Locking assembly, locking structure, battery replacing structure and new energy excavator

Abstract

The invention discloses a locking assembly, a locking structure, a battery replacing structure and a new energy excavator. The locking assembly comprises a bottom plate, a pair of opposite vertical plates, a lock catch, a long-strip-shaped flexible part and an elastic part. The two vertical plates are fixed to the top face of the bottom plate in the mode of being perpendicular to the bottom plate, and the two vertical plates are each provided with a reaming hole which is coaxially formed. The whole lock catch is of a Z-shaped plate structure, the corner portion of the lower portion of the lock catch is located between the two vertical plates, and the lock catch and the two vertical plates are hinged together through cooperation of a first pin shaft assembly and the two reaming holes. One end of the flexible part is connected to the tail part of the lock catch, and the other end of the flexible part vertically penetrates into a through hole in the bottom plate downwards; the elastic component is sleeved on the flexible component between the lock catch and the bottom plate, the flexible component is pulled down to drive the lock catch to rotate reversely to compress the elastic component, and the upper corner of the lock catch is raised up to enable the lock catch to be in an unlocked state; when the external force for pulling down the flexible part is eliminated, the elastic part resets and then drives the lock catch to rotate forwards to a locking state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a locking assembly and a locking structure, belonging to the technical field of new energy excavators. Background Art

[0002] Encouraged by relevant national policies and required by some construction environments, various manufacturers have successively launched different models of electric excavators (hereinafter referred to as "electric excavators"), mainly in three forms: rechargeable excavators, towed electric excavators and battery-swap excavators. Small batches of the first two types of electric excavators have been put on the market, while battery-swap excavators are currently in the development stage. The main difficulties lie in the way the battery pack is fixed and the reliability of the connection to the turntable.

[0003] The existing battery replacement structure consists of a base 1 and a frame 2, which are fixed and matched by a hydraulic cylinder and positioning pins.

[0004] The locking and unlocking of the battery swap box is mainly achieved by an independent hydraulic system, which mainly consists of a 24V motor pump, a manual valve and six sets of telescopic cylinders. The six sets of telescopic cylinders are controlled by the manual valve for locking and unlocking.

[0005] The frame 200 and the base 100 need to be installed with the help of a hoist. The frame 200 is lifted to the upper part of the base 100 with the hoist. After the relative position is determined by the guide column and the positioning pin, the frame 200 is slowly dropped. The frame 200 is installed in place, and the hydraulic cylinder is controlled by the hydraulic system so that its piston rod pushes the lock tongue to extend and fix it with the fixed pad on the frame.

[0006] However, the above technical solution has the following shortcomings: 1. When the telescopic cylinder fails and cannot be retracted, the power-changing box cannot be dropped from the turntable, and because the space between the power-changing box and the turntable is relatively narrow, it is also difficult to remove the cylinder from the bottom; 2. If the telescopic cylinder fails and the system is depressurized, there is a risk that the battery replacement box will fall; 3. The force direction of the telescopic cylinder is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the piston rod. There is a greater risk of oil leakage in the hydraulic cylinder if it is used for a long time. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a locking assembly and a locking structure, which can realize self-locking through a spring on the one hand, and can be manually unlocked or automatically unlocked by adding a hydraulic cylinder on the other hand.

[0008] The present invention is implemented according to the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a locking assembly, comprising: Base plate; A pair of vertical plates facing each other are fixed on the top surface of the bottom plate in a manner perpendicular to the bottom plate, and each of the two vertical plates is provided with a coaxially arranged reaming hole; The lock buckle is a Z-shaped plate structure as a whole, and the corner portion of the lower portion is located between the two vertical plates, and the lock buckle is hinged to the two vertical plates through the cooperation of the first pin assembly and the two reaming holes; A long strip of flexible component, one end of which is connected to the tail of the lock buckle, and the other end of which is vertically inserted into the through hole on the bottom plate; The elastic component is sleeved on the flexible component located between the lock buckle and the bottom plate. Pulling down the flexible component drives the lock buckle to rotate in the opposite direction to compress the elastic component, and the upper corner of the lock buckle rises to put the lock buckle in an unlocked state. When the external force of pulling down the flexible component is eliminated, the elastic component is reset and drives the lock buckle to rotate forward to a locked state.

