A method and system for automatically generating smoke prevention labels based on BIM models

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for automatically generating smoke-proof annotations based on a BIM model. The method comprises: a user setting annotation content on an interactive interface; based on a three-dimensional BIM model, collecting statistics on smoke-proof areas in the model; sequentially acquiring each smoke-proof area; identifying smoke-proof windows within the current smoke-proof area; collecting statistics on all smoke-proof windows; identifying smoke-proof methods; verifying and revising the statistically calculated annotation content of the current smoke-proof area; and generating smoke-proof annotations based on the annotation content. The system comprises a preprocessing module, a statistics module, a calculation module, a annotation module, and an update module. The present invention solves the problem of low efficiency in smoke-proof system design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of BIM technology, and in particular to a method and system for automatically generating smoke prevention labels based on a BIM model. Background Art

[0002] Smoke prevention system design is an important part of HVAC design, which mainly adopts mechanical pressurized air supply or natural ventilation to prevent smoke from entering the evacuation passage. At present, the design of smoke prevention system is divided into two steps: smoke prevention calculation and smoke prevention labeling: smoke prevention calculation mainly refers to the national "Technical Standard for Building Smoke Prevention and Exhaust System" (GB51251-2017) for calculation, which mainly calculates the pressurized air supply volume of the mechanical pressurized equipment system; smoke prevention labeling directly uses the smoke prevention calculation results for HVAC smoke prevention labeling, and the content of smoke prevention labeling is mainly smoke prevention area, smoke prevention method, window form, smoke prevention window area and pressurized air supply volume. How to effectively combine the two steps of smoke prevention calculation and smoke prevention labeling to improve the work efficiency of designers is an urgent problem that needs to be solved in this patent.

[0003] In the existing technology, smoke-proof marking mainly involves designers manually counting the number and area of ​​smoke-proof areas and doors and windows within the smoke-proof areas. This manual method is inefficient and labor-intensive, and each time the model is modified, it needs to be recalculated and reviewed, which increases the workload of designers and affects design efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (1) Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] Based on the above problems, the present invention provides a method and system for automatically generating smoke prevention labels based on a BIM model to solve the problem of low efficiency in smoke prevention system design.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] Based on the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for automatically generating smoke prevention labels based on a BIM model, comprising:

[0008] S1. The user sets the annotation content in the interactive interface, including the setting of the smoke-proof area and the annotation style; the smoke-proof area includes the stairwell, the antechamber, and the refuge room, and the annotation style includes the lead-out annotation or the wireframe annotation;

[0009] S2. Based on the 3D BIM model, the smoke-proof areas in the model are counted to form a smoke-proof area dataset vGroup, where i = 1;

[0010] S3. Obtain the i-th smoke-proof area and determine whether there is locally stored annotation content for the current smoke-proof area. If so, obtain the annotation content, which includes the smoke-proof area, smoke-proof method, window opening form, window orientation, window area, and pressurized air supply volume, and jump to S6. If not, proceed to S4.

[0011] S4. Statistics: Identify the smoke-proof windows in the current smoke-proof area and count the specifications, quantity, opening form, orientation, and floor location of all smoke-proof windows;

[0012] S5. Calculation: Calculating the area of ​​the windows based on the specifications and quantity, and identifying the smoke control method by identifying the building type, building height, or number of floors. The smoke control method may include natural ventilation or mechanical forced air supply. If mechanical forced air supply is used, the forced air supply volume is also calculated.

[0013] S6. Verify and modify the statistically calculated annotation content of the current smoke-proof area, and store it;

[0014] S7. Generate a smoke prevention label on the corresponding floor according to the label content;

[0015] S8. Determine whether the smoke-proof area data set has been marked. If not, i=i+1, and jump to S3. If yes, end.

[0016] Furthermore, in S2, the counting of smoke-proof areas in the model includes: obtaining statistics based on keywords of room names in the model in a fuzzy matching manner.

[0017] Furthermore, in S2, when the smoke-proof area is a stairwell, the keywords include enclosed stairwell and smoke-proof stairwell; when the smoke-proof area is an antechamber, the keywords include independent antechamber, shared antechamber, shared antechamber and fire elevator antechamber.

