Safety limiting mechanism of laser pipe cutting machine and limiting method of safety limiting mechanism

Abstract

The safety limiting mechanism is used for limiting a cutting head sliding on a sliding way and comprises a mechanical stop block arranged on the advancing path of the cutting head, a piston inner cavity is formed in the mechanical stop block, a piston rod is inserted into the piston inner cavity, the insertion end of the piston rod is connected with a piston piece, and the piston piece is connected with a piston rod. A penetrating hole is formed in the piston piece, a connecting rod is arranged in the piston inner cavity along the advancing track of the piston piece, and a first transition section, a second transition section and a third transition section are sequentially arranged on the connecting rod along the advancing direction of the piston piece. The first transition section, the second transition section and the third transition section are arranged on the connecting rod, the piston piece sequentially passes through the first transition section, the second transition section and the third transition section to absorb kinetic energy of the cutting head in the mode of changing the throttling area of a medium channel, and therefore the kinetic energy of the cutting head is absorbed in the sliding process; the cutting head can be stopped on the end face of the mechanical stop block.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of limiting, and in particular relates to a safety limiting mechanism of a laser tube cutting machine and a limiting method of the safety limiting mechanism of a laser tube cutting machine. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the manufacturing industry, automated and intelligent equipment is being used more and more widely. In the metal processing industry, laser cutting is favored for its advantages such as high precision, high speed, and strong adaptability. For pipe cutting, laser pipe cutting machines have become one of the mainstream equipment. However, during use, due to improper operation or mechanical failure, the cutting head may exceed the predetermined range, thereby damaging the equipment or causing safety accidents;

[0003] In the prior art, mechanical stops are generally installed at both ends of the cutting head's motion trajectory. When the cutting head approaches the limit position, the stops will physically prevent it from moving forward. However, the cutting head still has a certain speed when sliding toward the mechanical stop, and thus will carry a certain kinetic energy to collide with the mechanical stop, causing the mechanical stop to move backward, which is not conducive to multiple limiting. Summary of the invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned technical problems, the present application provides a safety limit mechanism and a limit method for a laser tube cutting machine.

[0005] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0006] On the one hand, the present application provides a safety limit mechanism for a laser tube cutting machine, which is used to limit a cutting head sliding on a slideway, and includes a mechanical stopper arranged on a travel path of the cutting head, wherein the mechanical stopper has a piston inner cavity, a piston rod is inserted into the piston inner cavity, a piston sheet is connected to the insertion end of the piston rod, a through hole is provided in the piston sheet, a connecting rod is arranged in the piston inner cavity along a travel track of the piston sheet, a transition section 1, a transition section 2 and a transition section 3 are arranged on the connecting rod in sequence along a travel direction of the piston sheet, the piston sheet is driven by the cutting head to slide in the piston inner cavity and the through hole passes through the transition section 1, the transition section 2 and the transition section 3 in sequence to adjust the throttling area of ​​the medium channel;

[0007] A plurality of ring sheets are evenly spaced on the transition section of the connecting rod; a gap exists between the ring sheets and the through holes when they meet.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the transition section 2 of the connecting rod is provided with a radially extending plunger, and a gap is formed between the plunger and the through hole when the plunger meets the through hole, and a plurality of groups of plungers are laid along the travel path of the piston plate;

[0009] The mechanical stopper is provided with a piston outer cavity, in which a piston head is slidably arranged to separate the piston outer cavity into energy absorption cavity 1 and energy absorption cavity 2 which are not connected to each other, the piston head includes two spacers arranged at intervals, the two spacers cooperate with the piston outer cavity to form a piston inner cavity, a connecting rod is connected between the two piston inner cavities, and both the energy absorption cavity 2 and the energy absorption cavity 1 contain energy absorption medium.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, along the moving direction of the piston plate, the axial length of the plunger increases and the distance between two adjacent plungers decreases.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the energy absorbing medium in the energy absorbing cavity 1 and the energy absorbing cavity 2 is a gas, a solid or a combination of the two.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the transition section 3 is provided with a stopper, and the stopper is arranged in a conical shape.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, it also includes a laser transmitter. Along the moving direction of the cutting head, the laser transmitter and the mechanical stopper are arranged in sequence. The laser transmitter is arranged on one side of the slideway, and a laser receiver matching the laser transmitter is arranged on the other side of the slideway. The laser receiver is communicatively connected to the power system of the cutting head, and the mechanical stopper is installed on the slideway.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the end surface of the mechanical stopper facing the cutting head is provided with a spacer.

