A low-temperature-resistant Hericium erinaceus strain rich in triterpenes and proteins and a cultivation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cold-resistant Hericium erinaceus strain rich in triterpenes and proteins and a cultivation method thereof, which relates to the biological field and aims to solve the problems that the prior art lacks a Hericium erinaceus variety with high protein yield, high triterpenoid compound yield, low temperature resistance and good commerciality, and the existing cultivation and management methods are difficult to meet the high yield and income increase effects. The present invention provides a Hericium erinaceus strain ( Hericium erinaceus )QAHT‑2, deposited in the General Microbiology Center of China Microorganism Culture Collection Committee on January 3, 2023, with the deposit address of No. 3, Yard No. 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, and the deposit number is CGMCC No.40372. The present invention obtains the Hericium erinaceus strain QAHT‑2 by separation and domestication, and its mycelium grows fast and robustly; it has strong adaptability to low temperature environment, can produce mushrooms at 10‑25°C, and the fruiting body in the low temperature environment is still snow-white. The fruiting body of the Hericium erinaceus strain of the present invention has a higher protein content and a higher triterpenoid compound content, and has a higher food and medicinal value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of biotechnology, and in particular to a low-temperature-resistant Hericium erinaceus strain with high protein and triterpenoid compounds, and a cultivation and management method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Hericium erinaceus Hericium erinaceus ), also known as Hericium erinaceus, pig head mushroom and white beard, is a traditional large edible and medicinal fungus mainly distributed in China. Hericium erinaceus is rich in nutritional value, containing carbohydrates, proteins, multiple vitamins and amino acids, and has high medicinal value. Among them, Hericium erinaceus has a high protein content and is rich in 17 kinds of amino acids, including 8 essential amino acids for the human body, which also gives Hericium erinaceus excellent health benefits.

[0003] At present, the demand for in-depth research on high-yield and high-protein Hericium erinaceus and the development of related products has increased dramatically in order to increase the protein intake of the masses in daily life and enrich the types of high-protein edible fungi. However, the existing Hericium erinaceus protein mainly comes from the fruiting bodies and solid fermentation mycelium cultivated in traditional modes. Due to the instability of the cultivation environment and the degradation of the strain, the protein content of Hericium erinaceus is unstable. The protein content of the existing Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies is mostly in the range of 13%-15%, which is difficult to meet the market demand. Therefore, it is particularly important to obtain stable, high-quality, high-protein Hericium erinaceus varieties. Some triterpenoid compounds in Hericium erinaceus have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Studies have found that triterpenoid compounds in Hericium erinaceus can inhibit the growth and spread of tumor cells and have potential anti-cancer effects. The content of triterpenoid compounds in the fruiting bodies of existing Hericium erinaceus varieties is mostly around 2%, which is difficult to meet the daily needs of the people. Therefore, cultivating Hericium erinaceus varieties with high triterpenoid content can meet the daily health care of the people.

[0004] With the increasing awareness of health care among the public, the market recognition of Hericium erinaceus is getting higher and higher. Therefore, it is extremely important to improve the yield and quality of Hericium erinaceus and innovate the supporting cultivation mode. At present, the production of Hericium erinaceus in my country has the following problems: 1. The fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus cannot be produced under low temperature conditions or the commercial quality of the produced fruiting bodies is poor. When the temperature is below 12°C, the fruiting bodies are light orange or light pink, and the deformity rate is greatly increased, which affects the commercial quality of Hericium erinaceus; 2. The content of triterpenoid compounds and protein in the existing Hericium erinaceus varieties is low, which is difficult to meet people's health needs; 3. Most of the traditional Hericium erinaceus cultivation materials add some relatively expensive auxiliary materials, such as wheat bran and rice bran, which increases the production cost; 4. Most of the traditional Hericium erinaceus cultivation methods are mushroom bags placed on the ground or two-layer rack cultivation, which wastes space; 5. The traditional planting irrigation method is mostly top spraying irrigation, which leads to uneven humidity in the cultivation environment where Hericium erinaceus grows, and the tiny water droplets produced will also splash on the mushroom body, causing the mushroom body to rot and cause losses. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are:

[0006] The existing technology lacks Hericium erinaceus varieties that are high-yielding in protein, high-yielding in triterpenoid compounds, resistant to low temperatures and have good commercial value, and the existing cultivation and management methods are difficult to achieve the effects of high yield and increased income.

