Mountain land small-sized potato combine harvester

Abstract

The invention relates to a mountain land small potato combine harvester which comprises a portal frame chassis, a crawler belt, a harvesting mechanism, a potato stem separating mechanism, a transferring mechanism and a subpackaging mechanism. The crawler belt is arranged on the lower portion of the portal frame chassis, and the harvesting mechanism, the potato stem separating mechanism, the transferring mechanism and the subpackaging mechanism are fixedly connected with the portal frame chassis. The harvesting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the portal frame chassis, and the harvesting mechanism, the potato stem separating mechanism, the transferring mechanism and the subpackaging mechanism are sequentially in butt joint. The mountain land small-sized potato combine harvester provided by the invention can complete work of digging, cleaning, subpackaging, transporting and the like of potatoes at one time, is compact in equipment, small in occupied space and flexible to operate, is more suitable for a scene with a small mountain land planting area, solves the problems of too many requirements of potato harvesters and poor flexibility, and is suitable for popularization and application. The potato harvesting efficiency and flexibility are effectively improved, the labor cost is reduced, and economic benefits are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a small-sized mountain potato combine harvester. Background Art

[0002] Potatoes are widely distributed and rich in nutrients, and are known as "underground apples". my country is the country with the largest potato planting area in the world, with an annual planting area and output of 1,050 hectares and about 80 million tons respectively. It is also one of the countries with the fastest growth in annual potato consumption. Potatoes have strong adaptability, a long industrial chain and high output value. The development of potato production has an important and irreplaceable strategic position in optimizing and adjusting the agricultural structure, promoting economic development and ensuring food security.

[0003] At present, there are many potato planting modes in China, including large-scale planting on plains and small-scale planting on mountain slopes. Large-scale planting on plains mostly uses medium and large potato harvesters for harvesting, which is efficient and low-cost. However, due to the flat terrain and vast area of ​​plains, medium and large potato harvesters mostly use wheeled chassis, and due to the large potato planting area and high yield, the structural design between the various functional modules of the harvester is relatively loose, which is more suitable for working scenes on a wide ground. For small-scale planting on mountain slopes, which accounts for a large proportion of the total potato planting area, there is no suitable potato harvester. The potato harvesting is mainly carried out by manual digging and manual picking, which is inefficient, with high labor costs and low economic benefits, which seriously affects the enthusiasm of farmers for potato planting. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a potato harvester suitable for harvesting small-scale potatoes on slopes. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above description, the present invention provides a small-scale mountain potato combine harvester to solve the problem of automatic harvesting of potatoes planted in a small area in the mountains, thereby reducing the difficulty of harvesting and improving the harvesting efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a small mountain potato combine harvester comprises a gantry chassis, a crawler, a harvesting mechanism, a potato stem separation mechanism, a transfer mechanism and a packaging mechanism; the crawler is arranged at the lower part of the gantry chassis, and the harvesting mechanism, the potato stem separation mechanism, the transfer mechanism and the packaging mechanism are fixedly connected to the gantry chassis; the harvesting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the gantry chassis, and the harvesting mechanism, the potato stem separation mechanism, the transfer mechanism and the packaging mechanism are connected in sequence.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0007] Preferably, the harvesting mechanism comprises a pressing roller, a depth-limiting wheel, a knife wheel, a digging shovel, a harvesting conveyor belt module and a harvesting mechanism bracket, and the pressing roller, the depth-limiting wheel, the knife wheel, the digging shovel and the harvesting conveyor belt module are sequentially connected to the harvesting mechanism bracket; The pressing roller, depth limiting wheel and cutter wheel are arranged in pairs, and the pressing roller and the cutter wheel are both arranged on the inner side of the depth limiting wheel, and the bottom end position of the pressing roller, the bottom end position of the depth limiting wheel and the bottom end position of the cutter wheel are successively lowered, and the heights of the pressing roller, the depth limiting wheel and the cutter wheel are adjustable; the front end of the digging shovel is arranged at the rear end of the cutter wheel, and the rear end of the digging shovel is located at the front end of the harvesting conveyor belt module, the harvesting conveyor belt module is inclined, and the rear end of the harvesting conveyor belt module is connected to the potato stem separation mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the harvesting mechanism further comprises a telescopic cylinder, and the telescopic cylinder, the harvesting mechanism bracket and the gantry chassis are hinged in pairs to form a triangle.

