A safety performance testing method for energy storage battery

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of energy storage batteries and relates to data analysis technology. It is used to solve the problem that existing safety performance testing methods are difficult to effectively simulate the reaction of energy storage batteries in complex environments and cannot evaluate key factors affecting the safety performance of energy storage batteries. Specifically, it is a safety performance testing method for energy storage batteries, comprising the following steps: setting up a test environment: marking a number of energy storage batteries as test objects for safety performance testing. In the set up test environment, the test items include an overcharge and discharge cycle test, a high and low temperature alternating cycle test, and a mechanical vibration test, and obtaining the environmental condition performance value under the test item; the present invention can simulate different test items in the test environment and then obtain the environmental condition performance value of the test, so that the test can be carried out in the environment, which can accurately reflect the performance of the energy storage battery in a real complex environment, and improve the accuracy of the safety performance test by combining data considerations of multiple dimensions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of energy storage batteries and relates to data analysis technology, in particular to a safety performance testing method for energy storage batteries. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of energy storage technology, energy storage batteries have been widely used in various fields; with the large-scale access of renewable energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy to the power grid, these energy sources are intermittent and volatile. Energy storage batteries can store excess electrical energy and release it when energy production is insufficient, thereby playing a role in stabilizing the power supply.

[0003] Existing safety performance testing methods are difficult to effectively simulate the reactions of energy storage batteries in complex environments, resulting in an incomplete and inaccurate safety performance assessment of energy storage batteries. At the same time, traditional safety performance testing methods are also unable to assess the key factors that affect the safety performance of energy storage batteries, resulting in the inability to optimize energy storage batteries in a targeted manner to improve safety performance.

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, this application proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a safety performance testing method for energy storage batteries, which is used to solve the problem that the existing safety performance testing methods are difficult to effectively simulate the reaction of energy storage batteries in complex environments, and are unable to evaluate the key factors affecting the safety performance of energy storage batteries;

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a safety performance testing method that can effectively simulate the reaction of energy storage batteries in complex environments and evaluate the key factors affecting the safety performance of energy storage batteries.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A safety performance testing method for energy storage batteries, including a primary safety performance testing method and an in-depth and accurate evaluation method;

[0009] The primary safety performance test method includes the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Set up the test environment: mark several energy storage batteries as test objects for safety performance test. In the test environment, the test items include overcharge and discharge cycle test, high and low temperature alternating cycle test and mechanical vibration test, and obtain the environmental condition performance value TB under the test item;

[0011] Step 2: Battery performance testing: All test objects are tested in the order of excessive charge and discharge cycle test, high and low temperature alternating cycle test and mechanical vibration test. After the test is completed, the deformation XB, temperature change WB and internal resistance deviation NP of the test object are obtained, and the performance variation coefficient XX of the energy storage battery is calculated through the deformation XB, temperature change WB and internal resistance deviation NP;

[0012] Step 3: Safety performance evaluation: Numerically calculate the environmental condition performance value TB and the performance variation coefficient XX of the energy storage battery to obtain the safety factor AX of the energy storage battery, and judge the safety performance of the energy storage battery by the safety factor AX.

[0013] Further, in step one, the specific processes of different test items include: the specific process of mechanical vibration test is: fixing the test object on the vibration table, simulating the vibration environment in use according to the set vibration frequency PL, amplitude ZF and vibration time ZS, and numerically calculating the vibration frequency PL, amplitude ZF and vibration time ZS to obtain the vibration coefficient ZX; the specific process of excessive charge and discharge cycle test is: placing the test object on the charging and discharging device, setting the charge and discharge current, the discharge cut-off low voltage and the charge cut-off high voltage, and the number of charge and discharge cycles is marked as the electric cycle number DS; the specific process of high and low temperature alternating cycle test is: placing the test object in a temperature control device, alternating and cycling a certain number of times with a fixed temperature difference; wherein, the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature are set, and the test temperature difference WC is obtained by difference calculation, the number of temperature cycles is marked as the temperature cycle number WS, and the test temperature difference WC and the temperature cycle number WS are numerically calculated to obtain the temperature coefficient WX.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 1, the vibration coefficient ZX, the number of cycles DS and the temperature coefficient WX are numerically calculated to obtain the environmental condition performance value TB of the test.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 2, the process of obtaining the deformation XB, temperature change WB and internal resistance deviation NP of the test object includes: the process of obtaining the deformation XB includes: before the test starts, using a caliper to measure the length, width and thickness of the test object, and measuring it again after the test is completed, and multiplying the length change value, width change value and thickness change value before and after the test to obtain the deformation XB; the process of obtaining the temperature change WB includes: during the entire test stage, using a temperature sensor to collect the surface temperature of several fixed monitoring points of the test object in real time, and summing and averaging them to obtain the temperature change WB; the process of obtaining the internal resistance deviation NP includes: before the test starts, using a battery internal resistance tester to measure the internal resistance of the test object, and measuring it again after the test is completed, and the change in the internal resistance before and after the test is recorded as the internal resistance deviation NP.

