of the stabilizing mechanisms is provided with the first column on the front and rear sides.

[0013] In some embodiments, the axis of the stabilizing mechanism and the axes of the first plurality of columns located on the same side of the front support assembly are located in the same plane;

[0014] And / or, a gap is provided between the stabilizing mechanism and part of the first columns on the same side and the stabilizing mechanism and the rest of the first columns on the other side, and the gap is used for installing a push jack.

[0015] In some embodiments, the stabilizing mechanism includes a first link, a second link and a third link, the first link is rotationally connected to the first top beam, one end of the second link and one end of the third link are rotationally connected to the first link, the other end of the second link and the other end of the third link are rotationally connected to the first base, the third link is located on the rear side of the second link, and the connection between the first link and the second link and the connection between the first link and the third link both protrude forward.

[0016] In some embodiments, the rear support assembly includes a baffle drive, which is arranged below the second top beam, one end of the baffle drive is rotationally connected to the second top beam, and the other end of the baffle drive is rotationally connected to the baffle, and the baffle drive is retractable and is used to realize swinging drive of the baffle when retracting.

[0017] In some embodiments, the baffle includes at least two plates arranged sequentially in the extension direction of the baffle and at least one telescopic drive, and two adjacent plates are slidable. The telescopic drive is arranged between the two adjacent plates and is used to drive the two adjacent plates to slide relative to each other to achieve adjustment of the length dimension of the baffle in the extension direction.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second top beam is provided with a telescopic beam, the telescopic beam can extend to a side of the second top beam away from the first top beam, and the telescopic beam is used to fix the filling bag in the filling state;

[0019] And / or, the second top beam and the second base are provided with side guard plates for preventing coal gangue from entering.

[0020] The mining method of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a plurality of the dual-purpose hydraulic supports for caving and filling arranged in sequence along the working face, and comprises the following steps:

[0021] During the mining process of the working face, the mining method to be adopted in different areas of the working face is determined, and then the area is mined using the determined mining method;

[0022] If the mining method is filling operation, the rear support component of each of the dual-purpose hydraulic supports for collapse and filling is adjusted to the filling state. If the mining method is collapse operation, the rear support component of each of the dual-purpose hydraulic supports for collapse and filling is adjusted to the collapse state.

[0023] In some embodiments, the process of switching from the caving operation to the filling operation includes the following steps:

[0024] Lay a protective net under the roof of the goaf and build an artificial wall;

[0025] After the plurality of the hydraulic supports for collapse and filling are moved forward by a set distance, the second column of each hydraulic support for collapse and filling is raised to make the second top beam flush with the first top beam, and then the baffle is adjusted to droop;

[0026] In the extension direction along the working surface, a partition is arranged at every interval of a set number of the dual-purpose hydraulic supports for collapse and filling, the partition is located between two adjacent dual-purpose hydraulic supports for collapse and filling, and a filling bag is arranged between two adjacent partitions, and the filling bag is fixed to the second top beam;

[0027] The coal seams in the corresponding area are mined through filling operations.

[0028] In some embodiments, the process of switching from the filling operation to the caving operation includes the following steps:

[0029] After the filling slurry of the last step of filling operation solidifies, a protective net is laid under the roof of the goaf;

[0030] Pulling and moving a plurality of the dual-purpose hydraulic supports for collapse and filling, and making the second top beam of each of the dual-purpose hydraulic supports for collapse and filling separate from the top plate;

[0031] The baffle is stored under the second top beam, and then the second column of each of the collapse and filling dual-purpose hydraulic supports is retracted to make the second top beam tilted downward;

[0032] The coal seams in the corresponding area are mined through caving operations.

