A directional steering device and drilling tool for coiled tubing drilling

Abstract

This invention relates to a directional steering device and drill string for coiled tubing drilling. The directional steering device includes a drill pipe, an upper motor rotor, an upper flexible shaft, and a flow channel switching mechanism. The drill pipe is vertically arranged, with both its upper and lower ends open. The upper motor rotor is vertically rotatably installed inside the drill pipe, and is hollow inside, with its upper end open and its lower end closed. The side wall of the upper motor rotor has drilling fluid holes that penetrate both internally and externally. The upper flexible shaft is vertically installed inside the drill pipe, located below the upper motor rotor, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper motor rotor. The flow channel switching mechanism is installed inside the drill pipe, located above the upper motor rotor, and is used to seal or open the upper opening of the upper motor rotor. The advantages of this invention are its simple structure and reasonable design, allowing for real-time monitoring and adjustment of the tool face where the drill string assembly is located downhole, reducing the number of times the drill string needs to be pulled up during coiled tubing drilling, and improving drilling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploration drilling equipment technology, specifically to a directional steering device and drilling tool for coiled tubing drilling. Background Technology

[0002] The development and application of coiled tubing drilling technology began in the 1990s and still has significant research and development value. In the trend of information technology in drilling equipment, the characteristic of coiled tubing that eliminates the need for individual connection points during drilling naturally provides a foundation for information technology upgrades. During coiled tubing drilling, a steering mechanism inside the tubing drives the bottom hole assembly to rotate, thereby achieving the desired orientation. This saves time adjusting the drill string and improves exploration and production efficiency.

[0003] Coiled tubing drilling technology boasts advantages such as low cost, high efficiency, and strong safety and reliability, and has been widely applied abroad in recent years, achieving significant economic benefits. The size of the coiled tubing has increased from 60.3 mm in the early 1990s to 88.9 mm. Between 1995 and 1997, at least 1360 wells were drilled, and its application in directional and horizontal wells is also increasing. The United States and Canada are the two most active countries in coiled tubing drilling, accounting for about 80% of the world's total coiled tubing drilling, with France and the Netherlands also having significant applications. Currently, some of the world's largest oilfield service companies are also conducting or participating in coiled tubing drilling operations, with companies like Halliburton and Baker Hughes holding a dominant position. However, coiled tubing drilling technology in China started relatively late, and there are currently no mature field applications of coiled tubing drilling, limited primarily to well workover operations. Unlike conventional rotary drilling, the non-rotating nature of coiled tubing necessitates the use of specialized downhole tools to achieve the drilling process, which is one of the main reasons restricting the development of coiled tubing drilling in China. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a directional steering device and drilling tool for coiled tubing drilling, aiming to solve the problem of cumbersome coiled tubing orientation in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A directional steering device for coiled tubing drilling includes a drill pipe, an upper motor rotor, an upper flexible shaft, and a flow channel switching mechanism. The drill pipe is vertically arranged, with both its upper and lower ends open. The upper motor rotor is vertically rotatably installed inside the drill pipe, and its interior is hollow, with its upper end open and its lower end closed. The side wall of the upper motor rotor is provided with drilling fluid holes that penetrate both inside and outside. The upper flexible shaft is vertically installed inside the drill pipe, located below the upper motor rotor, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper motor rotor.

[0007] The flow channel switching mechanism is installed inside the drill pipe, located above the upper motor rotor, and is used to seal or open the upper opening of the upper motor rotor.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: During operation, when it is necessary to change the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located, the flow channel switching mechanism seals the upper opening of the upper motor rotor. The drilling fluid in the drill pipe flows in the area between the drill pipe and the upper motor rotor. At this time, there is a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor. This pressure difference drives the upper motor rotor to rotate in order to adjust the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located.

[0009] During normal drilling operations, the flow channel switching mechanism opens the upper end of the upper motor rotor. Part of the drilling fluid in the drill pipe flows in the area between the drill pipe and the upper motor rotor, while the other part enters the interior of the upper motor rotor and is discharged from the drilling fluid hole on the side wall of the upper motor rotor. At this time, there is no pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor, so the upper motor rotor does not rotate, and drilling operations can be carried out.