[0018] Furthermore, in S5, identifying the smoke prevention method by identifying the building type, building height or number of floors includes:

[0019] Public and industrial buildings with a building height greater than 50m, and residential buildings with a building height greater than 100m, shall use a mechanical pressurized air supply system;

[0020] Public and industrial buildings with a building height of less than or equal to 50m, and residential buildings with a building height of less than or equal to 100m, shall use natural ventilation systems.

[0021] Furthermore, S5 further includes: checking whether the area and smoke prevention method of the window calculated according to the orientation and the floor meet the corresponding regulatory requirements:

[0022] If the smoke control method is natural ventilation, the area of ​​the windows will be used to determine whether the smoke control area requirements are met. If so, a natural ventilation system can be installed. Otherwise, a natural ventilation system cannot be installed and mechanical pressurized air supply is used. The smoke control area requirements include:

[0023] When the area of ​​the openable exterior windows of independent vestibules and fire elevator vestibules is less than 2.0 m2, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used;

[0024] When the area of ​​openable exterior windows in a common front room or shared front room is less than 3.0 m2, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used;

[0025] When the highest openable exterior windows in enclosed stairwells and smoke-proof stairwells are less than 1.0 m2, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used; when the building height is greater than 10 m, and the total area of ​​openable exterior windows installed on the exterior walls of enclosed stairwells and smoke-proof stairwells within every five floors and arranged at intervals of no more than three floors is less than 2.0 m2, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used;

[0026] When the effective area of ​​the openable external windows in different directions in the shelter is less than 2% of the floor area of ​​the shelter and the area in each direction is less than 2.0 m2, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used.

[0027] Furthermore, in S6, the annotation content is stored locally in the form of a Json format file.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes: S9, automatic update of anti-smoke labeling, including:

[0029] S91. Determine whether the BIM model has been updated. If so, compare the BIM models before and after the update, mark the newly added, modified, or deleted smoke-proof areas, and store them in the modified data set, with j = 1. Otherwise, do not update the smoke-proof markings.

[0030] S92, obtaining the jth smoke-proof area in the modified data set, and determining whether the update type is new addition. If so, repeat S4-S7 for the current smoke-proof area and proceed to step S95; otherwise, proceed to step S93;

[0031] S93, determining whether the update type is modification. If so, reading the locally stored annotation content of the current smoke-proof area, repeating S5-S6 for the current smoke-proof area, updating the smoke-proof annotation based on the recalculated annotation content, and proceeding to step S95; otherwise, proceeding to step S94;

[0032] S94, determining whether the update type is deletion, if so, deleting the locally stored annotation content of the current smoke-proof area and deleting the corresponding smoke-proof annotation, and proceeding to step S95; otherwise, proceeding to step S95;

[0033] S95, judging whether the smoke-proof area in the modified data set is updated; if not, then j=j+1, jumping to S92; if so, then going to step S96;

[0034] S96. Highlight the smoke-proof area with updated labeling content for user confirmation.

[0035] The present invention also discloses a system for automatically generating smoke prevention labels based on a BIM model. The method for automatically generating smoke prevention labels based on a BIM model comprises the following steps connected in sequence:

[0036] A pre-processing module is used to process user input information, including the setting of smoke-proof areas and labeling styles, and to run the S1;

[0037] A statistical module is used for identifying and counting smoke-proof areas in the BIM model, and for counting information about smoke-proof windows in each smoke-proof area, and for running S2 and S4;

[0038] A calculation module, for calculating the area of ​​windows in the smoke-proof area, determining the smoke-proof method, and calculating the smoke-proof pressurized air supply volume, and executing S5;

[0039] And the marking module manually selects or automatically generates the smoke prevention marking according to the user's input information and calculation results, and runs the S7.

[0040] Furthermore, the marking module is also connected to an updating module for updating the anti-smoke marking.