[0033] Beneficial effects: The dual-purpose hydraulic support for caving and filling and the mining method of the embodiments of the present invention can realize the free switching of filling operations and caving operations during the mining process of a single working face, realize the flexible online conversion of mining methods, and balance the mining efficiency and green mining operation requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the dual-purpose hydraulic support for collapse and filling in the filling state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the collapse-filling dual-purpose hydraulic support in the collapsed state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the dual-purpose hydraulic support and partition for collapse and filling at the working face of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 100-Hydraulic support;

[0039] 1-front support assembly; 11-first top beam; 12-first base; 13-stabilizing mechanism; 131-first connecting rod; 132-second connecting rod; 133-third connecting rod; 14-first column;

[0040] 2-rear support assembly; 21-second top beam; 22-second base; 23-baffle; 231-board body; 24-second column; 25-baffle drive; 26-telescopic beam;

[0041] 3- Push jack;

[0042] 200-Partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the dual-purpose hydraulic support 100 for collapse and filling (hereinafter referred to as the hydraulic support 100) of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a front support assembly 1 and a rear support assembly 2. Both the front support assembly 1 and the rear support assembly 2 can play a supporting role, wherein the front support assembly 1 is located in front of the rear support assembly 2 in the advancing direction of the working surface.

[0045] The front support assembly 1 includes a first top beam 11 , a first base 12 , a stabilizing mechanism 13 and a plurality of first upright posts 14 . The stabilizing mechanism 13 and the plurality of first upright posts 14 are both supported between the first top beam 11 and the first base 12 .

[0046] For example, the front support assembly 1 may be a step-type bracket, and the front support assembly 1 may include a first top beam 11 and a first base 12 arranged relatively in the up-down direction, the stabilizing mechanism 13 may be a four-bar linkage, and the stabilizing mechanism 13 may be arranged at the middle position of the first top beam 11 and the first base 12, and four first columns 14 may be provided, and the four first columns 14 may be arranged at the four corners of the first top beam 11 and the first base 12, and the top of each first column 14 may be hinged to the first top beam 11, and the bottom of each first column 14 may be hinged to the first base 12. When in use, the top plate of the working face can be supported by multiple first columns 14, thereby meeting the requirements for mining operations on the working face.

[0047] The rear support assembly 2 includes a second top beam 21, a second base 22, a baffle 23 and a second column 24. The second top beam 21 is rotatably connected to the rear end of the first top beam 11, the second base 22 is rotatably connected to the rear of the first base 12, the second column 24 is supported between the second top beam 21 and the second base 22, and the baffle 23 is arranged below the second top beam 21 and is rotatably assembled with the second top beam 21.

[0048] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the second top beam 21 can be arranged directly above the second base 22, the second column 24 is a hydraulic column, the top end of the second column 24 can be hinged to the bottom side of the second top beam 21, and the bottom end of the second column 24 can be hinged to the second base 22. The second top beam 21 and the second column 24 can be used to support the side of the working face close to the goaf. The baffle 23 can be in the shape of a flat plate, and the baffle 23 can be rotatably assembled on the bottom side of the second top beam 21, and the baffle 23 can be swung and adjusted relative to the second top beam 21.

[0049] The rear support assembly 2 has a filling state for filling operation and a collapsing state for collapsing operation. When performing filling operation, the rear support assembly 2 can be switched to the filling state, the second top beam 21 is flush with the first top beam 11, and the baffle 23 sags and is used to resist the pressure of the filling slurry at the rear.

[0050] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the first top beam 11 and the second top beam 21 can be generally extended horizontally, and the baffle 23 can be extended vertically downward. The free end of the baffle 23 can be close to the bottom plate of the working surface. The baffle 23 can block the filling slurry at the rear, thereby meeting the use requirements of the filling operation.

[0051] When performing a collapse operation, the rear support assembly 2 can be switched to a collapse state, and the baffle 23 is stored under the second top beam 21. The second top beam 21 is arranged tilted downward and is used to resist the collapsed coal gangue.

[0052] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the second top beam 21 can swing toward the rear and lower side of the first top beam 11, and the second upright column 24 can be driven to contract to drive the second top beam 21 to swing downward, specifically, it can swing along the inclined direction from the front to the back, thereby meeting the requirements of the caving mining operation. The baffle 23 can swing toward the rear and upward and fit with the second top beam 21, so that the baffle 23 can be stored in the second top beam 21, thereby avoiding the interference of the baffle 23 when the second top beam 21 swings downward.

[0053] The hydraulic support 100 of the embodiment of the present invention can realize the free switching of the filling operation form and the caving operation form in the process of mining on a single working face, realizes the flexible online conversion of the mining mode, and plays a role in balancing the mining efficiency and green mining operation requirements, avoiding the problem of surface subsidence that is easily caused by only using top coal caving mining, and also avoiding the problem of low mining efficiency and high mining cost of the coal seam due to only using filling mining.