[0010] This invention has a simple structure and reasonable design. It can monitor and adjust the angle of the tool face where the drill string assembly is located in real time downhole, reduce the number of times the drill string needs to be pulled up during coiled tubing drilling, and improve drilling efficiency.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0012] Furthermore, the flow channel switching mechanism includes a driving component, a slide rail, and a locking pin. The slide rail is vertically fixedly installed inside the drill rod. It is hollow inside and open at both ends. The slide rail is located above the upper motor rotor. Its lower end is fixedly connected to and communicates with the upper end of the upper motor rotor, and it is provided with at least one flow channel branch hole.

[0013] The locking pin is vertically installed inside the slide rail and threadedly connected to the inner wall of the slide rail. It has a structure that is thicker at the bottom and thinner at the top. The driving component is installed inside the slide rail, located above the locking pin, and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the locking pin. It is used to drive the locking pin to rotate. The locking pin moves up and down inside the slide rail by means of its threaded connection with the slide rail to seal or open the flow channel branch hole.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that during the operation, when it is necessary to change the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located, the drive component is closed and the thick end of the locking column seals the upper opening of the upper motor rotor. The drilling fluid in the drill pipe flows in the area between the drill pipe and the upper motor rotor. At this time, there is a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor. This pressure difference drives the upper motor rotor to rotate in order to adjust the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located.

[0015] During normal drilling operations, the drive unit starts and drives the locking pin to rotate. The locking pin moves up and down within the slide rail using its threaded connection with the slide rail, so that the thick end of the locking pin opens the flow channel branch hole. At this time, part of the drilling fluid in the drill pipe flows in the area between the drill pipe and the upper motor rotor, and the other part of the drilling fluid enters the interior of the upper motor rotor. At this time, there is no pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor, so the upper motor rotor does not rotate, and drilling operations can be carried out.

[0016] In addition, the above-mentioned locking column has a reasonable structural design and can effectively cooperate with the slide rail to open or close the flow channel branch hole, so as to switch the path of drilling fluid and thus adjust the working face of the drill bit.

[0017] Furthermore, the slide rail has a structure that is thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom. The driving member is located inside the thick end of the slide rail, the locking pin is located inside the thin end of the slide rail, and the flow channel branch hole is located on the thin end of the slide rail.

[0018] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are that the slide rail has a reasonable structural design, facilitates the installation of drive components and locking pins, and they do not interfere with each other.

[0019] Furthermore, the driving component includes a turbine motor, and the thick end face of the slide rail is provided with at least one through-hole.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the drilling fluid in the drill pipe drives the turbine motor to rotate, thereby realizing the corresponding operation; in addition, the drilling fluid in the slide rail can be discharged through the drainage hole to ensure the normal operation of the turbine motor.

[0021] Furthermore, a large gear ring is installed inside the drill rod, the large gear ring is located outside the upper motor rotor, and is rotatably connected to the drill rod through a bearing; a rotor gear is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the upper motor rotor, the rotor gear is located inside the large gear ring and meshes with the large gear ring; a gap is provided between the rotor gear and the large gear ring for mud to pass through.

[0022] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are that the structure is simple and the design is reasonable, and the directional rotation of the upper motor rotor is achieved by utilizing the meshing force between the large gear ring and the rotor gear.

[0023] Furthermore, a real-time angle measuring mechanism is also installed inside the drill rod. The real-time angle measuring mechanism includes a magnet assembly and a measuring element. The magnet assembly is fixedly installed on the large gear ring, and the measuring element is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill rod. It is used to measure the rotation angle of the magnetic field formed by the magnet assembly and send the corresponding rotation angle signal to the ground controller.

[0024] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that during the adjustment of the working face of the drill bit, the rotation angle of the magnetic field formed by the magnet assembly (i.e., the rotation angle of the large gear ring) is measured by the measuring element, and the corresponding rotation angle signal is sent to the ground controller. The angle variable of the tool face where the drill bit assembly is located is calculated according to the transmission ratio of the gear pair, so as to realize real-time measurement and make the measurement convenient.

[0025] Furthermore, a corner locking mechanism is also installed inside the drill rod, which is used to lock or release the upper motor rotor.

[0026] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are that the structure is simple and the design is reasonable. The upper motor rotor is locked or released by the angle locking mechanism, which makes positioning convenient and ensures that the drill bit working face is kept at the set angle, thereby ensuring the quality of drilling.

