Root-stalk high-efficiency breaking, ditching, deep burying and returning machine with collecting and classifying functions

Abstract

The present application belongs to agricultural machinery, and relates to a root and straw high-efficiency crushing, ditching, deep burying and returning machine with collecting and classifying functions. The device comprises an outer shell, a root and straw crushing and collecting device, a large and small root and straw classifying device and a ditching and deep burying device. The root and straw crushing and collecting device realizes efficient crushing of stubble bodies through stubble moving knives and stubble fixed knives, and realizes efficient collection of straws through a reciprocating rake driven by a sliding block. Root and straw crushing materials of different volumes are classified through a screen plate, and large and small root and straw crushing materials are transported to the lowest point through the movement of large and small ditching knives driven by large and small chains to complete deep burying and returning at different depths. The ditching positions of the large and small chains can be accurately adjusted through the movement of a limiting wheel controlled by a controller, and the classified deep burying can improve the rotting rate of root and straw.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a straw efficient crushing, ditching and deep burying machine for returning straw to the field with the functions of collecting and sorting, and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery. Background Art

[0002] The existing root straw crushing, trenching and deep burial returning machine disturbs a large amount of soil between ridges during operation, the roots and straw are not collected sufficiently, the root straw coverage rate is low after trenching, and the root stubble is not sufficiently crushed, resulting in a slow decomposition rate, decreased soil fertility, and poor quality of root straw crushing and returning to the field, which affects subsequent sowing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned technical problems and design a root straw efficient crushing, trenching and deep burying machine with collection and classification functions. The stubble crushing movable knife can cooperate with the telescopic stubble crushing fixed knife to achieve efficient stubble crushing. The reciprocating rotation of the root crushing movable knife can avoid the soil between the root stubble and reduce soil disturbance. The reciprocating motion harrow can collect straw efficiently. The classification screen plate can screen the root straw crushed materials of different volumes, which is conducive to the decomposition of the root straw after deep burial. The trenching knife can dig trenches of different depths according to the volume of the root straw crushed materials, realize the classification and burial of the root straw, and improve the root straw coverage rate and decomposition rate. The purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: A root straw efficient crushing, trenching and deep burying machine with collection and classification functions is characterized in that the device includes a three-point suspension frame, an outer shell, a root straw crushing and collecting device, a large and small root straw sorting device, and a trenching and deep burying device. The three-point suspension frame is fixed on the upper end of the outer shell, a root straw crushing and collecting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the outer shell, a large and small root straw sorting mechanism is arranged at the middle end of the outer shell, and a trenching and deep burying mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the outer shell.

[0004] The root straw crushing and collecting device comprises a first auger shell body, a first auger blade, a mounting plate, a third power source, a third motor, a seventh coupling, a root stubble crushing mechanism, and a straw collecting mechanism. The mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the front end of the shell body. The above-mentioned root stubble crushing mechanism comprises a lifting power source, a lifting motor, a first coupling, a lifting rotating rod, a connecting rod, a column, a stubble crushing movable knife, a stubble crushing fixed knife, a slide frame, a nut block, a fixed knife power source, a fixed knife motor controller, a fixed knife motor, a second coupling, a fixed knife worm, a fixed knife worm gear, and a fixed knife lead screw. The lifting power source and the lifting motor are all fixedly mounted on the mounting plate. The lifting power source is connected to the lifting motor through an electric wire and the output shaft of the lifting motor is fixedly mounted on the lifting rotating rod through the first coupling, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged with the lifting rotating rod and the column. The axis of the column is eccentrically arranged with the axis of the output shaft of the lifting motor. The column is slidably mounted in the slide slot of the slide frame, the stubble crushing movable knife is fixedly mounted in the middle of the column, the root breaking movable knife is fixedly mounted at the lower part of the column, and the stubble crushing movable knife The outer body is half-moon shaped, and a series of evenly distributed tooth-shaped cutting edges are arranged on the outer edge of the stubble crushing moving knife. The cutting edge of the stubble crushing moving knife is in a continuous arc-shaped wave shape along the outer edge of the cutter body, and the cutting edge of the root breaking moving knife is in a triangular sawtooth shape. The slide frame is fixedly mounted on the front end of the outer body, and the fixed knife power supply, fixed knife motor and fixed knife motor controller are all fixedly mounted on the slide frame. The fixed knife power supply is connected to the fixed knife motor through wires, and the output shaft of the fixed knife motor is fixed to the fixed knife worm through the second coupling. The fixed knife motor controller is respectively connected to the fixed knife power supply, fixed knife motor and fixed knife motor controller through wires. The fixed knife motor is connected, the fixed knife worm is meshed with the fixed knife worm gear, the fixed knife worm gear is rotatably mounted on the side end of the slide frame, the fixed knife lead screw is fixedly mounted on the fixed knife worm gear, the inner thread of the nut block is meshed with the fixed knife lead screw, the nut block is slidably mounted on the guide groove of the slide frame, the fixed knife connecting block is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the nut block, the stubble crushing fixed knife is arranged at a certain distance from the stubble crushing movable knife to form a supporting cutting function, the stubble crushing fixed knife is fixedly mounted on the fixed knife connecting block, and the root stubble crushing mechanism is arranged in the middle of the front end of the outer shell;The above-mentioned straw collecting mechanism includes a reciprocating rake power supply, a reciprocating rake motor, a third coupling, a reciprocating rotating rod, a rocker, a slider, a reciprocating slide, a slide connecting plate, a connecting plate, a first power supply, a first controller, a first motor, a fourth coupling, a worm, a worm gear, a lead screw, a nut, a reciprocating rake, and a side plate. The side plate is fixedly mounted on the side surface of the front end of the outer shell. The reciprocating rake power supply and the reciprocating rake motor are both fixedly mounted on the side plate. The reciprocating rake motor is connected to the reciprocating rake power supply through an electric wire. The output shaft of the reciprocating rake motor is coaxially fixed to the reciprocating rotating rod through the third coupling. The two ends of the rocker are respectively hinged to the reciprocating rotating rod and the slider. The slide connecting plate is fixedly mounted on both sides of the front end of the outer shell. The reciprocating slide is fixed on the slide connecting plate. The slider is slidably mounted on the reciprocating slide The connecting plate is fixed to the slider. The first power supply, the first controller, the first motor, and the worm are all fixed to the connecting plate. The reciprocating rake is fixed to the nut. The first motor is connected to the first power supply via wires. The first controller is connected to the first power supply and the first motor via wires. The output shaft of the first motor is fixed to the worm via a fourth coupling. The worm meshes with the worm gear. The worm gear is rotatably mounted on the connecting plate. The lead screw is fixed to the worm gear. The internal thread of the nut meshes with the lead screw. The straw collection mechanism is arranged on both sides of the front end of the outer shell. The third motor is fixed to the lower end of the top plate of the outer shell. The third power supply is fixed to the side end of the third motor. The output shaft of the third motor is fixed to the input shaft of the first auger blade via a seventh coupling. The first auger blade is rotatably mounted within the first auger outer shell.