[0041] (3) Beneficial effects

[0042] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0043] (1) The present invention adopts the direct drawing thinking of the three-dimensional model, performs smoke prevention calculations by directly reading the design parameters of the BIM model, and automatically performs smoke prevention annotations based on the calculation results, thereby improving the work efficiency of the construction drawing design of the smoke prevention system. Without manual input, heavy manual work and human errors can be avoided, thereby improving design efficiency;

[0044] (2) The present invention can automatically perform smoke prevention calculations and update smoke prevention labels after the BIM model is modified, and highlight the changes, making the modifications more intuitive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by referring to the accompanying drawings, which are schematic and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way. In the accompanying drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a system for automatically generating smoke prevention annotations based on a BIM model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for automatically generating smoke prevention labels based on a BIM model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-smoke labeling user interaction interface according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of statistics of smoke-proof areas according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the process of automatically updating anti-smoke labels according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0052] The embodiment of the present invention is a system for automatically generating smoke prevention labels based on BIM models, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a preprocessing module, a statistical module, a calculation module and a labeling module connected in sequence.

[0053] The pre-processing module processes user input, including the settings of smoke-proof areas and annotation styles. Smoke-proof areas include stairwells, antechambers, and refuges. Annotation styles include lead-out or wireframe annotations. It also determines whether window areas meet regulatory requirements.

[0054] The statistics module is used to identify and count smoke-proof areas in the BIM model, as well as information on smoke-proof windows within each smoke-proof area. Smoke-proof area identification and statistics include identifying smoke-proof areas such as stairwells, antechambers, and refuges within the BIM model, and counting the area of ​​the refuges. Smoke-proof window area statistics include automatically identifying smoke-proof windows within the smoke-proof area and counting information such as the size, number, opening method, orientation, and floor location of all windows.

[0055] The calculation module is used to calculate the area of ​​windows in the smoke-proof area, determine the smoke-proof method, and calculate the smoke-proof pressurized air supply volume. The smoke-proof method determination includes: determining whether the smoke-proof method is natural ventilation or mechanical pressurized air supply by identifying the building type, building height, or number of floors; the smoke-proof pressurized air supply volume calculation includes: calculating the air supply volume of the mechanical pressurized equipment according to Article 3.4.5 of the "Technical Standard for Building Smoke Control and Exhaust Systems" (GB51251-2017).

[0056] The labeling module can generate smoke prevention labels manually or automatically with one click based on the user's input information and calculation results.

[0057] In addition, the marking module is also connected to an updating module for updating the anti-smoke marking.

[0058] The embodiment of the present invention also includes the method for automatically generating smoke prevention labels based on the BIM model, such as Figure 2 The specific steps are as follows:

[0059] S1. The user sets the annotation content in the interactive interface, including the setting of the smoke-proof area and the annotation style;

[0060] Interactive interface such as Figure 3 As shown, the smoke-proof area includes: stairwell, vestibule, and refuge room. The annotation styles include: lead-out annotation or wireframe annotation, and it is judged whether the window area meets the specification requirements.

[0061] S2. Based on the 3D BIM model, the smoke-proof areas in the model are counted to form a smoke-proof area dataset vGroup, where i = 1;

[0062] According to the requirements of the Technical Standard for Smoke Control and Exhaust Systems in Buildings (GB51251-2017), smoke-proof areas include stairwells, antechambers, refuge rooms, etc. The keywords of the room names in the model are identified by fuzzy matching: stairwells mainly identify enclosed stairwells and smoke-proof stairwells, and do not identify open / outdoor stairwells; antechambers mainly identify independent antechambers, shared antechambers, shared antechambers, and fire elevator antechambers, and do not identify bathroom antechambers; the statistics are as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0063] S3. Obtain the i-th smoke-proof area and determine whether there is any locally stored annotation content for the current smoke-proof area. If so, obtain the annotation content such as the smoke-proof area, smoke-proof method, window opening form, window orientation, window area, and pressurized air supply volume, and jump to S6. If not, continue to S4.

[0064] Directly call and read the locally stored annotation content data to save design time.

[0065] S4. Statistics: Identify the smoke-proof windows in the current smoke-proof area and count the specifications, quantity, opening form, orientation, and floor location of all smoke-proof windows.