[0007] The present invention is a technical solution adopted to solve the above technical problems: the present invention provides a strain of Hericium erinaceus, the strain is Hericium erinaceus ( Hericium erinaceus ) QAHT-2, deposited on January 3, 2023 in the General Microbiology Center of China Microorganism Culture Collection Administration, the deposit address is No. 3, Yard No. 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, and the deposit number is CGMCC No.40372.

[0008] The invention provides a Hericium erinaceus fruiting body cultivated with the Hericium erinaceus strain.

[0009] The present invention provides a method for cultivating the Hericium erinaceus fruiting body, comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) inoculating the mother strain of Hericium erinaceus into the stock culture medium to obtain the stock strain;

[0011] (2) putting the culture material into a fungus bag, sterilizing it, inoculating the original fungus species for fungus growth, and controlling the fungus growth temperature to be 10-25° C.; promoting primordium formation and strengthening ventilation; and finally harvesting the Hericium erinaceus product.

[0012] Furthermore, the culture medium of the mother culture of Hericium erinaceus in step (1) comprises, by weight, 180-200 parts of potatoes, 15-20 parts of glucose, 1-2 parts of MgSO4, 0.25-0.5 parts of CaCl2, 0.0002-0.0005 parts of vitamin B1, 3-5 parts of malt extract powder, 18-20 parts of agar and 1000 parts of water.

[0013] Furthermore, the original culture medium in step (1) comprises, by mass fraction, 80-85% of oak sawdust, 5-10% of microbial fertilizer, 5-10% of waste mulberry linterus residue, 3-5% of sucrose and 2-3% of gypsum powder.

[0014] Furthermore, the culture conditions of the original seed in step (1) are: culture at a temperature of 20-25°C and a humidity of 50-60% in the dark.

[0015] Furthermore, the cultivation material in step (2) comprises, by mass fraction, 80-85% of oak sawdust, 5-10% of microbial fertilizer, 5-10% of waste mulberry linterus residue, 2-5% of sucrose, 2-5% of gypsum powder and 1-5% of lime powder.

[0016] Furthermore, the fermentation temperature in step (2) is 16-25°C.

[0017] Furthermore, in the process of promoting primordium formation in step (2), the mushroom bag is incised by double incisions in opposite directions, and the mushroom bag is planted in a hanging manner with the bag opening facing downwards.

[0018] The present invention provides an application of the Hericium erinaceus fruiting body in preparing a product; the product is used for the following (1) and / or (2):

[0019] (1) Supplementing human triterpenoids;

[0020] (2) Supplement crude protein for the human body.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention obtains the Hericium erinaceus strain QAHT-2 by separation and domestication, the mycelium of the strain grows fast and is strong; it can produce mushrooms in a low temperature environment, has strong temperature adaptability, and the quality of the mushrooms produced in a low temperature environment of 10-16°C is still high, and the fruiting body is still snow-white. The strain of the present invention has high yield and high biological efficiency, and the bioconversion rate is as high as about 85%. The fruiting body of the Hericium erinaceus strain of the present invention has a higher protein content (up to 25%) and a higher triterpenoid compound content (up to 3.6%) than other Hericium erinaceus, which is 20 times that of ordinary Ganoderma lucidum, and has a higher food and medicinal value.

[0022] The present invention adds waste mulberry residues to the culture medium during the cultivation and management process, thereby increasing the triterpenoid content of Hericium erinaceus, which not only can make use of waste, but also saves production costs; at the same time, microbial fertilizer is used to replace the traditional relatively high-cost auxiliary materials, further reducing production costs; the cultivation method of hanging bag planting is adopted, which greatly saves space costs compared to traditional ground hanging or layer frame cultivation; and the hanging bag is cut vertically in the opposite direction of the "one" character, which not only ensures the balance of the mushroom bag in the production process, saves manpower and material resources, but also ensures that the nutrients of the mushroom bag can be fully utilized, increasing growth and income. The present invention also improves the irrigation method for hanging bag planting, adopts a mobile three-dimensional humidification device for irrigation, ensures that the upper and lower humidity of the hanging bag cultivation environment is consistent, and prevents the mushroom body from rotting due to uneven humidity distribution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a picture of Hericium erinaceus fruiting body in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a picture of the antagonism test between Hericium erinaceus No. 2 and Hericium erinaceus T3 and Hericium erinaceus Beijing in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a diagram of planting by hanging bag method in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a mobile three-dimensional humidification device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-main pipe, 2-branch pipe, 3-atomizing nozzle, 4-pulley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, some adjustments and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] If no specific experimental steps or conditions are specified in the examples, the conventional experimental steps or conditions described in the literature in the field can be used. If no manufacturer is specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional reagent products that can be obtained commercially.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] 1.1. Isolation and domestication of bacterial strains