[0027] Furthermore, the corner locking mechanism includes an upper ratchet and a lower ratchet. The lower ratchet is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the upper flexible shaft, and the upper ratchet is sleeved on the upper motor rotor. It is located between the large gear ring and the lower ratchet, and is connected to the locking pin through a connector. The end of the large gear ring near the upper ratchet has a toothed structure, and the upper ratchet can move together with the locking pin to engage with one end face of the large gear ring or the lower ratchet.

[0028] The beneficial effect of the further solution is that during the sliding process of the locking pin in the slide rail, the upper ratchet engages with one end face of the large gear ring or the lower ratchet to achieve the positioning of the locking pin in the set position. The positioning is convenient, the structure is simple, and the design is reasonable.

[0029] Furthermore, the connector includes a frame, with two eccentric rings coaxially fixedly connected to both ends of the frame. The two eccentric rings are respectively sleeved on the slide rail and the upper motor rotor and slidably connected. The upper end of the frame is provided with a locking block, and the locking post is provided with a positioning groove. The locking block extends through the flow channel branch hole into the slide rail and engages with the positioning groove. The upper ratchet is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the frame.

[0030] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are that the structure is simple and the design is reasonable. The two eccentric rings on the skeleton make the upper motor rotor and the drill rod eccentrically set, which makes it convenient to adjust the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located. In addition, the positioning groove on the locking block and the locking pin can realize the transmission connection between the upper ratchet and the locking pin. The connection is convenient and the various components do not affect each other.

[0031] The present invention also relates to a drilling tool, comprising a lower motor rotor, a lower flexure shaft, a drill bit, and a directional steering device for coiled tubing drilling as described above. The lower motor rotor is vertically rotatably mounted inside the drill pipe, located below the upper flexure shaft. The lower flexure shaft is vertically mounted inside the drill pipe, located below the lower motor rotor, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower motor rotor. The drill bit is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the lower flexure shaft.

[0032] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that during the operation, when it is necessary to change the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located, the drive component is closed and the thick end of the locking column seals the upper opening of the upper motor rotor. The drilling fluid in the drill pipe flows in the area between the drill pipe and the upper motor rotor. At this time, there is a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor. This pressure difference drives the upper motor rotor to rotate in order to adjust the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located.

[0033] During normal drilling operations, the drive unit starts and drives the locking pin to rotate. The locking pin moves up and down within the slide rail via its threaded connection with the slide rail, causing the branch hole of the coarse end of the locking pin to open. At this time, part of the drilling fluid in the drill pipe flows in the area between the drill pipe and the upper motor rotor, while the other part of the drilling fluid enters the interior of the upper motor rotor. Since there is no pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor, the upper motor rotor does not rotate, and drilling operations can be carried out. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the slide rail in this invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the slide rail structure in this invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the slide rail in this invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turbine motor and the locking pin in this invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the skeleton in this invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the skeleton in this invention.

[0042] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0043] 1. Drill pipe; 2. Upper motor rotor; 3. Upper flexible shaft; 4. Drilling fluid hole; 5. Slide rail; 6. Locking pin; 7. Flow channel branch hole; 8. Turbine motor; 9. Drain hole; 10. Large gear ring; 11. Bearing; 12. Rotor gear; 13. Gap; 14. Upper ratchet; 15. Lower ratchet; 16. Frame; 17. Locking block; 18. Positioning groove; 19. Lower motor rotor; 20. Lower flexible shaft; 21. Eccentric ring; 22. Magnet; 23. Hall ring. Detailed Implementation

[0044] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, this embodiment provides a directional steering device for coiled tubing drilling, including a drill pipe 1, an upper motor rotor 2, an upper flexible shaft 3, and a flow channel switching mechanism. The drill pipe 1 is vertically arranged, with both its upper and lower ends open. The upper motor rotor 2 is vertically rotatably installed inside the drill pipe 1, and its interior is hollow, with its upper end open and its lower end closed. The side wall of the upper motor rotor 2 is provided with drilling fluid holes 4 that penetrate both inside and outside. The upper flexible shaft 3 is vertically installed inside the drill pipe 1, located below the upper motor rotor 2, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper motor rotor 2.

[0050] The flow channel switching mechanism is installed inside the drill rod 1, located above the upper motor rotor 2, and is used to seal or open the upper opening of the upper motor rotor 2.