[0054] In some embodiments, the front support assembly 1 is provided with two stabilizing mechanisms 13 , which are arranged opposite to each other in the width direction of the front support assembly 1 , and each stabilizing mechanism 13 is provided with a first column 14 on the front and rear sides.

[0055] For example, a stabilizing mechanism 13 and two first upright posts 14 may be provided on the left side of the front support assembly 1, and the stabilizing mechanism 13 may be located between the two first upright posts 14 in the front-to-back direction. A stabilizing mechanism 13 and two first upright posts 14 may also be provided on the right side of the front support assembly 1, and the stabilizing mechanism 13 may also be located between the two first upright posts 14 in the front-to-back direction.

[0056] The whole formed by the stabilizing mechanism 13 and the two first columns 14 on the left side of the front support assembly 1 can be arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner with respect to the whole formed by the stabilizing mechanism 13 and the two columns on the right side. Thus, the support structure strength of the hydraulic support 100 is ensured, and the use requirements of the top coal caving operation are fully met.

[0057] In some embodiments, the axis of the stabilizing mechanism 13 and the axes of the multiple first uprights 14 on the same side of the front support assembly 1 are located in the same plane. Specifically, the stabilizing mechanism 13 on the left side can be composed of multiple connecting rods, and the axes of the multiple connecting rods can all be located in the same vertical plane, and the axes of the two first uprights 14 on the left side can be located in the same vertical plane as the axes of the multiple connecting rods, thereby ensuring the balance and stability of the support function on the left side.

[0058] Similarly, the stabilizing mechanism 13 on the right side can be composed of multiple connecting rods, the axes of the multiple connecting rods can all be located in the same vertical plane, and the axes of the two first columns 14 on the right side can be located in the same vertical plane as the axes of the multiple connecting rods, thereby ensuring the balance and stability of the support function on the right side.

[0059] In some embodiments, a gap is provided between the stabilizing mechanism 13 and part of the first columns 14 on the same side and the stabilizing mechanism 13 and the remaining first columns 14 on the other side. The gap is a spacing space, and the gap is used to install the push jack 3. For example, Figure 1 As shown, the push jack 3 can be located between the left stabilizing mechanism 13 and the right stabilizing mechanism 13 , thereby ensuring the structural stability of the left and right structures of the push jack 3 .

[0060] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the stabilizing mechanism 13 includes a first link 131, a second link 132 and a third link 133. The first link 131, the second link 132 and the third link 133 can all be long rods. The top end of the first link 131 is rotatably connected to the first top beam 11, one end of the second link 132 and one end of the third link 133 are rotatably connected to the first link 131, the other end of the second link 132 and the other end of the third link 133 are rotatably connected to the first base 12, and the third link 133 is located on the rear side of the second link 132.

[0061] Thus, a four-bar linkage can be formed by the first link 131 , the second link 132 , the third link 133 and the first base 12 , thereby fully satisfying the structural stability and structural strength of the hydraulic support 100 and fully satisfying the use requirements of the support.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, the first column 14 on the front side of each stabilizing mechanism 13 can be arranged tilted forward, and the connection between the first link 131 and the second link 132, and the connection between the first link 131 and the third link 133 are all protruding forward, so that the inclination of the first column 14 can be used for avoidance operation, and the space utilization between the first top beam 11 and the first base 12 can be improved. Secondly, the space between the first column 14 and the stabilizing mechanism 13 also meets the needs of pedestrians passing through.

[0063] In some embodiments, the rear support assembly 2 includes a baffle drive 25, which is disposed below the second top beam 21. One end of the baffle drive 25 is rotationally connected to the second top beam 21, and the other end of the baffle drive 25 is rotationally connected to the baffle 23. The baffle drive 25 is retractable and is used to realize a swinging drive of the baffle 23 when retracting.

[0064] For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the baffle drive 25 can be a hydraulic telescopic jack, and the baffle drive 25 can be installed under the second top beam 21. One end of the baffle drive 25 can be hinged to the bottom side of the second top beam 21 through a pin shaft, and the other end of the baffle drive 25 can be hinged to the bottom side of the baffle 23 through a pin shaft.

