Automatic tool alignment method for asymmetric straight edge type cutter

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic tool alignment method for an asymmetric straight blade cutter. The asymmetric straight blade cutter fixedly connected to a main shaft of a machine tool is automatically aligned by using a laser tool alignment instrument. The automatic tool alignment is performed in multiple steps. In each step, the asymmetric straight blade cutter is moved back and forth along a direction perpendicular to a laser beam of the laser tool alignment instrument to determine the coordinate position of a tool tip point of the asymmetric straight blade cutter. Then, the asymmetric straight blade cutter is rotated to determine the zero position angle of the cutter. After the zero position angle is determined, the cutting edge position of the cutter is determined according to the relationship between the tool alignment retreat amount and the rotation angle of the tool alignment. Thus, the zero position angle of the cutter can be determined, and the cutting edge position of the cutter can be automatically analyzed. The application can ensure that the cutter edge surface is attached to a workpiece during subsequent cutting processing, so that the processing is smoothly performed, the time cost of manual tool alignment is reduced, and the efficiency and tool alignment accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultrasonic machining technology, and in particular to an automatic tool setting method for asymmetric straight-edged cutting tools. Background Technology

[0002] Honeycomb material is a novel composite material, named for its hexagonal, honeycomb-like core layer. It boasts advantages such as low density, lightweight, sound and heat insulation, and higher strength and rigidity, making it widely used in sandwich components with stringent design requirements in aerospace, military, and other fields. For the processing of honeycomb materials, ultrasonic machining is often the optimal choice and represents a significant development direction. Before machining honeycomb materials, tool setting is a crucial process prior to CNC machining. However, the tool setting requirements for ultrasonic straight-edged tools differ from traditional CNC machining. During ultrasonic asymmetric straight-edged tool cutting, the cutting edge angle needs to be adjusted according to the cutting path. Therefore, in addition to obtaining the Z-coordinate information of the tool vertex, the initial zero-position angle information of the asymmetric straight-edged tool is also required during tool setting to provide a basis for the accurate positioning of the cutting edge of the asymmetric straight-edged tool in the workpiece coordinate system.

[0003] However, current technologies for asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tools still rely on traditional manual tool setting methods. This method requires machine operators to repeatedly use tools such as dial indicators to adjust and obtain the initial zero-position angle information, and then perform multiple actual cuts to verify the accuracy of the zero-position angle and compensate for any deviations in real time. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also suffers from poor machining accuracy and stability, severely impacting the stability and reliability of the spindle during cutting, and consequently affecting the accuracy and efficiency of honeycomb material processing. Therefore, an automatic tool setting method for asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tools is urgently needed.

[0004] The above background information is provided only to aid in understanding the concept and technical solution of this invention. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this patent application. In the absence of clear evidence that the above information was disclosed on the filing date of this patent application, the above background information should not be used to evaluate the novelty and inventiveness of this application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses an automatic tool setting method for asymmetric straight-edged tools used in ultrasonic cutting of honeycomb materials. This method enables automated and high-precision tool setting for both conventional straight-edged tools and special asymmetric tools, and corrects the starting angle of the asymmetric straight-edged tool to ensure smooth subsequent cutting processes. This reduces the time cost of manual tool setting and improves tool setting accuracy and processing efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention discloses an automatic tool setting method for an asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tool, including the steps of determining the zero-position angle of the asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tool and determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tool; wherein,

[0008] The steps for determining the zero-position angle of the asymmetric straight-edged tool include: using a laser tool setter to automatically set the asymmetric straight-edged tool fixedly connected to the machine tool spindle. The automatic tool setting is divided into multiple steps, in which the tool is set sequentially. In each step, the tool is first moved back and forth along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setter to determine the coordinate position of the tool tip of the asymmetric straight-edged tool based on whether the laser beam is blocked. Then, the asymmetric straight-edged tool is rotated in both forward and reverse directions sequentially to calculate the zero-position angle of the asymmetric straight-edged tool based on whether the laser beam is blocked.

[0009] The steps for determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edged tool include:

[0010] Obtain the tool rotation angle value: Return the asymmetrical straight-edged tool to the initial tool setting position, and move it towards the laser beam in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting device until it just blocks the laser beam. Then move it away from the laser beam in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting device by a preset tool retraction amount, and rotate the asymmetrical straight-edged tool until it blocks the laser beam to obtain the tool rotation angle value.

[0011] Determine the cutting edge position: Determine the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-blade tool based on the relationship between the tool rotation angle and the tool retraction amount.

[0012] Preferably, before determining the cutting edge position, the method further includes a step of repeatedly acquiring the tool rotation angle value and comparing the two acquired tool rotation angle values. If the difference between the two acquired tool rotation angle values ​​is within a preset range, the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-blade tool is determined according to the relationship between the tool rotation angle value and the tool retraction amount.

[0013] Preferably, the step of determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edged tool includes:

[0014] B1: Rotate and align the machine tool spindle to the zero position angle;

[0015] B2: Return the asymmetrical straight-edged tool to its initial tool setting position, set the tool setting retraction amount, and determine the moving feed speed, spindle rotation speed, and rotation direction of the asymmetrical straight-edged tool.

[0016] B3: Move the asymmetric straight-edged tool at the moving feed speed along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setter, towards the laser beam, until the laser beam is blocked and the movement stops.

