Method for improving soil by using domestic sludge compound
By using material such as life sludge complexes to improve the soil of wasteland and saline -alkali land, the problems of crop growth in these soils are solved, and the effective improvement of the soil and the rapid and healthy growth of crops have been achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411515986.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-21
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The prior art has failed to propose a comprehensive and effective improvement scheme suitable for the improvement of wastelands and saline-alkali lands or landscaping, resulting in difficulty in growing crops in these soils and low yields.
The use of domestic sludge complexes, bacteria, organic water -soluble fertilizer, organic fertilizer, cattle and sheep manure, straw, and biological bacteria, etc., gradually improve the soil through the steps of sprinkled, rotation, and deep turning, increase their fertilizer and penetration performance.
By improving soil biomass and increasing its nutrient absorption capacity, crops can grow quickly and healthily on the improved soil, increase yields, and reduce production costs and environmental pollution.
Smart Images
Figure CN119325775A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular relates to a method for improving soil by utilizing a domestic sludge composite. Background Art
[0002] The main hazards brought by wasteland and saline-alkali land include serious impacts on crop growth, resulting in extremely low yields or even no grass growing. The high salt content in saline-alkali land will make the osmotic pressure of the soil solution higher than the osmotic pressure of the plant cell fluid, causing dehydration of the root hair cells, resulting in "physiological drought" of the plants, withering or "burning seedlings". In addition, saline-alkali land will interfere with the absorption of nutrients by crops, destroy the balance of crops' absorption of other ions, and cause nutritional disorders in crops. For example, excessive sodium ions in the soil solution will hinder the absorption of calcium, magnesium, and potassium by crops, while excessive potassium ion concentrations will hinder the absorption of iron and magnesium by crops, leading to induced nutrient deficiency. The causes of saline-alkali land formation include natural factors and human factors. Natural factors such as drought, little rain, and high evaporation will lead to the accumulation of salt on the soil surface; human factors such as unreasonable irrigation and excessive use of chemical fertilizers will also accelerate the salinization process.
[0003] The main methods for improving wasteland and saline-alkali land include water conservancy improvement, agricultural technology improvement, biological improvement and chemical improvement. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages and are suitable for different environments and conditions. Water conservancy improvement is to establish a complete drainage and irrigation system, separate irrigation and drainage, strengthen water management, strictly control the groundwater level, and continuously leach and remove salt from the soil through irrigation, flood diversion and silt release. This method is low-cost, but requires a lot of water resources, and the effect is greatly affected by climate. Agricultural technology improvement includes deep plowing, leveling the land, adding foreign soil, and increasing the application of organic fertilizers. These methods can improve soil composition and structure, enhance soil permeability, and accelerate salt leaching. However, these methods require a lot of manpower and material resources, and the effect is slow. Biological improvement improves soil fertility and improves soil structure by planting and turning green manure and forage, applying bacterial fertilizers, etc. This method is environmentally friendly and sustainable, but the effect may not be significant due to the content of soil organic matter and climatic conditions. Chemical improvement reduces or eliminates soil alkalinity by applying modifiers such as gypsum and black alum. This method is quick to take effect, but it is costly and may cause secondary pollution to the soil. In short, each method has obvious disadvantages when used alone: Water conservancy improvement has low cost but requires a large amount of water resources, and the effect is greatly affected by climate; agricultural technology improvement requires a large amount of manpower and material resources, and the effect is slow; biological improvement is limited by soil organic matter content and climatic conditions, and the effect may not be significant; chemical improvement has high cost and may cause secondary pollution to the soil.
[0004] At present, there is still no existing technology that has proposed a comprehensive and effective improvement plan suitable for wasteland and saline-alkali land improvement or landscaping, and this problem still needs to be solved. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for improving soil using a domestic sludge composite, which is used for improving saline-alkali land, wasteland, and garden land, changing the soil biomass, and allowing crops to grow rapidly and healthily on the improved soil.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for improving soil using a domestic sludge compound, comprising the following steps: (1) spreading bacterial residue and organic water-soluble fertilizer on the soil surface, and then spreading the domestic sludge compound; (2) When the water content of the domestic sludge composite applied in step (1) drops to 50%, organic fertilizer, cattle and sheep manure, straw and biological agents are applied in sequence, rotary tillage is performed, and deep plowing is performed; (3) After deep plowing in step (2), flood irrigation and secondary rotary tillage are performed; (4) Repeat steps (1) to (3) 3 to 5 times, with a one-year interval between each step.
[0007] The soil in step (1) is one or more of saline-alkali land, wasteland and / or garden land.
[0008] Preferably, the amount of the mushroom residue spread in step (1) is 2000 kg / mu, and the amount of the organic water-soluble fertilizer spread in step (1) is 2000 kg / mu.