[0065] When the baffle drive 25 is extended, the baffle drive 25 can push the baffle 23 backward and upward, so that the baffle 23 can be switched to a substantially horizontal position, meeting the use needs of filling support. When the baffle drive 25 is retracted, the baffle drive 25 can pull the baffle 23 forward and downward, so that the baffle 23 can be switched to an inclined angle, meeting the function of resisting the collapsed roof and broken gangue during caving mining.

[0066] In some embodiments, the baffle 23 includes at least two plates 231 arranged sequentially in the extension direction of the baffle 23 and at least one telescopic drive, and two adjacent plates 231 can slide. The telescopic drive is arranged between the two adjacent plates 231 and is used to drive the two adjacent plates 231 to slide relative to each other to achieve adjustment of the length dimension of the baffle 23 in the extension direction.

[0067] For example, Figure 1 The baffle 23 may include two plates 231, the two plates 231 may be slidably assembled, the telescopic drive may be a telescopic jack, one end of the telescopic drive may be hinged to one plate 231, and the other end of the telescopic drive may be hinged to the other plate 231. When in use, the telescopic drive may be extended to drive the two plates 231 to slide relative to each other, thereby realizing adaptive adjustment of the distance between the baffle 23 and the bottom plate when the baffle 23 is drooping, thereby meeting the use needs of adjusting the ups and downs of the bottom plate and meeting the operation requirements of different actual working conditions.

[0068] In some embodiments, the second top beam 21 is provided with a telescopic beam 26 , which can extend to a side of the second top beam 21 away from the first top beam 11 , and the telescopic beam 26 is used to fix the filling bag in the filled state.

[0069] For example, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the telescopic beam 26 can be slidably assembled in the second top beam 21, and the telescopic beam 26 can slide in the front and rear directions relative to the second top beam 21. The second top beam 21 and the telescopic beam 26 can also be connected through corresponding displacement jacks, and the telescopic beam 26 can be driven to slide relative to the second top beam 21 by the extension and contraction of the displacement jack.

[0070] When in the filling state, the telescopic beam 26 can extend to the rear side of the second top beam 21. The bottom sides of the second top beam 21 and the telescopic beam 26 can be provided with hooks and other structures, by which the top side of the filling bag can be fixed, thereby fully meeting the use needs of the filling operation.

[0071] In some embodiments, the second top beam 21 and the second base 22 are provided with side guard plates for preventing gangue from entering. When in the collapsed state, the side guard plates on the second top beam 21 and the second base 22 can be extended, thereby preventing gangue from entering the interior of the hydraulic support 100.

[0072] The mining method according to the embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0073] like Figure 3 As shown, the mining method of the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of caving and filling dual-purpose hydraulic supports 100 arranged in sequence along the working face, and the mining method includes the following steps:

[0074] During the mining process of the working face, determine the mining method required for different areas of the working face, and then use the determined mining method to mine the area;

[0075] If the mining mode is a filling operation, the rear support assembly 2 of each collapse and filling dual-purpose hydraulic support 100 is adjusted to the filling state, that is, switched to the filling state. Figure 1 The shape shown meets the mining and filling operation requirements.

[0076] If the mining method is caving operation, the rear support assembly 2 of each caving and filling dual-purpose hydraulic support 100 is adjusted to the caving state, that is, switched to the state as shown in FIG. Figure 2 The shape shown meets the use needs of mining in caving operations.

[0077] In some embodiments, the process of switching from the caving operation to the filling operation includes the following steps:

[0078] A1: Lay a protective net under the roof of the goaf and build an artificial wall. Specifically, a high-strength polyester fiber net (protective net) can be laid under the roof of the goaf behind the hydraulic support 100 in advance to receive the broken roof and prevent it from falling into the filling operation space. Then, quick-setting cement can be sprayed into the goaf to build an artificial wall. After the hydraulic support 100 moves about 6 to 8 meters, the artificial wall can establish effective support under the roof.

[0079] A2: After multiple collapse and filling dual-purpose hydraulic supports 100 move forward a set distance, raise the second column 24 of each collapse and filling dual-purpose hydraulic support 100 to make the second top beam 21 flush with the first top beam 11, and then adjust the baffle 23 to droop.