[0009] Preferably, the potato stem separation mechanism comprises a cleaning conveyor belt module and a transverse transport conveyor belt module installed on the gantry chassis, the transverse transport conveyor belt module is arranged on the inner side of the cleaning conveyor belt module, and the transverse transport conveyor belt module is arranged in parallel with the cleaning conveyor belt module; the cleaning conveyor belt module and the transverse transport conveyor belt module run in the same direction, and the running speed of the cleaning conveyor belt module is faster than the running speed of the transverse transport conveyor belt module; The conveying surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module is provided with a plurality of large screening holes distributed in an array, and the size of the large screening holes is adapted to the upper limit of the potato size; the conveying surface of the transverse transport conveyor belt module is provided with a plurality of small screening holes distributed in an array, and the size of the small screening holes is adapted to the lower limit of the potato size.

[0010] Preferably, the potato stem separation mechanism includes a cutting knife installed on the gantry chassis, the cutting knife is fixedly arranged between the conveying surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module and the conveying surface of the transverse transport conveyor belt module, and the cutting edge of the cutting knife is arranged opposite to the moving direction of the conveying surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module.

[0011] Preferably, the transfer mechanism comprises a rectangular frame and a longitudinal conveyor belt module, the rectangular frame is provided with an annular storage space surrounding the output end of the transverse transport conveyor belt module, and the longitudinal conveyor belt module is arranged in the annular storage space; The inner side of the annular storage space is provided with a lower opening and an upper opening, the lower opening is connected to the output end of the transverse transport conveyor module, and the upper opening is connected to the input end of the subpackaging mechanism; The longitudinal conveyor belt module is provided with a material bin, and the material bin moves with the longitudinal conveyor belt module. The opening of the material bin is matched with the lower end opening or the upper end opening of the annular storage space.

[0012] Preferably, the packing mechanism includes a packing conveyor belt module, a guard plate, and a packing trough, the guard plate is fixedly arranged along the edge of the packing conveyor belt module, the input end of the packing conveyor belt module is connected to the output end of the longitudinal conveyor belt module, and the output end of the packing conveyor belt module is connected to the input end of the packing trough; the packing trough has multiple output ports, and each output port of the packing trough is respectively provided with a detachable packing bag.

[0013] Preferably, each output port of the dispensing tank is provided with a door panel, which can be opened or closed.

[0014] Preferably, the harvesting conveyor belt module, cleaning conveyor belt module, transverse transport conveyor belt module and packaging conveyor belt module are respectively provided with a vibration driving mechanism, and the vibration intensity of the harvesting conveyor belt module and the cleaning conveyor belt module is greater than the vibration intensity of the transverse transport conveyor belt module and the packaging conveyor belt module.

[0015] Preferably, a driving platform and a sub-packaging operation platform are also fixedly provided on the gantry chassis, the driving platform is arranged above the potato stem separation mechanism, and the sub-packaging operation platform is arranged below the sub-packaging mechanism.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present application has the following beneficial technical effects: the small-scale potato combine harvester provided by the present invention is compact, occupies a small space, is flexible to operate, and is more suitable for scenes with small mountain planting areas, and can solve the problem of harvesting potatoes on mountain slopes. The harvester can complete the work of potato digging, sorting, packaging, and transportation at one time, solving the problem of excessive demand for potato harvesters and poor flexibility, effectively improving potato harvesting efficiency and flexibility, reducing labor costs, and increasing economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario of a small-sized mountain potato combine harvester provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a small-sized mountain potato combine harvester provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3a A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3b Based on Figure 3a Schematic diagram of potato circulation process under the structure; Figure 4aA schematic diagram of the structure of the harvesting mechanism and the furrow ridge provided in the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4b A schematic structural diagram of a harvesting mechanism from another perspective provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the operating principle of a potato stem separation mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6a A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the longitudinal transport mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6b A cross-sectional view of a longitudinal transport mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the coordination structure of the longitudinal transport mechanism and the subpackaging mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the working principle of the vibration drive structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows: 1. Gantry chassis, 2. Crawler, 3. Harvesting mechanism, 301. Pressing roller, 302. Depth-limiting wheel, 303. Cutter wheel, 304. Digging shovel, 305. Harvesting conveyor belt module, 306. Harvesting mechanism bracket, 307. Pressing roller tappet, 308. Cutter wheel adjustment rod, 309. Depth-limiting wheel bracket, 310. Guide plate, 311. Telescopic cylinder, 4. Potato stem separation mechanism, 401. Cleaning conveyor belt module, 4011. Large screening hole, 402. Horizontal transport conveyor belt module, 4021. Small sieve Selection hole, 403, cutting knife, 404, cover plate, 5, transfer mechanism, 501, rectangular frame, 501a, lower end opening, 501b, upper end opening, 5011, grille, 502, longitudinal conveyor belt module, 5021, silo, 6, filling mechanism, 601, filling conveyor belt module, 602, guard plate, 603, filling trough, 6031, door panel, 604, filling bag, 7, driving platform, 8, filling operation platform, 801, chute, 9, shaking wheel, 10, ground, 1001, furrow ridge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0021] It will be appreciated that spatial relationship terms such as "under", "beneath", "below", "under", "above", "above", etc., may be used herein to describe the relationship of an element or feature shown in the figures to other elements or features. It should be understood that in addition to the orientations shown in the figures, spatial relationship terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is flipped, the element or feature described as "under other elements" or "under it" or "under it" will be oriented as "on" the other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary terms "under" and "under" may include both upper and lower orientations. In addition, the device may also include additional orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0022] It should be noted that when an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or connected to the other element through an intermediate element. The "connection" in the following embodiments should be understood as "electrical connection", "communication connection", etc. if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc. have electrical signals or data transmission between each other.