[0051] During operation, when normal drilling is being carried out, the flow channel switching mechanism opens the upper end of the upper motor rotor 2. Part of the drilling fluid in the drill pipe 1 flows in the area between the drill pipe and the upper motor rotor 2, while the other part of the drilling fluid enters the interior of the upper motor rotor 2 and is discharged from the drilling fluid hole 4 on the side wall of the upper motor rotor 2. At this time, there is no pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor 2, so the upper motor rotor 2 does not rotate, and drilling can be carried out at this time.

[0052] The design of the drilling fluid hole 4 ensures that the drilling fluid entering the upper motor rotor 2 can be smoothly discharged, ensuring effective adjustment of the drill bit tool face.

[0053] When it is necessary to change the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located, the flow channel switching mechanism seals the upper opening of the upper motor rotor 2. The drilling fluid in the drill pipe 1 flows in the area between the drill pipe 1 and the upper motor rotor 2. At this time, there is a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor 2. This pressure difference drives the upper motor rotor 2 to rotate in order to adjust the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located.

[0054] Preferably, in this embodiment, the drill rod 1 is a circular tube.

[0055] It should be noted that the connection method between the upper motor rotor 2 and the drill rod 1 uses existing technology.

[0056] This embodiment has a simple structure and reasonable design. It can monitor and adjust the angle of the tool face of the drill string assembly in real time downhole, reduce the number of times the drill string needs to be pulled up during coiled tubing drilling, and improve drilling efficiency.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the flow channel switching mechanism includes a driving component, a slide rail 5 and a locking pin 6. The slide rail 5 is vertically fixedly installed inside the drill rod 1. It is hollow inside and open at both ends. The slide rail 5 is located above the upper motor rotor 2. Its lower end is fixedly connected to and communicates with the upper end of the upper motor rotor 2. It is provided with at least one flow channel branch hole 7.

[0059] The locking pin 6 is vertically installed inside the slide rail 5 and threadedly connected to the inner wall of the slide rail 5. It has a structure that is thicker at the bottom and thinner at the top. The driving member is installed inside the slide rail 5, located above the locking pin 6, and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the locking pin 6. It is used to drive the locking pin 6 to rotate. The locking pin 6 uses its threaded connection with the slide rail 5 to move up and down inside the slide rail 5 to seal or open the flow channel branch hole 7.

[0060] During operation, when normal drilling is being carried out, the drive unit starts and drives the locking pin 6 to rotate. The locking pin 6 moves up and down within the slide rail 5 through the threaded connection between it and the slide rail 5, so that the thick end of the locking pin 6 opens the flow channel branch hole 7. At this time, part of the drilling fluid in the drill pipe 1 flows in the area between the drill pipe 1 and the upper motor rotor 2, and the other part of the drilling fluid enters the interior of the upper motor rotor 2. At this time, there is no pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor 2, so the upper motor rotor 2 does not rotate, and drilling can be carried out at this time.

[0061] When it is necessary to change the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located, the drive unit is closed and the thick end of the locking column 6 seals the upper opening of the upper motor rotor 2. The drilling fluid in the drill pipe 1 flows in the area between the drill pipe 1 and the upper motor rotor 2. At this time, there is a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor 2. This pressure difference drives the upper motor rotor 2 to rotate in order to adjust the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located.

[0062] In addition, the locking pin 6 has a reasonable structural design and can effectively cooperate with the slide rail 5 to open or close the flow channel branch hole 7, so as to switch the path of the drilling fluid and thus adjust the working face of the drill bit.

[0063] Preferably, in this embodiment, the slide rail 5 has a cylindrical structure.

[0064] Preferably, in this embodiment, the number of drilling fluid holes 4 can be one or more. When the number of drilling fluid holes 4 is multiple, they are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumference of the slide rail 5 at the lower end of the slide rail 5.

[0065] Preferably, in this embodiment, the locking post 6 has a cylindrical structure.

[0066] Preferably, in this embodiment, the number of the above-mentioned flow channel branch holes 7 is preferably multiple, and the multiple flow channel branch holes 7 are evenly distributed at intervals along the circumference of the slide rail 5.

