Monitoring system for migration of overlying strata in vertical borehole on ground and installation method of monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses an overlying strata migration monitoring system in a ground vertical borehole and an installation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of stope overlying strata migration monitoring. The system comprises a measuring pipe, a traction rope, a plurality of anchor flukes, a displacement sensor, a measuring line and a ground surface testing device, the measuring pipe is used for being inserted into the drill hole and comprises a first pipe and a plurality of second pipes, and the second pipes are provided with third connecting parts and are connected in sequence; the pulling rope is connected with the first pipe and used for pulling the measuring pipe in a drill hole, the anchor flukes are arranged on the second pipe in a sliding and sleeving mode and matched with the third connecting part in a stopping mode, the displacement sensors and the anchor flukes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the measuring line corresponds to the displacement sensors and is electrically connected with the displacement sensors and earth surface testing equipment. According to the overlying strata migration monitoring system in the ground vertical drill hole, simultaneous installation of a plurality of measuring points can be achieved, it is guaranteed that the lowering positions of the measuring points are controllable, and accurate monitoring of migration activity of an overlying strata key layer is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of overburden migration monitoring in a mining field, and in particular to an overburden migration monitoring system in a ground vertical borehole and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the mining process of underground resources such as coal, as the underground mining space increases, the range of fracture and migration of the overlying rock strata increases significantly, which will seriously affect the mining pressure in the mining area. In order to ensure the safety of mining operations, it is necessary to monitor the overlying rock activities in the entire vertical space above the mining area to provide data support for the study of the fracture and migration laws of the roof at different levels.

[0003] In the related art, a multi-point displacement monitoring system monitors the movement of rock strata by drilling holes on the ground and placing multiple measuring point sensors in the holes. However, during the installation process, only one measuring point can be lowered at a time. The lowering process is complicated and requires a lot of manpower, material resources and time. At the same time, when lowering the measuring points into the deep holes, there are problems such as multiple steel wire ropes entangled with each other and the measuring points are uncontrollable, which makes the displacement measurement data random and cannot realize accurate monitoring of the migration activities of multiple key layers of the overburden according to geological changes. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a system for monitoring the movement of overburden in a ground vertical borehole. The system can realize the simultaneous installation of multiple measuring points and ensure that the lowering positions of the measuring points are controllable, thereby ensuring accurate monitoring of the movement activities of the key overburden layers.

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for installing a system for monitoring overburden movement in a ground vertical borehole.

[0007] The overburden migration monitoring system in a ground vertical borehole according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0008] A measuring tube, the measuring tube is used to be inserted in a borehole and comprises a first tube and a plurality of second tubes connected in sequence, the end of the first tube is provided with a first connecting portion, the two ends of the second tube are respectively provided with a second connecting portion and a third connecting portion, the first connecting portion is detachably connected to the second connecting portion of the adjacent second tube, and the third connecting portion is detachably connected to the second connecting portion of the adjacent second tube;

[0009] A traction rope, one end of which is connected to the first tube and is used to pull the measuring tube in the borehole;

[0010] A plurality of anchor claws, wherein the anchor claws are slidably sleeved on the second tube and are stop-matched with the third connecting portion in the extending direction of the second tube;

[0011] A displacement sensor, a measuring line and a surface testing device, wherein the displacement sensor is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the anchor claw and is fixed to the anchor claw, the measuring line is arranged corresponding to the displacement sensor and is electrically connected to the displacement sensor, the other end of the measuring line is electrically connected to the surface testing device, and the surface testing device is used to receive information monitored by a plurality of the displacement sensors.

[0012] The overburden migration monitoring system in the ground vertical borehole of the embodiment of the present invention can realize the simultaneous installation of multiple measuring points and ensure that the lowering positions of the measuring points are controllable, thereby ensuring accurate monitoring of the migration activities of the key overburden layers.

[0013] In some embodiments, the fluke includes a first ring sleeve and a plurality of claw rods, wherein the plurality of claw rods are spaced apart circumferentially along the first ring sleeve and fixedly connected to the first ring sleeve, the claw rods extend radially along the first ring sleeve and are inclined, and the distance between the plurality of claw rods increases in a direction away from the first tube.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second tube is provided with a first limiting portion extending along the extension direction of the second tube, and the first ring sleeve is provided with a second limiting portion corresponding to the first limiting portion, and the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion are slidably matched in the extension direction of the second tube and are non-rotatably matched in the circumferential direction of the second tube.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first connection portion is a first internal threaded end, the second connection portion is an external threaded end for threaded connection with the first connection portion, and the third connection portion is a second internal threaded end for threaded connection with the second connection portion of the adjacent second tube.