[0015] On the other hand, the present application also provides a limiting method for the safety limiting mechanism of the laser tube cutting machine, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0016] S1, cut off the power source;

[0017] Start the laser receiver, the output end of the laser transmitter emits laser to the laser receiver and forms a laser interception channel on the path of the slideway. When the cutting head moves to the laser channel and shields the laser, the laser receiver sends an electrical signal to the power system of the cutting head and controls the power system of the cutting head to shut down;

[0018] S2, brake application;

[0019] The cutting head contacts the piston rod and drives the piston plate to pass through the transition section 1 of the connecting rod. When the piston plate passes through the transition section 1, the perforations will alternately pass through the connecting rod and the ring plate, and the throttling area is reduced when the ring plate meets the perforations to achieve rhythmic braking.

[0020] S3, alternate energy absorption;

[0021] The piston plate is driven to pass through transition section 2 on the connecting rod. When the piston plate passes through transition section 1, the perforation will alternately pass through the connecting rod and the plunger. When the perforation passes through the connecting rod, the damping fluid in the inner cavity of the piston absorbs energy through the medium channel between the connecting rod and the perforation. When the perforation passes through the plunger, it can drive the piston head to move downward as a whole and force the energy absorbing medium in energy absorbing chamber 2 and energy absorbing chamber 1 to undergo deformation to achieve energy absorption.

[0022] S4, stagnation;

[0023] The driving piston plate passes through the transition section 3 on the connecting rod. When the perforation passes through the stopper, as the perforation continues to move, the throttling area of ​​the medium channel between the perforation and the stopper gradually decreases until the cutting head stops.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] In the present application, transition section one, transition section two and transition section three are arranged on the connecting rod, and the throttling area of ​​the medium channel is changed so that the piston plate passes through transition section one, transition section two and transition section three in sequence to absorb the kinetic energy of the cutting head, so that the kinetic energy of the cutting head is absorbed during the sliding process, and the cutting head can be stopped at the end face of the mechanical stop block. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the laser tube cutting machine after the safety limit mechanism is installed is shown;

[0027] Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical stopper;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the piston head is shown;

[0029] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of transition section 1 is shown;

[0030] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the transition section 2 is shown;

[0031] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the structure of transition section three is shown.

[0032] Reference numerals:

[0033] 100, slideway; 200, cutting head; 300, laser transmitter; 310, laser receiver; 400, mechanical stopper; 410, piston outer cavity; 420, piston head; 421, spacer; 422, piston inner cavity; 423, connecting rod; 424, piston plate; 425, perforation; 430, energy absorption cavity 1; 440, energy absorption cavity 2; 450, piston rod; 460, spacer; 510, transition section 1; 511, ring plate; 520, transition section 2; 521, plunger; 530, transition section 3; 531, stopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0035] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the laser tube cutting machine after the safety limit mechanism is installed is shown; Figure 1 In the embodiment, the safety limit mechanism of the laser pipe cutting machine is used to limit the cutting head 200 sliding on the slide 100, and includes a laser emitter 300 and a mechanical stopper 400 arranged in sequence along the moving direction of the cutting head 200. The laser emitter 300 is arranged on one side of the slide 100, and a laser receiver 310 cooperating with the laser emitter 300 is arranged on the other side of the slide 100. The laser receiver 310 is communicatively connected with the power system of the cutting head 200, and the mechanical stopper 400 is installed on the slide 100; the output end of the laser emitter 300 emits laser, and the laser receiver 310 can receive the laser emitted by the laser emitter 300, thereby forming a laser interception channel on the path of the slide 100. As the cutting head 200 moves, when the cutting head 200 moves to When the laser is on the laser channel and shielded, the laser receiver 310 cannot receive the laser, thereby transmitting an electrical signal to the power system of the cutting head 200 to control the power system of the cutting head 200 to shut down, so as to eliminate the possibility of further expansion of the acceleration of the cutting head 200; it should be noted that the power system of the cutting head 200 is a prior art well known to those skilled in the art, and the present application does not impose too many restrictions, nor is it a limitation of the present application; it should be noted that along the path of the slide 100, the laying spacing between the laser emitter 300 and the mechanical stopper 400 is L1, and the spacing between the two ends of the cutting head 200 along the path direction of the slide 100 is L2, L2>L1; this is because, when the cutting head 200 stagnates, it can continue to shield the laser to achieve stable stagnation.