[0032] The strain was isolated from the wild of Daqingshan Forest Farm in Qing'an County, Suihua City, and 30 wild Hericium erinaceus strains were collected. Through the domestication and screening of the 30 wild Hericium erinaceus strains, a strain with fast mycelium growth rate, high yield, low temperature resistance, excellent agronomic traits of fruiting bodies and high protein yield was obtained. The strain is suitable for bag cultivation and is named QAHT-2. The specific method is as follows:

[0033] 1.1.1. Preparation of mother culture medium

[0034] Mother culture medium formula: 200g potato, 15g glucose, 1g MgSO4, 0.25g CaCl2, 0.2mg vitamin B1, 3g malt extract powder, 20g agar and 1000ml water.

[0035] Weigh 200g of peeled potatoes, cut into thin slices, wash, add 1000ml of water and boil, boil for another 20 minutes after the water boils, then filter with gauze, take the filtrate, if the filtrate is less than 1000ml, add 1000ml, then add 20g of agar and cook until melted, then add 15g of glucose, 1g of MgSO4, 0.25g of CaCl2, 0.2mg of vitamin B1 and 3g of malt extract powder and melt, divide into test tubes for sterilization while hot, the test tubes should be filled with about one-fifth to one-quarter of the height of the test tubes, seal the test tubes with cotton plugs, and autoclave at 121℃ for 20 minutes. After sterilization, place them on a slant for later use.

[0036] 1.1.2 Tissue separation

[0037] Cut off the parts of the base of the 30 wild Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies that have not grown well, rinse them clean, rinse them several times with sterile water in a sterile room (inoculation box or clean bench), and fully absorb the surface moisture with sterile paper, and then soak them in 0.1% mercuric chloride for 5 minutes. After taking them out, rinse them several times with sterile water (you can also directly apply 75% alcohol to the surface of the fruiting body) to disinfect the surface. After disinfection, use a clean knife above the flame of an alcohol lamp to cut off the thorns, then break them apart with both hands, and quickly use an inoculation needle to pick up about 0.5cm from the base of the wild Hericium erinaceus fruiting body 1-2cm upwards. 2 The fruiting body tissue blocks were inoculated on the test tube slant culture medium, and each fruiting body was separated into 3 test tubes.

[0038] 1.1.3、Cultivation

[0039] The inoculated test tubes were placed in a 25°C incubator for incubation. After 2-3 days, white hyphae grew in and around the tissue blocks, and after 7-8 days, the hyphae covered the slope. After 3 tube transfers and purification, the test tubes corresponding to each fruiting body were selected with better growth and numbered as the test tube mother seed for the next test.

[0040] 1.2. Mycelial growth test

[0041] Plate culture medium formula: 200g potato, 15g glucose, 1g MgSO4, 0.25g CaCl2, 0.2mg vitamin B1, 3g malt extract powder, 20g agar and 1000ml water.

[0042] Weigh 200g of peeled potatoes, cut into thin slices, wash, add 1000ml of water to boil, boil for another 20 minutes after the water boils, then filter with gauze, take the filtrate, if the filtrate is less than 1000ml, add 1000ml, then add 20g of agar and cook until melted, then add 15g of glucose, 1g of MgSO4, 0.25g of CaCl2, 0.2mg of vitamin B1 and 3g of malt extract powder to melt, autoclave at 121℃ for 20 minutes, and pour the sterilized plate into the clean bench for use.

