Ginkgo tree seedling raising and transplanting method

Abstract

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the ginkgo tree seedling raising and transplanting method which can effectively promote growth of lateral roots of seedlings, facilitate lossless transplanting of the seedlings, effectively reduce the influence of difference of factors such as environmental climate of an external transplanting environment and effectively improve the transplanting survival rate. The method comprises the following steps of seedling culture room building, seed selection, seed pretreatment, planting preparation, seedling stage management, fertilization and pruning, transplanting and subsequent management. According to the seedling culture method, through seed treatment optimization, seedling culture environment control, seedling stage management and other links, the germination rate of gingko seeds and the growth speed of seedlings are effectively increased; according to the seedling raising method, an environment synchronous adaptation device is further provided, the seedlings can better adapt to the external environment after being transplanted, the transplanting survival rate is increased, the seedlings can grow more evenly, and the situation that the seedlings grow in a deviated mode due to the fact that single-side illumination is too long is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seedling cultivation, and in particular to a method for cultivating and transplanting ginkgo seedlings. Background Art

[0002] Ginkgo biloba L. is an ancient and precious tree species with extremely high economic and ecological value. During the seedling raising process of ginkgo trees, a suitable growth environment needs to be provided to ensure the healthy growth of seedlings. During the seedling transplanting process, the vigorous growth of lateral roots plays an important role in improving the survival rate of transplantation. This is because the lateral roots can help the seedlings better absorb water and nutrients from the soil, thereby enhancing the seedlings' ability to adapt to the environment. When the lateral roots of the seedlings are well developed, they can more effectively fix the plants, reduce shaking and damage after transplantation, and also better resist changes in the external environment, such as drought and cold, which are key factors affecting the survival rate of transplantation; in addition, due to differences in environmental climate and other factors between the seedling raising base and the external transplanting site, the survival rate of transplantation will also be reduced. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for raising and transplanting ginkgo seedlings, which effectively promotes the growth of lateral roots of seedlings, facilitates the lossless transplantation of seedlings, can effectively reduce the influence of differences in factors such as environmental climate in the external transplanting environment, and effectively improves the transplant survival rate.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the method for raising and transplanting ginkgo seedlings comprises the following steps:

[0005] S1. Build a nursery room

[0006] At least one seedling raising support is arranged in the seedling raising room, and a plurality of seedling raising devices are arranged on the seedling raising support;

[0007] S2. Seed selection

[0008] Select mature ginkgo fruits that are free of pests and diseases, collect and peel them in autumn, clean them and dry them for later use;

[0009] S3. Seed pretreatment

[0010] S31, soaking the seeds selected in step S2 in warm water at 40° C. for 24 hours;

[0011] S32, using fine sandpaper to gently rub the epidermis of the seeds treated in step S31 to increase its water absorption and air permeability;

[0012] S4. Planting preparation;

[0013] S41, select organic matter-rich, well-drained soil as a matrix, and add an appropriate amount of perlite and / or vermiculite to improve the soil structure, and add the mixed matrix to a plurality of seedling raising devices in appropriate amounts;

[0014] S42, sowing the seeds treated in step S32 in multiple seedling raising devices, covering them with 1-2 cm thick fine soil, and lightly compacting them;

[0015] S5. Seedling Management

[0016] S51. Keep the soil moist, but avoid water accumulation. Use a sprayer to water and keep the soil surface slightly wet.

[0017] S52. In the early stage of seed germination, provide appropriate shade to avoid direct sunlight. After the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, gradually increase the light intensity.

[0018] S53. Regularly remove impurities, keep the seedling support and seedling device clean, and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases;

[0019] S6. Fertilization and pruning

[0020] S61. Apply diluted liquid organic fertilizer once every two weeks during the seedling stage to promote root and leaf growth;

[0021] S62. When the seedlings reach a height of 10-15 cm, carry out the first pruning, cut off weak branches and overcrowded leaves, and promote the formation of the main trunk;

[0022] S7. Transplantation and subsequent management

[0023] S71. Select healthy seedlings and transplant them to the designated environment in spring or autumn, maintaining appropriate spacing between plants and rows;

[0024] S72. After transplanting, water and fertilize regularly and pay attention to preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests to ensure the healthy growth of ginkgo seedlings.

[0025] Furthermore, the seedling room is provided with an environmental synchronization adaptation device;

[0026] The environmental synchronization adaptation device comprises a first controller, a humidifier, a dehumidifier, a temperature control device, an artificial light source, an indoor temperature and humidity sensor, an indoor light intensity sensor, an indoor carbon dioxide sensor, and an indoor soil pH sensor. The humidifier, the dehumidifier, the temperature control device, the artificial light source, the indoor temperature and humidity sensor, the indoor light intensity sensor, and the indoor carbon dioxide sensor are arranged in the seedling room, and the indoor soil pH sensor is arranged in the seedling device;

[0027] The humidifier, dehumidifier, temperature control device, artificial light source, indoor temperature and humidity sensor, indoor light intensity sensor, indoor carbon dioxide sensor, and indoor soil pH sensor are respectively connected to the controller for communication;

[0028] It also includes a second controller, an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, an outdoor light intensity sensor, an outdoor carbon dioxide sensor, and an outdoor soil pH sensor, wherein the outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, the outdoor light intensity sensor, and the outdoor carbon dioxide sensor are arranged in the area of ​​the transplanting location through a mounting bracket, and the outdoor soil pH sensor is arranged in the soil of the transplanting location;

[0029] The outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, the outdoor light intensity sensor, the outdoor carbon dioxide sensor, and the outdoor soil pH sensor are respectively connected to the second controller for communication;

[0030] The second controller is connected to the first controller via a wireless network.