[0067] Furthermore, the multiple flow channel branch holes 7 are preferably elongated holes, which extend along the axial direction of the slide rail 5.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] Based on Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the slide rail 5 has a structure that is thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom. The driving member is located inside the thick end of the slide rail 5, the locking pin 6 is located inside the thin end of the slide rail 5, and the flow channel branch hole 7 is located on the thin end of the slide rail 5.

[0070] The above-mentioned slide rail has a reasonable structural design, which facilitates the installation of the drive components and locking pins 6, and they do not interfere with each other.

[0071] Alternatively, the slide rail 5 mentioned above can also adopt a structure with a consistent diameter.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] Based on embodiment 3, in this embodiment, the driving component includes a turbine motor 8, and the rough end face of the slide rail 5 is provided with at least one through-hole 9.

[0074] The drilling fluid in the drill pipe 1 drives the turbine motor 8 to rotate, thus performing the corresponding operation. In addition, the drilling fluid in the slide rail 5 can be drained through the drain hole 9 to ensure the normal operation of the turbine motor 8.

[0075] Preferably, in this embodiment, the number of drainage holes 9 is multiple, and the multiple drainage holes 9 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the slide rail 5.

[0076] Example 5

[0077] Based on any one of Embodiments 2 to 4, in this embodiment, a large gear ring 10 is installed inside the drill rod 1. The large gear ring 10 is located outside the upper motor rotor 2 and is rotatably connected to the drill rod 1 through a bearing 11. A rotor gear 12 is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the upper motor rotor 2. The rotor gear 12 is located inside the large gear ring 10 and meshes with the large gear ring 10. A gap 13 for mud to pass through is provided between the rotor gear 12 and the large gear ring 10.

[0078] The scheme has a simple structure and reasonable design. It utilizes the meshing force between the large gear ring 10 and the rotor gear 12 to achieve the directional rotation of the upper motor rotor 2.

[0079] Example 6

[0080] Based on Embodiment 5, in this embodiment, a real-time angle measuring mechanism is also installed inside the drill rod 1. The real-time angle measuring mechanism includes a magnet assembly and a measuring element. The magnet assembly is fixedly installed on the large gear ring 10, and the measuring element is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill rod 1. It is used to measure the rotation angle of the magnetic field formed by the magnet assembly and send the corresponding rotation angle signal to the ground controller.

[0081] During the adjustment of the drill bit's working face, the rotation angle of the magnetic field formed by the magnet assembly is measured by a measuring element, which is the rotation angle of the drill bit. The corresponding rotation angle signal is then sent to the ground controller to achieve real-time measurement, which is convenient.

[0082] Preferably, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned magnet group preferably has multiple magnets 22, and multiple mounting slots are evenly spaced along the circumference of the outer side of the large gear ring 10, and the multiple magnets 22 are respectively mounted in the multiple mounting slots, saving space.

[0083] In addition, the aforementioned measuring element includes multiple Hall rings 23, which are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill pipe 1 at uniform intervals along its circumference, each corresponding to one of the multiple magnets. During operation, the multiple Hall rings 23 measure the rotation angle of the magnetic field formed by the magnet group, i.e., the rotation angle of the drill bit, and send the corresponding rotation angle signal to the ground controller through the line, realizing real-time measurement and making the measurement convenient.

[0084] Moreover, the aforementioned multiple Hall rings 23 are respectively connected to the ground controller via lines.

[0085] Example 7

[0086] Based on any one of Embodiments 5 to 6, in this embodiment, a corner locking mechanism is also installed inside the drill rod 1, which is used to lock or release the upper motor rotor 2.

[0087] The scheme has a simple structure and reasonable design. The upper motor rotor 2 is locked or released by the angle locking mechanism, which makes positioning convenient and ensures that the drill bit working face is kept at the set angle, thereby ensuring the quality of drilling.

[0088] Example 8

[0089] Based on Embodiment 7, in this embodiment, the corner locking mechanism includes an upper ratchet 14 and a lower ratchet 15. The lower ratchet 15 is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the upper flexible shaft 3, and the upper ratchet 14 is sleeved on the upper motor rotor 2. It is located between the large gear ring 10 and the lower ratchet 15, and it is connected to the locking pin 6 through a connector. The end of the large gear ring 10 near the upper ratchet 14 has a toothed structure, and the upper ratchet 14 can move together with the locking pin 6 to engage with one end face of the large gear ring 10 or the lower ratchet 15.