[0043] Take 0.5cm on the slope of the test tube mother seed 2 The fungus blocks were inoculated on the plate culture medium (d=9cm) and cultured at a constant temperature of 25℃. When the mycelium covered the plate, a 0.7cm diameter puncher was used to take the fungus blocks of the same age, equal size and no contamination and transferred them to the center of the plate culture medium (d=9cm). The mycelium was cultured at a constant temperature of 25℃. After the mycelium germinated, the cross-line method was used to mark the scale every 24h until the mycelium covered the plate. The mycelium growth rate was calculated and the mycelium growth potential was observed. Each strain was repeated 3 times. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1 Comparison of mycelial characteristics of different Hericium erinaceus strains

[0045]

[0046] Among them, "+" means that the mycelium is sparse, weak, and irregular, "++" means that the mycelium is relatively sparse, with good growth and uniformity, "+++" means that the mycelium is dense, strong, and has good uniformity, and "++++" means that the mycelium is dense, thick, and has excellent uniformity.

[0047] The strains with excellent growth and good numbers 2, 3, 9, 10, 11, 14, 16 and 24 were selected for the fruiting test.

[0048] 1.3. Stock seed preparation and cultivation

[0049] The original culture medium includes, by mass percentage, 85% oak sawdust, 10% microbial fertilizer (7790-3 from Hebei Rundong Fertilizer Co., Ltd.), 3% sucrose and 2% gypsum powder.

[0050] Choose fresh, mold-free culture medium, mix the microbial fertilizer and gypsum powder together in proportion, then add cottonseed hulls and mix them evenly, put sucrose into water to melt, stir the mixed dry material with sucrose water evenly to prepare the culture medium (water content 60 wt%), put it into 17x35cm sized culture bags for sterilization, put 1.5 kg of culture medium into each bag, sterilize it at normal pressure for 12 hours, and set aside.

[0051] The surfaces of the 8 selected mother seed test tubes are disinfected in a sterile room (inoculation box or clean bench). After disinfection, pull out the mother seed test tube plugs above the flame of an alcohol lamp, quickly use a clean inoculation loop to take out part of the mother seed, and place it into the prepared original seed culture medium.

[0052] The inoculated original species is cultured in a sterile room away from light, the temperature is controlled at 20-25° C. and the humidity is controlled at 50-60%, and the original species of Hericium erinaceus is obtained after culturing for 20-25 days.

[0053] 1.4. Cultivar preparation and cultivation

[0054] The cultivation medium includes, by mass percentage, 85% oak sawdust, 10% microbial fertilizer, 2% sucrose, 2% gypsum powder and 1% lime powder.

[0055] Select fresh, mildew-free culture medium, mix the microbial fertilizer, gypsum powder and lime powder together in proportion, then add sawdust and mix in proportion, put sucrose into water to melt, mix the mixed dry material and sucrose water evenly, prepare the cultivation medium (water content 60wt%), put it into 17x35cm bags for sterilization, put 1.5kg of the medium into each bag, sterilize it at normal pressure for 12 hours, wait for the temperature to drop to 25℃, inoculate the original species of Hericium erinaceus under sterile conditions, and move it into the greenhouse for unified culture after inoculation; the culture conditions are: temperature 20-25℃, relative air humidity 70-85%, and ensure good ventilation, and culture in the dark until the mycelium fills the bag.

[0056] 1.5. Low temperature resistance screening test

[0057] The cultured mushroom bags were managed for fruiting under the same culture conditions. The unplugged mushroom bags were placed in the fruiting room for fruiting. The temperature was controlled at a gradient of 10-24°C, the humidity was 90-95%, the scattered light was 300-500 Lux, and good ventilation was ensured. The fruiting bodies were harvested when they were mature, and the fruiting rate and deformity rate were counted. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3. The fruiting body yield of each bag (the total of multiple mushrooms) at 18-20°C was recorded and the bioconversion rate was calculated. The agronomic traits of the fruiting bodies of different strains were recorded, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0058] Table 2 Comparison of fruiting rates of different Hericium erinaceus strains at different temperatures

[0059]

[0060] Table 3 Comparison of deformity rates of different Hericium erinaceus strains at different temperatures

[0061] Strain number 10℃ 12℃ 14℃ 16℃ 18℃ 20℃ 22℃ 24℃ 2 45% 26% 10% 1% 0% 0% 0% 0% 3 93% 69% 46% 18% 3% 0% 0% 0% 9 50% 28% 13% 7% 1% 0% 0% 0% 10 59% 37% 20% 10% 2% 0% 0% 0% 11 48% 39% 18% 8% 4% 0% 0% 0% 14 51% 39% 20% 10% 4% 0% 0% 0% 16 97% 66% 45% 19% 5% 0% 0% 0% 24 62% 30% 20% 10% 2% 0% 0% 0%