[0016] In some embodiments, a guide section is provided at one end of the first tube away from the second tube, the guide section is a tapered tube, and a length of the tapered tube along an extension direction of the first tube is not less than a diameter of the first tube.

[0017] In some embodiments, a second ring is included, wherein the second ring is disposed at the end of the traction rope, the second ring is slidably disposed on the first tube and is stop-matched with the first connecting portion in the extension direction of the first tube.

[0018] The installation method of the ground vertical borehole overburden movement monitoring system of the embodiment of the present invention includes the ground vertical borehole overburden movement monitoring system of any of the above embodiments, and the installation method includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: Determine the ground drilling location, conduct drilling operations, and determine the location of the key overburden layer and the measurement point location;

[0020] S2: processing second tubes of different lengths and sizes according to the positions of the measuring points, and numbering the plurality of second tubes so that after the measuring tubes are installed in the boreholes, each measuring point corresponds to the third connecting portion on the second tube;

[0021] S3: installing an anchor claw on the second tube with the corresponding measuring point number, lowering the first tube in the borehole by means of a traction rope, and connecting the corresponding second tubes in sequence according to the numbers of the second tubes during the lowering of the traction rope until the multiple displacement sensors are lowered to the corresponding measuring points in the borehole;

[0022] S4: Filling and sealing the drilled hole with cement mortar;

[0023] S5: Connect the measuring line to the surface test equipment, install and fix the surface test equipment, debug and test the surface test equipment, and the installation is completed.

[0024] In some embodiments, in step S1, during the drilling process, cores are taken for geological logging. After drilling to a set depth, the drill rod is removed and the borehole is cleaned. The borehole is peeped and detected. Based on the core sampling analysis and the borehole peeping analysis results, the position of the key overburden layer and the measuring point positions to be monitored are determined.

[0025] In some embodiments, when coring for geological logging, each core is promptly sealed, and each section of core is numbered in sequence, and its depth and length are recorded. After coring is completed, it is uniformly sent to the laboratory for lithology analysis.

[0026] In some embodiments, in step S3, the fluke includes a first ring sleeve and a plurality of claw rods, wherein the plurality of claw rods are spaced circumferentially along the first ring sleeve and are radially inclined along the first ring sleeve, and when the fluke is installed, an end of the claw rod away from the first ring sleeve is located on a side of the first ring sleeve that is away from the first tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a system for monitoring overburden migration in a ground vertical borehole according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first tube in the ground vertical borehole overburden movement monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the second pipe and the anchor claw in the ground vertical borehole overburden movement monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor claw in the ground vertical borehole overburden movement monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] Measuring tube 1; first tube 11; first connecting portion 111; guide section 112; second tube 12; second connecting portion 121; third connecting portion 122; first limiting portion 123; traction rope 2; second ring sleeve 21; anchor claw 3; first ring sleeve 31; second limiting portion 311; claw rod 32; displacement sensor 4; measuring line 5; surface testing equipment 6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the ground vertical borehole overburden movement monitoring system of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a measuring tube 1, a traction rope 2, a plurality of anchor claws 3, a displacement sensor 4, a measuring line 5 and a surface testing device 6. The measuring tube 1 is used to be inserted into the borehole and comprises a first tube 11 and a plurality of second tubes 12 connected in sequence. The end of the first tube 11 is provided with a first connecting portion 111, and the two ends of the second tube 12 are respectively provided with a second connecting portion 121 and a third connecting portion 122. The first connecting portion 111 is detachably connected to the second connecting portion 121 of the adjacent second tube 12, and the third connecting portion 122 is detachably connected to the adjacent second tube 12. The second connecting portion 121 adjacent to the second tube 12 is detachably connected, one end of the traction rope 2 is connected to the first tube 11 and is used to pull the measuring tube 1 in the borehole, the anchor claw 3 is slidably sleeved on the second tube 12 and is stopped and matched with the third connecting portion 122 in the extension direction of the second tube 12, the displacement sensor 4 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the anchor claw 3 and is fixed to the anchor claw 3, the measuring line 5 is arranged corresponding to the displacement sensor 4 and is electrically connected to the displacement sensor 4, and the other end of the measuring line 5 is electrically connected to the surface testing equipment 6, and the surface testing equipment 6 is used to receive information monitored by multiple displacement sensors 4.