[0036] Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a mechanical stopper 400; Figure 2In the embodiment, the mechanical stopper 400 has a piston outer chamber 410, and a piston head 420 is arranged in the piston outer chamber 410. The piston head 420 includes two spacers 421 arranged at intervals. The two spacers 421 cooperate with the piston outer chamber 410 to form a piston inner chamber 422. The piston inner chamber 422 has damping fluid. A connecting rod 423 is connected between the two spacers 421. A piston rod 450 is inserted into the piston inner chamber 422. The insertion end of the piston rod 450 is connected to a piston sheet 424. The piston sheet 424 is opened. A through hole 425 is provided, and a connecting rod 423 passes through the through hole 425, and a medium channel for medium circulation is formed between the through hole 425 and the connecting rod 423; in actual use, the free end of the piston rod 450 extends to the path of the slide 100, bears and transmits the force of the slide 100 to the piston inner cavity 422, so as to drive the piston plate 424 to make a stroke in the piston inner cavity 422, so that the damping fluid passes through the medium channel and absorbs kinetic energy, thereby reducing the impact force when the cutting head 200 and the mechanical stopper 400 come into contact.

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the piston head 420 is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of transition section 1 510 is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of transition section 2 520 is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of transition section three 530 is shown; Figure 3-Figure 6In the embodiment, a transition section 1 510, a transition section 2 520 and a transition section 3 530 are sequentially arranged on the connecting rod 423 along the movement direction of the piston plate 424. The piston plate 424 is driven by the cutting head 200 to sequentially pass through the transition section 1 510, the transition section 2 520 and the transition section 3 530 to adjust the throttling area of ​​the medium channel; the transition section 1 510 has a plurality of equidistantly arranged ring plates 511, and there is a gap between the outer edge of the ring plate 511 and the inner wall of the perforation 425; that is, when the piston plate 424 passes through the transition section 1 510, the perforation 425 will alternately pass through the connecting rod 423 and the ring plate 511. Since the ring plate 511 is formed by the radial extension of the connecting rod 423, and there is only a gap when it coincides with the perforation 425, it can greatly reduce The throttling area reduces the acceleration of the cutting head 200, and the setting of several ring plates 511 can simulate the rhythmic braking of the cutting head 200, which can avoid the rigid collision between the piston rod 450 and the cutting head 200 and quickly reduce the acceleration of the cutting head 200; the transition section 2 520 is provided with a radially extending plunger 521, and there is a gap between the plunger 521 and the perforation 425. Several groups of plungers 521 are laid along the travel path of the piston plate 424. Along the travel direction of the piston plate 424, the axial length of the plunger 521 increases, and the distance between two adjacent plungers 521 decreases. The piston head 420 is slidably arranged in the piston outer chamber 410 and divides the piston outer chamber 410 into an energy absorption chamber 1 430 and an energy absorption chamber 430 that are not connected to each other. Energy absorbing chamber 440, energy absorbing chamber 440 and energy absorbing chamber 1 430 all have energy absorbing medium. In actual use, since there is only a gap between perforation 425 and plunger 521, that is, when perforation 425 passes through plunger 521, the throttling area of ​​the medium channel will become very small, and only the damping fluid can pass slowly. At this time, piston plate 424 will use the damping fluid to drive piston head 420 to move downward as a whole. At this time, the volume of energy absorbing chamber 1 430 is expanded, and the volume of energy absorbing chamber 2 440 is reduced, thereby forcing the energy absorbing medium in energy absorbing chamber 2 440 and energy absorbing chamber 1 430 to be deformed. That is to say, at this time, it is the medium in energy absorbing chamber 1 430 and energy absorbing chamber 2 440 that absorbs the energy of cutting head 200, while perforation 425 passes through two adjacent plungers. When the piston 521 passes through the connecting rod 423 section between the piston head 420 and the connecting rod 423, the piston head 420 is driven by the medium in the energy absorbing chamber 440 and the energy absorbing chamber 1 430 to quickly reset, and the connecting rod 423 and the piston plate 424 move relative to each other, and the damping fluid is used to absorb the kinetic energy of the cutting head 200. As the plunger 521 and the connecting rod 423 alternate, the damping fluid and the energy absorbing medium in the energy absorbing chamber 1 430 and the energy absorbing chamber 2 440 alternately absorb the energy of the cutting head 200. This is because the transition section 2 520 is a deceleration process for the cutting head 200. In this process, the incompressibility of the damping fluid and the compressibility of the medium in the energy absorbing chamber 1 430 and the energy absorbing chamber 2 440 can be used to achieve a rapid reduction in the speed of the cutting head 200 and avoid the occurrence of rigid collision.Meanwhile, the proportion of the plunger 521 is getting larger and larger, indicating that as the speed of the cutting head 200 decreases, the compressible medium can respond quickly when the cutting head 200 is at a low speed, providing an immediate energy absorption effect; a spacer 460 is provided on the end surface of the piston rod 450, and the spacer 460 can make the cutting head 200 and the piston rod 450 indirectly contact, and can also prevent the cutting head 200 from rebounding. ;