[0062] Table 4 Comparison of agronomic traits of fruiting bodies of different Hericium erinaceus strains

[0063]

[0064] From Tables 2, 3 and 4, it can be seen that the agronomic traits of the fruiting bodies of strains No. 2, 9, 10, 11, 14 and 24 are compared. It can be seen that strains No. 2, 9 and 24 have high bioconversion rates and good commercial properties.

[0065] Embodiment 2:

[0066] 2.1 Antagonism experiment

[0067] Antagonism experiments were conducted using Hericium erinaceus No. 2, 9, 24 and existing varieties Hericium erinaceus T3 and Beijing Hericium erinaceus (both varieties were introduced from Beijing Ji Mushroom Garden Technology Co., Ltd.) as test materials. The test method referred to NY / T 1845 Differential Identification of Antagonistic Reactions of Edible Fungi Species.

[0068] Antagonism test plate culture medium formula: 200g potato, 20g glucose, 20g agar, 5g peptone, 3g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5g magnesium sulfate and 1000ml water.

[0069] Weigh 200g of peeled potatoes, cut into thin slices, wash, add 1000ml of water to boil, boil for another 20 minutes after the water boils, then filter with gauze, take the filtrate, if the filtrate is less than 1000ml, add 1000ml, then add agar and cook until melted, then add glucose, agar, peptone, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate to melt, autoclave at 121℃ for 20 minutes, and after sterilization, pour into a 9cm plate in the clean bench for later use.

[0070] Hericium erinaceus No. 2, 9, 24, Hericium erinaceus T3 and Hericium erinaceus Beijing were inoculated and cultured on the antagonistic test plate medium; the culture conditions were: constant temperature culture at 25°C for 15 days. The test results are shown in Table 5 and Figure 2 shown.

[0071] Table 5 Hericium erinaceus antagonism test

[0072] variety Hericium T3 Peking Hericium Hericium erinaceus No.2 + + Hericium erinaceus No.9 + + Hericium erinaceus No. 24 + +

[0073] Note: “+” indicates antagonism.

[0074] Antagonism experiments showed that Hericium erinaceus No. 2, 9 and 24 were different strains from Hericium erinaceus T3 and Hericium erinaceus Beijing.

[0075] 2.2 Mycelium comparison experiment

[0076] Prepare the mother strains of Hericium erinaceus No. 2, 9, 24, existing varieties of Hericium erinaceus T3 and Beijing Hericium erinaceus into test tube mother strains, and take 0.5 cm on the inclined surface of the test tube mother strains of Hericium erinaceus No. 2, 9, 24, existing varieties of Hericium erinaceus T3 and Beijing Hericium erinaceus. 2 The fungus blocks were inoculated on the mother culture plate culture medium (d=9cm); the plates were cultured at a constant temperature of 25°C. When the mycelium covered the plate, a 0.7cm diameter puncher was used to take fungus blocks of the same age, equal size and without contamination and transferred them to the center of the plate culture medium (d=9cm). The plates were cultured at a constant temperature of 25°C. After the mycelium germinated, the cross-line method was used to mark the scale every 24h until the mycelium covered the plate. The mycelium growth rate was calculated and the mycelium growth potential was observed. The results are shown in Table 6.

[0077] Table 6 Comparative test of the properties of Hericium erinaceus mycelium

[0078]

[0079] 2.3 Low temperature resistance test

[0080] The test tube mother strains of Hericium erinaceus No. 2, 9, 24, existing varieties Hericium erinaceus T3 and Beijing Hericium erinaceus were inoculated into stock culture medium (water content 60wt%) containing, by mass percentage, 85% oak sawdust, 10% microbial fertilizer, 3% sucrose and 2% gypsum powder, respectively, and cultured in a sterile room in the dark, with the temperature controlled at 20-25°C and the humidity controlled at 50-60%;

[0081] When full fungus is waiting to be fully grown, each Hericium erinaceus original species is inoculated into a cultivation medium (water content 60wt%) which includes, by mass percentage, 85% oak sawdust, 10% microbial fertilizer, 2% sucrose, 2% gypsum powder and 1% lime powder, and the inoculated cultivation species are placed in different temperature gradient environments, with a relative air humidity of 95%, a light of 300 Lux, and a carbon dioxide concentration of 200-750ppm, with 100 bags for each variety; at the fruiting stage, the fruiting yields of different Hericium erinaceus varieties in each temperature treatment environment were counted, and the results are shown in Table 7.