[0023] When used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" etc. specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof.

[0024] See also Figure 1 ~Figure 3. Among them, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario of a small-scale mountain potato combine harvester provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall appearance of a small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3a A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3b Based on Figure 3a Schematic diagram of the potato circulation process under the structure.

[0025] Combination Figure 1As shown in FIG3 , a small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas provided in this embodiment includes a gantry chassis 1, a crawler 2, a harvesting mechanism 3, a potato stem separation mechanism 4, a transfer mechanism 5 and a sub-packaging mechanism 6. The crawler 2 is arranged at the lower part of the gantry chassis 1, and the harvesting mechanism 3, the potato stem separation mechanism 4, the transfer mechanism 5 and the sub-packaging mechanism 6 are fixedly connected to the gantry chassis 1. The harvesting mechanism 3 is arranged at the front end of the gantry chassis 1, and is in direct contact with the ground 10 where potatoes are planted, especially with the furrows 1001 where potatoes are planted on the ground 10, and is used to collect potatoes grown in the furrows 1001; the harvesting mechanism 3, the potato stem separation mechanism 4, the transfer mechanism 5 and the sub-packaging mechanism 6 are connected in sequence, the potato stem separation mechanism 4 is used to forcibly separate potatoes from stems, leaves and sundries, and the transfer mechanism 5 is used to transfer the separated potatoes to the sub-packaging mechanism 6, and the sub-packaging mechanism 6 performs multi-channel sub-packaging and / or packaging of the potatoes. The harvesting mechanism 3, the potato stem separation mechanism 4, the transport mechanism 5 and the packaging mechanism 6 can all be shaken to screen out foreign matter (such as soil) mixed in the harvested potatoes.

[0026] It is understandable that, based on the defects pointed out in the background technology, this embodiment provides a small potato combine harvester for mountain areas. During the harvesting process, the crawler 2-type self-propelled chassis can effectively solve the defects of soft field soil, easy jamming of the wheel system chassis, and high failure rate of the conveying system, thereby improving the operation stability. The gantry chassis 1 can provide a reliable installation structure for each functional module of the harvester, ensuring the overall structural stability and reliability of the harvester. The various functional modules of the harvester have a compact structure, which can realize the miniaturization of the equipment to a large extent, save equipment costs, and increase the flexibility of equipment operation, making it more suitable for scenes with smaller planting areas such as mountains.

[0027] The embodiment provides a small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas. The equipment is compact, occupies a small space, and is flexible to operate. It is more suitable for scenes with small planting areas in mountainous areas and can solve the problem of harvesting potatoes on slopes in mountainous areas. The harvester can complete the work of digging, cleaning, packaging, and transporting potatoes at one time, solving the problem of excessive demand for potato harvesters and poor flexibility, effectively improving potato harvesting efficiency and flexibility, reducing labor costs, and increasing economic benefits.

[0028] Based on the above technical solution, this embodiment can also be improved as follows.

[0029] In one possible implementation, Figure 4a The schematic diagram of the structure of the harvesting mechanism 3 and the furrow 1001 is shown. Figure 4b The structure diagram of the harvesting mechanism 3 from another perspective is shown. Figure 4a and Figure 4bAs shown, the harvesting mechanism 3 includes a pressing roller 301, a depth-limiting wheel 302, a cutter wheel 303, a digging shovel 304, a harvesting conveyor belt module 305 and a harvesting mechanism bracket 306, and the pressing roller 301, the depth-limiting wheel 302, the cutter wheel 303, the digging shovel 304 and the harvesting conveyor belt module 305 are connected to the harvesting mechanism bracket 306 in sequence.