[0038] It should be noted that the energy absorbing medium in the energy absorbing chamber 1 430 and the energy absorbing chamber 2 440 may be gas; for example, the energy absorbing medium in the energy absorbing chamber 1 430 and the energy absorbing chamber 2 440 is nitrogen, that is, the setting of the transition section 2 520 can make the damping liquid and the gas alternately absorb the kinetic energy of the cutting head 200;

[0039] Alternatively, the energy absorbing medium in the energy absorbing chamber 1 430 and the energy absorbing chamber 2 440 is solid; for example, the energy absorbing medium in the energy absorbing chamber 1 430 and the energy absorbing chamber 2 440 is an elastic member, a spring or an elastic material, etc. In this case, the setting of the transition section 2 520 can enable the damping fluid and the elastic member to alternately absorb the kinetic energy of the cutting head 200.

[0040] Alternatively, the energy absorbing medium in the energy absorbing chamber 2 440 and the energy absorbing chamber 1 430 is a combination of gas and solid; for example, the energy absorbing chamber 1 430 and the energy absorbing chamber 2 440 are filled with nitrogen and are provided with elastic parts. In this case, the setting of the transition section 2 520 can enable the damping liquid to alternately absorb energy with the nitrogen and the elastic parts.

[0041] Alternatively, the energy absorbing medium in the energy absorbing cavity 1 430 is gas, and the energy absorbing medium in the energy absorbing cavity 2 440 is solid; or the two are reversed.

[0042] Continue to see Figure 6 The transition section three 530 has a stopper 531, which is conically arranged. In this way, as the perforation 425 passes through the stopper 531, the throttling area of ​​the medium channel gradually decreases until it disappears completely, and the perforation 425 is blocked. At this time, the cutting head 200 stops and fits on the surface of the mechanical stopper 400.

[0043] The limiting method of the safety limiting mechanism of the laser tube cutting machine is as follows:

[0044] S1, cut off the power source;

[0045] Start the laser receiver 310, the output end of the laser transmitter 300 emits laser to the laser receiver 310 and forms a laser interception channel on the path of the slideway 100. When the cutting head 200 moves to the laser channel and shields the laser, the laser receiver 310 transmits an electrical signal to the power system of the cutting head 200 and controls the power system of the cutting head 200 to shut down;

[0046] S2, brake application;

[0047] The cutting head 200 contacts the piston rod 450 and drives the piston plate 424 to pass through the transition section 1 510 of the connecting rod 423. When the piston plate 424 passes through the transition section 1 510, the perforation 425 alternately passes through the connecting rod 423 and the ring plate 511, and the throttling area is reduced when the ring plate 511 meets the perforation 425 to achieve rhythmic braking.

[0048] S3, alternate energy absorption;

[0049] The piston plate 424 is driven to pass through the transition section 2 520 on the connecting rod 423. When the piston plate 424 passes through the transition section 1 510, the perforation 425 will alternately pass through the connecting rod 423 and the plunger 521. When the perforation 425 passes through the connecting rod 423, the damping fluid in the piston cavity 422 absorbs energy through the medium channel between the connecting rod 423 and the perforation 425. When the perforation 425 passes through the plunger 521, the piston head 420 can be driven to move downward as a whole and force the energy absorbing medium in the energy absorbing chamber 2 440 and the energy absorbing chamber 1 430 to undergo deformation to achieve energy absorption.

[0050] S4, stagnation;

[0051] The driving piston plate 424 passes through the transition section 3 530 on the connecting rod 423. When the perforation 425 passes through the stop head 531, as the perforation 425 continues to move, the throttling area of ​​the medium channel between the perforation 425 and the stop head 531 gradually decreases until the cutting head 200 stops.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them.