[0082] Table 7 Comparative test of mushroom yield of Hericium erinaceus at different temperatures

[0083]

[0084] Table 8 Comparative test on deformity rate of Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies at different temperatures

[0085] Temperature abnormality rate Hericium erinaceus No.2 Hericium erinaceus No.9 Hericium erinaceus No. 24 Hericium T3 Peking Hericium 10℃ 47% 51% 53% - - 12℃ 22% 28% 31% - - 14℃ 12% 17% 21% 67% 53% 16℃ 1% 7% 10% 33% 41% 18℃ 0% 0% 0% 8% 13% 20℃ 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 22℃ 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 24℃ 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

[0086] Table 9 Color comparison test of Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies at different temperatures

[0087] Temperature fruiting body color Hericium erinaceus No.2 Hericium erinaceus No.9 Hericium erinaceus No. 24 Hericium T3 Peking Hericium 10℃ Snow White Snow White Snow White - - 12℃ Snow White Snow White Snow White - - 14℃ Snow White Snow White Snow White Light Pink Light Pink 16℃ Snow White Snow White Snow White milky Light Pink 18℃ Snow White Snow White Snow White Snow White milky 20℃ Snow White Snow White Snow White Snow White milky 22℃ Snow White Snow White Snow White Snow White milky 24℃ Snow White Snow White Snow White Snow White milky

[0088] Through the low-temperature cultivation test, it can be known that compared with the existing varieties, the fruiting performance of Hericium erinaceus No. 2, 9 and 24 under low temperature is better. At the temperature of 10-12℃, the fruiting body is still snow-white, which does not affect the commercial quality of Hericium erinaceus. Among them, the low-temperature resistance of No. 2 variety is better than other varieties.

[0089] 2.4 Product comparison test

[0090] The cultivars of Hericium erinaceus No. 2, 9, 24, existing variety Hericium erinaceus T3 and Beijing Hericium erinaceus were cultured at a temperature of 20-25°C and a relative humidity of 70-85% with good ventilation for 30 days.

[0091] During the fruiting stage, the temperature of the mushroom bag was controlled between 18-20℃, and the mushrooms were cultured under the conditions of relative humidity of 90-95% and light of 300-500 Lux, and water was sprayed 1-2 times a day. When the spines of Hericium erinaceus were fully extended and began to droop, the fruiting bodies were harvested. During this period, the colors and shapes of the fruiting bodies of the five varieties of Hericium erinaceus were observed and counted, and the agronomic traits of the fruiting bodies of different varieties were recorded. The results are shown in Table 10.

[0092] Table 10 Comparative test on agronomic traits of Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies

[0093]

[0094] The results in Table 10 show that the fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus No. 2 ( Figure 1 ) Compared with other varieties, the fruiting body is larger, reaching more than 360g, with higher yield and higher bioconversion rate. At the same time, the results of Table 7 and Table 3 also show that strain No. 2 is stronger and has better properties than strains No. 9 and No. 24. The strains planted for three generations are still stable and have not degenerated.

[0095] 2.5. Secondary metabolite test

[0096] Comparative experiments on the content of secondary metabolites were conducted on Hericium erinaceus No. 2, 9, 24, Hericium erinaceus T3 and Hericium erinaceus Beijing. Among them, the determination of protein content refers to GB 5009.5-2016 "National Food Safety Standard Determination of Protein in Food"; the analysis of amino acid composition refers to GB / T 5009.124-2016 "National Food Safety Standard Determination of Amino Acids in Food"; the crude polysaccharide content refers to NY / T1676-2008 "Determination of Crude Polysaccharide Content in Edible Fungi"; the determination of triterpenoids refers to the determination method of triterpenes and sterols in Ganoderma lucidum in the 2015 edition (Part I) of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia"). The secondary metabolite content of each Hericium erinaceus fruiting body under the same cultivation conditions was tested. The Hericium erinaceus fruiting body was baked at 40℃ for 16 hours and ground for use. 10g of each was taken to test the crude protein, amino acid, crude polysaccharide and triterpenoid content of Hericium erinaceus. The results are shown in Table 11.