[0066] S5. Calculation: Calculating the area of ​​the windows according to the specifications and quantity, and identifying the smoke prevention method by identifying the building type, building height or number of floors;

[0067] Calculate the area of ​​windows based on the specifications and number of windows;

[0068] Identify smoke control methods by identifying the building type, building height or number of floors:

[0069] According to Article 3.1.2 of the Technical Standard for Smoke Control and Exhaust Systems in Buildings (GB51251-2017), "Public buildings and industrial buildings with a building height greater than 50 meters, and residential buildings with a building height greater than 100 meters...shall use a mechanical pressurized air supply system." Article 3.1.3 stipulates that "Public buildings and industrial buildings with a building height less than or equal to 50 meters, and residential buildings with a building height less than or equal to 100 meters...shall use a natural ventilation system. Where a natural ventilation system is not feasible, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used." The smoke control method, whether natural ventilation or a mechanical pressurized air supply system, is determined by identifying the building type, building height, or number of floors.

[0070] Check whether the calculated window area and smoke-proof method meet the corresponding regulatory requirements based on the orientation and floor location:

[0071] If the smoke control method is a natural ventilation system, then continue to determine whether the smoke-proof windows in the current smoke-proof area meet the smoke-proof area requirements. According to the Technical Standard for Building Smoke Control and Exhaust Systems GB51251-2017:

[0072] a. When the area of ​​openable windows in independent front rooms and fire elevator front rooms is less than 2.0 m2, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used;

[0073] b. When the area of ​​openable windows in a shared front room or a shared front room is less than 3.0 m2, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used;

[0074] c. A mechanical pressurized ventilation system shall be used when the highest openable exterior window in an enclosed stairwell or smokeproof stairwell is less than 1.0 m2; a mechanical pressurized ventilation system shall be used when the total area of ​​openable exterior windows installed on the exterior walls of an enclosed stairwell or smokeproof stairwell is less than 2.0 m2 every five floors and with an interval of no more than three floors;

[0075] d. When the shelter is equipped with openable external windows in different directions, and the effective area is less than 2% of the floor area of ​​the shelter and the area of ​​each direction is less than 2.0 m2, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used;

[0076] If the smoke control method is a mechanical pressurized air supply system, the smoke control pressurized air supply volume shall be calculated based on the provisions of Article 3.4.5 of the "Technical Standard for Building Smoke Control and Exhaust Systems" (GB51251-2017).

[0077] S6. Verify and modify the marked content of the current smoke-proof area and store it;

[0078] After statistics in S4 and calculations in S5, annotation contents such as smoke prevention methods, window opening forms and areas, and pressurized air supply volume can be obtained. These annotation contents are stored locally in the form of Json format files so that S3 can read and call them. When the program is called again, it determines whether the model has been modified. If it has been modified, calculation processing is performed. Otherwise, local data is directly read to save design time.

[0079] S7. Generate a smoke prevention label on the corresponding floor according to the label content;

[0080] Based on the user's input information and calculation results, smoke prevention labels can be manually selected or automatically generated with one click.

[0081] S8. Determine whether the smoke-proof area data set has been marked. If not, i=i+1, and jump to S3. If yes, end.

[0082] In addition, after the smoke prevention annotations are automatically generated based on the BIM model, the BIM model may be modified, and the smoke prevention annotations need to be automatically updated based on the BIM modification.

[0083] S9, automatically update the anti-smoke label; Figure 5 Shown, including:

[0084] S91. Determine whether the BIM model has been updated. If so, compare the BIM models before and after the update, mark the newly added, modified, or deleted smoke-proof areas, and store them in the modified dataset vChangeGroup, with j = 1. Otherwise, do not update the smoke-proof markings.

[0085] The modification or update types of the BIM model include addition, modification or deletion. According to different update types, the corresponding smoke prevention labels are updated.

[0086] S92, obtaining the jth smoke-proof area in the modified data set, and determining whether the update type is new addition. If so, repeat S4-S7 for the current smoke-proof area and proceed to step S95; otherwise, proceed to step S93;

[0087] When a new smoke-proof area is added, the smoke-proof method, window type and area, pressurized air supply volume and other annotation contents of the current smoke-proof area are calculated, and these annotation contents are added to the local Json file. Smoke-proof annotation is automatically performed based on the calculated annotation contents.