[0017] B4: The asymmetric straight-edged tool is moved away from the laser beam along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setter at the moving feed speed, and the distance moved is the tool retraction amount;

[0018] B5: Rotate the asymmetric straight-edged tool according to the spindle rotation speed and the rotation direction until the laser beam is blocked, and obtain the tool rotation angle value;

[0019] B6: Repeat steps B1 to B5 at least once to obtain at least one tool rotation angle value;

[0020] B7: Compare any two tool rotation angle values ​​among the multiple tool rotation angle values ​​obtained. If the difference between any two tool rotation angle values ​​is within a preset range, determine the position of the asymmetric straight-blade tool based on the relationship between the tool rotation angle value and the tool retraction amount.

[0021] Preferably, if the difference between two tool rotation angle values ​​is not within the preset range, then return to repeat step B6, and reduce the moving feed speed and spindle rotation speed when repeating step B2 in the repeated execution of step B6.

[0022] Preferably, in step B6, steps B1 to B5 are repeated once or twice to obtain one or two tool rotation angle values.

[0023] Preferably, determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edged tool based on the relationship between the tool rotation angle and the tool retraction amount specifically includes:

[0024] a) When the tool rotation angle value θ 11 The relationship between the tool retraction amount L1 and the following formula indicates that the cutting edge of the asymmetric straight-blade tool is close to the laser beam;

[0025] θ 11 +θ 21 +θ 31 =90°

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the sidewall of the tool, A2 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the tip of the tool cutting edge, and θ 21 It is the rotation angle θ 11The angle θ between A2 and the horizontal direction. 31 It is the angle between A2 and the vertical direction before rotation;

[0028] b. When the tool rotation angle value θ 12 The relationship between the tool retraction amount L1 and the following formula indicates that the cutting edge of the asymmetric straight-blade tool is far away from the laser beam;

[0029] θ 12 +θ 22 +θ 32 =90°

[0030]

[0031] In the formula, A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the sidewall of the tool, A3 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the intersection of the cutting edge and the sidewall of the tool, and θ 22 It is the rotation angle θ 12 The angle θ between A3 and the horizontal direction. 32 It is the angle between A3 and the vertical direction before rotation;

[0032] c. When the tool rotation angle value θ 14 The relationship between the tool retraction amount L3 and the laser beam is as follows. When the asymmetric straight-blade tool rotates to face the light, the laser beam interferes with both the non-cutting blade surface and the cutting blade surface. This indicates that the non-cutting blade surface of the asymmetric straight-blade tool is close to the laser beam.

[0033] θ=θ 311 +θ 411 =θ 31 +θ 41 =θ 14

[0034]

[0035] In the formula, θ is the cutting edge angle of the asymmetric straight-edged tool, A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the sidewall of the tool, and A2 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the tip of the cutting edge. 41 It is the rotation angle θ 14 The angle θ between A2 and the vertical direction. 31 θ is the angle between A2 before rotation and the vertical direction. 411 It is θ 41 Alternate interior angles, θ 311 It is θ 31 Alternate interior angles;

[0036] d. When the tool rotation angle value θ 13The relationship between the tool retraction amount L2 and the laser beam is as follows. When the asymmetric straight-blade tool rotates to face the light, there is interference between the laser beam and the cutting edge. This indicates that the non-cutting edge of the asymmetric straight-blade tool is close to the laser beam.

[0037] θ 23 +θ 13 -θ 31 =90°

[0038]

[0039] θ 31 =θ 312

[0040] In the formula, A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the sidewall of the tool, A2 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the tip of the tool cutting edge, and θ 23 It is the rotation angle θ 13 The angle θ between A2 and the horizontal direction. 31 θ is the angle between A2 before rotation and the vertical direction. 312 It is the angle between A2 and the side wall of the tool.

[0041] Preferably, the tool retraction amount is less than half the length of the two sides of the asymmetrical straight-edged tool, and is greater than or equal to the detection accuracy of the laser tool setter.

[0042] Preferably, the step of determining the zero-position angle of the asymmetric straight-edged cutting tool specifically includes:

[0043] A1: Set the tool setting position of the asymmetrical straight-edged tool and move the machine tool spindle to the tool setting position;

[0044] A2: Set the total number of tool-setting steps n, and the tool-setting retraction amount used in each step;

[0045] A3: Start the i-th step of tool setting, move the machine tool spindle along the first feed direction until the laser beam is blocked and stop moving;

[0046] A4: Retract the machine tool spindle along the second feed direction, the retraction distance being the tool retraction amount of the i-th step, wherein the second feed direction is opposite to the first feed direction;

[0047] A5: Rotate the machine tool spindle along the first rotation direction until the laser beam is blocked and the rotation stops, and record the angle value SP of the machine tool spindle at this time. i1 ;

[0048] A6: Rotate the machine tool spindle along the second rotation direction until the laser beam is blocked and the rotation stops, and record the angle value SP of the machine tool spindle at this time. i2The second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction;

[0049] A7: Based on the angle value SP of the machine tool spindle recorded in step A5. i1 The angle value SP of the machine tool spindle recorded in step A6 i2 Calculate the tool setting angle SP in step i. i3 ;

[0050] A8: Rotate the machine tool spindle and adjust its angle to the tool setting angle SP calculated in step A7 (step i). i3 Complete the i-th step of tool setting;

[0051] A9: Determine if i is less than n. If yes, let i = i + 1 and return to step A3. If no, the tool setting ends. Record the angle of the machine tool spindle at this time as the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edged tool.