[0031] Furthermore, the seedling support comprises a support seat, and an inverted U-shaped frame is arranged in the middle of the support seat along its length direction;

[0032] Both ends of the inverted U-shaped frame are obliquely provided with fixing rods, one end of the fixing rod is arranged at one of the corners of the support seat, and the other end is arranged at the end of the inverted U-shaped frame, and the two fixing rods at the same end form a herringbone structure;

[0033] A plurality of support plates are arranged between two fixing rods on the same side of the inverted U-shaped frame and are distributed in a stepped manner, and a plurality of seedling raising devices are arranged on the plurality of support plates through a rotating structure;

[0034] An electric turntable is provided at the center of the lower surface of the support seat, and electric hydraulic legs are provided at the four corners of the lower surface of the support seat, and a universal wheel is provided at the lower end of each electric hydraulic leg;

[0035] The electric turntable and the electric hydraulic legs are respectively connected to the first controller for communication.

[0036] Furthermore, the rotating structure includes a plurality of mounting holes arranged on each supporting plate, a rotating disk is arranged in each mounting hole through a bearing, and a plurality of seedling raising devices are respectively located in the plurality of rotating disks;

[0037] A rotating shaft is arranged below each rotating disk, the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the corresponding rotating disk, the lower end of the rotating shaft is arranged on a supporting seat through a bearing, and a turbine is arranged on each rotating shaft;

[0038] A rotating rod is provided below each support plate, one end of the rotating rod is fixed above the support seat through a column, and a driving device is provided at the other end of the rotating rod, the output shaft of the driving device is transmission-connected to one end of the corresponding rotating rod, and the driving device is communicatively connected to the first controller;

[0039] The rotating rod is provided with a plurality of worms, the number of the plurality of worms is the same as the number of the plurality of turbines and corresponds one to one, and each worm is meshed with the corresponding turbine.

[0040] Furthermore, the seedling raising device comprises a base, the base is located in the rotating disk, a seedling raising cylinder is arranged above the base through a plurality of supporting vertical rods, the seedling raising cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the plurality of supporting vertical rods through a fixing ring, and a transplanting rack is detachably arranged in the seedling raising cylinder;

[0041] The transplant rack comprises a supporting bottom plate, the diameter of which matches the inner diameter of the seedling raising cylinder, and a plurality of ventilation and water permeability holes are arranged on the supporting bottom plate;

[0042] A plurality of support vertical plates are provided at the edge of the support bottom plate through a hinged structure, a support block is provided at the upper end of each support vertical plate and the two are perpendicular to each other, and each support vertical plate is in contact with the inner side wall of the seedling raising cylinder;

[0043] An annular groove is provided at the edge of the upper end surface of the seedling raising cylinder, a supporting ring is provided in the annular groove, and the upper surface of the supporting ring is flush with the upper end surface of the seedling raising cylinder, and a plurality of supporting blocks are respectively in contact with the upper surface of the supporting ring;

[0044] A ring-shaped water-absorbing sponge is arranged in the transplant rack, the outer side wall of the water-absorbing sponge contacts with a plurality of supporting vertical plates, and a plurality of water-absorbing sponge strips of equal height are evenly arranged on the inner side wall of the water-absorbing sponge along its circumferential direction.

[0045] Furthermore, a water receiving shell is provided on the base and is located directly below the seedling raising cylinder, and the inner diameter of the water receiving shell is greater than the outer diameter of the seedling raising cylinder.

[0046] Furthermore, the supporting ring includes a first semicircular ring and a second semicircular ring;

[0047] The first semicircular ring is provided with connecting rods on both side end faces, and the second semicircular ring is provided with connecting holes matching the connecting rods on both side end faces. The two connecting rods correspond to the two connecting holes respectively. When the first semicircular ring and the second semicircular ring together form a circular ring, the two connecting rods are respectively located in the two connecting holes and the two are interference fit.

[0048] Furthermore, the water-absorbing sponge and the plurality of water-absorbing sponge strips are all made of degradable sponge.

[0049] Furthermore, the number of the support vertical plates is three, two of which are symmetrical about the central axis of the base, and the other one is located between the two support vertical plates and is equidistant from the support vertical plates on both sides.

[0050] Furthermore, a display screen is provided in the seedling raising room, and a timer is provided on the support seat, and the display screen and the timer are respectively communicatively connected with the first controller.

[0051] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0052] 1. The seedling raising method provided by the present invention effectively improves the germination rate of ginkgo seeds and the growth rate of seedlings by optimizing seed treatment, seedling raising environment control and seedling management, shortens the seedling raising cycle, reduces production costs, and provides technical support for large-scale reproduction of ginkgo seedlings.

