Fertilizing device of slow-release fertilizer for planting

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilizer applying device of slow-release fertilizer for planting in the technical field of fertilization, which comprises a frame, a furrow plough, a fertilizer applying mechanism and a soil covering mechanism are arranged on the frame, the furrow plough is positioned at the head of the frame, the fertilizer applying mechanism is positioned in the middle of the frame, the soil covering mechanism is positioned at the tail of the frame, the furrow plough is rotatably arranged on the frame, and the soil covering mechanism is positioned at the tail of the frame. When the frame walks on the land, the furrow plough is put down, the furrow plough turns over the soil to form a fertilization pit, the fertilization mechanism intermittently discharges the slow release fertilizer into the fertilization pit, and the soil covering mechanism covers the soil turned up by the furrow plough into the fertilization pit with the slow release fertilizer. Besides, soil data are collected in real time through a sensor, and the fertilization mechanism (such as spraying amount, fertilization position, time interval and the like) is automatically adjusted in combination with an environment model. According to the scheme, pit digging, fertilization and soil covering and fertilizer burying are continuously carried out, the fertilization efficiency and benefits of the slow-release fertilizer are improved, the fertilization pits are dug mechanically, and manpower is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilization, and in particular relates to a fertilization device for slow-release fertilizer for planting. Background Art

[0002] Slow-release fertilizer, also known as controlled-release fertilizer or long-acting fertilizer, is a fertilizer that slowly releases the nutrients in the fertilizer into the soil through specific production processes and technologies. Its core concept is to control the release rate and time of nutrients to meet the nutrient needs of crops at different growth stages, thereby maximizing the use of fertilizers. This type of fertilizer usually uses physical, chemical or biological methods to encapsulate nutrients in special materials to form slightly soluble compounds or particles, thereby achieving a slow-release effect. Slow-release fertilizer controls the release rate of nutrients, improves fertilizer utilization, reduces environmental pollution, saves labor costs, and improves crop yield and quality. It is an important tool for modern agriculture and promotes sustainable agricultural development. At present, traditional fertilization methods usually rely on experience to determine the amount and timing of fertilizer application, and it is difficult to accurately meet the nutrient needs of crops at different growth stages. This traditional method not only wastes fertilizer resources, but may also lead to nutrient loss and environmental pollution. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a precise fertilization control system based on real-time monitoring of soil nutrients and humidity. The system monitors the nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients in the soil and humidity changes in real time by adding soil nutrient sensors and humidity sensors. The sensor transmits the monitoring data to the central control system through the wireless module. The system analyzes the nutrient demand of the soil based on the real-time data and dynamically adjusts the amount, location and timing of fertilization. Through intelligent algorithms, the time and amount of fertilization can be precisely controlled, thereby maximizing the utilization rate of fertilizers, reducing resource waste and reducing environmental pollution.

[0003] Since slow-release fertilizers dissolve slowly, when applying fertilizers during planting, if they are spread on the surface of the land, they are easily washed away by rain due to their long-term presence. Therefore, slow-release fertilizers usually need to be buried in the soil. In the process of applying existing slow-release fertilizers, it is usually necessary to manually dig a fertilizer pit with a hoe, and then inject a certain amount of slow-release fertilizer into the pit, and finally fill the pit, which is time-consuming and laborious. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention is intended to provide a fertilizing device for slow-release fertilizer for planting, so as to solve the problem that the slow-release fertilizer fertilizing operation in the prior art is time-consuming, labor-intensive and inefficient. In addition, by real-time monitoring of soil nutrients and moisture, the amount of fertilizer and the location of fertilizer application are dynamically adjusted to ensure that the fertilizer can accurately provide the nutrients required by the crop, avoid fertilizer waste and reduce environmental pollution.