[0052] When step A3 is executed for the first time, i is set to 1.

[0053] Preferably, the formula for calculating the tool setting angle SPi3 in step i of step A7 is:

[0054]

[0055] Preferably, the first feed direction is a movement from the tool setting position along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting device, and the first rotation direction is a clockwise or counterclockwise rotation around the Z-axis of the machine tool spindle.

[0056] Step A2 includes: setting the total number of tool setting steps n, setting the tool setting feed speed used in step i+1 to be less than the tool setting feed speed used in step i, setting the tool setting spindle rotation speed used in step i+1 to be less than the tool setting spindle rotation speed used in step i, setting the tool setting retraction amount used in step i+1 to be less than the tool setting retraction amount used in step i, and the tool setting retraction amount used in each step is not less than the detection accuracy of the laser tool setting instrument;

[0057] In step A3, moving the machine tool spindle along the first feed direction specifically means moving the machine tool spindle along the first feed direction at the tool setting feed speed of step i.

[0058] Step A4, retracting the machine tool spindle along the second feed direction, specifically includes: retracting the machine tool spindle along the second feed direction at the tool setting feed speed of step i;

[0059] In step A5, rotating the machine tool spindle along the first rotation direction specifically means rotating the machine tool spindle along the first rotation direction at the tool setting spindle rotation speed of step i.

[0060] In step A6, rotating the machine tool spindle along the second rotation direction specifically means rotating the machine tool spindle along the second rotation direction at the tool setting spindle rotation speed of step i.

[0061] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The automatic tool setting method for asymmetrical straight-edged tools proposed in this invention solves the problem that existing single-beam laser tool setting devices cannot achieve angle tool setting for asymmetrical straight-edged tools. It also enables asymmetrical straight-edged tools to automatically and accurately distinguish one side of the cutting surface, saving time and effort, providing good precision and stability, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the spindle cutting acoustic system, thereby improving the precision and efficiency of honeycomb material processing. Furthermore, compared with traditional symmetrical tools, single-sided cutting tools concentrate the cutting force on one side, resulting in a relatively concentrated cutting force. This allows for better control of the cutting path during the processing of workpiece edges or specific shapes, offering greater flexibility. The optimized tool setting method for asymmetrical tools reduces the time spent on manual tool setting and minimizes the decrease in processing accuracy caused by tool setting errors. Moreover, this method can complete tool setting without modifying or adjusting the laser tool setting equipment, reducing equipment adjustment costs. Attached Figure Description

[0062] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the asymmetric straight-edged tool setting system of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 This is a side view of the asymmetric straight-edged tool setting system of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of finding the zero-position angle for an asymmetric straight-blade cutting tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the determination of the cutting edge of an asymmetric straight-blade cutting tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 5 This is a top cross-sectional view of the asymmetric straight-blade tool setting case 1 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 6 This is a top cross-sectional view of the asymmetric straight-blade tool setting case 2 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 7 This is a top cross-sectional view of the asymmetric straight-blade tool setting case 3 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 8 This is a top cross-sectional view of the asymmetric straight-blade tool setting case 4 in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0070] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention.

[0071] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component. Furthermore, a connection can be used for both fixing and circuit / signal connectivity.

[0072] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0073] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0074] Laser non-contact tool setting is a method that uses a laser line projected onto the tool being tested, and then obtains tool parameters through the information from the blocked light. It has advantages such as simple operation, low effort, and high accuracy and stability, and is a developing trend in modern CNC machining tool setting. However, this laser non-contact tool setting method is currently only applicable to conventional cylindrical rotary tools such as milling cutters, drills, and grinding heads, where only the Z-coordinate of the tool tip and the tool diameter need to be determined. It cannot be applied to asymmetric straight-edged tools that require additional information such as the zero-position angle. This invention, based on the structural characteristics of honeycomb sandwich structure ultrasonic asymmetric straight-edged tools, proposes an automatic tool setting method for asymmetric straight-edged tools based on a laser tool setting instrument.

[0075] Compared to ordinary straight-edged cutting tools, special single-sided cutting straight-edged tools, in addition to requiring initial zero-position angle information, also need to confirm the position of the cutting edge face to ensure that the cutting edge direction is the direction required during machining. A single-sided cutting tool refers to a tool whose cutting edge has a cutting function only on one side, while the other side is a flat surface. This design is typically used for specific machining needs, such as finish cutting, trimming, or specific shaping processes. Its advantages include allowing the cutting edge to be on only one side, more effectively concentrating cutting force, and being suitable for machining tasks requiring high precision and surface finish. Furthermore, because the contact surface between the tool and the workpiece is a flat surface, it facilitates control over the depth of cut and cutting direction.

[0076] An embodiment of the present invention discloses an automatic tool setting method for an asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tool, including the steps of determining the zero-position angle of the asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tool and determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tool.

[0077] The steps for determining the zero-position angle of an asymmetric straight-edged tool include: using a laser tool setter to automatically set the asymmetric straight-edged tool fixed to the machine tool spindle. The automatic tool setting is divided into multiple steps. In each step, the tool is first moved back and forth along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setter to determine the coordinate position of the tool tip of the asymmetric straight-edged tool based on whether the laser beam is blocked. Then, the asymmetric straight-edged tool is rotated in both forward and reverse directions to calculate the zero-position angle of the asymmetric straight-edged tool based on whether the laser beam is blocked.