[0030] The pressing roller 301, the depth limiting wheel 302, and the cutter wheel 303 are arranged in pairs, and the pressing roller 301 and the cutter wheel 303 are arranged on the inner side of a pair of the depth limiting wheels 302. The number of pairs of cutter wheels 303 is preferably consistent with the number of furrows 1001 on the inner side of a pair of depth limiting wheels 302, so that each pair of cutter wheels 303 is arranged on both sides of the furrows 1001. Figure 3a As shown, when there are two furrows 1001 inside a pair of depth-limiting wheels 302, and each furrow 1001 has a cutter wheel 303 on both sides, it is preferred to set two pairs of cutter wheels 303. The bottom end position of the pressing roller 301, the bottom end position of the depth-limiting wheel 302, and the bottom end position of the cutter wheel 303 are successively lowered, and the heights of the pressing roller 301, the depth-limiting wheel 302, and the cutter wheel 303 are adjustable. Specifically, the harvesting mechanism bracket 306 is connected to the gantry chassis 1, the pressing roller 301 is connected to the harvesting mechanism bracket 306 through the pressing roller push rod 307, the depth-limiting wheel 302 is connected to the harvesting mechanism bracket 306 through the depth-limiting wheel bracket 309, and the cutter wheel 303 is connected to the harvesting mechanism bracket 306 through the cutter wheel adjustment rod 308. The pressing roller tappet 307, the depth-limiting wheel bracket 309 and / or the cutter wheel adjustment rod 308 may adopt a telescopic rod structure with adjustable longitudinal dimensions. By adjusting the longitudinal length of the pressing roller tappet 307 and / or the depth-limiting wheel bracket 309, the relative height of the pressing roller 301 and the depth-limiting wheel 302 may be adjusted. By adjusting the length of the cutter wheel adjustment rod 308, the cutting depth of the cutter wheel 303 on the ground 10 may be adjusted. In actual operation, the cutting depth of the cutter wheel 303 may be associated with the growth depth of the potato in the furrow 1001.

[0031] The front end of the digging shovel 304 is arranged at the rear end of the knife wheel 303, and the rear end of the digging shovel 304 is located at the front end of the harvesting conveyor belt module 305. The harvesting conveyor belt module 305 is inclined, and the rear end of the harvesting conveyor belt module 305 is docked with the potato stem separation mechanism 4. Guide plates 310 arranged in pairs are provided on both sides of the rear end of the harvesting conveyor belt module 305. A pair of guide plates 310 are tapered along the advancing direction of the potatoes to reduce the overall width of the potatoes and debris transported to the next process to prevent them from falling. The harvesting conveyor belt module 305 can adopt a sprocket transmission structure, and its driving principle is the existing technology and will not be repeated here. A vibration drive mechanism is provided in the harvesting conveyor belt module 305, so that the transport surface of the harvesting conveyor belt module 305 is moderately shaken during the rotating transportation process.

[0032] It is understandable that after the potato harvester reaches the working area, the position of the harvesting mechanism 3 is adjusted to align with the furrow 1001. During the potato harvesting process, the depth-limiting wheel 302 rolls with the lower ground 10 between the furrow 1001 to guide and support the harvesting mechanism 3, and the digging depth can be controlled. The digging depth can be adjusted by adjusting the longitudinal length of the depth-limiting wheel bracket 309. The pressing roller 301 is pressed and matched with the top surface of the potato furrow 1001 to compact the upper part of the potato furrow 1001. If it cannot be compacted, it can be adjusted by the pressing roller tappet 307. The pressing roller 301 can also crush the compacted soil layer on the furrow 1001, reduce the difficulty of subsequent digging, and facilitate the separation of soil from potatoes. The knife wheels 303 are placed in pairs on both sides of the furrow 1001 to separate the furrow 1001 from the soil on both sides, reduce the resistance of the harvester when walking, and facilitate the reduction of the digging difficulty of the digging shovel 304 immediately behind it. The cutting depth of the cutter wheel 303 can be adjusted by the cutter wheel adjustment lever 308. The digging shovel 304 shovels the potatoes together with the crushed soil layer, the ground film covered by the ground 10, and the vines / stems and leaves onto the harvesting conveyor module 305. When the harvesting conveyor module 305 rotates upward, the smaller soil blocks fall to the ground 10 through the gap of its chain to perform the initial screening of debris. The remaining potatoes, vines, rhizomes, soil blocks and ground film are input into the potato stem separation mechanism 4 for the next screening. The transport surface of the harvesting conveyor module 305 is moderately shaken to improve the initial screening effect of debris and screen out more small soil blocks.