[0035] The working principle of the overburden movement monitoring system in a ground vertical borehole according to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: according to the measuring point position of the key layer, a plurality of second tubes 12 are numbered, the position of the second tube 12 where the anchor claw 3 and the displacement sensor 4 need to be installed is determined according to the measuring point, the anchor claw 3 is installed on the corresponding second tube 12, the first tube 11 is lowered into the borehole through the connection with the traction rope 2 through the lifting equipment, the second tube 12 is connected to the first tube 11 when the first tube 11 is at a set distance from the ground, the traction rope 2 at the bottom is fixed so that the top of part of the second tube 12 is at a set distance from the ground, the above steps are repeated, the measuring tube 1 is installed while the traction rope 2 is lowered according to the number of the second tube 12, and the anchor claw 3 and the displacement sensor 4 are installed on the second tube 12 with the corresponding measuring point number. The sensor 4 is used for lowering the measuring line 5 and pre-tightening the measuring line 5 during the process of lowering the traction rope 2. After the measuring tube 1 is installed in place, the borehole is sealed with cement mortar, the measuring line 5 is connected to the surface testing equipment 6, and the surface testing equipment 6 is installed and fixed. The surface testing equipment 6 is debugged and tested. After the installation is completed, when the corresponding rock formation moves, the displacement sensor 4 can transmit the monitored information to the surface monitoring equipment, and the position of the anchor claw 3 is limited through the third connecting part 122. In the process of lowering the traction rope 2, the fixed position of the displacement sensor 4 can be accurately controlled to ensure the monitoring accuracy of the key layer movement at the measuring point position, and the synchronous installation of the displacement sensors 4 of multiple measuring points can be realized through the measuring tube 1, which is convenient to operate.

[0036] The overburden migration monitoring system in the ground vertical borehole of the embodiment of the present invention can realize the simultaneous installation of multiple measuring points and ensure that the lowering positions of the measuring points are controllable, thereby ensuring accurate monitoring of the migration activities of the key overburden layers.

[0037] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the fluke 3 includes a first ring sleeve 31 and a plurality of claw rods 32. The plurality of claw rods 32 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first ring sleeve 31 and are fixedly connected to the first ring sleeve 31. The claw rods 32 extend radially along the first ring sleeve 31 and are arranged obliquely. The distance between the plurality of claw rods 32 increases in the direction away from the first tube 11.

[0038] By setting the anchor claw 3, when the measuring tube 1 is lowered by the traction rope 2, the anchor claw 3 can guide the measuring tube 1 to prevent the measuring tube 1 from tilting relative to the borehole, thereby affecting the installation of the displacement sensor 4 and causing deviation in the data measured by the displacement sensor 4 when the rock layer moves, which is safe and reliable.

[0039] Optionally, three or four claw rods 32 are provided and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the first ring sleeve 31 .

[0040] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the second tube 12 is provided with a first limiting portion 123 extending along the extension direction of the second tube 12, and the first ring sleeve 31 is provided with a second limiting portion 311 corresponding to the first limiting portion 123. The first limiting portion 123 and the second limiting portion 311 are slidably matched in the extension direction of the second tube 12 and are stopped in the circumferential direction of the second tube 12.

[0041] Specifically, the first limiting portion 123 is a slide groove, which is arranged on the outer side surface of the second tube 12 along the extension direction of the second tube 12, and the second limiting portion 311 is a slide bar, which is arranged on the inner wall of the first ring sleeve 31 along the extension direction of the first ring sleeve 31. When the first ring sleeve 31 is slidably sleeved on the second tube 12, the slide bar slides in the slide groove to achieve the anti-rotation fit between the first ring sleeve 31 and the second tube 12, which is convenient for installation and ensures that the anchor claw 3 moves along the extension direction of the second tube 12, avoiding rotation relative to the second tube 12, so that multiple measuring lines 5 are entangled in the borehole.

[0042] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first connection part 111 is a first internal threaded end, the second connection part 121 is an external threaded end for threaded connection with the first connection part 111 , and the third connection part 122 is a second internal threaded end for threaded connection with the second connection part 121 of the adjacent second pipe 12 .

[0043] The second internally threaded end is a columnar structure with an internally threaded groove, which is connected to the externally threaded end through the internally threaded groove. The diameter of the externally threaded end is smaller than the diameter of the first ring sleeve 31, and the outer diameter of the second internally threaded end is larger than the diameter of the first ring sleeve 31. The connection between the first tube 11 and the second tube 12 and between two adjacent second tubes 12 is achieved through threaded connection, which is convenient to operate, and the position of the first ring sleeve 31 is blocked by the second internally threaded end, which is convenient for controlling the installation position of the displacement sensor 4.

[0044] Optionally, the first internal threaded end and the second internal threaded end have the same structure and corresponding sizes.