[0078] The steps for determining the cutting edge position of an asymmetric straight-edged tool include: after determining the zero-position angle, returning the asymmetric straight-edged tool to its initial tool-setting position, moving it towards the laser beam until it is just blocked, then moving it back in the opposite direction by a certain amount, rotating the tool until it blocks the laser beam and recording the rotation angle value. This process is repeated twice, recording the rotation angle value. The two values ​​are then analyzed and compared to determine if there is a significant difference. If there is no difference, the cutting edge position is determined by referring to the relationship between the rotation angle and the backlash value. If the difference is significant, the tool-setting count is reset, and the process is repeated until the difference in rotation angle values ​​between the two tool-setting values ​​is small. Finally, the cutting edge position is determined by referring to the relationship between the rotation angle and the backlash value.

[0079] The theoretical basis of this invention, which uses a laser tool setting device, is that although asymmetrical straight-edged tools lack symmetry on both sides, they exhibit symmetry at the cutting edge. By utilizing the rotation of the spindle to contact a laser, the zero-position angle information can be calculated. For example... Figure 1The diagram shows a schematic of the entire asymmetric straight-edged tool setting system. This system includes a laser tool setter 1 and an asymmetric straight-edged tool 2. The main functional components of the laser tool setter 1 include a laser emitter 101 and a laser receiver 102. The laser emitter 101 emits a laser beam 301 to the laser receiver 102. If the laser beam 301 is blocked (or partially blocked) by an object, the laser receiver 102 cannot receive the laser signal (or the received laser signal is weakened), and the laser tool setter 1 sends a blocking signal back to the machine tool CNC system. When installing the laser tool setter 1, it is generally necessary to ensure that the laser emitter 101 and the laser receiver 102 have the same Z-coordinate in the machine tool coordinate system. Preferably, the laser beam 301 is parallel to the X-axis or Y-axis of the machine tool coordinate system.

[0080] The center position of the asymmetrical straight-edged tool 2 coincides with the spindle center position 201. Tool setting is performed by adjusting the spindle center position 201 during the tool setting process. Figure 2 Tool setting position 302 is a specific position that the machine tool spindle needs to move to at the start of the tool setting process. At this position, the asymmetric straight-edged tool 2 is located near the laser beam. The Z-coordinate of the laser beam 301 is located between the maximum and minimum Z-coordinates of the cutting edge portion of the asymmetric straight-edged tool 2 (where the maximum Z-coordinate of the cutting edge of the asymmetric straight-edged tool 2 is represented as 309, and the minimum Z-coordinate of the cutting edge of the asymmetric straight-edged tool 2 is represented as 310). The cross-sectional length 307 of the asymmetric straight-edged tool 2 is the length of the cross-section of the asymmetric straight-edged tool 2 that is the same as the laser beam Z-coordinate 311. The cross-sectional width 308 of the asymmetric straight-edged tool 2 is the width of the cross-section of the asymmetric straight-edged tool 2. 2. The width of the cross section with the same Z coordinate 311 as the laser beam, the vertical distance from the spindle center position 201 to the laser beam 301 is greater than half the length of the cross section of the asymmetric straight-edged tool 2, and the distance from the intersection of the vertical line from the spindle center position 201 to the laser beam 301 and the laser beam 301 to the laser emitter 101 and the laser receiver 102 is greater than half the length of the cross section 307 of the asymmetric straight-edged tool 2; therefore, when selecting the hardware of the laser tool setter 1 and the tool setting position, it is necessary to ensure that the distance between the laser emitter 101 and the laser receiver 102 of the laser tool setter 1, that is, the length of the laser beam 301, is greater than the length of the cross section 307 of the asymmetric straight-edged tool 2.

[0081] like Figure 1 The first feed direction 303 is the direction from the tool setting position 302 towards the laser beam 301 along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam 301; the second feed direction 304 is the opposite direction of the first feed direction 303. The first rotation direction 305 is the direction of rotation clockwise (or counterclockwise) along the Z-axis of the machine tool, and the second rotation direction 306 is the opposite of the first rotation direction 305, which is the direction of rotation counterclockwise (or clockwise) along the Z-axis of the machine tool.

[0082] The automatic tool setting method for asymmetric straight-edged cutting tools proposed in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes two main steps: the first part is the process of finding the initial zero-position angle of the asymmetric straight-edged cutting tool, and the second part is the process of analyzing and determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edged cutting tool.

[0083] like Figure 3 The diagram shows the first part of the automatic tool setting method for asymmetric straight-edged tools proposed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the process steps for finding the initial zero-position angle of the asymmetric straight-edged tool. This step specifically includes:

[0084] A1: Set the asymmetric straight-edged tool setting position and move the spindle to that position.

[0085] A2: Set the total number of tool setting steps n, as well as the tool setting feed rate, tool setting spindle rotation speed, and tool setting retraction amount used in each step.