[0080] For example, the set distance may be 6 to 8 m as mentioned above. After each hydraulic support 100 is moved forward 6 to 8 m, the second upright column 24 of each hydraulic support 100 may be extended. At this time, the second top beam 21 is supported, and the telescopic beam 26 may be extended from each second top beam 21. Then, the baffle 23 may be rotated to a vertical state, and the telescopic drive of the baffle 23 may be extended so that the bottom side of the baffle 23 is close to the bottom plate.

[0081] A3: In the extension direction along the working surface, a partition 200 is arranged at every set number of collapse and filling dual-purpose hydraulic supports 100, the partition 200 is located between two adjacent collapse and filling dual-purpose hydraulic supports 100, and a filling bag is arranged between two adjacent partitions 200, and the filling bag is fixed to the first top beam 11.

[0082] For example, along the working surface direction, a filling bag can be placed every 14m, that is, every 8 hydraulic supports 100, and the upper part of the filling bag is fixed on the hooks reserved by the second top beam 21 and the telescopic beam 26. A partition 200 can be provided every 8 hydraulic supports 100, and the filling bag can use the partition 200 installed every 8 hydraulic supports 100 as a left and right limit device, and the front of the filling bag can be limited by the baffle 23, and the rear of the filling bag can be limited by a quick-setting cement artificial wall or solidified filling slurry, thereby establishing rigid limits around the filling bag.

[0083] A4: Complete the recovery of the coal seam in the corresponding area by means of filling operations. For example, after all the above steps A1 to A3 are converted, the filling mining operation can be carried out according to the established filling operation process. Specifically, the mining can be carried out in the manner of cutting the coal three times and filling once. The filling step distance can be about 2.4m, and the filling step distance can be consistent with the lower lifting distance of the second top beam 21, that is, when the telescopic beam of the second top beam 21 is in the extended state, the overall length of the telescopic beam and the second top beam is 2.4m.

[0084] In some embodiments, the process of switching from the filling operation to the caving operation includes the following steps:

[0085] B1: After the filling slurry of the last step of filling operation solidifies, a protective net is laid under the roof of the goaf. For example, when it is necessary to convert the filling method to the caving method, after the last step of filling operation is completed and the filling slurry is completely solidified, a high-strength polyester fiber net can be laid under the roof to prevent the broken roof from falling into the working area.

[0086] B2: Pull and move multiple collapse and filling dual-purpose hydraulic supports 100, and make the second top beam 21 of each collapse and filling dual-purpose hydraulic support 100 detach from the top plate. Specifically, the telescopic beam 26 on the second top beam 21 can be retracted first, and then the hydraulic support 100 can be pulled and moved by pushing the jack 3 until the second top beam 21 is detached from the direct top.

[0087] B3: The baffle 23 is stored under the second top beam 21, and then the second column 24 of each collapse and filling dual-purpose hydraulic support 100 is retracted to arrange the second top beam 21 downwardly. For example, the telescopic drive of the baffle 23 can be recovered first, and then the baffle 23 can be rotated to a position parallel to the second top beam 21 and stored under the second top beam 21.

[0088] Then the second column 24 can be retracted to make the second top beam 21 fall back as a whole to prevent the collapsed roof from pressing the hydraulic support 100; at the same time, the movable side guard plates of the second top beam 21 and the second base 22 can be extended to prevent the collapsed roof and broken gangue from entering the internal space of the support.

[0089] B4: Complete the recovery of the coal seam in the corresponding area by caving. Specifically, after the entire conversion process from backfilling to caving is completed, the top coal caving production operation can be started according to the established caving mining operation process.

[0090] A specific example of the hydraulic support 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0091] The support unit of the hydraulic support 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is composed of three rows of columns, namely, front, middle and rear. The front top beam (first top beam 11), the front base (first base 12), the front column, the middle column and the middle double reverse four-bar linkage (stabilizing mechanism 13) form a four-column support type hydraulic support 100.

[0092] The front column and the middle column are both the first column 14. The left and right columns are in the same plane with the four-bar linkage on the same side, and a 500mm gap is left in the middle to place the push jack 3; the two ends of the rear column are connected to the rear top beam (second top beam 21) and the rear base (second base 22) respectively through the pin shaft. The rear top beam is connected to the front top beam through the hinge shaft, and the rear base is connected to the front base through the hinge shaft; the support strength design of the hydraulic support 100 is based on the front four-column support type support being able to meet the requirements of the caving method mining.