[0009] In some embodiments, the tail of the lock is hinged with a mounting plate, and the flexible component is connected to the mounting plate; the mounting plate is composed of a support plate and a pair of opposite side plates vertically fixed thereon, and the upper end surface of the elastic component rests on the support plate; a coaxially arranged reamed hole is respectively provided on the two side plates and the tail of the lock, and the lock is hinged to the two side plates through the cooperation of the second pin assembly and the three reamed holes; an earring is fixed in the central area of ​​the bottom surface of the support plate for connecting the flexible component.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second pin assembly includes a T-shaped latch and a cotter pin, the T-shaped latch is simultaneously inserted into the reamed holes of the two side plates and the lock, and the cotter pin is inserted into the T-shaped latch to axially limit the T-shaped latch.

[0011] In some embodiments, the flexible component passing through the through hole on the bottom plate is divided into two parts, wherein the flexible component I of one part is connected to the power component, and the flexible component is pulled down by the movement of the power component, thereby driving the lock to rotate in the opposite direction; the flexible component II of the other part is led to a position that can be touched by hand as a safety device, and when the power component fails, the lock can be unlocked by pulling the flexible component by hand.

[0012] In some embodiments, the power component is a hydraulic cylinder, and a fixed pulley is provided below the through hole on the base plate. The flexible component I is turned from the vertical direction through the fixed pulley and then extends horizontally and is connected to the piston rod of the horizontally placed hydraulic cylinder.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first pin shaft assembly includes a pin shaft with a baffle on the end face and a screw, the pin shaft is inserted into the reamed holes of two vertical plates and a lock, and the baffle is abutted against one of the vertical plates; a mounting hole is provided on the baffle plate, and a threaded hole coaxially arranged with the mounting hole is provided on the vertical plate, and the screw passes through the mounting hole and is tightened in the threaded hole, thereby fixing the baffle on the vertical plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the upper part of the lock is a "goose head" structure as a whole, and the mouth of the "goose head" structure is a gradient structure extending horizontally outward and being wide inside and narrow outside; the tail of the lock is provided with a notch facing the elastic component, which is used to increase the reverse rotation path of the lock.

[0015] In the second aspect, the present invention provides a locking structure, comprising two of the above-mentioned locking components; the two locking components are arranged relatively on a substrate; when the locking structure is in a locked state, the upper extension ends of the two locks are butted together, thereby limiting the pre-locking component between the base and the two locks; when the locking structure is in an unlocked state, the upper extension ends of the two locks are raised and separated, so that the pre-locking component can be detached from the two locks.

[0016] In some embodiments, the top surface of the upper extended area of ​​the two locks is set to a convex arc surface, and the bottom surface of the pre-locking component is fixed with an angular component that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. The falling angular component squeezes the convex arc surfaces on both sides to spread the two locks apart; when the locking component falls onto the base, the two locks will be reset under the action of their respective elastic components, and the locking structure will achieve self-locking.

[0017] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a battery replacement structure, comprising a base and a frame; a plurality of the above-mentioned locking structures are mounted on the base for fixing the frame on the base.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a new energy excavator, comprising the above-mentioned battery replacement structure.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The locking assembly is self-locking through a spring, and the force-bearing parts are mainly the lock buckle and the pin; 2. The hydraulic cylinder only provides the tension required for the compression spring, and the piston rod is not subject to shear force; 3. When the hydraulic cylinder fails, it can be unlocked manually without disassembling the cylinder; 4. This technical solution can be completely separated from the hydraulic cylinder and can be locked and unlocked manually. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are part of the present invention and are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.

[0021] In the attached picture: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing battery replacement structure; Figure 2 It is an overall schematic diagram of the locking assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the locking assembly of the present invention without the spring; Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the locking assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the locking structure of the present invention in a locked state; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the locking structure of the present invention in an unlocked state; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the unlocking movement of the locking structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the locking structure of the present invention.

[0022] The accompanying drawings are marked with: lock buckle 1, pin shaft 2, vertical plate 3, bottom plate 4, mounting plate 5, T-shaped latch 6, cotter pin 6-1, elastic component 7, flexible component 8, flexible component II 8-1, flexible component I 8-2, fixed pulley 9, power component 10.