[0033] In one possible implementation, Figure 2 As shown in Figure 4, in order to reduce the walking resistance of the harvester when not harvesting potatoes, the harvesting mechanism 3 also includes telescopic cylinders 311, which are symmetrically arranged in pairs on both sides of the harvesting conveyor belt module 305. The telescopic cylinders 311, the harvesting mechanism brackets 306 and the gantry chassis 1 are hinged in pairs to form a triangle. The telescopic cylinders 311 are driven to extend and retract, and the harvesting mechanism 3 can be controlled to rotate around the hinge point on the gantry chassis 1, so that the harvesting mechanism 3 moves closer to or away from the ground 10. Figure 2 In the structure shown in Figure 4, due to the lever principle, when the telescopic cylinder 311 is extended, the telescopic cylinder 311 lifts the harvesting mechanism 3 from the ground 10, which can prevent obstacles on the ground 10 from hindering the harvester during its travel; when the telescopic cylinder 311 is retracted, the harvesting mechanism 3 descends and contacts the ground 10, and the harvesting mechanism 3 can harvest potatoes. The digging depth can also be accurately controlled by the coordination of the telescopic degree of the telescopic cylinder 311 and the depth limiting wheel 302.

[0034] In one possible implementation, Figure 3a and Figure 5As shown, the potato stem separation mechanism 4 includes a cover plate 404, a cleaning conveyor belt module 401 and a transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 installed on the gantry chassis 1. The cover plates 404 are arranged vertically in pairs, and are arranged on both sides of adjacent cleaning conveyor belt modules 401 and transverse transport conveyor belt modules 402 to prevent the items transported on the cleaning conveyor belt modules 401 and transverse transport conveyor belt modules 402 from falling from the sides. The transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 is arranged in a larger ring shape, and its top surface is its transport surface. The transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 is arranged on the inner side of the ring of the cleaning conveyor belt module 401, and the top surface of the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 is its transport surface. The transport surface of the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 is arranged parallel to the transport surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module 401. The cleaning conveyor belt module 401 and the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 run in the same direction, and the running speed of the cleaning conveyor belt module 401 is faster than the running speed of the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402, that is, the two run at a differential speed. The cleaning conveyor belt module 401 and the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 can adopt a sprocket transmission structure, and its driving principle is the existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0035] The conveying surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module 401 is provided with a plurality of large screening holes 4011 distributed in an array, and the size of the large screening holes 4011 is adapted to the upper limit of the potato size set according to experience; the conveying surface of the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 is provided with a plurality of small screening holes 4021 distributed in an array, and the size of the small screening holes 4021 is adapted to the lower limit of the potato size set according to experience. Preferably, the cleaning conveyor belt module 401 and the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 are respectively provided with a vibration drive mechanism, so that the cleaning conveyor belt module 401 is moderately shaken during the rotation process, and the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 is slightly shaken during the rotation process, so as to reduce potato damage and improve cleaning efficiency.

[0036] It is understandable that the items (including potatoes, vines / stems and leaves, soil clods, mulch films, etc.) transported by the harvesting mechanism 3 first reach the conveying surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module 401, and the smaller potatoes, soil clods, etc. fall from the large screening holes 4011 on the conveying surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module 401 and reach the conveying surface of the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402. The remaining items (vines / stems and leaves, mulch films, etc.) that have not fallen follow the conveying surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module 401 and finally fall from the tail end of the cleaning conveyor belt module 401 to the ground 10. In this state, some of the potatoes that fall from the large screening holes 4011 are still connected to their stems and leaves. Through the differential operation of the cleaning conveyor belt module 401 and the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402, the potatoes and vines / stems and leaves can be pulled in the opposite direction to forcibly separate the potatoes. The small screening holes 4021 are provided to make small soil clods / broken soil and potatoes that are too small and do not meet the size requirements fall from the conveying surface of the transverse transport conveyor module 402 to the ground, and the separated potatoes are further screened. During the transportation process, the cleaning conveyor module 401 and the transverse transport conveyor module 402 are shaken to different degrees, and larger soil clods can be broken or soil clods attached to some potatoes can be shaken off, so as to achieve a better potato screening effect.

[0037] In one possible implementation, Figure 3a and Figure 5 As shown, the potato stem separation mechanism 4 includes a cutting knife 403 installed on the gantry chassis 1, and the cutting knife 403 is fixedly arranged between the conveying surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module 401 and the conveying surface of the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402, and the cutting edge of the cutting knife 403 is arranged opposite to the moving direction of the conveying surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module 401. Preferably, the cutting knife 403 is transversely installed on the cover plates 404 on both sides of the cleaning conveyor belt module 401, and is arranged below the conveying surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module 401, and the installation height of the cutting knife 403 is adjustable.