[0086] The number of tool setting steps, n, is determined based on the required machining accuracy of the tool. Higher accuracy requirements necessitate more tool setting steps and a longer setting time; for example, 3 to 5 steps are acceptable. The tool setting feed rate and spindle rotation speed are primarily determined by the laser accuracy of the tool setter. Higher accuracy and sensitivity of the tool setter allow for faster feed and rotation speeds, while lower accuracy necessitates reducing speeds to maintain accuracy. The tool setting retraction amount should be set from largest to smallest. The minimum retraction amount is determined by the laser accuracy; higher laser accuracy and sensitivity allow for smaller retraction amounts and lower tool setting errors. However, the retraction distance must not be less than the detection accuracy of the laser tool setter.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, the tool setting feed rate, the tool setting spindle rotation speed, and the tool setting retraction amount are all gradually reduced, that is, the tool setting feed rate, the tool setting spindle rotation speed, and the tool setting retraction amount in the (i+1)th step are less than the tool setting feed rate, the tool setting spindle rotation speed, and the tool setting retraction amount in the ith step, respectively.

[0088] A3: Step i: Tool setting (i = 1, 2, ..., n, initial value is 1), move the spindle along the first feed direction and the tool setting feed speed of step i. If the laser is blocked during the movement, stop moving.

[0089] The first feed direction is the direction from the tool setting position towards the laser beam, which is perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting instrument.

[0090] A4: After the spindle stops moving, the spindle is retracted along the second feed direction at the i-th step tool setting feed speed, and the retraction distance is equal to the i-th step tool setting retraction amount;

[0091] The second feed direction is opposite to the first feed direction.

[0092] A5: Rotate the spindle along the first rotation direction and at the spindle rotation speed of step i. If the laser is blocked during the rotation, stop the rotation immediately and record the spindle angle SP value at this time. i1 .

[0093] The first rotation direction is the direction of clockwise or counterclockwise rotation around the Z-axis of the machine tool spindle.

[0094] A6: Rotate the spindle along the second rotation direction and at the spindle rotation speed of the i-th step tool setting. If the laser is blocked during rotation, stop the rotation and record the spindle angle SP value at this time. i2 .

[0095] The second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction.

[0096] A7: Calculate the tool setting angle SPi3 in step i. The formula for calculating the tool setting angle in step i is:

[0097]

[0098] A8: Rotate the spindle and adjust the SP angle value to SP. i3 Complete the i-th step of tool setting.

[0099] A9: If i is less than n, then i = i + 1, and repeat steps A3 to A8; otherwise, end the tool setting. Record the spindle angle SP at this time as the spindle angle zero point SP0.

[0100] For asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tools, after finding the initial zero-angle step, it is also necessary to automatically identify the position of the cutting edge. For example... Figure 4 The diagram shows the second part of the automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edged tool proposed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the process steps for analyzing and determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edged tool. This step specifically includes:

[0101] B1: For asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tools, after determining the zero-position angle of the tool, the tool is moved to the tool setting position set in A1.

[0102] B2: Set the number of rotational tool setting steps, as well as the tool setting feed rate, spindle speed, and tool setting retraction amount used for each tool setting step;

[0103] In a specific embodiment, it is recommended to set the number of rotational tool setting operations to less than 3 times. If higher precision is required, more tool setting operations can be performed.

[0104] In a specific embodiment, the tool retraction amount must be less than half the length of the cutting edges on both sides of the tool to ensure that the asymmetrical straight-edged tool can block the laser beam emitted by the laser tool setting device during tool setting, and the tool retraction amount must not be less than the detection accuracy of the tool setting device. The tool setting feed rate and spindle rotation speed settings need to be set with reference to the detection accuracy of the machine tool and the tool setting device.

[0105] The specific details regarding the tool retraction amount and the different positions of the tool cutting edge can be divided into... Figures 5 to 8 These four situations:

[0106] like Figure 5 As shown, when the cutting edge of the tool is close to the laser beam 301, and the tool retraction amount L1 is set, when the tool rotation angle is θ 11 At this time, one end of the cutting edge of the tool interferes with the laser beam 301, and the laser beam is in an open-circuit state as indicated by the system feedback. At this point, the rotation angle θ can be calculated. 11 The relationship between the tool retraction amount L1 and the tool setting is as follows:

[0107] θ 11 +θ 21 +θ 31 =90°

[0108]

[0109] In the formula, A1 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tool sidewall, A2 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tool cutting edge tip, and θ 21 It is the rotation angle θ 11 The angle θ between A2 and the horizontal direction. 31 It is the angle between A2 and the vertical direction before rotation, where the tool specifications are known, namely A1, A2, and θ. 31 All values ​​are known, with L1 being a set value that is also known, so θ can be calculated. 21 Value, and determine θ 21 The relationship between the value and the numerical value L1.

[0110] like Figure 6 As shown, when the cutting edge of the tool is far away from the laser beam 301, and the tool retraction amount is set to L1, when the tool rotation angle is θ 12 At this time, one end of the non-tool cutting edge interferes with the laser beam 301, and the laser beam is in an open-circuit state as indicated by the system feedback. At this point, the rotation angle θ can be calculated. 12 The relationship between the tool retraction amount L1 and the tool retraction amount is as follows:

[0111] θ 12 +θ 22 +θ 32 =90°

[0112]

[0113] In the formula, A1 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tool sidewall, A3 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the intersection of the tool cutting edge and the tool sidewall, and θ 22 It is the rotation angle θ 12 The angle θ between A3 and the horizontal direction. 32 It is the angle between A3 and the vertical direction before rotation, where the tool specifications are known, namely A1, A3, and θ. 32 All values ​​are known, with L1 being a set value that is also known, so θ can be calculated. 22 Value, and determine θ 22 The relationship between the value and the numerical value L1.