[0053] 2. The seedling raising method provided by the present invention also provides an environmental synchronization adaptation device. For a period of time before the seedlings are grown, the environmental synchronization adaptation device can make the environment in the seedling raising room as close as possible to the environmental climate and other factors of the external transplanting site, so that the seedlings can better adapt to the external environment after transplanting and improve the transplantation survival rate.

[0054] 3. The seedling raising method provided by the present invention also provides a seedling raising support and a seedling raising device, through which the seedlings can be rotated regularly to ensure that every part of the ginkgo seedlings is exposed to light as much as possible, so that the ginkgo seedlings grow more evenly and avoid unilateral light exposure for too long to cause them to grow in an unbalanced manner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a combination of a seedling raising support and a plurality of seedling raising devices according to the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 It is a side view of the combined structure of the seedling raising support and multiple seedling raising devices according to the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support plate, multiple rotating disks, and driving device combination of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the driving device, rotating rod, multiple rotating disks, multiple rotating shafts, multiple turbines, and multiple worm gears of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support plate of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seedling raising device of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the internal structure of the seedling raising cylinder according to the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transplantation rack of the present invention;

[0063] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seedling raising cylinder of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first semicircular ring and the plug-in rod combination of the present invention;

[0065] Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second semicircular ring of the present invention;

[0066] Markings in the figure: support seat 1, inverted U-shaped frame 2, fixing rod 3, support plate 4, seedling raising device 5, base 501, support vertical rod 502, seedling raising cylinder 503, fixing ring 504, transplanting frame 505, support bottom plate 5051, ventilation and water permeable holes 5052, support vertical plate 5053, annular groove 5054, support block 5055, electric turntable 6, electric hydraulic support leg 7, universal wheel 8, mounting hole 9, rotating disk 10, rotating shaft 11, turbine 12, rotating rod 13, driving device 14, worm 15, support block 16, water-absorbing sponge 17, water-absorbing sponge strip 18, water receiving shell 19, support ring 20, first semicircular ring 2001, second semicircular ring 2002, plug-in rod 21, and socket 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0068] It should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by all directional indication terms such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" in the embodiments of the present application are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. They are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0069] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0070] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0071] The method for raising and transplanting ginkgo seedlings comprises the following steps:

[0072] S1. Build a nursery room

[0073] At least one seedling raising bracket is provided in the seedling raising room, and a plurality of seedling raising devices 5 are provided on the seedling raising bracket. The number of the seedling raising bracket and the seedling raising device 5 is determined according to actual needs, and no quantity restriction is made here;

[0074] S2. Seed selection

[0075] Select mature ginkgo fruits that are free of pests and diseases, collect and peel them in autumn, clean them, dry them and set them aside. Select seeds that are mature and free of pests and diseases to ensure a good genetic foundation, improve the germination rate and seedling quality, and are conducive to subsequent healthy growth;

[0076] S3. Seed pretreatment

[0077] S31, soaking the seeds selected in step S2 in warm water at 40° C. for 24 hours, wherein warm water soaking helps soften the seed coat, promotes water absorption, and accelerates the enzyme activity inside the seeds, thereby accelerating the germination process;

[0078] S32, using fine sandpaper to gently rub the epidermis of the seeds treated in step S31 to increase its water absorption and air permeability, further promoting rapid germination of the seeds and breaking the dormancy mechanism;

[0079] S4. Planting preparation;

[0080] S41, select organic-rich, well-drained soil as the matrix, the matrix is ​​preferably peat soil, the organic-rich soil can provide sufficient nutrients, and add an appropriate amount of perlite and / or vermiculite to improve the soil structure, perlite or vermiculite improves the soil structure, enhances drainage and aeration, and helps the healthy development of the root system. Preferably, the ratio of peat soil: vermiculite: perlite is 3:1:1, and the mixed matrix is ​​added to a plurality of seedling raising devices 5 in an appropriate amount respectively;

[0081] S42, sowing the seeds processed in step S32 in a plurality of seedling raising devices 5, covering them with 1-2 cm thick fine soil, and lightly compacting them. Covering the seeds with an appropriate amount of fine soil and lightly compacting them not only protects the seeds from direct sunlight damage, but also ensures proper soil contact, which is conducive to the seeds taking root;

[0082] S5. Seedling Management

[0083] S51. Keep the soil moist but avoid water accumulation. Use a sprayer to water the plants and keep the soil surface slightly wet. Using a sprayer to water the plants can evenly moisten the soil without causing water accumulation, prevent root rot, and maintain appropriate soil moisture.

[0084] S52. In the early stage of seed germination, appropriate shading is applied to avoid direct sunlight. After the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, the light intensity is gradually increased. Appropriate shading in the early stage avoids the damage caused by strong direct sunlight to the delicate seedlings. As the seedlings gradually become stronger, the light intensity is gradually increased to adapt to the natural environment.