[0023] It should be noted that these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the conceptual scope of the present invention in any way, but are intended to illustrate the concept of the present invention for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “inside” and “outside” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, a locking assembly comprises a base plate 4, a pair of opposite vertical plates 3, a lock buckle 1, a long flexible component 8 and an elastic component 7; a pair of opposite vertical plates 3 are fixed on the top surface of the base plate 4 in a manner perpendicular to the base plate 4, and a coaxially arranged reaming hole is provided on each of the two vertical plates 3; the lock buckle 1 is a Z-shaped plate structure as a whole, and the corner portion of its lower part is located between the two vertical plates 3, and the lock buckle 1 and the two vertical plates 3 are hinged together by a first pin shaft assembly and the two reaming holes; one end of the long flexible component 8 is connected to the tail of the lock buckle 1, and the other end is vertically downwardly inserted into the through hole on the base plate 4; the elastic component 7 is sleeved on the flexible component 8 located between the lock buckle 1 and the base plate 4, and pulling down the flexible component 8 drives the lock buckle 1 to rotate in the opposite direction to compress the elastic component 7, and the upper corner of the lock buckle 1 rises so that the lock buckle 1 is in an unlocked state; when the external force pulling down the flexible component 8 is eliminated, the elastic component 7 is reset and drives the lock buckle 1 to rotate forward to a locked state.

[0028] Further solutions, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the tail of the lock buckle 1 is hinged with a mounting plate 5, and the flexible component 8 is connected to the mounting plate 5; the mounting plate 5 is composed of a support plate and a pair of side plates opposite to each other fixed vertically thereon, and the upper end surface of the elastic component 7 is against the support plate; a coaxially arranged reamed hole is respectively provided on the two side plates and the tail of the lock buckle 1, and the lock buckle 1 is hinged to the two side plates through the cooperation of the second pin shaft assembly and the three reamed holes; an earring is fixed in the central area of ​​the bottom surface of the support plate for connecting the flexible component 8.

[0029] In a preferred solution, the elastic component 7 can be a spring, and when the spring is in a natural state, the lock buckle 1 is in a locked state.

[0030] Further solutions, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second pin shaft assembly includes a T-shaped latch pin 6 and a cotter pin 6 - 1 . The T-shaped latch pin 6 is inserted into the reamed holes of the two side plates and the lock buckle 1 at the same time. The cotter pin 6 - 1 is inserted into the T-shaped latch pin 6 to limit the axial position of the T-shaped latch pin 6 .

[0031] It should be noted that the second pin assembly is not limited to the above-mentioned T-shaped latch and cotter pin, and may also be a bolt and a nut.

[0032] Further solutions, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the first pin shaft assembly includes a pin shaft 2 with a baffle on the end face and a screw, the pin shaft 2 is inserted into the reamed holes of two vertical plates 3 and the lock buckle 1, and the baffle is in contact with one of the vertical plates 3; a mounting hole is provided on the baffle, and a threaded hole coaxially arranged with the mounting hole is provided on the vertical plate 3, the screw passes through the mounting hole and is tightened in the threaded hole, thereby fixing the baffle on the vertical plate 3.

[0033] Further solutions, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the upper part of the lock buckle 1 is a "goose head" structure as a whole, and the mouth of the "goose head" structure is a gradient structure extending horizontally outward and being wide inside and narrow outside; the tail of the lock buckle 1 is provided with a notch toward the elastic component 7, which is used to increase the reverse rotation path of the lock buckle 1.

[0034] Further solutions, such as Figure 7 As shown, the flexible component 8 passing through the through hole on the bottom plate 4 is divided into two parts, one of which is the flexible component I8-2 connected to the power component 10, and the flexible component 8 is pulled down by the movement of the power component 10, thereby driving the lock 1 to rotate in the opposite direction; the other flexible component II8-1 is led to a position that can be touched by hand as a safety, and when the power component 10 fails, the lock 1 can be unlocked by pulling the flexible component 8 by hand.

[0035] In a further solution, the power component 10 is a hydraulic cylinder, and a fixed pulley 9 is provided below the through hole on the base plate 4. The flexible component Ⅰ8-2 is turned from the vertical direction through the fixed pulley 9 and then extends horizontally and is connected to the piston rod of the horizontally placed hydraulic cylinder.

[0036] It should be noted that the power component 10 is not limited to the above-mentioned hydraulic cylinder, and may also be an electric telescopic rod, as long as it is a component that can provide reciprocating motion.