[0038] It can be understood that, after the potatoes fall through the large screening hole 4011, they are not separated from the rhizomes. Some of them are separated by pulling due to the difference in moving speed between the cleaning conveyor belt module 401 and the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402. Those that are still not separated can be cut by the cutting knife 403, so that they are forcibly separated and fall onto the conveying surface of the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402, thereby preventing the ground film and vines from being entangled in the cleaning chain due to the pulling of the rhizomes, thereby ensuring the continuous operation capability of the machine.

[0039] In one possible implementation, Figure 6a , Figure 6b and Figure 7As shown, the transfer mechanism 5 includes a rectangular frame 501 and a longitudinal conveyor belt module 502. The rectangular frame 501 is provided with an annular storage space surrounding the output end of the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402, and the longitudinal conveyor belt module 502 is arranged in the annular storage space. The longitudinal conveyor belt module 502 can circulate along the annular storage space, and the longitudinal conveyor belt module 502 can adopt a sprocket transmission structure, and its driving principle is the existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0040] The outer side of the annular storage space is provided with a plurality of grilles 5011, and the grilles 5011 are used to drop the crushed soil carried by the potatoes during transportation. The inner side of the annular storage space is provided with a lower opening 501a and an upper opening 501b, and the lower opening 501a is connected to the output end of the transverse transport conveyor module 402, and the upper opening 501b is connected to the input end of the subpackaging mechanism 6. The longitudinal conveyor module 502 is provided with a single or multiple silos 5021, and the silos 5021 move with the longitudinal conveyor module 502, and the opening of the silo 5021 is adapted to the lower opening 501a or the upper opening 501b of the annular storage space.

[0041] It can be understood that when the opening of the silo 5021 overlaps with the lower opening 501a of the annular storage space, the potatoes output from the output end of the transverse transport conveyor module 402 pass through the lower opening 501a of the annular storage space and fall into the silo 5021; when the longitudinal conveyor module 502 continues to operate, the opening of the silo 5021 leaves the lower opening 501a of the annular storage space, and the silo 5021 is closed at this time, and the potatoes follow the silo 5021 and move along the annular storage space toward the top of the rectangular frame 501. When the silo 5021 reaches the top of the rectangular frame 501, the opening of the silo 5021 overlaps with the upper opening 501b of the annular storage space, and the potatoes in the silo 5021 fall through the upper opening 501b of the annular storage space and reach the input end of the subpackaging mechanism 6. During the longitudinal transportation of potatoes, the remaining crushed soil falls through the grille 5011, so that the potatoes are screened and removed again, thereby improving the cleanliness of the potatoes.

[0042] In one possible implementation, Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7As shown, the packing mechanism 6 includes a packing conveyor belt module 601, a protective plate 602, and a packing slot 603. The protective plate 602 is fixedly arranged along the edge of the packing conveyor belt module 601. The input end of the packing conveyor belt module 601 is connected to the output end of the longitudinal conveyor belt module 502. The output end of the packing conveyor belt module 601 is connected to the input end of the packing slot 603. The packing slot 603 has a plurality of output ports, and each output port of the packing slot 603 is respectively provided with a detachable packing bag 604.

[0043] It is understandable that the packing conveyor belt module 601 can adopt a sprocket transmission structure, and its driving principle is a prior art and will not be repeated here. A vibration drive mechanism is provided in the packing conveyor belt module 601, so that the transport surface of the harvesting conveyor belt module 305 is slightly shaken during the rotating transportation process. The packing conveyor belt module 601 screens out the potatoes transported by the transfer mechanism 5 in the last step of crushed soil by slightly shaking, and then sends them to the packing trough 603 for packing. The guard plate 602 protects the potatoes in transportation from falling. The packing trough 603 divides the potatoes into multiple outputs, and bags the potatoes at each output port, and then ties the packing bags 604 tightly for subsequent unified collection. By providing multiple output ports in the packing trough 603, the potatoes at each output port can be bagged in turn, thereby improving the bagging efficiency.

[0044] Furthermore, each outlet of the dispensing tank 603 is provided with a door panel 6031, which can be opened or closed. When the amount of potatoes at the outlet reaches a certain level and needs to be bagged, the door panel 6031 on the corresponding outlet can be opened; when bagging is completed, the door panel 6031 can be closed.