[0085] S53, regularly remove impurities, keep the seedling support and the seedling device 5 clean, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, and also reduce the competition for resources;

[0086] S6. Fertilization and pruning

[0087] S61. Apply diluted liquid organic fertilizer once every two weeks during the seedling stage to promote the growth of roots and leaves. The diluted liquid organic fertilizer provides the necessary nutrients to support the rapid growth of seedlings, while the frequency of once every two weeks avoids the negative effects of excessive fertilization.

[0088] S62. When the seedlings reach a height of 10-15 cm, carry out the first pruning, cut off weak branches and overcrowded leaves, promote the formation of the main trunk, make the plants stronger, and lay the foundation for better morphological development in the future;

[0089] S7. Transplantation and subsequent management

[0090] S71. Select healthy seedlings and transplant them to the designated environment in spring or autumn, maintaining appropriate spacing between rows and plants. Selecting healthy seedlings for transplanting ensures a good start for the plants in the new environment. Reasonable arrangement of spacing between rows and plants is conducive to making full use of space and promoting ventilation and light transmission.

[0091] S72. After transplanting, water and fertilize regularly, and pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases to ensure the healthy growth of ginkgo seedlings. Continuous water supply, fertilizer supplementation, and pest and disease prevention measures ensure the healthy growth of ginkgo seedlings throughout the growth period until they become mature trees.

[0092] In this embodiment, in order to further improve the survival rate of transplanting and reduce the planting cost, an environmental synchronization adaptation device is provided in the seedling room;

[0093] The environmental synchronization adaptation device comprises a first controller, a display screen, a humidifier, a dehumidifier, a temperature control device, an artificial light source, an indoor temperature and humidity sensor, an indoor light intensity sensor, an indoor carbon dioxide sensor, and an indoor soil pH sensor. Other sensors can also be added according to actual needs, and are not limited to the listed ones. The first controller, the humidifier, the dehumidifier, the temperature control device, the artificial light source, the indoor temperature and humidity sensor, the indoor light intensity sensor, and the indoor carbon dioxide sensor are arranged at a suitable position in the seedling raising room, and the indoor soil pH sensor is arranged in the seedling raising device 5;

[0094] The humidifier, dehumidifier, temperature control device, artificial light source, indoor temperature and humidity sensor, indoor light intensity sensor, indoor carbon dioxide sensor, and indoor soil pH sensor are respectively connected to the first controller for communication, and also include an indoor power supply to power each component to make it work normally. The humidifier and dehumidifier are used to adjust the humidity in the seedling room. The temperature control device and the indoor temperature and humidity sensor are used to adjust the temperature in the seedling room. The temperature control device generally uses an industrial air conditioner to achieve both heating and cooling. The artificial light source and the indoor light intensity sensor are used to adjust the indoor light intensity. The indoor carbon dioxide sensor is used to monitor the carbon dioxide concentration. If it is high, ventilation is sufficient. If the concentration is low, dry ice can be used to add it, or a carbon dioxide tank can be used to release it into the air and naturally sublimate it into gaseous carbon dioxide when needed. The soil pH sensor is used to monitor the pH value of the matrix in the seedling device 5. It can be adjusted by adding a pH regulator by liquid organic fertilizer or watering. The monitoring data of each sensor is collected by the first controller and displayed in real time on the display screen, which is convenient for personnel to check and adjust the seedling method in time according to the monitoring data;

[0095] It also includes a second controller, an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, an outdoor light intensity sensor, an outdoor carbon dioxide sensor, and an outdoor soil pH sensor. The outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, the outdoor light intensity sensor, and the outdoor carbon dioxide sensor are arranged in the area of ​​the transplanting site through a mounting bracket. The outdoor soil pH sensor is arranged in the soil of the transplanting site. It also includes an outdoor power supply, which can be a mobile power supply or solar power generation as the outdoor power supply;

[0096] The outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, the outdoor light intensity sensor, the outdoor carbon dioxide sensor, and the outdoor soil pH value sensor are respectively connected to the second controller for communication, and the monitoring data of each outdoor sensor is collected by the second controller. It should be noted that the outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, the outdoor light intensity sensor, the outdoor carbon dioxide sensor, and the outdoor soil pH value sensor are not set at the beginning of seedling cultivation, but are set some time before transplanting, such as half a month or twenty days in advance;

[0097] The second controller is connected to the first controller via a wireless network communication. The second controller and the first controller generally adopt STM32 series single-chip microcomputers. The second controller and the first controller can use LoRa modules, such as SX1276 / 77 / 78 / 79 series and single-chip microcomputer interface, and communicate with LoRaWAN protocol stack or custom protocol. The second controller collects monitoring data of various outdoor sensors and transmits them to the first controller by wireless transmission, and displays them on the display screen, so as to gradually adjust the temperature and humidity, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, soil pH value and other parameters in the nursery room, and gradually adjust them to values ​​close to those outdoors. By simulating the external environment in the nursery room in advance, the seedlings can adapt to the external environment in advance, thereby effectively improving the transplant survival rate. Since the price of ginkgo seedlings is relatively expensive, improving the transplant survival rate can reduce the cost of seedling cultivation and improve economic benefits.