[0005] The large and small root straw sorting device includes a material dividing shell, a flipping and unloading mechanism, a second power supply, a second controller, a second motor, a fifth coupling, an air compressor, a cylinder, and a top plate connecting frame. One end face of the top plate connecting frame is fixedly connected to the top plate of the outer shell, and the other end of the top plate connecting frame is fixedly connected to the material dividing shell. A slide groove is provided inside the material dividing shell and a baffle is provided. A material inlet is provided at the upper end of the material dividing shell, and a material discharge port is provided on one side of the material dividing shell. The first channel is fixedly installed at the upper part of the side end of the material dividing shell, the second channel is fixedly installed at the lower part of the side end of the material dividing shell, and the fourth motor is fixedly installed at the upper part of the side end of the material dividing shell. The outer shell of the second auger is fixedly mounted on the material distribution shell, the fourth power supply is fixedly mounted on the fourth motor, the output shaft of the fourth motor is fixedly mounted on the second auger blade through the eighth coupling, the second power supply, the second controller, the second motor, the air compressor and the cylinder are fixedly mounted on the side plate of the material distribution shell, the second motor is connected to the second power supply through wires, the second controller is respectively connected to the second power supply and the second motor through wires, the output shaft of the second motor is connected to the air compressor through the sixth coupling, the air compressor is connected to the cylinder through a pipeline, the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the cylindrical end of the slide plate. The above-mentioned flipping and unloading mechanism includes a slide plate, a flipping power supply, a flip controller, a flip motor, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a support shaft, a support block, a first bearing seat, a support plate, a large-hole sieve plate, a non-porous sieve plate, and a wireless pressure sensor. The slide plate can be slidably mounted in the slide groove inside the material distribution shell, the flipping power supply, the flip controller and the flip motor are all fixedly mounted on the slide plate, the flip motor is connected to the flip power supply through wires, the flip controller is respectively connected to the flip power supply and the flip motor through wires, and the flip motor output The shaft is fixed to the first connecting rod through the sixth coupling, one end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the first connecting rod, and the other end is hinged to the support shaft, the support shaft is coaxially fixed to the circular hole of the support block, the support block is fixed on the support plate, the wireless pressure sensor is fixed at the lower end of the support plate, the mounting hole of the first bearing seat is coaxially rotatably mounted with the support shaft, the lower end of the first bearing seat is fixed to the slide plate, the large-hole sieve plate and the hole-free sieve plate are both fixed on the support plate, and the flipping and unloading mechanism is arranged in one group on both sides of the symmetrical side of the material distribution shell, and moves alternately according to the quality of the root straw collected on the screen plate.

[0006] The deep-buried trenching device includes a symmetrical plate, a seventh power supply, a seventh controller, a seventh motor, and a trenching screw. The trenching side plate is fixedly mounted on the side end of the material distribution shell, the plate is fixedly mounted on the rear end plate of the outer shell, the fifth motor is fixedly mounted on the trenching side plate, the sixth motor is fixedly mounted on the plate, the fifth power supply is fixedly mounted on the fifth motor, the sixth power supply is fixedly mounted on the sixth motor, the output shaft of the fifth motor is fixedly mounted coaxially with the rotating shaft through the ninth coupling, the output shaft of the sixth motor is fixedly mounted coaxially with the rotating shaft through the tenth coupling, the rotating shaft is fixedly mounted coaxially with the driving sprocket, the short shaft is fixedly mounted coaxially with the driven sprocket, the short shaft is rotatably mounted on the second bearing seat, the two second bearing seats are respectively fixedly mounted on the material distribution shell and the outer shell, the large trenching knife is fixedly mounted on the large chain, the small trenching knife is fixedly mounted on the small chain, the large trenching knife and the small trenching knife both have two blades, the front blade surface is triangular curved arc shape, and the back blade surface is bowl-shaped. The large chain is engaged with the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket, the small chain is engaged with the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket, the two symmetrical plates are respectively fixed to the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate, the first fixed plate is fixed to the lower end of the side plate of the material distribution shell, the second fixed plate is fixed to the lower end of the rear side plate of the outer shell, the seventh power supply, the seventh controller and the seventh motor are all fixed in the symmetrical plate slide, the seventh motor is connected to the seventh power supply through wires, the seventh controller is connected to the seventh power supply and the seventh motor through wires, the output shaft of the seventh motor is coaxially fixed to the trenching screw through the eleventh coupling, the internal thread of the screw nut is engaged with the trenching screw, the screw nut is slidably installed in the symmetrical plate slide, the shifting wheel shaft is fixed to the screw nut, and the shifting wheel shaft is rotatably coaxially installed on the wheel hole of the shifting wheel, thereby constituting a root and straw efficient crushing, trenching and deep burying machine with collection and classification functions.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention mainly includes an outer shell, a root straw crushing and collecting device, a large and small root straw sorting device, and a ditching and deep burial device. The root straw crushing and collecting device realizes efficient stubble crushing through a movable stubble crushing knife and a fixed stubble crushing knife, and realizes efficient straw collection by driving a reciprocating rake to drag the straw through a slider; root straw crushed materials of different volumes are classified by the sieve plate, and large and small chains drive large and small ditching knives to move and transport the large and small root straw crushed materials to the lowest point to complete deep burial and return to the field at different depths, and the controller controls the movement of the limiting wheel to accurately adjust the ditching position of the large and small chains, and classified deep burial can improve the root straw decomposition rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0009] Figure 1 Axonometric drawing of a straw collecting and sorting machine with high efficiency, ditching and deep burial function.