[0045] In one possible implementation manner, the harvesting conveyor belt module 305, the cleaning conveyor belt module 401, the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 and the packaging conveyor belt module 601 are respectively provided with a vibration drive mechanism. Since the potatoes transported on the harvesting conveyor belt module 305 and the cleaning conveyor belt module 401 are mixed with a large number of large debris, such as vines, large clods of soil, ground film, etc., the separation difficulty is relatively high, while the debris mixed in the potatoes transported on the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 and the packaging conveyor belt module 601 are mainly small clods of soil or broken soil, and the separation difficulty is relatively low, therefore, the vibration intensity of the harvesting conveyor belt module 305 and the cleaning conveyor belt module 401 is set to be greater than the vibration intensity of the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 and the packaging conveyor belt module 601, so that the degree of shaking of the items transported on the harvesting conveyor belt module 305 and the cleaning conveyor belt module 401 is greater than the degree of shaking of the items transported on the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 and the packaging conveyor belt module 601, so as to achieve a better potato impurity removal and screening effect.

[0046] The vibration drive mechanism can be realized by a motor driving the shaking wheel 9 to rotate, and the shaking wheel 9 drives the conveyor belt to shake. The shaking wheel 9 can be realized by an eccentric wheel, a triangular wheel or the like. Figure 8 Taking the triangular wheel as an example, the states of the transmission belt and the triangular wheel at different stages during the vibration drive process are shown. Figure 8 As shown, as the shaking wheel 9 rotates circumferentially, the conveyor belts in the harvesting conveyor belt module 305, the cleaning conveyor belt module 401, the transverse transport conveyor belt module 402 or the packaging conveyor belt module 601 shake up and down following the rotation of the triangular wheel, and the shaking frequency is positively correlated with the rotation frequency of the triangular wheel, and the shaking amplitude is also related to the radial size of the triangular wheel.

[0047] In one possible implementation manner, in order to facilitate the operation of the harvester, Figure 1 As shown in Figure 3, a driving platform 7 and a sub-packaging operation platform 8 are also fixedly provided on the gantry chassis 1. The driving platform 7 is arranged above the potato stem separation mechanism 4, and the sub-packaging operation platform 8 is arranged below the sub-packaging mechanism 6. The harvester only requires two operators to operate, one of whom controls the operation of the harvester in the cockpit, and the other operator replaces the sub-packaging bags 604 and bundles the sub-packaging bags 604 on the sub-packaging operation platform 8. A chute 801 is also provided behind the sub-packaging operation platform 8. The sub-packaging bags 604 with the bag mouths tied can be temporarily stored on the sub-packaging operation platform 8, or can slide down from the harvester through the chute 801, which improves the convenience of operation and reduces labor intensity. The bagged potatoes are slid to the ground 10 through the chute 801 to wait for collection, which reduces manual intervention and improves work efficiency and economic benefits.

[0048] The embodiment provides a small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas. The equipment is compact, occupies a small space, and is flexible to operate. It can realize equipment miniaturization to a large extent, save equipment costs, and is more suitable for scenes with small mountain planting areas. It can solve the problem of harvesting potatoes on mountain slopes. The harvester can complete the work of potato digging, sorting, packaging, and transportation at one time, solving the problem of excessive demand for potato harvesters and poor flexibility, effectively improving potato harvesting efficiency and flexibility, reducing labor costs, and increasing economic benefits.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas, characterized in that: The invention comprises a gantry chassis (1), a crawler (2), a harvesting mechanism (3), a potato stem separation mechanism (4), a transfer mechanism (5) and a sub-packaging mechanism (6); the crawler (2) is arranged at the lower part of the gantry chassis (1); the harvesting mechanism (3), the potato stem separation mechanism (4), the transfer mechanism (5) and the sub-packaging mechanism (6) are fixedly connected to the gantry chassis (1); the harvesting mechanism (3) is arranged at the front end of the gantry chassis (1); the harvesting mechanism (3), the potato stem separation mechanism (4), the transfer mechanism (5) and the sub-packaging mechanism (6) are connected in sequence.