[0098] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, as a preference, the seedling support comprises a support seat 1, and an inverted U-shaped frame 2 is provided in the middle of the support seat 1 along its length direction;

[0099] Both ends of the inverted U-shaped frame 2 are obliquely provided with fixing rods 3, one end of the fixing rod 3 is arranged at one of the corners of the support seat 1, and the other end is arranged at the end of the inverted U-shaped frame 2, and the two fixing rods 3 at the same end form a herringbone structure;

[0100] A plurality of support plates 4 are arranged between two fixing rods 3 on the same side of the inverted U-shaped frame 2 and are distributed in a stepped manner. A plurality of seedling raising devices 5 are arranged on the plurality of support plates 4 through a rotating structure. Through the stepped distribution design, the seedling raising devices 5 on the upper layer will not block the seedling raising devices 5 on the lower layer.

[0101] An electric turntable 6 is provided at the center of the lower surface of the support seat 1, and electric hydraulic legs 7 are provided at the four corners of the lower surface of the support seat 1. The lower end of each electric hydraulic leg 7 is provided with a universal wheel 8. When the entire seedling support needs to be moved, the four electric hydraulic legs 7 are controlled to extend at the same time, so that the electric turntable 6 leaves the ground and can move through the four universal wheels 8. When not moving, the electric hydraulic legs 7 are shortened at the same time, so that the electric turntable 6 is located on the ground and can rotate the support seat 1;

[0102] The electric turntable 6 and the electric hydraulic support leg 7 are respectively connected to the first controller for communication. The entire seedling support can be rotated through the electric turntable 6 and the universal wheel 8, so that the seedling support can be rotated regularly to ensure that each part of the seedling support is exposed to light for the same length of time as much as possible, so that the seedlings of this batch of multiple ginkgo trees grow more evenly and the quality of the seedlings tends to be consistent, avoiding unilateral light exposure for too long to cause it to grow in a biased direction, and reducing the unevenness of the same batch of seedlings.

[0103] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the rotating structure includes a plurality of mounting holes 9 provided on each support plate 4, a rotating disk 10 is provided in each mounting hole 9 through a bearing, the rotating disk 10 has an open cylinder at the upper end, and a plurality of seedling raising devices 5 are respectively located in the plurality of rotating disks 10;

[0104] A rotating shaft 11 is disposed below each rotating disk 10, the upper end of the rotating shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the corresponding rotating disk 10, the lower end of the rotating shaft 11 is disposed on the support seat 1 through a bearing, and a turbine 12 is disposed on each rotating shaft 11;

[0105] A rotating rod 13 is provided below each support plate 4, one end of the rotating rod 13 is fixed above the support seat 1 through a column, and a driving device 14 is provided at the other end of the rotating rod 13, and the driving device 14 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the support seat 1. The driving device 14 is generally a driving motor, and the output shaft of the driving device 14 is drivingly connected to one end of the corresponding rotating rod 13, and the driving device 14 is communicatively connected to the first controller;

[0106] The rotating rod 13 is provided with a plurality of worm gears 15, the number of the plurality of worm gears 15 is the same as the number of the plurality of turbines 12 and corresponds one to one, each worm gear 15 is meshed with the corresponding turbine 12, and the corresponding rotating rod 13 is driven to rotate by the driving device 14, thereby driving the plurality of worm gears 15 to rotate, so that the plurality of turbines 12 rotate at the same time, and the seedling raising device 5 rotates, ensuring that every part of the seedling of the ginkgo tree is exposed to light as much as possible, so that the seedling of the ginkgo tree grows more evenly, and avoids unilateral light exposure for too long causing it to grow in a biased direction.

[0107] like Figure 6-11 As shown, the seedling raising device 5 includes a base 501, which is adapted to the rotating disk 10. The base 501 is located in the rotating disk 10. A seedling raising cylinder 503 is provided above the base 501 through a plurality of supporting vertical rods 502. The seedling raising cylinder 503 is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the plurality of supporting vertical rods 502 through a fixing ring 504. The seedling raising cylinder 503 is cylindrical and has openings at both the upper and lower ends. A transplanting frame 505 is detachably provided in the seedling raising cylinder 503. In the seedling raising stage, the transplanting frame 505 and the seedling raising cylinder 503 are together. After the seedling raising is completed, the transplanting frame 505 is disassembled to realize the lossless transplantation of the ginkgo seedlings.

[0108] The transplant rack 505 includes a support base plate 5051, the diameter of which matches the inner diameter of the seedling cylinder 503, and the support base plate 5051 is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the seedling cylinder 503, so that the lower end of the seedling cylinder 503 can be shielded by the support base plate 5051, which is convenient for adding culture medium without falling. The support base plate 5051 is provided with a plurality of ventilation and water-permeable holes 5052, through which excess water or nutrient solution can be discharged, so as to avoid the adverse effects such as root rot of the ginkgo seedling caused by excessive water accumulation in the seedling cylinder 503. In addition, when watering or adding nutrient solution, the outside air can enter the interior of the seedling cylinder 503 through the plurality of ventilation and water-permeable holes 5052, so as to meet the growth needs of the ginkgo seedling.