[0010] Figure 2Axonometric view of the interior of a straw collecting and sorting machine with high efficiency, ditching, and deep burial capabilities.

[0011] Figure 3 A partial axonometric view of the straw crushing and collection device

[0012] Figure 4 Two partial axonometric drawings of the large and small straw sorting device in different operating states and a partial enlarged drawing of the flipping and unloading mechanism

[0013] Figure 5 Partial axonometric drawing of the trenching and deep burial device

[0014] Description of part numbers in the figure:

[0015] 1. Three-point suspension frame 2. Outer shell 3. Lifting power supply 4. Lifting motor 5. First coupling 6. Lifting rotating rod 7. Connecting rod 8. Column 9. Stubble crushing movable knife 10. Stubble crushing fixed knife 11. Slide frame 12. Nut block 13. Fixed knife power supply 14. Fixed knife motor controller 15. Fixed knife motor 16. Second coupling 17. Fixed knife worm gear 18. Reciprocating harrow power supply 19. Reciprocating harrow motor 20. Third coupling 21. Reciprocating rotating rod 22. Rocker 23. Slider 24. Reciprocating slide 25. Slide connecting plate 26. Connecting plate 27. A power supply 28, a first controller 29, a first motor 30, a fourth coupling 31, a worm 32, a worm gear 33, a lead screw 34, a nut 35, a reciprocating harrow 36, a first auger shell 37, a first auger blade 38, a chute plate 39, a flip power supply 40, a flip controller 41, a flip motor 42, a first connecting rod 43, a second connecting rod 44, a support shaft 45, a support block 46, a first bearing seat 47, a support plate 48, a large-hole sieve plate 49, a material distribution shell 50, a non-porous sieve plate 51, a second power supply 52, a second controller 53, a first Second motor 54, fifth coupling 55, air compressor 56, cylinder 57, fixed blade screw 58, fixed blade worm 59, sixth coupling 60, mounting plate 61, third power supply 62, third motor 63, seventh coupling 64, fourth power supply 65, fourth motor 66, eighth coupling 67, first channel 68, second channel 69, top plate connecting frame 70, trenching side plate 71, fifth power supply 72, fifth motor 73, ninth coupling 74, rotating shaft 75, shifting wheel 76, driving sprocket 77, large trenching knife 78, short shaft 79, first Second bearing seat 80, small trenching knife 81, second auger shell 82, second auger blade 83, sixth power supply 84, sixth motor 85, tenth coupling 86, large chain 87, small chain 88, symmetrical plate 89, screw nut 90, first fixed plate 91, seventh power supply 92, seventh controller 93, seventh motor 94, eleventh coupling 95, trenching screw 96, side plate 97, second fixed plate 98, driven sprocket 99, plate 100, root breaking movable knife 101, fixed knife connecting block 102, wireless pressure sensor 103, displacement axle DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following is a detailed description of the implementation scheme of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. A root straw efficient crushing, ditching and deep burying machine with a collection and classification function includes a three-point suspension frame 1, an outer shell 2, a root straw crushing and collecting device, a large and small root straw classification device, and a ditching and deep burying device. The three-point suspension frame 1 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the outer shell 2, the root straw crushing and collecting device is arranged at the front end of the outer shell 2, the large and small root straw classification device is arranged at the inner middle end of the outer shell 2, and the ditching and deep burying device is arranged at the inner rear end of the outer shell 2.