[0005] A fertilization device for slow-release fertilizer for planting in the present scheme includes a frame, on which a plow, a fertilization mechanism and a soil covering mechanism are arranged, the plow is located at the head of the frame, the fertilization mechanism is located in the middle of the frame, and the soil covering mechanism is located at the rear of the frame. The plow is rotatably arranged on the frame, and the frame lowers the plow when walking on the land, and the plow turns the soil to form a fertilization pit, and the fertilization mechanism intermittently discharges the slow-release fertilizer into the fertilization pit, and the soil covering mechanism covers the soil turned up by the plow into the fertilization pit with the slow-release fertilizer; a soil nutrient sensor and a humidity sensor are added to the front end of the plow, and the soil nutrient sensor monitors the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrient content and soil humidity of the soil in real time, and transmits the data to the central control system through a wireless module; the central control system dynamically adjusts the amount of fertilizer based on these data, and uses an intelligent algorithm to accurately control the time and amount of fertilization.

[0006] The working principle of this scheme is as follows: the plow is a common tillage equipment in agricultural planting. It is mainly composed of a curved plow body and blades. The curved plow body is designed in an arc shape, which can adapt to different soil conditions and operation requirements, reduce soil resistance, and turn the soil during tillage. The turned-up soil is pushed to both sides of the plow, and a fertilizer pit is formed at the position where the plow passes. Then the fertilization mechanism discharges the slow-release fertilizer into the fertilization pit, and then the soil covering mechanism pushes the turned-up soil to the fertilization pit and buries the slow-release fertilizer in the pit in the soil. The fertilization mechanism is configured on the frame and can dynamically adjust the amount of fertilizer, the location of fertilizer and the time of fertilizer application according to the instructions of the central control system. The fertilization mechanism includes a hopper, which is filled with slow-release fertilizer or other applicable fertilizers, and a fertilizer port is provided at the bottom. According to the soil data monitored in real time, the intelligent control system automatically adjusts the position of the controlled release plate to control the discharge amount and intermittent discharge of fertilizer. The gap between the controlled release plate and the guide cavity at the bottom of the hopper changes, and is adjusted by the controlled release mechanism to achieve precise fertilizer application.

[0007] The beneficial technical effects of this scheme are: 1. This scheme adopts mechanical digging of fertilizer pits to save manpower.

[0008] 2. Digging holes, applying fertilizers and covering the fertilizers with soil should be carried out continuously to improve the fertilization efficiency of slow-release fertilizers.

[0009] 3. In the prior art, independent fertilizer pits are dug according to the sowing positions, while this solution uses a plow to dig the pits and plow the soil again, increasing the looseness of the soil, which is beneficial to the growth of crops.

[0010] 4. The present invention monitors soil nutrients and moisture in real time, dynamically adjusts the amount and location of fertilizer application, ensures that fertilizers can accurately provide the nutrients required by crops, avoids fertilizer waste, and reduces environmental pollution.

[0011] 5. This device is adaptable to different soil types and crop requirements, and can automatically adjust fertilization strategies according to different soil conditions to ensure efficient operation in various agricultural environments.

[0012] Furthermore, the fertilization mechanism includes a hopper, a fertilization port is provided at the bottom of the hopper, and the fertilization mechanism also includes a fertilization control component for controlling the discharge of fertilizer from the fertilization port.

[0013] Furthermore, the hopper includes a material storage chamber that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, the longitudinal section of the material storage chamber is a right-angled trapezoid, the bottom of the material storage chamber is connected to a material guide chamber, the fertilizer port is arranged on the material guide chamber, and the fertilizer control assembly includes a control release plate horizontally arranged in the material storage chamber, the control release plate is connected to a control release mechanism that drives it to move up and down, and three edges of the control release plate are always against three inner walls of the material storage chamber. When the control release plate moves upward, a gap is formed between one edge of the control release plate and one inner wall of the material storage chamber, and the slow-release fertilizer above the control release plate flows downward from the gap and is discharged from the fertilizer port. When the control release plate reaches the lowest point, all of its peripheral edges are against the inner wall of the material storage chamber, preventing the slow-release fertilizer from flowing downward, thereby realizing intermittent fertilization of the slow-release fertilizer.