[0109] The edge of the support bottom plate 5051 is provided with a plurality of support vertical plates 5053 through a hinged structure, and the plurality of support vertical plates 5053 are evenly arranged at the edge of the support bottom plate 5051. The number of the plurality of support vertical plates 5053 is preferably four, and the upper end of each support vertical plate 5053 is provided with a support block 5055 and the two are perpendicular to each other, and each support vertical plate 5053 is in contact with the inner side wall of the seedling cylinder 503;

[0110] An annular groove 5054 is provided at the outer edge of the upper end surface of the seedling cylinder 503, a support ring 20 is provided in the annular groove 5054, and the upper surface of the support ring 20 is flush with the upper end surface of the seedling cylinder 503, and a plurality of support blocks 5055 are respectively in contact with the upper surface of the support ring 20, and the support bottom plate 5051 can be fixed to the bottom of the seedling cylinder 503 by clamping the plurality of support blocks 5055 on the support ring 20;

[0111] The transplant rack 505 is provided with a ring-shaped water-absorbing sponge 17, the outer side wall of the water-absorbing sponge 17 is in contact with a plurality of supporting vertical plates 5053, and the inner side wall of the water-absorbing sponge 17 is evenly provided with a plurality of water-absorbing sponge strips 18 of equal height along its circumferential direction. The culture medium for cultivating the ginkgo seedlings is located inside the ring-shaped water-absorbing sponge 17, and the water-absorbing sponge 17 and the water-absorbing sponge strips 18 can absorb and store more water and nutrient solution. When the water or nutrient solution in the culture medium is gradually reduced, the water or nutrient solution stored in the water-absorbing sponge 17 and the water-absorbing sponge strips 18 will be absorbed by the drier culture medium nearby, while the culture medium in the middle position is closer to the water-absorbing sponge. 17 and the water-absorbing sponge strips 18 are far apart, the water or nutrient solution in the culture medium in the middle area will be less than the water or nutrient solution in the culture medium around the water-absorbing sponge 17 and the water-absorbing sponge strips 18, so that the lateral roots of the ginkgo seedlings can be induced to grow around, and then absorb more water or nutrient solution to make the lateral roots of the ginkgo seedlings grow more vigorously. In addition, when the water or nutrient solution is less, the sponge has better air permeability, which makes the surrounding culture medium more air permeable, and also induces the lateral roots of the ginkgo seedlings to grow around. Since multiple water-absorbing sponge strips 18 are evenly distributed, the lateral roots of the ginkgo seedlings can grow around to avoid entanglement. , which is convenient for transplanting; when transplanting, it is only necessary to pull up the supporting ring 20, so that the multiple supporting blocks 5055 can be pulled up at the same time, and then the supporting bottom plate 5051 can be pulled out from the seedling cylinder 503 through the multiple supporting vertical plates 5053. Since the ginkgo seedlings, the culture matrix, and the ring-shaped water-absorbing sponge 17 are all located on the supporting bottom plate 5051, the transplanting rack, the ginkgo seedlings, the culture matrix, and the ring-shaped water-absorbing sponge 17 can be taken out together without damaging the root system of the seedlings. In addition, since the ring-shaped water-absorbing sponge 17 isolates the culture matrix from the seedling cylinder 503, it is prevented that the culture matrix is ​​compacted and adheres to the seedling cylinder 503, which further facilitates the transplanting rack, the ginkgo seedlings, and the culture matrix. The matrix and the ring-shaped water-absorbing sponge 17 are taken out together. After the whole is taken out, the supporting ring 20 is removed, and then the upper ends of the multiple supporting vertical plates 5053 are bent outward. Since the lower ends of the multiple supporting vertical plates 5053 are fixed by a hinge structure, the multiple supporting vertical plates 5053 can be separated from the ring-shaped water-absorbing sponge 17, so that the water-absorbing sponge 17, the ginkgo seedlings, and the culture matrix can be taken out as a whole for easy transplantation. Due to the wrapping of the ring-shaped water-absorbing sponge 17, the seedlings can be protected during transplantation to avoid collision and damage to the seedlings. In addition, the ring-shaped water-absorbing sponge 17 can be used to moisturize and provide sufficient water to ensure the loss of water during transplantation and transportation.

[0112] like Figure 6As shown, in the present embodiment, in order to prevent the added water or nutrient solution from flowing out from the multiple ventilation and water-permeable holes 5052 and being wasted and contaminating the seedling support, a water receiving shell 19 is provided on the base 501 and is located directly below the seedling cylinder 503. The inner diameter of the water receiving shell 19 is larger than the outer diameter of the seedling cylinder 503. The excess water or nutrient solution can be collected by the water receiving shell 19 for reuse, thus avoiding waste and keeping the seedling support clean.

[0113] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown, in this embodiment, as a preference, the support ring 20 includes a first semicircular ring 2001 and a second semicircular ring 2002;

[0114] The first semicircular ring 2001 is provided with a plug rod 21 on both side end faces, and the second semicircular ring 2002 is provided with a socket 22 adapted to the plug rod 21 on both side end faces, and the two plug rods 21 correspond to the two sockets 22 respectively. When the first semicircular ring 2001 and the second semicircular ring 2002 form a circular ring together, the two plug rods 21 are respectively located in the two sockets 22 and the two are interference fit. Through the cooperation of the plug rods and the sockets 22, the first semicircular ring 2001 and the second semicircular ring 2002 can be split apart, which is convenient for opening the multiple supporting vertical plates 5053, and then convenient for taking out the culture matrix and the water-absorbing sponge 17 together.