[0017] The root straw crushing and collecting device includes a first auger outer shell 36, a first auger blade 37, a mounting plate 60, a third power supply 61, a third motor 62, a seventh coupling 63, a root stubble crushing mechanism, and a straw collecting mechanism. The mounting plate 60 is fixedly mounted on the front end of the outer shell 2. The root stubble crushing mechanism includes a lifting power supply 3, a lifting motor 4, a first coupling 5, a lifting rotating rod 6, a connecting rod 7, a column 8, a stubble crushing knife 9, a stubble crushing fixed knife 10, a slide frame 11, a nut block 12, a fixed knife power supply 13, a fixed knife motor controller 14, a fixed knife motor 15, a second coupling 16, and a fixed knife. The knife worm 58, the fixed knife worm gear 17, the fixed knife screw 57, the lifting power supply 3 and the lifting motor 4 are all fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 60. The lifting power supply 3 is connected to the lifting motor 4 through an electric wire. The output shaft of the lifting motor 4 is fixedly mounted on the lifting rod 6 through the first coupling 5. The two ends of the connecting rod 7 are respectively hinged to the lifting rod 6 and the column 8. The axis of the column 8 is eccentrically arranged with the axis of the output shaft of the lifting motor 4. The column 8 is slidably mounted in the slide groove of the slide frame 11. The stubble moving knife 9 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the column 8, and the root breaking moving knife 100 is fixedly mounted at the lower part of the column 8. The stubble moving knife 9 is cut The outer shell is in the shape of a half moon, and the outer edge of the stubble moving knife 9 is provided with a series of evenly distributed toothed edges. The cutting edge of the stubble moving knife 9 is in a continuous arc-shaped wave shape along the outer edge of the knife body. The blade of the root breaking moving knife 100 is a triangular sawtooth shape. The chute frame 11 is fixedly mounted on the front end of the outer shell 2. The fixed knife power supply 13, the fixed knife motor 15 and the fixed knife motor controller 14 are all fixedly mounted on the chute frame 11. The fixed knife power supply 13 is connected to the fixed knife motor 15 through an electric wire. The output shaft of the fixed knife motor 15 is fixed to the fixed knife worm 58 through a second coupling 16. The fixed knife motor controller 14 is respectively connected to the fixed knife power supply 13, the fixed knife motor 15 and the fixed knife motor controller 14 through electric wires. The stubble crushing mechanism is arranged on the middle part of the outer shell 2; the stubble crushing mechanism 10 is connected to the machine 15, the fixed knife worm 58 is engaged with the fixed knife worm gear 17, the fixed knife worm gear 17 is rotatably mounted on the side end of the slide frame 11, the fixed knife screw 57 is fixedly mounted on the fixed knife worm gear 17, the internal thread of the nut block 12 is engaged with the fixed knife screw 57, the nut block 12 is slidably mounted on the guide groove of the slide frame 11, the fixed knife connecting block 101 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the nut block 12, the stubble crushing fixed knife 10 is at a certain distance, so that it cooperates with the stubble crushing movable knife 9 to form a supporting and cutting function, the stubble crushing fixed knife 10 is fixedly mounted on the fixed knife connecting block 101, and the root stubble crushing mechanism is arranged at the middle part of the front end of the outer shell 2;The straw collecting mechanism includes a reciprocating rake power supply 18, a reciprocating rake motor 19, a third coupling 20, a reciprocating rotating rod 21, a rocker 22, a slider 23, a reciprocating slide 24, a slide connecting plate 25, a connecting plate 26, a first power supply 27, a first controller 28, a first motor 29, a fourth coupling 30, a worm 31, a worm gear 32, a lead screw 33, a nut 34, a reciprocating rake 35, and a side plate 96. The side plate 96 is fixed to the side surface of the front end of the outer shell 2. The harrow power supply 18 and the reciprocating harrow motor 19 are both fixedly mounted on the side plate 96. The reciprocating harrow motor 19 is connected to the reciprocating harrow power supply 18 by a wire. The output shaft of the reciprocating harrow motor 19 is coaxially fixed with the reciprocating rotating rod 21 through a third coupling 20. The two ends 22 of the rocker are respectively hinged with the reciprocating rotating rod 21 and the slider 23. The chute connecting plate 25 is fixedly mounted on both sides of the front end of the outer shell 2. The reciprocating chute 24 is fixedly mounted on the chute connecting plate 25. The slider 23 is slidably mounted on the reciprocating The connecting plate 26 is fixed on the slider 23, the first power supply 27, the first controller 28, the first motor 29 and the worm 31 are all fixed on the connecting plate 26, the reciprocating rake 35 is fixed on the nut 34, the first motor 29 is connected to the first power supply 27 through wires, the first controller 28 is connected to the first power supply 27 and the first motor 29 through wires, the output shaft of the first motor 29 is fixed to the worm 31 through the fourth coupling 30, the worm 31 is meshed with the worm wheel 32, and the worm The worm wheel 32 is rotatably mounted on the connecting plate 26. The lead screw 33 is fixedly mounted on the worm wheel 32. The internal threads of the nut 34 mesh with the lead screw 33. The straw collection mechanism is provided on both sides of the front end of the outer shell 2. The third motor 62 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the top plate of the outer shell 2. The third power supply 61 is fixedly mounted on the side of the third motor 62. The output shaft of the third motor 62 is fixedly connected to the input shaft of the first auger blade 37 via a seventh coupling 63. The first auger blade 37 is rotatably mounted within the first auger outer shell 36.

[0018] The large and small root straw sorting device includes a material dividing shell 49, a flipping and unloading mechanism, a second power supply 51, a second controller 52, a second motor 53, a fifth coupling 54, an air compressor 55, a cylinder 56, and a top plate connecting frame 69. One end face of the top plate connecting frame 69 is fixedly connected to the top plate of the outer shell 2, and the other end face of the top plate connecting frame 69 is fixedly connected to the material dividing shell 49. A slide groove is provided inside the material dividing shell 49 and a baffle is provided. A material inlet is provided at the upper end of the material dividing shell 49, and a material discharge port is provided on one side of the material dividing shell 49. The first channel 67 is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the side end of the material dividing shell 49, and the second channel 68 is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the side end of the material dividing shell 49. The fourth motor 65 and the second auger are externally connected. The housing 81 is fixedly mounted on the material distribution housing 49, the fourth power supply 64 is fixedly mounted on the side end of the fourth motor 65, the output shaft of the fourth motor 65 is fixedly mounted to the second auger blade 82 through the eighth coupling 66, the second power supply 51, the second controller 52, the second motor 53, the air compressor 55 and the cylinder 56 are all fixedly mounted on the side plate of the material distribution housing 49, the second motor 53 is connected to the second power supply 51 through an electric wire, the second controller 52 is connected to the second power supply 51 and the second motor 53 through an electric wire respectively, the output shaft of the second motor 53 is connected to the air compressor 55 through the sixth coupling 54, the air compressor 55 is connected to the cylinder 56 through a pipeline, and the output end of the cylinder 56 is connected to the The cylindrical end of the chute plate 38 is fixed, and the above-mentioned flipping and unloading mechanism includes a chute plate 38, a flip power supply 39, a flip controller 40, a flip motor 41, a first connecting rod 42, a second connecting rod 43, a support shaft 44, a support block 45, a first bearing seat 46, a support plate 47, a large-hole sieve plate 48, a non-porous sieve plate 50, and a wireless pressure sensor 102. The chute plate 38 can be slidably installed in the chute inside the material distribution shell 49. The flip power supply 39, the flip controller 40 and the flip motor 41 are all fixed on the chute plate 38. The flip motor 41 is connected to the flip power supply 39 through wires. The flip controller 40 is connected to the flip power supply 39 and the flip motor 41 through wires. The output shaft of the rotating motor 41 is fixed to the first connecting rod 42 through the sixth coupling 59, one end of the second connecting rod 43 is hinged to the first connecting rod 42, and the other end is hinged to the support shaft 44, the support shaft 44 is coaxially fixed to the circular hole of the support block 45, the support block 45 is fixed on the support plate 47, the wireless pressure sensor 102 is fixed to the lower end of the support plate 47, the mounting hole of the first bearing seat 46 is coaxially rotatably mounted with the support shaft 44, the lower end of the first bearing seat 46 is fixed to the slide plate 38, the large-hole sieve plate 48 and the non-porous sieve plate 50 are both fixed on the support plate 47, and the flipping and unloading mechanism is arranged in one group on both sides of the symmetrical sides of the material distribution shell 49, and alternately moves horizontally according to the quality of the roots and straw collected on the sieve plate.