[0014] Furthermore, the control release mechanism includes a first motor, a cam and a transmission rod, the output shaft of the first motor is connected to the cam, the transmission rod slides through the bottom of the material guide cavity, the lower end of the transmission rod slides in contact with the cam, and the upper end of the transmission rod is connected to the control release plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the fertilizer port is located on the side of the guide cavity close to the plow. In the case of a more compact overall structure, the fertilizer port is arranged on the side facing the plow to increase the distance between the soil covering mechanism and the fertilizer port, ensuring that the slow-release fertilizer falls into the fertilizer pit before being covered with soil, and preventing some slow-release fertilizer from falling onto the soil surface after covering with soil.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the material guiding cavity is inclined toward one side of the fertilizer application port.

[0017] Furthermore, the soil covering mechanism comprises a rotating shaft, a spiral auger is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the second motor through a belt transmission mechanism. The rotating spiral auger continuously pushes the soil to bury the fertilizer, so that the soil covering is uniform and the soil surface is flat.

[0018] Furthermore, there are two soil covering mechanisms, and the rotating shafts of the two soil covering mechanisms are staggered toward one end of the fertilization pit, so as to ensure that the fertilization pit can be completely covered by soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a front view of a fertilizing device for slow-release fertilizer for planting according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A top view of a fertilizing device for slow-release fertilizer for planting according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3The present invention is a top view of a soil covering mechanism in a fertilizing device for a slow-release fertilizer for planting. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0023] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: frame 1, auger 2, wheel 3, plow 4, cam 5, fertilizer port 6, transmission rod 7, release control plate 8, hopper 9, driving pulley 10, second motor 11, third motor 12, avoidance port 13, first motor 14, driven pulley 15, rotating shaft 16.

[0024] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown: a fertilizing device for slow-release fertilizer for planting, including a frame 1, four wheels 3 arranged in an array are connected to the bottom of the frame 1, the wheels 3 are driven by a third motor 12, and a plow 4, a fertilizing mechanism and a soil covering mechanism are arranged on the frame 1. The plow 4 is located at the head of the frame 1, the fertilizing mechanism is located in the middle of the frame 1, and the soil covering mechanism is located at the tail of the frame 1. The plow 4 is arranged on the frame 1 by shaft rotation, and the fertilizing mechanism includes a hopper 9, which includes a storage cavity with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part, and the longitudinal section of the storage cavity is a right-angle trapezoid (such as Figure 1 As shown), the bottom of the material storage cavity is connected to a material guide cavity, and a fertilizer port 6 is provided on the side wall at the lower end of the material guide cavity. The fertilizer port 6 is close to the side where the plow 4 is located, and the bottom of the material guide cavity is inclined toward the side of the fertilizer port 6.

[0025] The fertilization control component in the hopper 9 includes a control release plate 8 horizontally arranged in the material storage chamber, and the control release plate 8 is connected to a control release mechanism that drives it to move up and down. Three edges of the control release plate 8 are always in contact with three inner walls of the material storage chamber. The fertilization mechanism also includes a fertilization control component for controlling the discharge of fertilizer from the fertilization port 6.

[0026] The release control mechanism includes a first motor 14, a cam 5 and a transmission rod 7. The output shaft of the first motor 14 is connected to the cam 5. The transmission rod 7 slides through the bottom of the material guide cavity. The lower end of the transmission rod 7 slides in contact with the cam 5. The upper end of the transmission rod 7 is connected to the release control plate 8.

[0027] The soil covering mechanism includes a rotating shaft 16, on which a spiral auger 2 is arranged, and the rotating shaft 16 is connected to the second motor 11 through a belt transmission mechanism, that is, the second motor 11 drives the driving pulley 10 to rotate, and transmits power from the driving pulley 10 to the driven pulley 15 through a belt, and the driven pulley is connected to the rotating shaft 16. The second motor 11 and the driving pulley are both arranged on the top of the frame 1, and the top of the frame 1 is provided with an avoidance opening 13 for the belt to pass through, and the driven pulley 15 is located below the driving pulley, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 16 are connected to the two sides of the lower end of the frame 1.

[0028] A soil nutrient sensor and a moisture sensor are added to the front end of the plow 4. The soil nutrient sensor monitors the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient contents and soil moisture in real time, and transmits the data to the central control system through a wireless module. The central control system dynamically adjusts the amount of fertilizer based on these data and uses intelligent algorithms to accurately control the time and amount of fertilization.