[0093] The minimum design height of the hydraulic support 100 is 2.1 m, the maximum height is 3.3 m, the length of the front top beam is about 6.5 m, and the overall length is about 9.7 m.

[0094] A baffle 23 is suspended in the middle of the rear top beam. Its main function is to keep the baffle 23 in a vertical state during the filling operation to resist the fluid pressure of the filling slurry during the solidification period, and to be adjusted up and down by the telescopic jack to ensure that the bottom of the baffle 23 does not interfere with the bottom plate of the working surface when the hydraulic support 100 is raised or lowered. In this embodiment, the baffle 23 is a telescopic mechanism; in addition, the baffle 23 can be adjusted within a range of 90° perpendicular to the rear top beam and parallel to the rear top beam through the control of the cantilever beam jack. During the caving mining method, the rear baffle 23 can be recovered to the rear space of the rear top beam to meet the overall fall of the hinged rear top beam.

[0095] The rear top beam and the rear base are respectively provided with single-sided movable side guard plates. When mining by caving method, opening the movable side guard plates can effectively prevent the collapsed roof and broken gangue from entering the internal space of the hydraulic support 100 and affecting the safety of operation; the rear column can control the rear top beam to be in a horizontal state or an inclined state. In this embodiment, when the rear column is fully extended, the limit position of the rear top beam is a horizontal position, which meets the working space during filling operation. The rear column can adjust the inclination angle of the rear top beam by retracting the operation. The inclination angle during caving method operation is based on the free sliding of coal or gangue on the upper surface of the rear top beam. At the same time, direct contact between the rear top beam and the rear base should be avoided to avoid structural damage; a telescopic beam 26 is provided at the rear of the rear top beam, and the telescopic beam 26 can be extended to meet the bag hanging requirements during filling operation.

[0096] The hydraulic support and the corresponding mining method of the embodiment of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0097] 1) The hydraulic support of the embodiment of the present invention has the characteristics of both filling method and caving method hydraulic supports, wherein the characteristics of the caving method support specifically include: designing the support support strength and column working resistance based on the caving method mining scenario; the columns on the left and right sides of the front of the support and the four-bar mechanism on the same side are in the same plane; the rock retaining device is designed according to the caving method support, specifically referring to the hinged rear top beam that can be used as a protective beam, the single-sided movable side guard plate of the rear top beam and the rear base, etc.

[0098] The features of the filling method support specifically include: an articulated rear tail beam equipped with a telescopic beam mechanism and a rear baffle device suspended from the rear top beam; rear columns and rear base providing support for the rear top beam; and detachable baffle devices at intervals of a certain number of hydraulic supports.

[0099] 2) The hydraulic support of the embodiment of the present invention can also have a hardware design scheme for automatically converting between the caving method and the filling method mining process online, specifically: the retractable rear column can control the hinged rear top beam to rotate within the range of 0 to 90 degrees; the rear top beam hangs the rear baffle, and the rear baffle is equipped with a telescopic jack and a cantilever beam jack, which can respectively realize multi-stage telescopic and recovery functions; the rear top beam and the rear base are respectively equipped with a single-sided movable side guard plate. The above mechanisms can automatically realize action execution and function realization under the coordination of the hydraulic system without stopping for offline operation.

[0100] 3) The hydraulic support of the embodiment of the present invention meets the use requirements of the online conversion process from the filling method to the caving method based on the new dual-purpose hydraulic support, and the online conversion process from the caving method to the filling method based on the new dual-purpose hydraulic support.

[0101] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0102] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0103] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0104] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0105] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0106] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-purpose hydraulic support for collapse and filling, characterized in that: include: A front support assembly, the front support assembly comprising a first top beam, a first base, a stabilizing mechanism and a plurality of first upright posts, the stabilizing mechanism and the plurality of first upright posts being supported between the first top beam and the first base; A rear support assembly, the rear support assembly comprising a second top beam, a second base, a baffle and a second column, the second top beam being rotatably connected to the rear end of the first top beam, the second base being rotatably connected to the rear of the first base, the second column being supported between the second top beam and the second base, the baffle being disposed below the second top beam and rotatably assembled with the second top beam; The rear support assembly has a filling state for filling operation and a collapsing state for collapsing operation. In the filling state, the second top beam is flush with the first top beam, and the baffle is drooped and used to resist the pressure of the filling slurry at the rear; In the collapsed state, the baffle is stored under the second top beam, and the second top beam is arranged to be inclined downward and used to resist the collapsed coal gangue.