[0019] The trenching and deep-buried device includes a symmetrical plate 88, a seventh power supply 91, a seventh controller 92, a seventh motor 93, and a trenching screw 95. The trenching side plate 70 is fixed to the side end of the material distribution shell 49, and the plate 99 is fixed to the rear end plate of the outer shell 2. The fifth motor 72 is fixed to the trenching side plate 70, the sixth motor 84 is fixed to the plate 99, the fifth power supply 71 is fixed to the fifth motor 72, and the sixth power supply 83 is fixed to the sixth motor 84. The output shaft of the fifth motor 72 is fixed coaxially with the rotating shaft 74 through the ninth coupling 73. The sixth motor 84 is fixed to the plate 99. The output shaft of the motor 84 is fixed coaxially with the rotating shaft 74 through the tenth coupling 85. The rotating shaft 74 is fixed coaxially with the driving sprocket 76. The short shaft 78 is fixed coaxially with the driven sprocket 98. The short shaft 78 is rotatably mounted on the second bearing seat 79. The two second bearing seats 79 are respectively fixed on the material dividing shell 49 and the outer shell 2. The large grooving knife 77 is fixed on the large chain 86, and the small grooving knife 80 is fixed on the small chain 87. The large grooving knife 77 and the small grooving knife 80 both have two blades, the front blade surface is triangular curved, and the back blade surface is Bowl-shaped, the large chain 86 is engaged with the driving sprocket 76 and the driven sprocket 98, the small chain 87 is engaged with the driving sprocket 76 and the driven sprocket 98, the two symmetrical plates 88 are respectively fixed with the first fixed plate 90 and the second fixed plate 97, the first fixed plate 90 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the side plate of the material distribution shell 49, and the second fixed plate 97 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the rear side plate of the outer shell 2, the seventh power supply 91, the seventh controller 92 and the seventh motor 93 are all fixedly mounted in the chute of the symmetrical plate 88, the seventh motor 93 is connected to the seventh power supply 91 through an electric wire, and the seventh The controller 92 is connected to the seventh power supply 91 and the seventh motor 93 through electric wires respectively. The output shaft of the seventh motor 93 is coaxially fixed with the trenching screw 95 through the eleventh coupling 94. The internal thread of the screw nut 89 is engaged with the trenching screw 95. The screw nut 89 is slidably installed in the slide groove of the symmetrical plate 88. The shifting wheel shaft 103 is fixed with the screw nut 89, and the shifting wheel shaft 103 is rotatably coaxially installed on the wheel hole of the shifting wheel 75. Thus, a root and straw efficient crushing, trenching and deep burying machine with collection and classification functions is formed.