[0045] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, a guide section 112 is provided at one end of the first tube 11 away from the second tube 12. The guide section 112 is a tapered tube, and the length of the tapered tube along the extension direction of the first tube 11 is not less than the diameter of the first tube 11. The tapered guide section 112 is provided to facilitate lowering of the first tube 11, thereby ensuring the installation accuracy of the measuring tube 1.

[0046] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it includes a second ring sleeve 21, which is arranged at the end of the traction rope 2. The second ring sleeve 21 is slidably arranged on the first tube 11 and is blocked and cooperated with the first connecting part 111 in the extension direction of the first tube 11. The traction rope 2 and the first tube 11 are connected together through the second ring sleeve 21. The operation is convenient, and the connection strength between the traction rope 2 and the first tube 11 is effectively improved. It is safe and reliable.

[0047] The following describes an installation method of a system for monitoring overburden movement in a ground vertical borehole according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] The installation method of the ground vertical borehole overburden movement monitoring system of the embodiment of the present invention includes the ground vertical borehole overburden movement monitoring system of any of the above embodiments, and the installation method includes the following steps:

[0049] S1: Determine the ground drilling position, conduct drilling operations, determine the position of the overburden key layer and the position of the measuring point, set the number of measuring points according to the number of overburden key layers, and set at least one measuring point in each overburden key layer;

[0050] S2: processing the second tubes 12 of different lengths according to the positions of the measuring points, and numbering the plurality of second tubes 12, so that after the measuring tube 1 is installed in the borehole, each measuring point corresponds to the third connecting portion 122 on the second tube 12;

[0051] S3: Connect the traction rope 2 to the first tube 11 through the second ring sleeve 21. Under the blocking effect of the first connecting portion 111, the traction rope 2 lowers the first tube 11 in the borehole and ensures the connection between the first tube 11 and the traction rope 2; make the first connecting portion 111 protrude 1m above the ground, fix the first tube 11, and thread the second tube 12 on the first tube 11. After the second tube 12 and the first tube 11 are tightened, continue to lower the traction rope 2; repeat the above steps, connect the corresponding second tubes 12 in sequence according to the numbers of the second tubes 12 during the process of lowering the traction rope 2, and install the anchor claws 3 on the second tubes 12 with the corresponding measuring point numbers, until multiple displacement sensors 4 are lowered to the corresponding measuring point positions in the borehole;

[0052] S4: Filling and sealing the drilled hole with cement mortar;

[0053] S5: Connect the measuring line 5 to the surface test equipment 6, install and fix the surface test equipment 6, debug and test the surface test equipment 6, and the installation is completed.

[0054] The installation method of the overburden movement monitoring system in the ground vertical borehole of the embodiment of the present invention sets the installation site on the ground with a wide space, thereby reducing the construction difficulty and reducing the interference with the normal operation underground. By determining the key overburden layer and the measuring point, and accurately installing the displacement sensor 4 through the second measuring tube 1, it can be ensured that the installed displacement sensor 4 corresponds to the measuring point one by one, and the operation is convenient, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy and reliability.

[0055] In some embodiments, in step S1, during the drilling process, cores are taken for geological logging. After drilling to a set depth, the drill rod is removed, and water is pumped into the borehole using a water pump to form a circulating flow, and drill powder or cuttings are carried out of the hole to achieve a cleaning operation of the borehole. The borehole is imaged in three dimensions using an intelligent borehole television imager, and the imaging results are geologically analyzed to achieve a peek detection of the borehole. Based on the core sampling analysis and the borehole peek analysis results, the position of the key overburden layer and the measuring point position to be monitored are determined, and by performing lithology analysis on the core material and peek analysis on the borehole, the accuracy of the key layer information is ensured, and the reliability of the measuring point selection is ensured.

[0056] In some embodiments, when coring for geological logging, each core taken out can be promptly sealed with plastic wrap to reduce the volatilization of water and avoid distortion of the core composition. Each section of core taken out is numbered in sequence and its depth and length are recorded. After the coring is completed, they are sent to the laboratory for lithology analysis to determine the confidence of each rock layer and then determine the location of the key overburden layer.