2. A small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The harvesting mechanism (3) comprises a pressing roller (301), a depth-limiting wheel (302), a cutting wheel (303), a digging shovel (304), a harvesting conveyor belt module (305) and a harvesting mechanism bracket (306); the pressing roller (301), the depth-limiting wheel (302), the cutting wheel (303), the digging shovel (304) and the harvesting conveyor belt module (305) are sequentially connected to the harvesting mechanism bracket (306); The pressing roller (301), the depth limiting wheel (302), and the cutter wheel (303) are arranged in pairs; the pressing roller (301) and the cutter wheel (303) are both arranged on the inner side of the depth limiting wheel (302); the bottom end position of the pressing roller (301), the bottom end position of the depth limiting wheel (302), and the bottom end position of the cutter wheel (303) are successively lowered; the heights of the pressing roller (301), the depth limiting wheel (302), and the cutter wheel (303) are adjustable; the front end of the digging shovel (304) is arranged at the rear end of the cutter wheel (303); the rear end of the digging shovel (304) is located at the front end of the harvesting conveyor belt module (305); the harvesting conveyor belt module (305) is arranged obliquely; and the rear end of the harvesting conveyor belt module (305) is butted against the potato stem separation mechanism (4).

3. A small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The harvesting mechanism (3) further comprises a telescopic cylinder (311), wherein the telescopic cylinder (311), the harvesting mechanism bracket (306) and the gantry chassis (1) are hingedly connected in pairs to form a triangle.

4. A small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas according to any one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that: The potato stem separation mechanism (4) comprises a cleaning conveyor belt module (401) and a transverse transport conveyor belt module (402) mounted on the gantry chassis (1); the transverse transport conveyor belt module (402) is arranged on the inner side of the cleaning conveyor belt module (401), and the transverse transport conveyor belt module (402) is arranged in parallel with the cleaning conveyor belt module (401); the cleaning conveyor belt module (401) and the transverse transport conveyor belt module (402) run in the same direction, and the running speed of the cleaning conveyor belt module (401) is faster than the running speed of the transverse transport conveyor belt module (402); A plurality of large screening holes (4011) distributed in an array are provided on the conveying surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module (401), and the size of the large screening holes (4011) is adapted to the upper limit of the potato size; a plurality of small screening holes (4021) distributed in an array are provided on the conveying surface of the transverse transport conveyor belt module (402), and the size of the small screening holes (4021) is adapted to the lower limit of the potato size.

5. A small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The potato stem separation mechanism (4) comprises a cutting knife (403) mounted on the gantry chassis (1); the cutting knife (403) is fixedly arranged between the conveying surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module (401) and the conveying surface of the transverse transport conveyor belt module (402); and the cutting edge of the cutting knife (403) is arranged opposite to the moving direction of the conveying surface of the cleaning conveyor belt module (401).

6. A small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 and 5, characterized in that: The transfer mechanism (5) comprises a rectangular frame (501) and a longitudinal conveyor belt module (502); the rectangular frame (501) is provided with an annular storage space surrounding the output end of the transverse transport conveyor belt module (402); the longitudinal conveyor belt module (502) is arranged in the annular storage space; The inner side of the annular storage space is provided with a lower opening (501a) and an upper opening (501b), the lower opening (501a) is connected to the output end of the transverse transport conveyor module (402), and the upper opening (501b) is connected to the input end of the subpackaging mechanism (6); The longitudinal conveyor belt module (502) is provided with a material bin (5021), the material bin (5021) moves with the longitudinal conveyor belt module (502), and the opening of the material bin (5021) is matched with the lower end opening (501a) or the upper end opening (501b) of the annular storage space.

7. A small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The subpackaging mechanism (6) comprises a subpackaging conveyor belt module (601), a protective plate (602), and a subpackaging slot (603); the protective plate (602) is fixedly arranged along the edge of the subpackaging conveyor belt module (601); the input end of the subpackaging conveyor belt module (601) is connected to the output end of the longitudinal conveyor belt module (502); the output end of the subpackaging conveyor belt module (601) is connected to the input end of the subpackaging slot (603); the subpackaging slot (603) has a plurality of output ports, and each output port of the subpackaging slot (603) is respectively provided with a detachable subpackaging bag (604).

8. A small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each output port of the dispensing tank (603) is provided with a door panel (6031), and the door panel (6031) can be opened or closed.

9. A small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The harvesting conveyor belt module (305), the cleaning conveyor belt module (401), the transverse transport conveyor belt module (402) and the packaging conveyor belt module (601) are respectively provided with a vibration drive mechanism, and the vibration intensity of the harvesting conveyor belt module (305) and the cleaning conveyor belt module (401) is greater than the vibration intensity of the transverse transport conveyor belt module (402) and the packaging conveyor belt module (601).

10. The small-sized potato combine harvester for mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving platform (7) and a sub-packaging operation platform (8) are also fixedly provided on the gantry chassis (1); the driving platform (7) is arranged above the potato stem separation mechanism (4), and the sub-packaging operation platform (8) is arranged below the sub-packaging mechanism (6).

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