[0090] During the sliding process of the locking pin 6 within the slide rail, the upper ratchet 14 engages with one end face of the large gear ring 10 or the lower ratchet 15 to achieve the positioning of the locking pin 6 at the set position. The positioning is convenient, the structure is simple, and the design is reasonable.

[0091] Example 9

[0092] Based on embodiment 8, in this embodiment, the connector includes a frame 16, with two eccentric rings 21 coaxially fixedly connected to both ends of the frame 16. The two eccentric rings 21 are respectively sleeved on the slide rail 5 and the upper motor rotor 2 and slidably connected. The upper end of the frame 16 is provided with a locking block 17, and the upper locking post 6 is provided with a positioning groove 18. The locking block 17 extends through the flow channel branch hole 7 into the slide rail 5 and engages with the positioning groove 18. The upper ratchet 14 is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the frame 16.

[0093] The scheme has a simple structure and reasonable design. The two eccentric rings 21 on the frame 16 make the upper motor rotor 2 and the drill rod 1 eccentrically set, which makes it easy to adjust the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located. In addition, the upper ratchet 14 and the locking pin 6 can be connected by the positioning groove 18 on the locking pin and the locking block 17. The connection is convenient and the components do not affect each other.

[0094] It should be noted that the aforementioned skeleton 16 is located outside the slide rail 5, not inside the slide rail 5. The attached diagram only shows the relative position of the skeleton 16.

[0095] Example 10

[0096] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment also provides a drilling tool, including a lower motor rotor 19, a lower flexure shaft 20, a drill bit, and a directional steering device for coiled tubing drilling as described above. The lower motor rotor 19 is vertically rotatably installed inside the drill pipe 1, located below the upper flexure shaft 3; the lower flexure shaft 20 is vertically installed inside the drill pipe 1, located below the lower motor rotor 19, and its upper end is fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower motor rotor 19; the drill bit is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lower flexure shaft 20.

[0097] During operation, when normal drilling is being performed, the drive unit starts and drives the locking pin 6 to rotate. The locking pin 6 moves up and down within the slide rail 5 through its threaded connection with the slide rail 5, so that the thick end of the locking pin 6 opens the flow channel branch hole. At this time, part of the drilling fluid in the drill pipe 1 flows in the area between the drill pipe 1 and the upper motor rotor 2, and the other part of the drilling fluid enters the interior of the upper motor rotor 2. At this time, there is no pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor 2, so the upper motor rotor 2 does not rotate. At this time, the lower motor rotor 19 and the lower flexible shaft 20 rotate and drive the drill bit to rotate to perform drilling operations.

[0098] When it is necessary to change the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located, the drive unit is closed and the thick end of the locking column 6 seals the upper opening of the upper motor rotor 2. The drilling fluid in the drill pipe 1 flows in the area between the drill pipe 1 and the upper motor rotor 2. At this time, there is a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor 2. This pressure difference drives the upper motor rotor 2 to rotate in order to adjust the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located. After the adjustment is completed, the above drilling operation continues.

[0099] Based on the above scheme, the drill rod 1 is composed of a long drill rod at the top and a curved drill rod at the bottom. The upper motor rotor 2 and the upper flexible shaft 3 are located inside the long drill rod, the lower motor rotor 19 is located inside the lower end of the long drill rod, and the upper end of the lower flexible shaft 20 extends to the lower end of the long drill rod, and its lower end bends synchronously with the curved drill rod.

[0100] In addition, the lower motor rotor 19 mentioned above is a solid structure.

[0101] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0102] During normal drilling operations, the drive unit starts and drives the locking pin 6 to rotate. The locking pin 6 moves up and down within the slide rail 5 via its threaded connection with the slide rail 5, opening the branch hole of the flow channel at the coarse end of the locking pin 6. At this time, the drilling fluid in the drill pipe 1 enters the interior of the upper motor rotor 2. There is no pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor 2, and the upper motor rotor 2 does not rotate. At this time, the lower motor rotor 19 and the lower deflector 20 rotate and drive the drill bit to rotate, so as to carry out drilling operations (see Appendix). Figure 2 Route A in the middle;

[0103] When it is necessary to change the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located, the drive unit is closed and the thick end of the locking pin 6 seals the upper opening of the upper motor rotor 2. The drilling fluid in the drill pipe 1 flows in the area between the drill pipe 1 and the upper motor rotor 2. At this time, there is a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the upper motor rotor 2. This pressure difference drives the upper motor rotor 2 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle of the tool face where the drill bit is located. After the adjustment is completed, the above drilling operation continues (see Appendix). Figure 2 Route B in the middle.