Claims

1. A safety limit mechanism for a laser tube cutting machine, used to limit a cutting head (200) sliding on a slideway (100), characterized in that: The invention comprises a mechanical stopper (400) arranged on the travel path of the cutting head (200), wherein the mechanical stopper (400) has a piston inner cavity (422), wherein a piston rod (450) is inserted into the piston inner cavity (422), wherein the insertion end of the piston rod (450) is connected to a piston plate (424), wherein a through hole (425) is provided in the piston plate (424), and wherein a connecting rod (425) is provided in the piston inner cavity (422) along the travel path of the piston plate (424). A connecting rod (423), wherein a transition section 1 (510), a transition section 2 (520) and a transition section 3 (530) are sequentially arranged on the connecting rod (423) along the travel direction of the piston plate (424); the piston plate (424) is driven by the cutting head (200) to slide in the piston inner cavity (422) and causes the perforation (425) to sequentially pass through the transition section 1 (510), the transition section 2 (520) and the transition section 3 (530) to adjust the throttling area of ​​the medium channel; A plurality of ring sheets (511) are arranged at equal intervals on the transition section 1 (510) of the connecting rod (423); when the ring sheets (511) meet the through holes (425), there is a gap between the two.

2. The safety limit mechanism of the laser tube cutting machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transition section 2 (520) of the connecting rod (423) is provided with a radially extending plunger (521), and a gap is provided between the plunger (521) and the through hole (425) when the two meet, and a plurality of groups of plungers (521) are provided along the travel path of the piston plate (424); The mechanical stopper (400) has a piston outer chamber (410) therein, a piston head (420) is slidably arranged in the piston outer chamber (410) and divides the piston outer chamber (410) into an energy absorption chamber 1 (430) and an energy absorption chamber 2 (440) which are not connected to each other, the piston head (420) includes two spacers (421) arranged at intervals, the two spacers (421) cooperate with the piston outer chamber (410) to form a piston inner chamber (422), a connecting rod (423) is connected between the two piston inner chambers (422), and both the energy absorption chamber 2 (440) and the energy absorption chamber 1 (430) have energy absorption medium.

3. The safety limit mechanism of the laser tube cutting machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Along the moving direction of the piston plate (424), the axial length of the plunger (521) increases gradually, and the distance between two adjacent plungers (521) decreases gradually.

4. The safety limit mechanism of the laser tube cutting machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The energy absorbing medium in the energy absorbing cavity 1 (430) and the energy absorbing cavity 2 (440) is a gas, a solid, or a combination of the two.

5. The safety limit mechanism of the laser tube cutting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transition section three (530) is provided with a stopper (531), and the stopper (531) is arranged in a conical shape.

6. The safety limiting mechanism and limiting method of the laser tube cutting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a laser transmitter (300). The laser transmitter (300) and a mechanical stopper (400) are arranged in sequence along the moving direction of the cutting head (200). The laser transmitter (300) is arranged on one side of the slideway (100). A laser receiver (310) cooperating with the laser transmitter (300) is arranged on the other side of the slideway (100). The laser receiver (310) is communicatively connected with the power system of the cutting head (200). The mechanical stopper (400) is installed on the slideway (100).

7. The safety limit mechanism of the laser tube cutting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mechanical stopper (400) has a spacer (460) on the end surface facing the cutting head (200).

8. The limiting method of the safety limiting mechanism of the laser tube cutting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: S1, cut off the power source; The laser receiver (310) is started, and the output end of the laser transmitter (300) emits laser light to the laser receiver (310) and forms a laser interception channel on the path of the slideway (100). When the cutting head (200) moves to the laser channel and shields the laser light, the laser receiver (310) transmits an electrical signal to the power system of the cutting head (200) and controls the power system of the cutting head (200) to shut down. S2, brake application; The cutting head (200) contacts the piston rod (450) and drives the piston plate (424) to pass through the transition section 1 (510) of the connecting rod (423). When the piston plate (424) passes through the transition section 1 (510), the perforation (425) alternately passes through the connecting rod (423) and the ring plate (511). When the ring plate (511) meets the perforation (425), the throttling area is reduced to achieve rhythmic braking. S3, alternate energy absorption; The piston plate (424) is driven to pass through the transition section 2 (520) on the connecting rod (423). When the piston plate (424) passes through the transition section 1 (510), the perforation (425) will alternately pass through the connecting rod (423) and the plunger (521). When the perforation (425) passes through the connecting rod (423), the damping fluid in the piston inner cavity (422) absorbs energy through the medium channel between the connecting rod (423) and the perforation (425). When the perforation (425) passes through the plunger (521), the piston head (420) can be driven to move downward as a whole and force the energy absorbing medium in the energy absorbing chamber 2 (440) and the energy absorbing chamber 1 (430) to undergo deformation to absorb energy. S4, stagnation; The driving piston plate (424) passes through the transition section three (530) on the connecting rod (423). When the perforation (425) passes through the stop head (531), as the perforation (425) continues to move, the throttling area of ​​the medium channel between the perforation (425) and the stop head (531) gradually decreases until the cutting head (200) stops.

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