[0020] During operation, the tractor drives the implement forward through the three-point suspension frame 1, the movable knife power supply 3 supplies power to the movable knife motor 4, the movable knife motor 4 drives the lifting rod 6 to rotate through the first coupling 5, and then drives the column 8 to rotate eccentrically through the connecting rod 7, and at the same time makes the column 8 slide up and down in the slide groove of the slide frame 11, and the rotation of the column 8 drives the stubble crushing movable knife 9 and the root breaking movable knife 100 to rotate, thereby realizing the lifting and crushing of the root stubble. At the same time, the fixed knife power supply 13 supplies power to the fixed knife motor 15, and the fixed knife motor controller 14 controls the fixed knife motor 15 to rotate. The fixed knife motor 15 drives the fixed knife worm 58 to rotate through the second coupling 16, and the rotation of the fixed knife worm 58 drives the fixed knife worm gear 17 to rotate, and then drives the fixed knife lead screw 57 to rotate, and the fixed knife The rotation of the lead screw 57 drives the nut block 12 to move left and right, and the left and right movement of the nut block 12 drives the fixed knife connecting block 101 to move left and right, thereby driving the stubble crushing fixed knife 10 to move left and right, so that the stubble crushing fixed knife 10 cooperates with the lifting stubble crushing movable knife 9 to support the crushing stubble body; the crushed roots are thrown from front to back into the feeding port of the first auger outer shell 36, and the machine collects the surface straw. The straw collecting mechanism is symmetrically arranged at the front end of the outer shell 2. The slider 23 is initially at the front end of the reciprocating slide 24. The reciprocating harrow power supply 18 supplies power to the reciprocating harrow motor 19, and the first power supply 27 supplies power to the first motor 29. The reciprocating harrow motor 19 drives the reciprocating rotating rod 21 to rotate through the third coupling 20, thereby The rocker 22 drives the slider 23 on the reciprocating slide 24 to move linearly from front to back, thereby the reciprocating harrow 35 drags the straw on the surface from front to back to the feeding port of the first auger outer shell 36. After the straw is dragged into the feeding port, the reciprocating rotating rod 21 continues to rotate, thereby driving the slider 23 to move linearly from back to front. During this period, the first controller 28 controls the first motor 29 to rotate, and the first motor 29 drives the worm 31 to rotate through the fourth coupling 30, and then drives the lead screw 33 to rotate through the worm gear 32. The rotation of the lead screw 33 drives the nut 34 to move upward on the guide groove of the connecting plate 26, and the reciprocating harrow 35 moves upward, thereby preventing the reciprocating harrow 35 from causing straw to be brought back during its return stroke. When the slider 23 moves to the front end of the reciprocating chute 24 again, the first controller 28 controls the first motor 29 to reverse, so that the reciprocating rake 35 moves downward and reaches the working position again. At this point, a working cycle of backward movement, raising, forward movement and lowering of the reciprocating rake 35 is realized, thereby realizing efficient straw collection; the third power supply 61 supplies power to the third motor 62, and the distribution housing 49 has four chutes inside and is divided into left and right chambers, with a discharge port on one side. The third motor 62 drives the first auger blade 37 to rotate through the seventh coupling 63, and the root straw crushed material is fed from the feeding port of the first auger outer shell 36, and is transported to the discharge port as the first auger blade 37 rotates, and then falls into the left chamber of the distribution housing 49;When the left chamber of the material distribution shell 49 begins to feed, the chute upper flipping and unloading mechanism is symmetrically arranged in two layers from top to bottom to form a large-hole screen plate chute upper flipping and unloading mechanism group. The first layer of the chute upper flipping and unloading mechanism is located in the left chamber of the material distribution shell 49, and the second layer of the chute upper flipping and unloading mechanism is located in the right chamber of the material distribution shell 49. The chute upper flipping and unloading mechanism group is arranged in two groups vertically along the material distribution shell 49, thereby arranging a total of four layers of chute upper flipping and unloading mechanisms. The first and second layers of large-hole screen plates 48 alternately receive large-volume root straw crushed materials. After the root straw crushed materials are screened by the first and second layers of large-hole screen plates 48, the third and fourth layers of non-porous screen plates are used to screen the large-volume root straw crushed materials. 50 alternately receives small-volume root straw crushed objects, the second power supply 51 supplies power to the second motor 53, and the flip power supply 39 supplies power to the flip motor 41. When the wireless pressure sensor 102 senses that the root straw crushed objects on the first layer of screen plate have reached the upper limit weight, the wireless pressure sensor 102 sends a signal to the second controller 52, and the second controller 52 controls the second motor 53 to rotate. The second motor 53 drives the input shaft of the air compressor 55 to rotate through the fifth coupling 54. The air compressor 55 provides compressed air to the cylinder 56. The extended end of the cylinder 56 and the circular axis of the slide plate 38 move synchronously, thereby driving the first and second screen plates. The first layer of chute plate 38 moves from the left chamber to the right chamber, and at this time the second layer of chute plate 38 moves from the right chamber to the left chamber. The movement direction of the third layer of chute plate 38 is the same as that of the first layer of chute plate 38, and the movement direction of the fourth layer of chute plate 38 is the same as that of the second layer of chute plate 38. When the first layer of chute plate 38 moves to the right chamber of the material distribution shell 49, the flip controller 40 controls the flip motor 41 to rotate, and the flip motor 41 drives the first connecting rod 42 to rotate through the sixth coupling 59, and then pushes the support shaft 44 through the second connecting rod 43. The thrust of the support shaft 44 is transmitted to the support plate through the support block 45. 47, thereby driving the large-hole sieve plate 48 to flip. After the root and straw crushed materials are poured out, the flip controller 40 controls the flip motor 41 to reverse, thereby resetting the large-hole sieve plate 48. The large-volume root and straw crushed materials fall to the large trenching knife 77 through the first channel 67, and the small-volume root and straw crushed materials fall into the second auger blade 82 through the second channel 68. The sixth power supply 83 supplies power to the sixth motor 84, and the sixth motor 84 drives the second auger blade 82 to rotate through the eighth coupling 66. The rotation of the second auger blade 82 drives the small-volume root and straw crushed materials to be transported to the discharge port of the second auger outer shell 81, and the small-volume root and straw crushed materials fall to the small trenching knife 80;After the first batch of straw crushed materials are classified, the fifth power supply 71 supplies power to the fifth motor 72, and the sixth power supply 83 supplies power to the sixth motor 84. The fifth motor 72 drives the rotating shaft 74 to rotate through the ninth coupling 73, and the sixth motor 84 drives the rotating shaft 74 to rotate through the tenth coupling 85, thereby driving the two active sprockets 76 to rotate. The two active sprockets 76 respectively drive the large chain 86 and the small chain 87 to move through engagement, thereby driving the large trenching knife 77 on the large chain 86 to move with the large chain 86, and the small trenching knife 80 on the small chain 87 to move with the small chain 87. The large trenching knife 77 and the small trenching knife 80 receive the straw crushed materials from above the chain. When the trenching knife on the chain touches the soil, the front blade of the trenching knife first contacts the soil to complete the trenching. When the rear blade moves to the lowest point of the chain, the crushed straw material falls into the opened trench due to gravity and the throwing force of the trenching blade. The soil is backfilled, and the crushed straw material is deeply buried. The two driving sprockets 76 drive the two driven sprockets 98 to rotate through the meshing transmission of the large chain 86 and the small chain 87. The seventh power supply 91 respectively powers the seventh controller 92 and the seventh motor 93. When the trenching position needs to be adjusted, the seventh controller 92 controls the seventh motor 93 to rotate. The seventh motor 93 drives the trenching screw 95 through the eleventh coupling 94. The rotation of the trenching screw 95 drives the screw nut 89 to slide along the axis of the trenching screw 95. The sliding of the screw nut 89 drives the shifting wheel shaft 103 to move, and in turn drives the shifting wheel 75 to move, thereby achieving the change of the trenching position.