[0114] like Figure 7 As shown, when the non-cutting edge of the tool is close to the laser beam 301, the interference position when the laser beam 301 is broken varies depending on the length of the tool retraction. When the tool retraction is set to L3, the laser beam 301 interferes with both the non-cutting and cutting edges when the tool rotates to align with the light. The rotation angle θ can be calculated from this. 14 The relationship between the tool retraction amount L3 and the tool setting retraction amount is as follows:

[0115] θ 14 =θ 31 +θ 41

[0116] Since the central axis auxiliary line 312 is parallel to the cutting edge and non-cutting edge of the laser beam 301 tool, and since the interior angles of the two parallel lines are equal, θ can be determined. 31 =θ 311 θ 41 =θ 411 ,Depend on Figure 7 As shown, we can obtain:

[0117] θ=θ 311 +θ 411 =θ 31 +θ 41 =θ 14

[0118]

[0119] In the formula, the cutting edge angle θ is the specification parameter of the tool, A1 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tool sidewall, A2 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tool cutting edge tip, and θ 41 It is the rotation angle θ 14 The angle θ between A2 and the vertical direction. 31 θ is the angle between A2 before rotation and the vertical direction.411 It is θ 41 Alternate interior angles, θ 311 It is θ 31 Alternate interior angles, where θ 31 θ 311 θ 41 θ 411 A1 and A2 are known values, and L3 is the set value. The rotation angle θ can be calculated from these values. 14 The relationship between the tool retraction amount L3 and the tool setting retraction amount is as above; therefore, when the tool retraction amount is set to L3, the tool rotation angle is the tool cutting angle θ, and the laser beam 301 interferes with both the non-cutting cutting surface and the cutting cutting surface.

[0120] like Figure 8 As shown, when the non-cutting edge of the tool is close to the laser beam 301, and the tool retraction is L2, when the tool rotates to align with the light, there is interference between the cutting edge of the tool and the laser beam 301. Figure 8 It can be known that:

[0121] θ 23 +θ 13 -θ 31 =90°

[0122]

[0123] θ 31 =θ 312

[0124] In the formula, A1 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tool sidewall, A2 is the distance between the spindle center position 201 and the tool cutting edge tip, and θ 23 It is the rotation angle θ 13 The angle θ between A2 and the horizontal direction. 31 θ is the angle between A2 before rotation and the vertical direction. 312 It is the angle between A2 and the sidewall of the tool, where the tool's specifications are known, namely A1, A2, and θ. 31 θ 23 θ 312 All values ​​are known, with L2 being a set value that is also known, so the rotation angle θ can be calculated. 13 The value of θ is determined. 13 The relationship between the value and the numerical value L2.

[0125] Based on the above four different situations, the relationship between the rotation angle and the tool retraction value when different cutting edges are facing the light can be obtained. Since the rotation angle of the tool is displayed in the machine tool system during the light alignment, in the actual light alignment test, it is only necessary to set the corresponding tool retraction value, and then determine the position of the cutting edge and non-cutting edge based on the output value of the tool rotation angle facing the light.

[0126] B3: Move the asymmetric straight-edged tool 2 mounted on the spindle toward one side (direction 303) of the laser beam 301 emitted by the laser tool setter 1 until the laser beam 301 is blocked, at which point the asymmetric straight-edged tool 22 mounted on the spindle stops moving.

[0127] B4: Retract along the opposite direction 304 of the feed direction 303 in step B3. The retraction distance is the size of the tool retraction amount L, where L is the value of... Figures 5-8 The three cases are L1, L2, and L3;

[0128] B5: The asymmetrical straight-edged tool 2 mounted on the spindle rotates along direction 306 around the spindle center position 201. Due to the symmetry of the two sides of the tool's cutting edge, the selected directions 306 and 305 have the same effect on the subsequent output and will not cause any impact. When the laser beam 301 is blocked, the value of the machine tool spindle rotation angle α1 is recorded.

[0129] B6: Position the asymmetrical straight-edged tool 2 mounted on the spindle to the zero angle SP0, and move the asymmetrical straight-edged tool 2 mounted on the spindle to the initial tool setting position 302 of step B2 with the same feed rate, rotation speed and rotation direction for a second tool setting;

[0130] B7: Repeat steps B4, B5, and B6 to obtain the second spindle rotation angle value α2. If the two spindle rotation angle values ​​are the same or differ by less than ±0.5° (or the absolute value of the difference is less than 1°), then the correctness of the spindle rotation angle value is confirmed. Based on the spindle rotation angle value α1 and the second spindle rotation angle value α2, the spindle rotation angle value α is determined. If the values ​​are inconsistent or the output spindle rotation angle values ​​differ significantly, repeat step B7 again, and consider adjusting the tool setting feed rate and spindle rotation speed values ​​set in step B2 (for example, appropriately reducing the tool setting feed rate and spindle rotation speed values ​​set in step B2) to ensure that two approximate values ​​are obtained with high accuracy.

[0131] B8: By substituting the spindle rotation angle α into and replacing θ in the above formula... 11 θ 12 θ 13 θ 14 The value of the calculated result and the magnitude of the tool retraction L are used to determine whether it conforms to the standard. Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 By observing which state in the diagram, it can be determined that one side of the asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tool is the cutting surface of the blade.