[0104] Furthermore, since the present invention allows the drill bit to rotate freely in one direction, in addition to adjusting the attitude during drilling, composite drilling can also be achieved using the continuous tubing of the present invention.

[0105] It should be noted that the arrows in the attached diagram only indicate the flow path of the drilling fluid (Route A and Route B) and have no other substantial meaning.

[0106] The steering mechanism provided by this invention is located at the lower end of the screw drill bit, and one of its functions is to drive the lower screw drill bit assembly to rotate as a whole. When stable drilling is required, the connected screw drill bit housing needs to be locked at a fixed angle. To overcome the counter-torque of the lower screw drill bit, the locking mechanism needs to have a certain torsional resistance to ensure the stability of the locked tool face. Because the internal rotor cannot rotate after the steering mechanism is locked, but the mud must flow, a hollow liquid flow channel is also required after locking to prevent excessive pressure drop on the rotor from causing it to fail to stop.

[0107] Another function of the steering mechanism is to drive the entire screw drill string connected to its lower end to rotate. This requires an unlocking mechanism and a flow channel switching mechanism to ensure that the mud flows normally through the rotor and stator of the steering mechanism. When the angle of the tool face where the drill string assembly is located is fixed, the two ratchet wheels mentioned above are engaged, and the hollow flow channel of the motor rotor is open. At this time, the mud mainly flows through this flow channel to the drill bit, and the flow rate between the meshing surfaces of the motor stator and rotor is basically zero. At this time, the motor does not rotate. When it is necessary to change the angle of the tool face where the drill string assembly is located, the motor drives the locking pin to rotate until the locking pin completely closes the flow channel of the motor rotor. At this time, the mud can only flow through the meshing surfaces of the stator and rotor. After the pressure drop exceeds the critical value, the rotor can rotate because the ratchet wheel at the upper end of the rotor is in a non-engaged state. Its torque is transmitted to the drill string assembly through the deflector shaft. Figure 5 As shown, the conversion mechanism is embedded in the locking pin. This mechanism allows the Y-shaped transmission arm to pass through the gap between the inner and outer gears without interfering with other structures. When the angle of the tool face where the drill bit assembly is located reaches the expected value, the motor is promptly reversed, the locking pin moves upward, opens the hollow flow channel in the motor rotor, and the upper ratchet, which moves synchronously with the locking pin, resumes engagement, completing the tool face locking.

[0108] The entire system is controlled by ground equipment via cables. For the screw steer itself, three cables are required: one for the angle measuring element and two for the remote control motor signal (one for transmitting the motor control signal and two for the angle measuring element). All cables are fixed to the inner surface of the drill pipe and do not rotate with the drill string assembly. The attitude information of the downhole tool is transmitted to the ground in real time. With the appropriate rotation speed, when the angle approaches the target value, the ground inputs the flow channel opening command (i.e., the upper ratchet engages) to the steer, thus completing one tool face adjustment action. It is simple, quick, and does not require lifting the drill.

[0109] The directional steering device provided by this invention can avoid the defect of repeatedly lifting the drill pipe to adjust the tool face during operation. Tool face control can be completed while the drill pipe is downhole, and the drilling direction can be changed in a timely and accurate manner through the steering device.

[0110] In addition, this directional screw steering gear has significant application value in drilling shallow injection wells, opening windows in old wells, deepening old wells, and directional wells.

[0111] It should be noted that all electronic components involved in this invention adopt existing technology, and all the above-mentioned components are electrically connected to the controller, and the control circuit between the controller and each component is existing technology.