[0021] It should be noted that, in this document, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements that are inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0022] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A straw efficient crushing, trenching and deep burying machine with collection and classification functions, characterized by: The device comprises a three-point suspension frame (1), an outer shell (2), a root straw crushing and collecting device, a large and small root straw sorting device, and a trenching and deep burying device. The upper end of the outer shell (2) is fixedly equipped with the three-point suspension frame (1), the inner front end of the outer shell (2) is provided with the root straw crushing and collecting device, the inner middle end of the outer shell (2) is provided with the large and small root straw sorting device, and the inner rear end of the outer shell (2) is provided with the trenching and deep burying device. The large and small root straw sorting device comprises a material dividing shell (49), a turning and unloading mechanism, a second power supply (51), a second controller (52), a second motor (53), a fifth coupling (54), an air compressor (55), an air cylinder (56), and a top plate connecting frame (69). One end surface of the top plate connecting frame (69) is fixedly connected to the top plate of the outer shell (2). The top plate connecting frame (69) is provided with a plurality of connecting members. The other end face of the material distribution housing (49) is fixedly connected to the material distribution housing (49), a chute is provided inside the material distribution housing (49) and a baffle is provided, an upper end of the material distribution housing (49) is provided with a material inlet, and a side of the material distribution housing (49) is provided with a material dropout port, a first channel (67) is fixedly mounted on the upper part of the side end of the material distribution housing (49), a second channel (68) is fixedly mounted on the lower part of the side end of the material distribution housing (49), a fourth motor (65) and a second auger outer shell (81) are both fixedly mounted on the material distribution housing (49), a fourth power supply (64) is fixedly mounted on the side end of the fourth motor (65), an output shaft of the fourth motor (65) is fixedly mounted on the second auger blade (82) through an eighth coupling (66), a second power supply (51), a second controller (52), a second motor (53), an air compressor (54), and a second motor (53). The compressor (55) and the cylinder (56) are both fixedly mounted on the side plate of the material distribution housing (49), the second motor (53) is connected to the second power supply (51) through an electric wire, the second controller (52) is connected to the second power supply (51) and the second motor (53) through electric wires, the output shaft of the second motor (53) is connected to the air compressor (55) through a fifth coupling (54), the air compressor (55) is connected to the cylinder (56) through a pipeline, the output end of the cylinder (56) is fixedly connected to the cylindrical end of the chute plate (38), the above-mentioned flipping and unloading mechanism includes the chute plate (38), the flipping power supply (39), the flipping controller (40), the flipping motor (41), the first connecting rod (42), the second connecting rod (43), the support shaft (44), the support block ( 45), a first bearing seat (46), a support plate (47), a large-hole sieve plate (48), a non-porous sieve plate (50), a wireless pressure sensor (102), a chute plate (38) is slidably installed in the internal chute of the material distribution shell (49), a flip power supply (39), a flip controller (40) and a flip motor (41) are all fixed on the chute plate (38), the flip motor (41) is connected to the flip power supply (39) through an electric wire, the flip controller (40) is connected to the flip power supply (39) and the flip motor (41) through an electric wire, the output shaft of the flip motor (41) is fixed to the first connecting rod (42) through a sixth coupling (59), one end of the second connecting rod (43) is hinged to the first connecting rod (42), and the other end is hinged to the support shaft (44),The support shaft (44) and the circular hole of the support block (45) are fixed coaxially, the support block (45) is fixed on the support plate (47), the wireless pressure sensor (102) is fixed on the lower end of the support plate (47), the mounting hole of the first bearing seat (46) is coaxially rotatably mounted with the other support shaft (44), the lower end of the first bearing seat (46) is fixed to the chute plate (38), the large-hole sieve plate (48) and the non-hole sieve plate (50) are both fixed on the support plate (47), the flip unloading mechanism is arranged in a group on both sides of the symmetrical inside of the material distribution shell (49), and alternately moves horizontally according to the root straw collection quality on the sieve plate, the inside of the material distribution shell (49) is provided with four chutes and is divided into left and right chambers, one side is provided with a discharge port, and the material distribution is carried out. When the left chamber of the material shell (49) begins to feed, the chute upper turning and unloading mechanism is symmetrically arranged in two layers from top to bottom, forming a large-hole screen plate chute upper turning and unloading mechanism group. The first layer of the chute upper turning and unloading mechanism is located in the left chamber of the material distribution shell (49), and the second layer of the chute upper turning and unloading mechanism is located in the right chamber of the material distribution shell (49). The chute upper turning and unloading mechanism group is vertically arranged in two groups along the material distribution shell (49), thereby arranging a total of four layers of chute upper turning and unloading mechanisms. The first and second layers of large-hole screen plates (48) alternately receive large-volume root straw crushed materials. After the root straw crushed materials are screened by the first and second layers of large-hole screen plates (48), the third and fourth layers of non-porous screen plates (50) alternately receive small-volume root straw crushed materials.