[0029] When the vehicle frame 1 is walking on the land, the plow 4 is lowered, and the plow 4 turns the soil to form a fertilizer pit. The fertilization mechanism intermittently discharges the slow-release fertilizer into the fertilization pit, and the covering mechanism covers the soil turned up by the plow 4 into the fertilization pit with the slow-release fertilizer. The plow 4 is a common tillage equipment in agricultural planting, mainly composed of a curved plow body and blades. The curved plow body is designed in an arc shape, which can adapt to different soil conditions and operation requirements, reduce soil resistance, turn over the soil during the tillage process, and push the turned-up soil to both sides of the plow 4, and a fertilizer pit is formed at the position where the plow 4 passes. Subsequently, the first motor 14 in the fertilizing mechanism drives the cam 5 to rotate, causing the release control plate 8 to intermittently move up and down. Due to the special design of the hopper 9 structure, when the release control plate 8 moves upward, the fertilizer in the storage chamber enters the material guide chamber, and then is discharged from the fertilizing port 6, thereby discharging the slow-release fertilizer into the fertilizing pit. When the control plate moves to the lowest point, the storage chamber and the material guide chamber are separated, and fertilization cannot be performed.

[0030] Driven by the second motor 11 of the soil covering mechanism and the belt transmission, the rotating shaft 16 rotates, and the spiral auger 2 pushes the soil turned up by the plow 4 from both sides of the fertilization pit into the fertilization pit, and the turned up soil is pushed into the fertilization pit to bury the slow-release fertilizer in the pit in the soil.

Claims

1. A fertilizing device for slow-release fertilizer for planting, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame, on which a plow, a fertilizing mechanism and a soil covering mechanism are arranged, the plow is located at the head of the frame, the fertilizing mechanism is located in the middle of the frame, the soil covering mechanism is located at the tail of the frame, the plow is rotatably arranged on the frame, the plow is lowered when the frame moves on the land, the plow turns the soil to form a fertilization pit, the fertilizing mechanism intermittently discharges slow-release fertilizer into the fertilization pit, and the soil covering mechanism covers the soil turned up by the plow into the fertilization pit with the slow-release fertilizer; a soil nutrient sensor and a humidity sensor are added to the front end of the plow, the soil nutrient sensor monitors the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient content and soil humidity of the soil in real time, and transmits the data to the central control system through a wireless module; the central control system dynamically adjusts the amount of fertilizer based on these data, and uses an intelligent algorithm to accurately control the time and amount of fertilization.

2. A fertilizing device for slow-release fertilizer for planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization mechanism comprises a hopper, a fertilization port is arranged at the bottom of the hopper, and the fertilization mechanism also comprises a fertilization control component for controlling the discharge of fertilizer from the fertilization port.

3. A fertilizing device for slow-release fertilizer for planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hopper includes a material storage cavity which is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The longitudinal section of the material storage cavity is a right-angled trapezoid. The bottom of the material storage cavity is connected to a material guide cavity. The fertilizer port is arranged on the material guide cavity. The fertilizer control component includes a release control plate horizontally arranged in the material storage cavity. The release control plate is connected to a release control mechanism for driving it to move up and down. Three edges of the release control plate are always in contact with three inner walls of the material storage cavity.

4. A fertilizing device for slow-release fertilizer for planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The controlled release mechanism includes a first motor, a cam and a transmission rod. The output shaft of the first motor is connected to the cam. The transmission rod slides through the bottom of the material guide cavity. The lower end of the transmission rod slides in contact with the cam. The upper end of the transmission rod is connected to the controlled release plate.

5. A fertilizing device for slow-release fertilizer for planting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fertilizer application port is located on a side of the material guiding cavity close to the plow.

6. A fertilizing device for slow-release fertilizer for planting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the material guiding cavity is inclined toward one side of the fertilizer application port.

7. A fertilizing device for slow-release fertilizer for planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil covering mechanism comprises a rotating shaft, a spiral auger is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected to the second motor through a belt transmission mechanism.

8. A fertilizing device for slow-release fertilizer for planting according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are two soil covering mechanisms, and the rotating shafts in the two soil covering mechanisms are staggered with each other at one end facing the fertilization pit.

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