[0016] Furthermore, the deformation XB, temperature change WB and internal resistance deviation NP are numerically calculated to obtain a performance change value XN of the test object after the test is completed; the performance change values ​​XN of all test objects are summed and averaged to calculate the performance change coefficient XX of the energy storage battery.

[0017] Furthermore, the environmental condition performance value TB and the performance variation coefficient XX of the energy storage battery are numerically calculated to obtain the safety factor AX of the energy storage battery; the safety factor AX is compared with the preset safety threshold AXmax: if the safety factor AX is less than the safety threshold AXmax, the safety performance of the energy storage battery is judged to be qualified; if the safety factor AX is greater than or equal to the safety threshold AXmax, the safety performance of the energy storage battery is judged to be unqualified.

[0018] Furthermore, the deep precision evaluation method comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step p1: Rearrange test items: If the result of the preliminary safety test on the energy storage battery is qualified, rearrange the order of the test items, and obtain the safety stability values ​​of the primary safety performance test in different arrangements, and evaluate the stability of the safety performance of the energy storage battery according to the safety stability values;

[0020] Step p2: Single test comparison: If the result of the preliminary safety test on the energy storage battery is unqualified, a single test is performed on the energy storage battery to find out the key items that affect the safety performance of the energy storage battery.

[0021] Furthermore, in step p1, if the result of the preliminary safety test on the energy storage battery is qualified, the order of the test items is rearranged, and the three test items in the primary safety performance testing method have a total of 6 arrangement orders. The safety factor AX obtained by performing the primary safety performance test in different arrangements constitutes a safety factor set, and the variance in the safety factor set is calculated to obtain a safety stability value, which is compared with a preset safety stability threshold: if the safety stability value is less than the safety stability threshold, the energy storage battery is judged to be qualified and stable; if the safety stability value is greater than or equal to the safety stability threshold, the energy storage battery is judged to be qualified but unstable.

[0022] Furthermore, in step p2, several test objects are selected to perform single tests of the test items respectively, and the test time of each test item is equal; during the test process, a temporary observation point is set at regular intervals, for a total of N points, and an observation data group is obtained at each temporary observation point, the observation data group includes the performance change coefficient XX of the three test items at the current temporary observation point, for a total of N groups of data; the test item with the largest performance change coefficient XX in each observation data group is marked as the largest change item, the largest change items in all observation data groups are counted, and the proportion of each test item to the largest change item is calculated, among which the test item with the largest proportion is marked as the key item affecting the safety performance of the energy storage battery.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. After simulating different test items in the test environment, the environmental condition performance value of the test is obtained, so that the test can be carried out in the environment, which can accurately reflect the performance of the energy storage battery in a real complex environment;

[0025] 2. The test object is tested in a certain test order, and the performance change coefficient of the energy storage battery is obtained after the test is completed. According to the results of the performance change coefficient and the environmental performance value, it is judged whether the safety performance of the energy storage battery is qualified. The data consideration of multiple dimensions improves the accuracy of the safety performance test;

[0026] 3. The energy storage batteries that passed the safety performance test were re-tested after the test items were rearranged, and the influence of the sequence of different test items was investigated, which reflected the stability of the energy storage batteries when the safety performance was qualified;

[0027] 4. The energy storage batteries that fail the safety performance test are tested individually, and the changes in the performance change coefficient are recorded by setting temporary observation points to find out the key factors affecting the safety performance of the energy storage battery, providing data support for safety performance optimization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the method of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] A safety performance testing method for an energy storage battery includes a primary safety performance testing method and an in-depth and precise evaluation method.