[0088] S93, determining whether the update type is modification. If so, reading the locally stored annotation content of the current smoke-proof area, repeating S5-S6 for the current smoke-proof area, updating the smoke-proof annotation based on the recalculated annotation content, and proceeding to step S95; otherwise, proceeding to step S94;

[0089] When modifying the smoke-proof area, read the annotation content of the smoke-proof area in the local Json file, and recalculate the area of ​​the windows, smoke-proof method, pressurized air supply volume and other annotation contents of the current smoke-proof area in S5, and update these calculated annotation contents to the local Json file, and update the smoke-proof annotation according to the recalculated annotation content.

[0090] S94, determining whether the update type is deletion, if so, deleting the locally stored annotation content of the current smoke-proof area and deleting the corresponding smoke-proof annotation, and proceeding to step S95; otherwise, proceeding to step S95;

[0091] When deleting a smoke-free area, the marking content of the smoke-free area in the local Json file is deleted, and the corresponding smoke-free marking is deleted.

[0092] S95, judging whether the smoke-proof area in the modified data set is updated; if not, then j=j+1, jumping to S92; if so, then going to step S96;

[0093] S96. Highlight the smoke-proof area with updated labeling content for user confirmation.

[0094] There is generally only one update method for a smoke-proof area. When all smoke-proof areas are updated, the smoke-proof areas with updated annotation content will be highlighted, making it more intuitive and convenient for users to confirm the results.

[0095] In summary, the above-mentioned method and system for automatically generating smoke prevention labels based on a BIM model have the following beneficial effects:

[0096] (1) The present invention adopts the direct drawing thinking of the three-dimensional model, performs smoke prevention calculations by directly reading the design parameters of the BIM model, and automatically performs smoke prevention annotations based on the calculation results, thereby improving the work efficiency of the construction drawing design of the smoke prevention system. Without manual input, heavy manual work and human errors can be avoided, thereby improving design efficiency;

[0097] (2) The present invention can automatically perform smoke prevention calculations and update smoke prevention labels after the BIM model is modified, and highlight the changes, making the modifications more intuitive.

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations shall fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for automatically generating smoke prevention annotations based on a BIM model, characterized in that: include: S1. The user sets the annotation content in the interactive interface, including the setting of the smoke-proof area and the annotation style; the smoke-proof area includes the stairwell, the antechamber, and the refuge room, and the annotation style includes the lead-out annotation or the wireframe annotation; S2. Based on the 3D BIM model, the smoke-proof areas in the model are counted to form a smoke-proof area dataset vGroup, where i=1; The counting of the smoke-proof areas in the model includes: obtaining statistics based on keywords of room names in the model in a fuzzy matching manner, where when the smoke-proof area is a stairwell, the keywords include enclosed stairwell and smoke-proof stairwell; and when the smoke-proof area is an antechamber, the keywords include independent antechamber, shared antechamber, shared antechamber, and fire elevator antechamber; S3. Obtain the i-th smoke-proof area and determine whether there is locally stored annotation content for the current smoke-proof area. If so, obtain the annotation content, which includes the smoke-proof area, smoke-proof method, window opening form, window orientation, window area, and pressurized air supply volume, and jump to S6. If not, proceed to S4. S4. Statistics: Identify the smoke-proof windows in the current smoke-proof area and count the specifications, quantity, opening form, orientation, and floor location of all smoke-proof windows; S5. Calculation: Calculating the area of ​​the windows based on the specifications and quantity, and identifying the smoke control method by identifying the building type, building height, or number of floors. The smoke control method may include natural ventilation or mechanical forced air supply. If mechanical forced air supply is used, the forced air supply volume is also calculated. S6. Verify and modify the statistically calculated annotation content of the current smoke-proof area, and store it; After statistics in S4 and calculations in S5, the smoke control method, window opening form and area, and pressurized air supply volume annotations are obtained. These annotations are stored locally in the form of Json format files so that S3 can read and call them. When the program is called again, it determines whether the model has been modified. If so, it performs calculations. Otherwise, it directly reads local data, saving design time. S7. Generate a smoke prevention label on the corresponding floor according to the label content; S8. Determine whether the smoke-proof area data set is marked. If not, then i=i+1 and jump to S3. If yes, then end. S9, Automatic update of anti-smoke labeling, including: S91. Determine whether the BIM model is updated. If so, compare the BIM models before and after the update, mark the newly added, modified, or deleted smoke-proof areas, and store them in the modified data set, with j = 1. Otherwise, do not update the smoke-proof mark. S92. Obtain the jth smoke-proof area in the modified data set and determine whether the update type is new. If not, proceed to step S93. If so, repeat steps S4-S7 for the current smoke-proof area. If a new smoke-proof area is added, calculate the smoke-proof mode, window type and area, and pressurized air supply volume annotation content for the current smoke-proof area, add these annotation contents to the local JSON file, and automatically perform smoke-proof annotation based on the calculated annotation content, and proceed to step S95. S93, determining whether the update type is modification. If so, reading the locally stored annotation content of the current smoke-proof area, repeating S5-S6 for the current smoke-proof area, updating the smoke-proof annotation based on the recalculated annotation content, and proceeding to step S95; otherwise, proceeding to step S94; When modifying the smoke-proof area, read the annotation content of the smoke-proof area in the local Json file, recalculate the area of ​​the windows, smoke-proof method, and pressurized air supply volume of the current smoke-proof area in S5, and update these calculated annotation contents to the local Json file. Update the smoke-proof annotation according to the recalculated annotation content; S94, determining whether the update type is deletion, if so, reading the locally stored annotation content of the current smoke-proof area, deleting the corresponding smoke-proof annotation, and proceeding to step S95; otherwise, proceeding to step S95; When deleting a smoke-free area, delete the marking content of the smoke-free area in the local Json file and delete the corresponding smoke-free marking; S95, determine whether the smoke-proof area in the modified data set is updated. If not, set j=j+1 and jump to S92; if so, proceed to step S96; S96. Highlight the smoke-proof area with updated labeling content for user confirmation.