[0115] In this embodiment, as a preference, the water-absorbing sponge 17 and the plurality of water-absorbing sponge strips 18 are all made of degradable sponges, so that the ginkgo seedlings, the culture matrix, and the water-absorbing sponge 17 can be transplanted as a whole without removing the water-absorbing sponge 17 and the plurality of water-absorbing sponge strips 18. The overall transplantation further improves the survival rate; in addition, the degradable sponge can also provide certain nutrients to the ginkgo seedlings after being decomposed, which is convenient for the growth of the roots of the ginkgo seedlings.

[0116] In this embodiment, in order to improve the stability of the seedling cylinder 503, the number of the support plates 4 is three, two of which are symmetrical about the central axis of the base 501, and the other one is located between the two support plates 4 and is equidistant from the support plates 4 on both sides, that is, three support plates 4 are distributed on the length of the semicircular arc. The stability of the seedling cylinder 503 can be effectively improved by the support of the three support plates 4, and the removal and placement of the water receiving shell 19 will not be affected.

[0117] In this embodiment, in order to realize the timed rotation of the seedling support and the seedling device 5, a timer is arranged on the support seat 1, and the timer is respectively communicated with the first controller. The time is set by the timer so that the electric turntable 6 and the driving device 14 start to rotate to the moving angle according to the preset time, thereby realizing automatic control and reducing manpower input. Manual operation can also be realized through manual intervention in the middle.

[0118] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for raising and transplanting ginkgo seedlings, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Build a nursery room At least one seedling raising support is arranged in the seedling raising room, and a plurality of seedling raising devices (5) are arranged on the seedling raising support; S2. Seed selection Select mature ginkgo fruits that are free of pests and diseases, collect and peel them in autumn, clean them and dry them for later use; S3. Seed pretreatment S31, soaking the seeds selected in step S2 in warm water at 40° C. for 24 hours; S32, using fine sandpaper to gently rub the epidermis of the seeds treated in step S31 to increase its water absorption and air permeability; S4. Planting preparation; S41, selecting soil rich in organic matter and with good drainage as a substrate, adding an appropriate amount of perlite and / or vermiculite to improve the soil structure, and adding an appropriate amount of the mixed substrate into a plurality of seedling raising devices (5); S42, sowing the seeds treated in step S32 in a plurality of seedling raising devices (5), covering them with 1-2 cm thick fine soil, and lightly compacting them; S5. Seedling Management S51. Keep the soil moist, but avoid water accumulation. Use a sprayer to water and keep the soil surface slightly wet. S52. In the early stage of seed germination, provide appropriate shade to avoid direct sunlight. After the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves, gradually increase the light intensity. S53, regularly remove impurities, keep the seedling support and the seedling raising device (5) clean, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests; S6. Fertilization and pruning S61. Apply diluted liquid organic fertilizer once every two weeks during the seedling stage to promote root and leaf growth; S62. When the seedlings reach a height of 10-15 cm, carry out the first pruning, cut off weak branches and overcrowded leaves, and promote the formation of the main trunk; S7. Transplantation and subsequent management S71. Select healthy seedlings and transplant them to the designated environment in spring or autumn, maintaining appropriate spacing between plants and rows; S72. After transplanting, water and fertilize regularly and pay attention to preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests to ensure the healthy growth of ginkgo seedlings.

2. A method for raising and transplanting ginkgo seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling raising room is provided with an environmental synchronization adaptation device; The environmental synchronization adaptation device comprises a first controller, a humidifier, a dehumidifier, a temperature control device, an artificial light source, an indoor temperature and humidity sensor, an indoor light intensity sensor, an indoor carbon dioxide sensor, and an indoor soil pH sensor. The humidifier, dehumidifier, temperature control device, artificial light source, indoor temperature and humidity sensor, indoor light intensity sensor, and indoor carbon dioxide sensor are arranged in the seedling raising room, and the indoor soil pH sensor is arranged in the seedling raising device (5); The humidifier, dehumidifier, temperature control device, artificial light source, indoor temperature and humidity sensor, indoor light intensity sensor, indoor carbon dioxide sensor, and indoor soil pH sensor are respectively connected to the first controller for communication; It also includes a second controller, an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, an outdoor light intensity sensor, an outdoor carbon dioxide sensor, and an outdoor soil pH sensor, wherein the outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, the outdoor light intensity sensor, and the outdoor carbon dioxide sensor are arranged in the area of ​​the transplanting location through a mounting bracket, and the outdoor soil pH sensor is arranged in the soil of the transplanting location; The outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, the outdoor light intensity sensor, the outdoor carbon dioxide sensor, and the outdoor soil pH sensor are respectively connected to the second controller for communication; The second controller is connected to the first controller via a wireless network.