[0033] Embodiment 1: Figure 1 As shown, the primary safety performance test method includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Build a test environment: mark several energy storage batteries as test objects for safety performance test. In the built test environment, the test items include excessive charge and discharge cycle test, high and low temperature alternating cycle test and mechanical vibration test; the specific process of mechanical vibration test is: fix the test object on the vibration table, simulate the vibration environment in use according to the set vibration frequency PL, amplitude ZF and vibration time ZS, and obtain the vibration coefficient ZX through the formula ZX=t1*PL+t2*ZF+t3*ZS, and t1, t2 and t3 are all proportional coefficients; the specific process of excessive charge and discharge cycle test is: place the test object on the charging and discharging equipment, set the charge and discharge current, discharge cut-off low voltage and charge cut-off high voltage, and mark the number of charge and discharge cycles as the number of electric cycles DS; the specific process of high and low temperature alternating cycle test is :Put the test object in the temperature control equipment and cycle it a certain number of times with a fixed temperature difference; wherein, set the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature, and calculate the test temperature difference WC through the difference calculation, the number of temperature cycles is marked as the temperature cycle number WS, and the temperature coefficient WX is obtained by the formula WX=k1*WC+k2*WS, and k1 and k2 are both proportional coefficients; the vibration coefficient ZX, the temperature cycle number DS and the temperature coefficient WX are numerically calculated by the formula TB=s1*ZX+s2*DS+s3*WX to obtain the environmental condition performance value TB of the test, wherein s1, s2 and s3 are all proportional coefficients; after simulating different test items in the test environment, the environmental condition performance value of the test is obtained, so that the test can be carried out in this environment, which can accurately reflect the performance of the energy storage battery in a real complex environment.

[0035] Step 2: Battery performance testing: All test objects are tested in the order of excessive charge and discharge cycle test, high and low temperature alternating cycle test and mechanical vibration test. After the test is completed, the deformation XB, temperature change WB and internal resistance deviation NP of the test object are obtained; the process of obtaining deformation XB includes: before the test starts, use a caliper to measure the length, width and thickness of the test object, and measure it again after the test is completed, and multiply the length change value, width change value and thickness change value before and after the test to obtain deformation XB; the process of obtaining temperature change WB includes: during the entire test stage, use a temperature sensor to collect real-time data of several fixed monitoring points of the test object The surface temperature is calculated by summing and averaging to obtain the temperature change WB; the process of obtaining the internal resistance deviation NP includes: before the test begins, the internal resistance of the test object is measured using a battery internal resistance tester, and it is measured again after the test is completed. The change in internal resistance before and after the test is recorded as the internal resistance deviation NP; the deformation XB, temperature change WB and internal resistance deviation NP are numerically calculated by the formula XN=m1*XB+m2*WB+m3*NP to obtain the performance change value XN of the test object after the test is completed, where m1, m2 and m3 are all proportional coefficients; the performance change values ​​XN of all test objects are summed and averaged to obtain the performance change coefficient XX of the energy storage battery;

[0036] Step 3: Safety performance evaluation: The environmental condition performance value TB and the performance variation coefficient XX of the energy storage battery are numerically calculated by the formula AX=XX / TB to obtain the safety factor AX of the energy storage battery; the safety factor AX is compared with the preset safety threshold AXmax: if the safety factor AX is less than the safety threshold AXmax, the safety performance of the energy storage battery is judged to be qualified; if the safety factor AX is greater than or equal to the safety threshold AXmax, the safety performance of the energy storage battery is judged to be unqualified; the test object is tested in a certain test sequence, and the performance variation coefficient of the energy storage battery is obtained after the test is completed. According to the results of the performance variation coefficient and the environmental performance value, it is judged whether the safety performance of the energy storage battery is qualified. The consideration of data in multiple dimensions improves the accuracy of the safety performance test.

[0037] Embodiment 2: Figure 2 As shown, the deep accurate evaluation method includes the following steps:

[0038] Step p1: Rearrangement of test items: If the result of the preliminary safety test on the energy storage battery is qualified, the order of the test items is rearranged, and the three test items in the primary safety performance test method have a total of 6 arrangement orders. The safety factor AX obtained by performing the primary safety performance test in different arrangements constitutes a safety factor set, and the variance in the safety factor set is calculated to obtain a safety stability value, and the safety stability value is compared with a preset safety stability threshold: if the safety stability value is less than the safety stability threshold, the energy storage battery is judged to be qualified and stable; if the safety stability value is greater than or equal to the safety stability threshold, the energy storage battery is judged to be qualified but unstable; the energy storage battery that has passed the safety performance test is re-tested after the test items are rearranged, the influence of the order of different test items is examined, and the stability of the energy storage battery when the safety performance is qualified is reflected.