2. The straw efficient crushing, ditching and deep burying machine for returning straw to the field with the collection and classification function according to claim 1 is characterized by: The root straw crushing and collecting device comprises a first auger outer shell (36), a first auger blade (37), a mounting plate (60), a third power supply (61), a third motor (62), a seventh coupling (63), a root stubble crushing mechanism, and a straw collecting mechanism. The mounting plate (60) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the outer shell (2). The root stubble crushing mechanism comprises a lifting power supply (3), a lifting motor (4), a first coupling (5), a lifting rotating rod (6), a connecting rod (7), a column (8), a stubble crushing movable knife (9), a stubble crushing fixed knife (10), a chute frame (11), a nut block (12), a fixed knife power supply (13), a fixed knife motor controller (14), a fixed knife motor (15), a second coupling ( 16), a fixed blade worm (58), a fixed blade worm wheel (17), a fixed blade lead screw (57), a lifting power supply (3) and a lifting motor (4) are all fixedly mounted on a mounting plate (60). The lifting power supply (3) is connected to the lifting motor (4) through an electric wire. The output shaft of the lifting motor (4) is fixedly mounted to the lifting rotating rod (6) through a first coupling (5). The two ends of the connecting rod (7) are respectively hinged to the lifting rotating rod (6) and the column (8). The axis of the column (8) is eccentrically arranged with the axis of the output shaft of the lifting motor (4). The column (8) is slidably mounted in the chute of the chute frame (11). The stubble breaking movable knife (9) is fixedly mounted in the middle of the column (8), and the root breaking movable knife (100) is fixedly mounted at the end of the column (8). The lower part of the stubble crushing movable knife (9) is half-moon-shaped. The outer edge of the stubble crushing movable knife (9) is provided with a series of evenly distributed tooth-shaped cutting edges. The cutting edge of the stubble crushing movable knife (9) is in a continuous arc-shaped wave shape along the outer edge of the knife body. The cutting edge of the root breaking movable knife (100) is in a triangular sawtooth shape. The chute frame (11) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the outer shell (2). The fixed knife power supply (13), the fixed knife motor (15) and the fixed knife motor controller (14) are all fixedly mounted on the chute frame (11). The fixed knife power supply (13) is connected to the fixed knife motor (15) through an electric wire. The output shaft of the fixed knife motor (15) is fixedly mounted on the fixed knife worm (58) through a second coupling (16). The fixed knife motor controller (14) is respectively connected to the fixed knife power supply (13) and the fixed knife motor (15) through an electric wire. , the fixed blade motor (15) is connected, the fixed blade worm (58) is meshed with the fixed blade worm wheel (17), the fixed blade worm wheel (17) is rotatably mounted on the side end of the slide frame (11), the fixed blade screw (57) is fixedly mounted on the fixed blade worm wheel (17), the internal thread of the nut block (12) is meshed with the fixed blade screw (57), the nut block (12) is slidably mounted on the guide groove of the slide frame (11), the fixed blade connecting block (101) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the nut block (12), the stubble crushing fixed blade (10) is arranged at a certain distance to cooperate with the stubble crushing movable blade (9) to form a supporting cutting function, the stubble crushing fixed blade (10) is fixedly mounted on the fixed blade connecting block (101), and the root stubble crushing mechanism is arranged at the middle of the front end of the outer shell (2);The straw collecting mechanism comprises a reciprocating rake power supply (18), a reciprocating rake motor (19), a third coupling (20), a reciprocating rotating rod (21), a rocker (22), a slider (23), a reciprocating chute (24), a chute connecting plate (25), a connecting plate (26), a first power supply (27), a first controller (28), a first motor (29), a fourth coupling (30), a worm (31), a worm gear (32), a lead screw (33), a nut (34), a reciprocating rake (35), and a side plate (96). The side plate (96) is fixedly mounted on the front side of the outer shell (2). The rake power supply (18) and the reciprocating rake motor (19) are both fixedly mounted on the side plate (96). The reciprocating rake motor (19) is connected to the reciprocating rake power supply (18) through an electric wire. The output shaft of the reciprocating rake motor (19) is fixedly mounted coaxially with the reciprocating rotating rod (21) through a third coupling (20). The two ends of the rocker (22) are respectively hinged by the reciprocating rotating rod (21) and the slider (23). The chute connecting plate (25) is fixedly mounted on both sides of the front end of the outer shell (2). The reciprocating chute (24) is fixedly mounted on the chute connecting plate (25). The slider (23) is slidably mounted on the reciprocating chute (24). The plate (26) is fixed on the slider (23), the first power supply (27), the first controller (28), the first motor (29) and the worm (31) are all fixed on the connecting plate (26), the reciprocating rake (35) is fixed on the nut (34), the first motor (29) is connected to the first power supply (27) through an electric wire, the first controller (28) is connected to the first power supply (27) and the first motor (29) through an electric wire, the output shaft of the first motor (29) is fixed to the worm (31) through a fourth coupling (30), the worm (31) is meshed with the worm wheel (32), and the worm wheel (32) is rotatably mounted on the connecting plate. On the connecting plate (26), the lead screw (33) is fixed on the worm gear (32), the internal thread of the nut (34) is engaged with the lead screw (33), the nut (34) is slidably mounted on the guide groove of the connecting plate (26), and the straw collecting mechanism is arranged on both sides of the front end of the outer shell (2); the third motor (62) is fixed on the lower end of the top plate of the outer shell (2), the third power supply (61) is fixed on the side end of the third motor (62), the output shaft of the third motor (62) is fixed to the input shaft of the first auger blade (37) through the seventh coupling (63), and the first auger blade (37) is rotatably mounted in the first auger outer shell (36).

3. The straw efficient crushing, ditching and deep burying machine for returning straw to the field with the collection and classification function according to claim 1 is characterized by: The trenching and deep-buried device comprises a symmetrical plate (88), a seventh power supply (91), a seventh controller (92), a seventh motor (93), and a trenching screw (95). The trenching side plate (70) is fixedly mounted on the side end of the material distribution housing (49), the plate (99) is fixedly mounted on the rear end plate of the outer shell (2), the fifth motor (72) is fixedly mounted on the trenching side plate (70), the sixth motor (84) is fixedly mounted on the plate (99), the fifth power supply (71) is fixedly mounted on the fifth motor (72), the sixth power supply (83) is fixedly mounted on the sixth motor (84), and the output shaft of the fifth motor (72) is connected to a rotating shaft through a ninth coupling (73). The shaft (74) is coaxially fixed, the output shaft of the sixth motor (84) is coaxially fixed with the other rotating shaft (74) through the tenth coupling (85), the rotating shaft (74) is coaxially fixed with the driving sprocket (76), the short shaft (78) is coaxially fixed with the driven sprocket (98), the short shaft (78) is rotatably mounted on the second bearing seat (79), the two second bearing seats (79) are respectively fixed on the material distribution shell (49) and the outer shell (2), the large trenching knife (77) is fixed on the large chain (86), the small trenching knife (80) is fixed on the small chain (87), and the large trenching knife (77) and the small trenching knife (80) are both fixed. Two blades, the front blade surface is triangular curved, the back blade surface is bowl-shaped, the large chain (86) is engaged with a group of active sprockets (76) and driven sprockets (98), the small chain (87) is engaged with another group of active sprockets (76) and driven sprockets (98), the two symmetrical plates (88) are respectively fixed with the first fixed plate (90) and the second fixed plate (97), the first fixed plate (90) is fixed on the lower end of the side plate of the material distribution shell (49), the second fixed plate (97) is fixed on the lower end of the rear side plate of the outer shell (2), the seventh power supply (91), the seventh controller (92) and the seventh motor (93) are all fixed on the symmetrical plate (8 8) In the chute, the seventh motor (93) is connected to the seventh power supply (91) through wires, the seventh controller (92) is connected to the seventh power supply (91) and the seventh motor (93) through wires respectively, the output shaft of the seventh motor (93) is coaxially fixed with the groove opening screw (95) through the eleventh coupling (94), the internal thread of the screw nut (89) is engaged with the groove opening screw (95), the screw nut (89) is slidably installed in the chute of the symmetrical plate (88), the shifting wheel shaft (103) is fixed with the screw nut (89), and the shifting wheel shaft (103) is rotatably coaxially installed on the wheel hole of the shifting wheel (75).

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