[0009] Preferably, the application amount of the domestic sludge composite in step (1) is 10-12 t / mu, and the water content of the domestic sludge composite in step (1) is 55%-85%.
[0010] Preferably, the amount of organic fertilizer in step (2) is 500-700 kg / mu, the amount of cattle and sheep manure in step (2) is 1000-1200 kg / mu, the amount of straw in step (2) is 200-230 kg / mu, and the amount of biological agent in step (2) is 5-7 kg / mu.
[0011] Preferably, the total effective viable count of the biological agent in step (2) is ≥ 2 billion CFU / g.
[0012] Preferably, the depth of the rotary tillage in step (2) is 10-20 cm, and the depth of the deep plowing in step (2) is 30-50 cm.
[0013] Preferably, the depth of the secondary rotary tillage in step (3) is 10-20 cm.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects: The present invention utilizes urban domestic sludge, scatters it on saline-alkali land, wasteland, and garden greening land, and then scatters a certain amount of organic fertilizer, biological bacteria agent, straw, cattle and sheep manure, and then plows the soil to dissolve it in the soil. After a period of time, the soil fully absorbs various nutrient fertilizers and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter and other effective ingredients, changes the biomass in the soil, and enables crops to grow rapidly and healthily on the improved soil.
[0015] In addition, the present invention saves cumbersome machinery, promotes the early planting time of crops on improved soil, increases work efficiency by dozens of times per unit time, and can be combined with mechanization to transform large areas of saline-alkali land, wasteland and garden land on a large scale, thereby reducing the production costs of enterprises, improving work efficiency and solving environmental pollution problems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0017] Figure 1 The method of spreading the fungus residue in Example 1 is as follows; Figure 2 The organic water-soluble fertilizer of Example 1 was spread; Figure 3 This is the soil picture after spreading mushroom residue and organic water-soluble fertilizer in Example 1; Figure 4 The domestic sludge composite was applied in Example 1; Figure 5 This is the soil picture after spreading domestic sewage sludge in Example 1; Figure 6 Spread organic fertilizer, cattle and sheep manure, straw and biological bacteria agent for Example 1; Figure 7 The rotary tillage treatment of Example 1; Figure 8 The growth status of wheat planted during the implementation of steps (1) to (3) of Example 1; Fig. 9 The growth status of wheat planted during the second period of implementing steps (1) to (3) of Example 1; Fig.10 The growth status of wheat planted during the three periods of implementing steps (1) to (3) of Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.
[0019] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing special embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.
[0020] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.
[0021] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to the skilled artisan. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.
[0022] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.
[0023] Sources of materials used in the present invention: mushroom residue was purchased from Ningxia Zhongke Biological New Materials Co., Ltd.; organic water-soluble fertilizer was purchased from Ningxia Zhongke Biological New Materials Co., Ltd.; domestic sludge composite was sourced from Shizuishan Second Sewage Treatment Plant; organic fertilizer was sourced from Ningxia Xinsheng Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., the main raw materials of organic fertilizer were cow dung, chicken dung and corn cobs, with an organic matter content of ≥30%, and N+P2O5+K2O ≥4.0%; biological bacterial agent was purchased from Inner Mongolia Shengtian Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.
[0024] The inspection report of domestic sludge composite is shown in Table 1.
[0025] Table 1 Inspection report of domestic sludge composite
[0026] Note: The standard limits of benzo[a]pyrene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons shall comply with the "Agricultural Sludge Pollutant Control Standard" GB4284-2018, and the limit standards of other items shall comply with the "Mixed Landfill Mud Disposal of Sludge from Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants" (CJ / T249-2007). "ND" means that the test result is lower than the method detection limit.
[0027] Example 1 Before the improvement, the pH of the saline-alkali land in Dawukou District, Shizuishan City, Ningxia was 9, and there was no grass growing on the land, and the income was zero (such as Figure 1 as shown).
[0028] (1) Spread 2000kg / mu of fungus residue and 2000kg / mu of organic water-soluble fertilizer on the surface of saline-alkali land in Dawukou District, Shizuishan City, Ningxia, and then spread 11t / mu of domestic sludge compound with a water content of 70%; (2) The water content of the domestic sludge composite to be spread is reduced to 50%, and organic fertilizer, cattle and sheep manure, straw, biological agent and salt-alkali resistant fertilizer are spread in sequence. The amount of organic fertilizer is 600 kg / mu, the amount of cattle and sheep manure is 1100 kg / mu, the amount of straw is 215 kg / mu, and the amount of biological agent (total effective live bacteria count ≥ 2 billion / g) is 6 kg / mu. Rotary tillage is carried out at a depth of 15 cm to mix and allow biological reactions to occur. After 28 days of dissolution, deep plowing is carried out at a depth of 40 cm to allow it to penetrate deeply into the soil layer. (3) Flood irrigation and secondary tillage at a depth of 15 cm; (4) Repeat steps (1) to (3) three times, with an interval of one year between each step. After the end, the pH of the improved saline-alkali land in Dawukou District, Shizuishan City, Ningxia was measured to be 6.5.