[0132] The entire tool setting process in this specific embodiment takes about two minutes (depending on the initial angle), and the accuracy of the tool setting device needs to be within 0.2° to ensure the feasibility of this patented embodiment.

[0133] The asymmetric straight-edged tool setting method proposed in the preferred embodiment of this invention solves the problems of existing single-beam laser tool setting instruments being unable to achieve angle setting of asymmetric straight-edged tools and unable to determine the position of the cutting edge of the tool. This enables asymmetric straight-edged tools to achieve automatic tool setting, automatically corrects the cutting edge to keep consistent with the workpiece during cutting, saves time and effort, and has good accuracy and stability. It not only ensures the stability and reliability of the spindle cutting acoustic system, but also improves the accuracy and efficiency of honeycomb material processing.

[0134] This invention enables automated, high-precision tool setting, corrects the starting angle of asymmetrical straight-edged tools, ensures the fit between the tool cutting surface and the workpiece during subsequent cutting processes, guarantees smooth processing, reduces the time cost of manual tool setting, and improves efficiency and tool setting accuracy.

[0135] The automatic tool setting method for asymmetric straight-edged tools proposed in this invention does not require setting the tool by the width of the laser beam blocked by the tool, but only requires a single-beam laser. This reduces the requirements for laser testing hardware in the tool setting process of asymmetric straight-edged tools. It can use mature laser tool setting instruments currently on the market, or it can be independently developed using laser switches.

[0136] The background section of this invention may include background information about the problems or circumstances surrounding the invention, rather than a description of prior art by others. Therefore, the content included in the background section is not an admission of prior art by the applicant.

[0137] The above description provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific / preferred embodiments, and it should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various substitutions or modifications can be made to these described embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such substitutions or modifications should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of this specification, the reference to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "preferred embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicates that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without contradiction. Although the embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic tool setting method for an asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tool, characterized in that, This includes the steps of determining the zero-position angle of the asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tool and determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tool; wherein, The steps for determining the zero-position angle of the asymmetric straight-edged tool include: using a laser tool setter to automatically set the asymmetric straight-edged tool fixedly connected to the machine tool spindle. The automatic tool setting is divided into multiple steps, in which the tool is set sequentially. In each step, the tool is first moved back and forth along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setter to determine the coordinate position of the tool tip of the asymmetric straight-edged tool based on whether the laser beam is blocked. Then, the asymmetric straight-edged tool is rotated in both forward and reverse directions sequentially to calculate the zero-position angle of the asymmetric straight-edged tool based on whether the laser beam is blocked. The steps for determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edged tool include: Obtain the tool rotation angle value: Return the asymmetrical straight-edged tool to the initial tool setting position, and move it towards the laser beam in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting device until it just blocks the laser beam. Then move it away from the laser beam in a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setting device by a preset tool retraction amount, and rotate the asymmetrical straight-edged tool until it blocks the laser beam to obtain the tool rotation angle value. Determine the cutting edge position: Determine the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-blade tool based on the relationship between the tool rotation angle and the tool retraction amount; Specifically, determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-blade tool based on the relationship between the tool rotation angle and the tool retraction amount includes: a) When the tool rotation angle value θ 11 The relationship between the tool retraction amount L1 and the following formula indicates that the cutting edge of the asymmetric straight-blade tool is close to the laser beam; In the formula, A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the sidewall of the tool, A2 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the tip of the tool cutting edge, and θ 21 It is the rotation angle θ 11 The angle θ between A2 and the horizontal direction. 31 It is the angle between A2 and the vertical direction before rotation; b. When the tool rotation angle value θ 12 The relationship between the tool retraction amount L1 and the following formula indicates that the cutting edge of the asymmetric straight-blade tool is far away from the laser beam; In the formula, A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the sidewall of the tool, A3 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the intersection of the cutting edge and the sidewall of the tool, and θ 22 It is the rotation angle θ 12 The angle θ between A3 and the horizontal direction. 32 It is the angle between A3 and the vertical direction before rotation; c. When the tool rotation angle value θ 14 The relationship between the tool retraction amount L3 and the laser beam is as follows. When the asymmetric straight-blade tool rotates to face the light, the laser beam interferes with both the non-cutting blade surface and the cutting blade surface. This indicates that the non-cutting blade surface of the asymmetric straight-blade tool is close to the laser beam. In the formula, θ is the cutting edge angle of the asymmetric straight-edged tool, A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the sidewall of the tool, and A2 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the tip of the cutting edge. 41 It is the rotation angle θ 14 The angle θ between A2 and the vertical direction. 31 θ is the angle between A2 before rotation and the vertical direction. 411 It is θ 41 Alternate interior angles, θ 311 It is θ 31 Alternate interior angles; d. When the tool rotation angle value θ 13 The relationship between the tool retraction amount L2 and the laser beam is as follows. When the asymmetric straight-blade tool rotates to face the light, there is interference between the laser beam and the cutting edge. This indicates that the non-cutting edge of the asymmetric straight-blade tool is close to the laser beam. In the formula, A1 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the sidewall of the tool, A2 is the distance between the center of the machine tool spindle and the tip of the tool cutting edge, and θ 23 It is the rotation angle θ 13 The angle θ between A2 and the horizontal direction. 31 θ is the angle between A2 before rotation and the vertical direction. 312 It is the angle between A2 and the side wall of the tool.