2. The method for automatically generating smoke prevention labels based on a BIM model according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the identification of the smoke prevention method by identifying the building type, building height or number of floors includes: Public and industrial buildings with a building height greater than 50m, and residential buildings with a building height greater than 100m, shall use a mechanical pressurized air supply system; Public and industrial buildings with a building height of less than or equal to 50m, and residential buildings with a building height of less than or equal to 100m, shall use natural ventilation systems.

3. The method for automatically generating smoke prevention labels based on a BIM model according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The S5 also includes: Check whether the calculated window area and smoke-proof method meet the corresponding regulatory requirements based on the orientation and floor location: If the smoke control method is natural ventilation, the area of ​​the windows will be used to determine whether the smoke control area requirements are met. If so, a natural ventilation system can be installed. Otherwise, a natural ventilation system cannot be installed and mechanical pressurized air supply is used. The smoke control area requirements include: When the area of ​​the openable exterior windows of independent vestibules and fire elevator vestibules is less than 2.0 m2, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used; When the area of ​​openable exterior windows in a common front room or shared front room is less than 3.0 m2, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used; When the area of ​​the openable external windows at the highest part of an enclosed stairwell or smokeproof stairwell is less than 1.0 m2, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used; when the building height is greater than 10 m, and the total area of ​​the openable external windows installed on the exterior walls of an enclosed stairwell or smokeproof stairwell within every five floors and arranged at intervals of no more than three floors is less than 2.0 m2, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used; When the effective area of ​​the openable external windows in different directions in the shelter is less than 2% of the floor area of ​​the shelter and the area in each direction is less than 2.0 ㎡, a mechanical pressurized air supply system shall be used.

4. A system for automatically generating smoke prevention annotations based on BIM models, characterized in that: The method for automatically generating smoke prevention labels based on a BIM model according to any one of claims 1 to 3 comprises the following steps connected in sequence: A pre-processing module is used to process user input information, including the setting of smoke-proof areas and labeling styles, and to run the S1; A statistical module is used for identifying and counting smoke-proof areas in the BIM model, and for counting information about smoke-proof windows in each smoke-proof area, and for running S2 and S4; A calculation module, for calculating the area of ​​windows in the smoke-proof area, determining the smoke-proof method, and calculating the smoke-proof pressurized air supply volume, and executing S5; and a marking module, which automatically generates smoke prevention markings with one click based on user input information and calculation results, and runs the S7; The marking module is also connected to an updating module for updating the anti-smoke marking.

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