[0029] Example 2 (1) Spread 2000kg / mu of fungus residue and 2000kg / mu of organic water-soluble fertilizer on the surface of saline-alkali land in Dawukou District, Shizuishan City, Ningxia, and then spread 10t / mu of domestic sludge compound with a water content of 55%; (2) The water content of the domestic sludge composite to be spread is reduced to 50%. Organic fertilizer, cattle and sheep manure, straw, biological agent and salt-alkali resistant fertilizer are spread in sequence. The amount of organic fertilizer is 500 kg / mu, the amount of cattle and sheep manure is 1000 kg / mu, the amount of straw is 200 kg / mu, and the amount of biological agent (total effective live bacteria count ≥ 2 billion / g) is 5 kg / mu. Rotary tillage is carried out at a depth of 10 cm to mix them and allow biological reactions to occur accordingly. After 15 days of dissolution, deep plowing is carried out at a depth of 30 cm to allow them to penetrate deeply into the soil layer. (3) Flood irrigation and secondary tillage at a depth of 10 cm; (4) Repeat steps (1) to (3) 4 times, with a one-year interval between each step.
[0030] Example 3 (1) Spread 2000kg / mu of fungus residue and 2000kg / mu of organic water-soluble fertilizer on the surface of saline-alkali land in Dawukou District, Shizuishan City, Ningxia, and then spread 12t / mu of domestic sludge compound with a water content of 85%; (2) The water content of the domestic sludge composite to be spread is reduced to 50%, and organic fertilizer, cattle and sheep manure, straw, biological agent and salt-alkali resistant fertilizer are spread in sequence. The amount of organic fertilizer is 700 kg / mu, the amount of cattle and sheep manure is 1200 kg / mu, the amount of straw is 230 kg / mu, and the amount of biological agent (total effective live bacteria ≥ 2 billion / g) is 7 kg / mu. Rotary tillage is carried out at a depth of 20 cm to mix and allow biological reactions to occur. After 30 days of dissolution, deep plowing is carried out at a depth of 50 cm to allow it to penetrate deeply into the soil layer. (3) Flood irrigation and secondary tillage at a depth of 20 cm; (4) Repeat steps (1) to (3) 5 times, with a one-year interval between each step.
[0031] Experimental example The improved technical solution described in Example 1 was measured in real time, specifically in the following manner: each time during the flood irrigation and secondary rotary tillage in Steps (1) to (3) of Example 1, wheat was planted once and the wheat yield was measured. Before soil improvement, no grass grew on the saline-alkali land, and the wheat yield was recorded as 0. The wheat yield was statistically shown in Table 2.
[0032] Table 2 Wheat yield
[0033] According to the records in Table 2, after the steps (1) to (3) of Example 1 are processed once, the saline-alkali land can grow wheat crops normally. After the steps (1) to (3) of Example 1 are processed twice, the yield of wheat crops in the saline-alkali land is increased. After the steps (1) to (3) of Example 1 are processed three times, the yield of wheat crops in the saline-alkali land is significantly increased.
[0034] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for improving soil using a domestic sludge composite, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Spread fungus residue and organic water-soluble fertilizer on the soil surface, and then spread the domestic sludge compound; (2) When the water content of the domestic sludge composite applied in step (1) drops to 50%, organic fertilizer, cattle and sheep manure, straw and biological agents are applied in sequence, rotary tillage is performed, and deep plowing is performed; (3) After deep plowing in step (2), flood irrigation and secondary rotary tillage are performed; (4) Repeat steps (1) to (3) 3 to 5 times, with a one-year interval between each step. The soil in step (1) is one or more of saline-alkali land, wasteland and / or garden land.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of the mushroom residue to be spread in step (1) is 2000 kg / mu, and the amount of the organic water-soluble fertilizer to be spread in step (1) is 2000 kg / mu.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application amount of the domestic sludge composite in step (1) is 10-12 t / mu, and the water content of the domestic sludge composite in step (1) is 55%-85%.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amount of organic fertilizer used in step (2) is 500-700 kg / mu, the amount of cattle and sheep manure used in step (2) is 1000-1200 kg / mu, the amount of straw used in step (2) is 200-230 kg / mu, and the amount of biological agent used in step (2) is 5-7 kg / mu.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total effective viable count of the biological agent in step (2) is ≥ 2 billion CFU / g.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the rotary tillage in step (2) is 10-20 cm, and the depth of the deep plowing in step (2) is 30-50 cm.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the secondary rotary tillage in step (3) is 10-20 cm.