2. The dual-purpose hydraulic support for collapse and filling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The front support assembly is provided with two stabilizing mechanisms, which are arranged opposite to each other in the width direction of the front support assembly, and the first pillar is provided on the front and rear sides of each stabilizing mechanism.

3. The dual-purpose hydraulic support for collapse and filling according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The axis of the stabilizing mechanism and the axes of the first columns on the same side of the front support assembly are located in the same plane; And / or, a gap is provided between the stabilizing mechanism and part of the first columns on the same side and the stabilizing mechanism and the rest of the first columns on the other side, and the gap is used for installing a push jack.

4. The dual-purpose hydraulic support for collapse and filling according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The stabilizing mechanism includes a first link, a second link and a third link, the first link is rotatably connected to the first top beam, one end of the second link and one end of the third link are both rotatably connected to the first link, the other end of the second link and the other end of the third link are both rotatably connected to the first base, the third link is located on the rear side of the second link, and the connection between the first link and the second link and the connection between the first link and the third link both protrude forward.

5. The dual-purpose hydraulic support for collapse and filling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rear support assembly includes a baffle drive, which is arranged below the second top beam. One end of the baffle drive is rotationally connected to the second top beam, and the other end of the baffle drive is rotationally connected to the baffle. The baffle drive is retractable and is used to realize swing drive of the baffle when retracting.

6. The dual-purpose hydraulic support for collapse and filling according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The baffle includes at least two plates arranged sequentially in the extension direction of the baffle and at least one telescopic drive, two adjacent plates are slidable, and the telescopic drive is arranged between the two adjacent plates and is used to drive the two adjacent plates to slide relative to each other to achieve adjustment of the length dimension of the baffle in the extension direction.

7. The dual-purpose hydraulic support for collapse and filling according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The second top beam is provided with a telescopic beam, the telescopic beam can extend to a side of the second top beam away from the first top beam, and the telescopic beam is used to fix the filling bag in the filling state; And / or, the second top beam and the second base are provided with side guard plates for preventing coal gangue from entering.

8. A mining method for a dual-purpose hydraulic support for collapse and filling according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises a plurality of said dual-purpose hydraulic supports for collapse and filling arranged in sequence along the working surface, and comprises the following steps: During the mining process of the working face, the mining method to be adopted in different areas of the working face is determined, and then the area is mined using the determined mining method; If the mining method is filling operation, the rear support component of each of the dual-purpose hydraulic supports for collapse and filling is adjusted to the filling state. If the mining method is collapse operation, the rear support component of each of the dual-purpose hydraulic supports for collapse and filling is adjusted to the collapse state.

9. The mining method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of switching from the caving operation to the filling operation comprises the following steps: Lay a protective net under the roof of the goaf and build an artificial wall; After the plurality of the hydraulic supports for collapse and filling are moved forward by a set distance, the second column of each hydraulic support for collapse and filling is raised to make the second top beam flush with the first top beam, and then the baffle is adjusted to droop; In the extension direction along the working surface, a partition is arranged at every interval of a set number of the dual-purpose hydraulic supports for collapse and filling, the partition is located between two adjacent dual-purpose hydraulic supports for collapse and filling, and a filling bag is arranged between two adjacent partitions, and the filling bag is fixed to the second top beam; The coal seams in the corresponding area are mined through filling operations.

10. The mining method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of switching from the filling operation to the caving operation comprises the following steps: After the filling slurry of the last step of filling operation solidifies, a protective net is laid under the roof of the goaf; Pulling and moving a plurality of the dual-purpose hydraulic supports for collapse and filling, and making the second top beam of each of the dual-purpose hydraulic supports for collapse and filling separate from the top plate; The baffle is stored under the second top beam, and then the second column of each of the collapse and filling dual-purpose hydraulic supports is retracted to make the second top beam tilted downward; The coal seams in the corresponding area are mined through caving operations.

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