[0097] Table 11 Comparative test of secondary metabolite content of Hericium erinaceus

[0098] Test items Hericium erinaceus No.2 Hericium erinaceus No.9 Hericium erinaceus No. 24 Hericium T3 Peking Hericium Crude Protein 25.7% 13.2% 12.9% 14.7% 14.3% Amino Acids 21.8% 11.6% 12.3% 14.3% 13.8% Crude polysaccharide 6.12% 3.78% 3.97% 4.36% 4.16% Triterpenoids 3.63% 2.41% 2.21% 2.61% 1.98%

[0099] From the results in Table 11, it can be seen that Hericium erinaceus No. 2 has higher contents of crude protein, amino acids, crude polysaccharides and triterpenoids than other varieties. The crude protein content is as high as over 25%, and the triterpenoid content is as high as 3.6%. It is a high-protein and high-triterpenoid Hericium erinaceus variety with great medicinal value and health benefits.

[0100] 2.6 Identification

[0101] Morphological identification

[0102] The invention provides a No. 2 strain with pure white and dense mycelium, neat and uniform colony edges, sparse growth on a plate culture medium at the beginning, velvety and radially diffused from the inoculation point to the surroundings, and then gradually becoming dense and strong. The fruiting body is fleshy, block-shaped and head-shaped, like a monkey's head, white when fresh, soft and tender. When dry, it is light yellow to yellowish brown, sessile, narrow at the base, and densely covered with thorns except the base, covering the entire fruiting body, with sharp ends, and a single fruiting body with a diameter of 15-17 cm.

[0103] Molecular Biology Identification

[0104] ITS sequencing was performed on Hericium erinaceus No. 2. The ITS sequence was amplified and DNA sequenced. The sequencing results are shown in Sequence Table 1. The sample sequence was compared with the known sequences in GenBank, and it was determined that Hericium erinaceus QAHT-2 of the present invention belongs to the phylum Basidiomycetes, class Agaricomycetes, order Russulares, family Hericium, and genus Hericium.

[0105] preservation

[0106] On January 3, 2023, Hericium erinaceus No. 2 was deposited in the General Microbiological Center of China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration Committee, with the deposit address at No. 3, Yard No. 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, and was classified and named Hericium erinaceus, with the Latin name Hericium erinaceus The strain name is QAHT-2 and the deposit number is CGMCC No.40372.

[0107] Example 3

[0108] 3.1 Bag material formula

[0109] A comparative test of different bag material formulas was carried out on the Hericium erinaceus variety QAHT-2.

[0110] Formula 1: 85% oak sawdust, 10% microbial fertilizer, 2% sucrose, 2% gypsum powder and 1% lime powder.

[0111] Formula 2: 85% oak sawdust, 5% microbial fertilizer, 5% waste mulberry fungus residue, 2% sucrose, 2% gypsum powder and 1% lime powder.

[0112] Fresh, mildew-free culture medium is selected and dry-mixed evenly in proportion, sucrose is put into water to melt, the mixed dry material and sucrose water are stirred evenly to prepare a cultivation culture medium (water content 60wt%), which is put into a 17x35cm sized fungus bag for sterilization, with 1.5kg of fungus medium put into each bag, and sterilized at normal pressure for 12 hours. When the temperature drops to 25°C, the original species of Hericium erinaceus QAHT-2 is inoculated under sterile conditions, and after inoculation, it is moved into a greenhouse for unified cultivation; the cultivation conditions are: temperature 20-25°C, relative air humidity 70-85%, and good ventilation is ensured, and light-proof cultivation is carried out until the mycelium fills the fungus bag.

[0113] The fruiting body yield, bioconversion rate, crude protein, amino acids, crude polysaccharides and triterpenoid content of Hericium erinaceus QAHT-2 under different bag material formulas were tested respectively, and the comparison results are shown in Table 12.