2. The automatic tool setting method for asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining the cutting edge position, the process includes repeatedly acquiring the tool rotation angle value and comparing the two acquired tool rotation angle values. If the difference between the two acquired tool rotation angle values ​​is within a preset range, the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-blade tool is determined based on the relationship between the tool rotation angle value and the tool retraction amount.

3. The automatic tool setting method for asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for determining the cutting edge position of the asymmetric straight-edged tool include: B1: Rotate and align the machine tool spindle to the zero position angle; B2: Return the asymmetrical straight-edged tool to its initial tool setting position, set the tool setting retraction amount, and determine the moving feed speed, spindle rotation speed, and rotation direction of the asymmetrical straight-edged tool. B3: Move the asymmetric straight-edged tool at the moving feed speed along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setter, towards the laser beam, until the laser beam is blocked and the movement stops. B4: The asymmetric straight-edged tool is moved away from the laser beam along a direction perpendicular to the laser beam of the laser tool setter at the moving feed speed, and the distance moved is the tool retraction amount; B5: Rotate the asymmetric straight-edged tool according to the spindle rotation speed and the rotation direction until the laser beam is blocked, and obtain the tool rotation angle value; B6: Repeat steps B1 to B5 at least once to obtain at least one tool rotation angle value; B7: Compare any two tool rotation angle values ​​among the multiple tool rotation angle values ​​obtained. If the difference between any two tool rotation angle values ​​is within a preset range, determine the position of the asymmetric straight-blade tool based on the relationship between the tool rotation angle value and the tool retraction amount.

4. The automatic tool setting method for asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tools according to claim 3, characterized in that, If the difference between two tool rotation angle values ​​is outside the preset range, return to repeat step B6, and reduce the traverse feed rate and spindle rotation rate when repeating step B2 in the repeat execution of step B6.

5. The automatic tool setting method for asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tools according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step B6, repeat steps B1 to B5 once or twice to obtain one or two tool rotation angle values.

6. The automatic tool setting method for asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool retraction amount is less than half the length of the two sides of the asymmetrical straight-edged tool, and is greater than or equal to the detection accuracy of the laser tool setter.

7. The automatic tool setting method for asymmetrical straight-edged cutting tools according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for determining the zero-position angle of the asymmetric straight-edged cutting tool specifically include: A1: Set the tool setting position of the asymmetrical straight-edged tool and move the machine tool spindle to the tool setting position; A2: Set the total number of tool-setting steps n And the amount of tool retraction used in each step; A3: Begin the first i Step-by-step tool setting, move the machine tool spindle along the first feed direction until the laser beam is blocked and stop moving; A4: Retract the machine tool spindle along the second feed direction, the retraction distance being the [missing information]. i The tool retraction amount of the step, wherein the second feed direction is opposite to the first feed direction; A5: Rotate the machine tool spindle along the first rotation direction until the laser beam is blocked and the rotation stops, and record the angle value SP of the machine tool spindle at this time. i1 ; A6: Rotate the machine tool spindle along the second rotation direction until the laser beam is blocked and the rotation stops, and record the angle value SP of the machine tool spindle at this time. i2 The second rotation direction is opposite to the first rotation direction; A7: Based on the angle value SP of the machine tool spindle recorded in step A5. i1 The angle value SP of the machine tool spindle recorded in step A6 i2 Calculate the first i SP step tool setting angle i3 ; A8: Rotate the machine tool spindle and adjust the angle value of the machine tool spindle to the value calculated in step A7. i SP step tool setting angle i3 Complete the first i Step against knife; A9: Judgment i Is it less than n If so, then let i = i +1, and return to step A3. If not, the tool setting ends. Record the angle of the machine tool spindle at this time as the zero angle of the asymmetric straight-edged tool. During the first execution of step A3, the following settings are made: i =1.

8. The automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edged cutting tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step A7 i SP step tool setting angle i The formula for calculating 3 is: 。 9. The automatic tool setting method for an asymmetric straight-edged cutting tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first feed direction is: from the tool setting position along the direction of the laser beam perpendicular to the laser tool setting instrument, and the first rotation direction is the direction of clockwise or counterclockwise rotation around the Z-axis of the machine tool spindle; Step A2 includes: setting the total number of tool setting steps. n and set the first i+ The tool setting feed rate used in step 1 is less than that used in step 2. i The tool setting feed rate used in the first step is set to the first... i+ The spindle speed used in step 1 is less than that in step 2. i The spindle speed used in the first step is set to the first... i+ The tool retraction amount used in step 1 is less than that in step 2. i The tool retraction amount used in each step, and the tool retraction amount used in each step is not less than the detection accuracy of the laser tool setter; In step A3, moving the machine tool spindle along the first feed direction specifically means: moving the spindle along the first feed direction at the first... i The tool feed rate moves the machine tool spindle. Step A4, retracting the machine tool spindle along the second feed direction, specifically includes: retracting the machine tool spindle along the second feed direction at the first... i The tool setting feed rate is reduced by the step to retract the machine tool spindle; In step A5, rotating the machine tool spindle along the first rotation direction specifically means: rotating along the first rotation direction with the first rotation direction as follows: i The machine tool spindle rotates at the tool setting spindle speed; In step A6, rotating the machine tool spindle along the second rotation direction specifically means: rotating along the second rotation direction in the direction of the first rotation direction. i The machine tool spindle rotates at the tool setting spindle speed.

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