[0039] Step p2: Single test comparison: If the result of the preliminary safety test on the energy storage battery is unqualified, the energy storage battery is subjected to a single test: several test objects are selected to perform single tests on the test items respectively, and the test duration of each test item is equal; during the test process, a temporary observation point is set at regular intervals, for a total of N, and an observation data group is obtained at each temporary observation point, the observation data group includes the performance change coefficient XX of the three test items at the current temporary observation point, for a total of N groups of data; the test item with the largest performance change coefficient XX in each observation data group is marked as the largest change item, the largest change items in all observation data groups are counted, and the proportion of each test item to the largest change item is calculated, where the test item with the largest proportion is marked as the key item affecting the safety performance of the energy storage battery; the energy storage batteries that fail the safety performance test are subjected to single tests respectively, and the changes in the performance change coefficient are recorded by setting temporary observation points to find out the key factors affecting the safety performance of the energy storage battery, providing data support for safety performance optimization.

[0040] A method for testing the safety performance of an energy storage battery. When working, a test environment is set up: a number of energy storage batteries are marked as test objects for safety performance testing, and all test objects are tested in the order of excessive charge and discharge cycle test, high and low temperature alternating cycle test, and mechanical vibration test. After the test is completed, the performance change coefficient of the energy storage battery and the environmental condition performance value are obtained, and the environmental condition performance value and the performance change coefficient of the energy storage battery are numerically calculated to obtain the safety factor of the energy storage battery. The safety performance of the energy storage battery is judged by the safety factor. If the result of the preliminary safety test on the energy storage battery is qualified, the order of the test items is rearranged, and the safety stability values ​​of the primary safety performance test in different arrangements are obtained. The stability of the safety performance of the energy storage battery is evaluated according to the safety stability value. If the result of the preliminary safety test on the energy storage battery is unqualified, a single test is performed on the energy storage battery, and key items affecting the safety performance of the energy storage battery are found.

[0041] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the structure of the present invention. The technicians in this technical field may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] The above formulas are obtained by collecting a large amount of data for software simulation and selecting a formula close to the actual value. The coefficients in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions; for example: formula TB=s1*ZX+s2*DS+s3*WX; technicians in this field collect multiple groups of sample data and set corresponding environmental condition performance values ​​for each group of sample data; substitute the set environmental condition performance values ​​and the collected sample data into the formula, any three formulas constitute a three-variable linear equation group, screen the calculated coefficients and take the average, and obtain the values ​​of s1, s2 and s3 as 3.14, 3.97 and 1.55 respectively;

[0043] The size of the coefficient is to quantify each parameter to obtain a specific value for subsequent comparison. The size of the coefficient depends on the amount of sample data and the preliminary setting of the corresponding environmental condition performance value for each set of sample data by technical personnel in this field; as long as it does not affect the proportional relationship between the parameter and the quantified value, such as the environmental condition performance value is proportional to the value of the temperature coefficient.