3. A method for raising and transplanting ginkgo seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The seedling raising support comprises a support seat (1), and an inverted U-shaped frame (2) is arranged in the middle of the support seat (1) along its length direction; Fixed rods (3) are obliquely arranged on both sides of both ends of the inverted U-shaped frame (2); one end of the fixed rod (3) is arranged at one of the corners of the support seat (1), and the other end is arranged at the end of the inverted U-shaped frame (2); the two fixed rods (3) at the same end form a herringbone structure; A plurality of support plates (4) are arranged between two fixing rods (3) on the same side of the inverted U-shaped frame (2) and are distributed in a stepped manner, and a plurality of seedling raising devices (5) are arranged on the plurality of support plates (4) via a rotating structure; An electric turntable (6) is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the support seat (1), electric hydraulic legs (7) are arranged at the four corners of the lower surface of the support seat (1), and a universal wheel (8) is arranged at the lower end of each electric hydraulic leg (7); The electric turntable (6) and the electric hydraulic legs (7) are respectively connected to the first controller for communication.

4. A method for raising and transplanting ginkgo seedlings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating structure comprises a plurality of mounting holes (9) arranged on each support plate (4), a rotating disk (10) being arranged in each mounting hole (9) via a bearing, and a plurality of seedling raising devices (5) being respectively located in the plurality of rotating disks (10); A rotating shaft (11) is disposed below each rotating disk (10), the upper end of the rotating shaft (11) is fixedly connected to the corresponding rotating disk (10), the lower end of the rotating shaft (11) is disposed on the support seat (1) via a bearing, and a turbine (12) is disposed on each rotating shaft (11); A rotating rod (13) is provided below each support plate (4), one end of the rotating rod (13) is fixed above the support seat (1) through a column, and a driving device (14) is provided at the other end of the rotating rod (13), an output shaft of the driving device (14) is transmission-connected to one end of the corresponding rotating rod (13), and the driving device (14) is communicatively connected to the first controller; The rotating rod (13) is provided with a plurality of worm gears (15), the number of the plurality of worm gears (15) is the same as the number of the plurality of turbine gears (12) and corresponds one to one, and each worm gear (15) is meshed with the corresponding turbine gear (12).

5. A method for raising and transplanting ginkgo seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The seedling raising device (5) comprises a base (501), the base (501) is located inside the rotating disk (10), a seedling raising cylinder (503) is arranged above the base (501) via a plurality of supporting vertical rods (502), the seedling raising cylinder (503) is fixedly connected to the upper ends of the plurality of supporting vertical rods (502) via a fixing ring (504), and a transplanting frame (505) is detachably arranged inside the seedling raising cylinder (503); The transplanting frame (505) comprises a supporting bottom plate (5051), the diameter of the supporting bottom plate (5051) matches the inner diameter of the seedling raising cylinder (503), and a plurality of ventilation and water permeable holes (5052) are arranged on the supporting bottom plate (5051); A plurality of support vertical plates (5053) are provided at the edge of the support bottom plate (5051) through a hinged structure, and a support block (5055) is provided at the upper end of each support vertical plate (5053) and the two are perpendicular to each other, and each support vertical plate (5053) is in contact with the inner side wall of the seedling raising cylinder (503); An annular groove (5054) is provided at the edge of the upper end surface of the seedling raising cylinder (503), a supporting ring (20) is provided in the annular groove (5054), and the upper surface of the supporting ring (20) is flush with the upper end surface of the seedling raising cylinder (503), and a plurality of supporting blocks (5055) are respectively in contact with the upper surface of the supporting ring (20); A ring-shaped water-absorbing sponge (17) is arranged inside the transplant rack (505), the outer wall of the water-absorbing sponge (17) is in contact with a plurality of supporting vertical plates (5053), and a plurality of water-absorbing sponge strips (18) of equal height are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the water-absorbing sponge (17) along its circumferential direction.

6. A method for raising and transplanting ginkgo seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water receiving housing (19) is provided on the base (501) and is located directly below the seedling raising cylinder (503); the inner diameter of the water receiving housing (19) is greater than the outer diameter of the seedling raising cylinder (503).

7. A method for raising and transplanting ginkgo seedlings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The supporting ring (20) comprises a first semicircular ring (2001) and a second semicircular ring (2002); The first semicircular ring (2001) is provided with a plug rod (21) on both side end surfaces, and the second semicircular ring (2002) is provided with a plug hole (22) matched with the plug rod (21) on both side end surfaces. The two plug rods (21) correspond to the two plug holes (22) respectively. When the first semicircular ring (2001) and the second semicircular ring (2002) together form a circular ring, the two plug rods (21) are respectively located in the two plug holes (22) and the two are interference fit.

8. A method for raising and transplanting ginkgo seedlings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water-absorbing sponge (17) and the plurality of water-absorbing sponge strips (18) are all made of degradable sponges.

9. A method for raising and transplanting ginkgo seedlings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the support vertical plates (5053) is three, two of which are symmetrical about the central axis of the base (501), and the other is located between the two support vertical plates (5053) and is equidistant from the support vertical plates (5053) on both sides.

10. A method for raising and transplanting ginkgo seedlings according to claim 9, characterized in that: The seedling raising room is provided with a timer, and the timer is respectively connected to the first controller for communication.

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