[0114] Table 12 Comparative test of bag material formula

[0115] Test items Recipe 1 Recipe 2 Fruiting body yield kg / bag 0.51 kg 0.54kg Bioconversion rate 85% 90% Crude Protein 25.7% 26.3% Amino Acids 21.8% 23.6% Crude polysaccharide 6.12% 7.84% Triterpenoids 3.63% 4.34%

[0116] According to Table 12, the various indicators of Hericium erinaceus under Formula 2 are relatively better than those under Formula 1.

[0117] 3.2 Cultivation methods

[0118] like Figure 3 As shown, in the process of mushroom production management, this embodiment adopts the hanging bag planting method to replace the traditional bottom planting method to produce mushrooms. Under the same area, the number of mushroom bags placed is 3 times that of the traditional ground planting method, which saves space production costs very well. When producing mushrooms, two (or three) nylon ropes are tied in a herringbone shape at intervals of 20-25cm on the mushroom bags, and the bottom is knotted. Then, the cut mushroom bags are clamped on the nylon rope with the bag opening facing down, and then a thin iron hook with hooks at both ends (the length is preferably 5cm) is buckled on the nylon rope, and one bag can be hung. The second bag is supported on the thin iron hook according to the same steps, and so on until it is hung. The greenhouse space can be effectively utilized to increase production and income. At the same time, the opposite double-cut method is adopted for mushroom production, which makes full use of the nutrients in the mushroom bags, keeps the mushroom bags balanced, saves management costs, and promotes increased production.

[0119] 3.3 Irrigation methods

[0120] Use Figure 4 The mobile three-dimensional humidifying device shown in the figure is used for humidification, and the mobile three-dimensional humidifying device includes a main pipeline 1 and multiple branch pipes 2, one end of the branch pipe 2 is connected to the main pipeline 1, and the other end of the branch pipe 2 is provided with a pulley 4, and the aisle in the planting area is provided with a slideway. The mobile three-dimensional humidifying device slides and humidifies in the aisle in the planting area through the pulley 4, and multiple atomizing nozzles 3 are arranged on the side wall of each branch pipe 2. It can not only ensure the consistency of the upper and lower humidity in the cultivation environment, but also prevent water droplets from splashing on the mushroom body and rotting, effectively reducing the loss in the production process of Hericium erinaceus.

[0121] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art may make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A strain of Hericium erinaceus, characterized in that: The strain is Hericium erinaceus ( Hericium erinaceus ) QAHT-2, deposited on January 3, 2023 in the General Microbiology Center of China Microorganism Culture Collection Administration, the deposit address is No. 3, Yard No. 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, and the deposit number is CGMCC No.40372.

2. A method for cultivating a Hericium erinaceus fruiting body of the Hericium erinaceus strain according to claim 1.

3. A method for cultivating the Hericium erinaceus fruiting body according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) inoculating the mother strain of Hericium erinaceus according to claim 1 into a stock culture medium to obtain a stock strain; (2) The cultivation material is placed in a fungus bag, sterilized, and then inoculated with the original fungus species for fermentation, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 10-25° C., the primordium formation is promoted, ventilation is enhanced, and finally the Hericium erinaceus product is harvested.

4. The method for cultivating Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies according to claim 3, characterized in that: The original seed culture medium in step (1) comprises, by mass fraction, 80-85% of oak sawdust, 5%-10% of microbial fertilizer, 5-10% of mulberry linterus waste residue, 3-5% of sucrose and 2-3% of gypsum powder.

5. The method for cultivating Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies according to claim 4, characterized in that: The culture conditions of the original seed in step (1) are: culture at a temperature of 20-25°C and a humidity of 50-60% in the dark.

6. The method for cultivating Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cultivation materials in step (2) include, by mass fraction, 80-85% of oak sawdust, 5%-10% of microbial fertilizer, 5-10% of mulberry linterus waste residue, 2-5% of sucrose, 2-5% of gypsum powder and 1-5% of lime powder.

7. The method for cultivating Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fermentation temperature in step (2) is 16-25°C.

8. The method for cultivating Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the process of promoting primordium formation in step (2), the mushroom bag is incised by double incisions in opposite directions, and a hanging bag planting method is adopted.

9. Use of the Hericium erinaceus fruiting body according to claim 2 in preparing a product; the product is used for the following 1) and / or 2): 1) Supplement triterpenoids for human body; 2) Supplement crude protein for the human body.

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