[0044] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for testing the safety performance of an energy storage battery, characterized in that: Includes primary safety performance testing methods and in-depth precision assessment methods; The primary safety performance test method includes the following steps: Step 1: Set up the test environment: mark several energy storage batteries as test objects for safety performance test. In the test environment, the test items include overcharge and discharge cycle test, high and low temperature alternating cycle test and mechanical vibration test, and obtain the environmental condition performance value TB under the test item; Step 2: Battery performance testing: All test objects are tested in the order of excessive charge and discharge cycle test, high and low temperature alternating cycle test and mechanical vibration test. After the test is completed, the deformation XB, temperature change WB and internal resistance deviation NP of the test object are obtained, and the performance variation coefficient XX of the energy storage battery is calculated through the deformation XB, temperature change WB and internal resistance deviation NP; Step 3: Safety performance evaluation: numerically calculate the environmental condition performance value TB and the performance change coefficient XX of the energy storage battery to obtain the safety factor AX of the energy storage battery, and judge the safety performance of the energy storage battery by the safety factor AX; In step one, the specific processes of different test items include: the specific process of mechanical vibration test is: fix the test object on the vibration table, simulate the vibration environment in use according to the set vibration frequency PL, amplitude ZF and vibration time ZS, and numerically calculate the vibration frequency PL, amplitude ZF and vibration time ZS to obtain the vibration coefficient ZX; the specific process of excessive charge and discharge cycle test is: place the test object on the charge and discharge device, set the charge and discharge current, discharge cut-off low voltage and charge cut-off high voltage, and the number of charge and discharge cycles is marked as the number of electric cycles DS; the specific process of high and low temperature alternating cycle test is: place the test object in the temperature control device, and alternately cycle a certain number of times with a fixed temperature difference; wherein, the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature are set, and the test temperature difference WC is obtained by difference calculation, the number of temperature cycles is marked as the number of temperature cycles WS, and the test temperature difference WC and the number of temperature cycles WS are numerically calculated to obtain the temperature coefficient WX; In step 1, the vibration coefficient ZX, the number of cycles DS and the temperature coefficient WX are numerically calculated to obtain the environmental condition performance value TB of the test; The calculation formula of the environmental condition performance value TB is: TB=s1*ZX+s2*DS+s3*WX, where s1, s2 and s3 are all proportional coefficients; The deep and accurate evaluation method includes the following steps: Step p1: Rearrange test items: If the result of the preliminary safety test on the energy storage battery is qualified, rearrange the order of the test items, and obtain the safety stability values ​​of the primary safety performance test in different arrangements, and evaluate the stability of the safety performance of the energy storage battery according to the safety stability values; Step p2: Single test comparison: If the result of the preliminary safety test on the energy storage battery is unqualified, then conduct a single test on the energy storage battery and find out the key items that affect the safety performance of the energy storage battery; In step p1, if the result of the preliminary safety test on the energy storage battery is qualified, the order of the test items is rearranged, and the three test items in the primary safety performance test method have a total of 6 arrangement orders. The safety factor AX obtained by performing the primary safety performance test in different arrangement methods constitutes a safety factor set, and the variance in the safety factor set is calculated to obtain a safety stability value, and the safety stability value is compared with a preset safety stability threshold: if the safety stability value is less than the safety stability threshold, it is judged that the energy storage battery is qualified and stable; if the safety stability value is greater than or equal to the safety stability threshold, it is judged that the energy storage battery is qualified but unstable; In step p2, several test objects are selected to perform single tests of the test items respectively, and the test time of each test item is equal; during the test process, a temporary observation point is set at regular intervals, for a total of N points, and an observation data group is obtained at each temporary observation point, the observation data group includes the performance change coefficient XX of the three test items at the current temporary observation point, for a total of N groups of data; the test item with the largest performance change coefficient XX in each observation data group is marked as the largest change item, the largest change items in all observation data groups are counted, and the proportion of each test item to the largest change item is calculated, among which the test item with the largest proportion is marked as the key item affecting the safety performance of the energy storage battery.

2. A method for testing the safety performance of an energy storage battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the process of obtaining the deformation XB, temperature change WB and internal resistance deviation NP of the test object includes: the process of obtaining the deformation XB includes: before the test starts, use a caliper to measure the length, width and thickness of the test object, measure it again after the test is completed, and multiply the length change value, width change value and thickness change value before and after the test to obtain the deformation XB; the process of obtaining the temperature change WB includes: during the entire test stage, use a temperature sensor to collect the surface temperature of several fixed monitoring points of the test object in real time, and sum and average them to obtain the temperature change WB; the process of obtaining the internal resistance deviation NP includes: before the test starts, use a battery internal resistance tester to measure the internal resistance of the test object, and measure it again after the test is completed, and the change value of the internal resistance before and after the test is recorded as the internal resistance deviation NP.

3. A method for testing the safety performance of an energy storage battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the deformation XB, temperature change WB and internal resistance deviation NP are numerically calculated to obtain the performance change value XN of the test object after the test is completed; the performance change values ​​XN of all test objects are summed and averaged to calculate the performance change coefficient XX of the energy storage battery.

4. A method for testing the safety performance of an energy storage battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step three, the environmental condition performance value TB and the performance change coefficient XX of the energy storage battery are numerically calculated to obtain the safety factor AX of the energy storage battery; the safety factor AX is compared with the preset safety threshold AXmax: if the safety factor AX is less than the safety threshold AXmax, the safety performance of the energy storage battery is judged to be qualified; if the safety factor AX is greater than or equal to the safety threshold AXmax, the safety performance of the energy storage battery is judged to be unqualified.

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