[0112] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0113] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0114] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A directional steering device for coiled tubing drilling, characterized in that: The system includes a drill rod (1), an upper motor rotor (2), an upper flexible shaft (3), and a flow channel switching mechanism. The drill rod (1) is vertically arranged with both its upper and lower ends open. The upper motor rotor (2) is vertically rotatably installed inside the drill rod (1). It is hollow inside, with its upper end open and its lower end closed. The side wall of the upper motor rotor (2) is provided with drilling fluid holes (4) that penetrate both inside and outside. The upper flexible shaft (3) is vertically installed inside the drill rod (1). It is located below the upper motor rotor (2), and its upper end is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper motor rotor (2). The flow channel switching mechanism is installed inside the drill rod (1) and is located above the upper motor rotor (2) to seal or open the upper opening of the upper motor rotor (2); The flow channel switching mechanism includes a driving component, a slide rail (5) and a locking pin (6). The slide rail (5) is vertically fixed inside the drill rod (1). It is hollow inside and open at both ends. The slide rail (5) is located above the upper motor rotor (2). Its lower end is fixedly connected to and communicates with the upper end of the upper motor rotor (2). It is provided with at least one flow channel branch hole (7). The locking pin (6) is vertically installed inside the slide rail (5) and threaded to the inner wall of the slide rail (5). It has a structure that is thick at the bottom and thin at the top. The driving component is installed inside the slide rail (5), located above the locking pin (6), and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the locking pin (6). It is used to drive the locking pin (6) to rotate. The locking pin (6) moves up and down inside the slide rail (5) to seal or open the flow channel branch hole (7).

2. The directional steering device for coiled tubing drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide rail (5) has a structure that is thick at the top and thin at the bottom. The driving member is located inside the thick end of the slide rail (5), the locking pin (6) is located inside the thin end of the slide rail (5), and the flow channel branch hole (7) is located on the thin end of the slide rail (5).

3. The directional steering device for coiled tubing drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving component includes a turbine motor (8), and the slide rail (5) has at least one through-hole (9) on its thick end face.

4. The directional steering system for coiled tubing drilling according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: A large gear ring (10) is installed inside the drill rod (1). The large gear ring (10) is located outside the upper motor rotor (2) and is rotatably connected to the drill rod (1) through a bearing (11). A rotor gear (12) is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the upper motor rotor (2). The rotor gear (12) is located inside the large gear ring (10) and meshes with the large gear ring (10). A gap (13) for mud to pass through is provided between the rotor gear (12) and the large gear ring (10).

5. The directional steering device for coiled tubing drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drill rod (1) is also equipped with a real-time angle measuring mechanism, which includes a magnet assembly and a measuring element. The magnet assembly is fixedly installed on the large gear ring (10), and the measuring element is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill rod (1) to measure the rotation angle of the magnetic field formed by the magnet assembly.

6. The directional steering device for coiled tubing drilling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drill rod (1) is also equipped with a corner locking mechanism, which is used to lock or release the upper motor rotor (2).

7. The directional steering device for coiled tubing drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The corner locking mechanism includes an upper ratchet (14) and a lower ratchet (15). The lower ratchet (15) is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the upper flexible shaft (3). The upper ratchet (14) is sleeved on the upper motor rotor (2) and is located between the large gear ring (10) and the lower ratchet (15). It is connected to the locking pin (6) through a connector. The end of the large gear ring (10) near the upper ratchet (14) has a toothed structure. The upper ratchet (14) can move together with the locking pin (6) to engage with one end face of the large gear ring (10) or the lower ratchet (15).

8. The directional steering device for coiled tubing drilling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connector includes a frame (16), with two eccentric rings (21) coaxially fixedly connected to both ends of the frame (16). The two eccentric rings (21) are respectively sleeved on the slide rail (5) and the upper motor rotor (2) and slidably connected. The upper end of the frame (16) is provided with a locking block (17), and the upper end of the locking post (6) is provided with a positioning groove (18). The locking block (17) extends through the flow channel branch hole (7) into the slide rail (5) and engages with the positioning groove (18). The upper end ratchet (14) is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the frame (16).

9. A drilling tool, characterized in that: The system includes a lower motor rotor (19), a lower flexure shaft (20), a drill bit, and a directional steering device for coiled tubing drilling as described in any one of claims 1-8. The lower motor rotor (19) is vertically rotatably mounted inside the drill pipe (1) and is located below the upper flexure shaft (3). The lower flexure shaft (20) is vertically mounted inside the drill pipe (1) and is located below the lower motor rotor (19), with its upper end fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower motor rotor (19). The drill bit is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the lower flexure shaft (20).

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