[0037] According to a preferred solution, the flexible component 8 can be a flexible rope, one end of which is wound and fixed on the earring of the support plate. The flexible rope passing through the through hole on the base plate 4 is divided into two strands, one of which is guided by the guide wheel 9 and connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. The flexible rope is pulled by retracting the hydraulic cylinder, the spring is compressed, and the lock buckle 1 rotates around the pin 2; the other strand of rope is led to a position that is easily touched by the hand as a safety device. When the hydraulic cylinder fails and cannot be retracted, the rope can be pulled to unlock the lock.

[0038] It should be noted that the above locking components can be used alone to lock some components, or they can be used in pairs.

[0039] A preferred application embodiment of the above locking assembly is given below: like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, a locking structure comprises two of the above-mentioned locking assemblies; the two locking assemblies are arranged relatively on a substrate; when the locking structure is in a locked state, the upper extension ends of the two lock buckles are butted together, thereby limiting the pre-locking component between the base and the two lock buckles; when the locking structure is in an unlocked state, the upper extension ends of the two lock buckles rise up and separate, so that the pre-locking component can be detached from the two lock buckles.

[0040] The working process of the above locking structure is given below: like Figure 5 As shown, at this time, the springs in the locking assemblies on both sides are in a natural state. When the power components 10 (i.e., hydraulic cylinders) on both sides are retracted at the same time, the flexible ropes on both sides are pulled, the springs are compressed, and the lock buckles on both sides rotate around the pins, and the locking structure is opened, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the battery frame falls down until it completely contacts the base plate, and when the hydraulic cylinders on both sides extend at the same time, the locks on both sides are reset under the action of the springs, so that the locking structure realizes self-locking after the locks on both sides contact.

[0041] When one or both sides of the hydraulic cylinder fails and cannot be retracted, it can be unlocked by pulling the flexible component Ⅱ8-1. Figure 7 shown.

[0042] Further solutions, such as Figure 8 As shown, the top surface of the upper extended area of ​​the two lock buckles is set to a convex arc surface, and the bottom surface of the pre-locking component is fixed with an angular component that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. The falling angular component squeezes the convex arc surfaces on both sides to spread the two lock buckles apart; when the locking component falls onto the base, the two lock buckles will be reset under the action of their respective elastic components, and the locking structure will achieve self-locking.

[0043] As can be seen from the above, the locking structure of the above scheme can be completely separated from the hydraulic cylinder and locked by a mechanical structure. To achieve this function, it is necessary to add an angle component at the bottom of the battery frame, such as Figure 8 As shown, when the battery frame falls downward, the angled component will squeeze open the two closed locks. When the battery frame falls completely, the locks on both sides are reset under the action of the springs, and the locking structure achieves self-locking.

[0044] In summary, the locking assembly achieves self-locking through a spring, and the force-bearing components are mainly the lock and the pin; the hydraulic cylinder only provides the pulling force required for the compression spring, and the piston rod is not subject to shear force; when the hydraulic cylinder fails, it can be manually unlocked without disassembling the cylinder; this technical solution can be completely separated from the hydraulic cylinder and achieve locking and unlocking manually.

[0045] The battery replacement structure provided by the present invention is described below. The battery replacement structure described below and the locking structure described above can be referenced to each other.

[0046] The present invention provides a battery replacement structure, which includes a base and a frame, wherein a plurality of the above-mentioned locking structures are installed on the base for fixing the frame on the base.

[0047] The beneficial effects achieved by the battery replacement structure provided by the present invention are consistent with the beneficial effects achieved by the locking structure provided by the present invention, and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] The new energy excavator provided by the present invention is described below. The new energy excavator described below and the power exchange structure described above can be referenced to each other.

[0049] A new energy excavator provided by the present invention may include a power exchange structure as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0050] The beneficial effects achieved by the new energy excavator provided by the present invention are consistent with the beneficial effects achieved by the battery replacement structure provided by the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

[0051] It should be noted that the above-mentioned new energy excavator can be a belt excavator, a wheeled excavator or other forms of excavators.

[0052] In the description provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0053] In addition, those skilled in the art will understand that, although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, the combination of features of different embodiments also means being within the scope of protection of the present invention and forming different embodiments. For example, in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can use them in combination according to the known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by this application.