[0057] In some embodiments, in step S3, the fluke 3 includes a first ring sleeve 31 and a plurality of claw rods 32, wherein the plurality of claw rods 32 are circumferentially spaced apart along the first ring sleeve 31 and radially inclined along the first ring sleeve 31. When the fluke 3 is installed, an end of the claw rod 32 away from the first ring sleeve 31 is located on a side of the first ring sleeve 31 away from the first tube 11. By limiting the inclination direction of the claw rod 32, the lowering of the measuring tube 1 in the borehole is facilitated, and the guiding effect of the fluke 3 on the measuring tube 1 is ensured.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0059] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0060] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0061] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0062] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0063] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ground vertical borehole overburden migration monitoring system, characterized in that: include: A measuring tube, the measuring tube is used to be inserted in a borehole and comprises a first tube and a plurality of second tubes connected in sequence, the end of the first tube is provided with a first connecting portion, the two ends of the second tube are respectively provided with a second connecting portion and a third connecting portion, the first connecting portion is detachably connected to the second connecting portion of the adjacent second tube, and the third connecting portion is detachably connected to the second connecting portion of the adjacent second tube; A traction rope, one end of which is connected to the first tube and is used to pull the measuring tube in the borehole; A plurality of anchor claws, wherein the anchor claws are slidably sleeved on the second tube and are stop-matched with the third connecting portion in the extending direction of the second tube; A displacement sensor, a measuring line and a surface testing device, wherein the displacement sensor is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the anchor claw and is fixed to the anchor claw, the measuring line is arranged corresponding to the displacement sensor and is electrically connected to the displacement sensor, the other end of the measuring line is electrically connected to the surface testing device, and the surface testing device is used to receive information monitored by a plurality of the displacement sensors.

2. The system for monitoring overburden migration in a vertical borehole on the ground according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluke includes a first ring sleeve and a plurality of claw rods, wherein the plurality of claw rods are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first ring sleeve and are fixedly connected to the first ring sleeve, the claw rods extend radially along the first ring sleeve and are arranged obliquely, and the distance between the plurality of claw rods increases in a direction away from the first tube.

3. The system for monitoring overburden migration in a vertical borehole on the ground according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second tube is provided with a first limiting portion extending along the extension direction of the second tube, and the first ring sleeve is provided with a second limiting portion corresponding to the first limiting portion. The first limiting portion and the second limiting portion are slidably matched in the extension direction of the second tube and are non-rotatably matched in the circumferential direction of the second tube.

4. The system for monitoring overburden migration in a vertical borehole on the ground according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connection part is a first internal threaded end, the second connection part is an external threaded end for threaded connection with the first connection part, and the third connection part is a second internal threaded end for threaded connection with the second connection part of the adjacent second pipe.

5. The system for monitoring overburden movement in a vertical borehole on the ground according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide section is provided at one end of the first tube away from the second tube. The guide section is a tapered tube, and a length of the tapered tube along an extending direction of the first tube is not less than a diameter of the first tube.

6. The system for monitoring overburden migration in a vertical borehole on the ground according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a second ring sleeve, wherein the second ring sleeve is arranged at the end of the traction rope, the second ring sleeve is slidably arranged on the first tube and is blocked and matched with the first connecting part in the extension direction of the first tube.

7. A method for installing a ground vertical borehole overburden movement monitoring system, characterized in that: Based on the ground vertical borehole overburden migration monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the installation method comprises the following steps: S1: Determine the ground drilling location, conduct drilling operations, and determine the location of the key overburden layer and the measurement point location; S2: processing second tubes of different lengths and sizes according to the positions of the measuring points, and numbering the plurality of second tubes so that after the measuring tubes are installed in the boreholes, each measuring point corresponds to the third connecting portion on the second tube; S3: installing an anchor claw on the second tube with the corresponding measuring point number, lowering the first tube in the borehole by means of a traction rope, and connecting the corresponding second tubes in sequence according to the numbers of the second tubes during the lowering of the traction rope until the multiple displacement sensors are lowered to the corresponding measuring points in the borehole; S4: Filling and sealing the drilled hole with cement mortar; S5: Connect the measuring line to the surface test equipment, install and fix the surface test equipment, debug and test the surface test equipment, and the installation is completed.

8. The method for installing the overburden movement monitoring system in a ground vertical borehole according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, during the drilling process, cores are taken for geological logging. After drilling to the set depth, the drill rod is removed and the borehole is cleaned. The borehole is probed and the position of the key overburden layer and the measuring point to be monitored are determined based on the core sampling analysis and the borehole peeking analysis results.

9. The method for installing the overburden movement monitoring system in a ground vertical borehole according to claim 8, characterized in that: When coring for geological logging, each core is sealed in time, and each section of core is numbered in sequence, with its depth and length recorded. After coring is completed, it is sent to the laboratory for lithology analysis.

10. The method for installing the overburden movement monitoring system in a ground vertical borehole according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the fluke includes a first ring sleeve and a plurality of claw rods, wherein the plurality of claw rods are spaced circumferentially along the first ring sleeve and are arranged radially and tilted along the first ring sleeve. When the fluke is installed, an end of the claw rod away from the first ring sleeve is located on a side of the first ring sleeve that is away from the first tube.

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