[0054] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this patent can make some changes or modify the technical contents suggested above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking assembly, characterized in that: include: Base plate; A pair of vertical plates facing each other are fixed on the top surface of the bottom plate in a manner perpendicular to the bottom plate, and each of the two vertical plates is provided with a coaxially arranged reaming hole; The lock buckle is a Z-shaped plate structure as a whole, and the corner portion of the lower portion is located between the two vertical plates, and the lock buckle is hinged to the two vertical plates through the cooperation of the first pin assembly and the two reaming holes; A long strip of flexible component, one end of which is connected to the tail of the lock buckle, and the other end of which is vertically inserted into the through hole on the bottom plate; The elastic component is sleeved on the flexible component located between the lock buckle and the bottom plate. Pulling down the flexible component drives the lock buckle to rotate in the opposite direction to compress the elastic component, and the upper corner of the lock buckle rises to put the lock buckle in an unlocked state. When the external force of pulling down the flexible component is eliminated, the elastic component is reset and drives the lock buckle to rotate forward to a locked state.

2. A locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting plate is hinged at the rear of the lock, and the flexible component is connected to the mounting plate; The mounting plate is composed of a supporting plate and a pair of side plates vertically fixed thereon and facing each other, and the upper end surface of the elastic component abuts against the supporting plate; A coaxially arranged reaming hole is provided on each of the two side plates and the tail of the lock buckle, and the lock buckle is hinged to the two side plates through the cooperation of the second pin assembly and the three reaming holes; An earring is fixed to the central area of ​​the bottom surface of the support plate for connecting the flexible component.

3. A locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pin shaft assembly includes a T-shaped latch and a split pin. The T-shaped latch is inserted into the reaming holes of the two side plates and the lock buckle at the same time. The split pin is inserted into the T-shaped latch to axially limit the T-shaped latch.

4. A locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible component passing through the through hole on the bottom plate is divided into two parts, wherein the flexible component I of one part is connected to the power component, and the flexible component is pulled down by the movement of the power component, thereby driving the lock to rotate in the opposite direction; the flexible component II of the other part is led to a position that can be touched by hand as a safety device, and when the power component fails, the lock can be unlocked by pulling the flexible component by hand.

5. A locking assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power component is a hydraulic cylinder, and a fixed pulley is provided below the through hole on the bottom plate. The flexible component I is diverted from the vertical direction through the fixed pulley and then extends horizontally and is connected to the piston rod of the horizontally placed hydraulic cylinder.

6. A locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pin assembly includes a pin with a baffle on the end surface and a screw, the pin is inserted into the reaming holes of the two vertical plates and the lock buckle, and the baffle abuts against one of the vertical plates; The baffle is provided with a mounting hole, the vertical plate is provided with a threaded hole coaxially arranged with the mounting hole, and the screw passes through the mounting hole and is screwed into the threaded hole, thereby fixing the baffle on the vertical plate.

7. A locking assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the lock buckle is a "goose head" structure as a whole, and the mouth of the "goose head" structure is a gradient structure extending horizontally outward and being wider inside and narrower outside; The tail of the lock buckle is provided with a notch facing the elastic component, which is used to increase the reverse rotation path of the lock buckle.

8. A locking structure, characterized in that: Comprising two locking assemblies according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the two locking assemblies are arranged oppositely on a substrate; When the locking structure is in a locked state, the upper outer ends of the two lock buckles are butted together, thereby limiting the pre-locking component between the base and the two lock buckles; When the locking structure is in the unlocked state, the upper outer ends of the two lock buckles rise up and separate, so that the pre-locking component can be detached from the two lock buckles.

9. A locking structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The top surface of the upper extended area of ​​the two lock buckles is set to a convex arc surface, and the bottom surface of the pre-locking component is fixed with an angular component that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. The falling angular component squeezes the convex arc surfaces on both sides to spread the two lock buckles apart; when the locking component falls onto the base, the two lock buckles will be reset under the action of their respective elastic components, and the locking structure will achieve self-locking.

10. A battery replacement structure, characterized in that: Including base and frame; A plurality of locking structures according to claim 8 or 9 are installed on the base bracket to fix the frame on the base bracket.

11. A new energy excavator, characterized by: Including the battery replacement structure described in claim 10.

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