Soil conditioner taking coal-based solid waste as raw material and preparation method of soil conditioner

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil conditioner taking coal-based solid waste as a raw material and a preparation method of the soil conditioner. The microbial soil conditioner is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of coal gangue matrix, 30 parts of fly ash matrix, 15 parts of sludge or other organic matter matrix, 10 parts of inorganic salt calcium chloride or calcium chloride dihydrate, 5 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 5 parts of plant straw powder and 5 parts of microbial agent. According to the soil conditioner provided by the invention, the materials are environment-friendly and low in cost, and a new direction is provided for resource utilization of coal-based solid wastes; the modifier has remarkable drought-resisting, water-retaining, water-saving and fertilizer-retaining effects, can release water when the soil environment is dry, solves the problem of water resource exhaustion, and develops a new technical path for the fields of soil improvement, resource utilization, mine treatment, desertification control and the like in northwest arid regions in China.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization and water conservation, and in particular to a microbial soil conditioner using coal-based solid waste as a main raw material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Water is the survival of all living things on Earth. Water shortage and drought not only affect agricultural development, but also endanger the entire ecological environment. Coal-based solid waste is a type of industrial solid waste that is difficult to utilize and is generated during coal mining and utilization. It mainly includes coal gangue, fly ash slag, and coal gasification slag. The large accumulation of coal-based solid waste not only occupies land area, but also pollutes the surrounding environment such as the atmosphere, water bodies, and soil. Especially in the arid northwest region of my country, the annual rainfall is small, the evaporation is large, and the stock of coal-based solid waste is large, which has even become a public nuisance. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above technical problems in the related art, the present invention proposes a microbial soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof, which utilizes coal-based solid waste as the main raw material to solve the above problems.

[0004] To achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: A soil conditioner using coal-based solid waste as raw materials and a preparation method thereof. The microbial soil conditioner is prepared according to the following weight parts: 40 parts of coal gangue matrix, 30 parts of fly ash matrix, 15 parts of sludge or other organic matrix, 10 parts of inorganic salt calcium chloride or calcium chloride dihydrate, 5 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 5 parts of plant straw powder, and 5 parts of microbial agent.

[0005] Furthermore, the steps of the soil conditioner preparation method are: A1. Place the coal gangue matrix and fly ash matrix with a particle size of less than 2 cm in a constant temperature humidification device and humidify until the moisture content in the matrix is ​​20%-25%; A2, after exposing the plant straw to the sun, washing, drying, crushing and passing through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain plant straw powder; adding microbial straw inoculant to the crushed straw powder for fermentation at room temperature, adding the coal gangue matrix and fly ash matrix humidified in step A1 after 5 days of fermentation, and mixing them according to the mass fraction; A3, add appropriate mass fraction of sodium polyacrylate to the mixed Platycodon grandiflorum powder in step A2, place the mixture in a stirring kettle, and stir at room temperature for 1 hour; A4. Pour out the mixture uniformly mixed in the stirring tank in step A3, and evenly sprinkle calcium chloride in the mixed mixture to form a soil conditioner.

[0006] Furthermore, the microbial agent includes Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus gelatinosa.

[0007] Beneficial effects: The present application provides a soil conditioner with coal-based solid waste as raw material, which has low environmental protection cost and provides a new direction for the resource utilization of coal-based solid waste. The conditioner has significant drought resistance, water conservation, water-saving and fertilizer conservation effects, and can release moisture when the soil environment is dry, solving the problem of water resource depletion, and opening up new technical paths for soil improvement, resource utilization, mine control, desertification control and other fields in the arid northwest region of my country. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0008] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of a soil conditioner using coal-based solid waste as raw material and a preparation method thereof will be further described below through specific implementation methods.

[0009] A soil conditioner using coal-based solid waste as raw materials, the soil conditioner is prepared according to the following weight parts: 40 parts of coal gangue matrix, 30 parts of fly ash matrix, 15 parts of sludge or other organic matrix, 10 parts of inorganic salt calcium chloride or calcium chloride dihydrate, 5 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 5 parts of plant straw powder, and 5 parts of microbial agent.

[0010] Furthermore, the steps of the soil conditioner preparation method are: A1. Place the gangue matrix and fly ash matrix with a particle size less than 2 cm in a constant temperature humidification device and humidify until the moisture content in the matrix is ​​20%-25%; humidification can prevent the generation of dust during the production process.

[0011] A2. Expose the plant straw to the sun, wash, dry it, crush it and pass it through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain plant straw powder; add microbial straw inoculant to the crushed straw powder and ferment it at room temperature. After 5 days of fermentation, add the coal gangue matrix and fly ash matrix humidified in step A1 and mix them by mass; use microorganisms to modify fly ash and coal gangue. Gangue and fly ash are rich in beneficial substances for microbial parasitism and exist in inorganic form. After mixing with microorganisms, they are more conducive to the release of inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium trace elements in coal gangue and fly ash, and the soil organic matter is richer. The sugar substances produced by microbial metabolites make the soil water retention performance better.

[0012] A3, add appropriate mass fractions of sodium polyacrylate to the mixed platycodon powder in step A2, place the mixture in a stirring tank, and stir evenly at room temperature; sodium polyacrylate has strong hygroscopicity and is a polymer compound with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups. After sodium polyacrylate is fully mixed with gangue, fly ash, and straw microbial agent, it can absorb moisture and nutrients in organic solid waste and release them slowly, while keeping the soil moist and increasing soil fertility. Sodium polyacrylate can absorb heavy metal ions in gangue and fly ash, reduce the impact of gangue and fly ash on heavy metals in the soil, and make the indicators such as aggregate structure, air permeability, and water holding rate of arid soil better. Compared with conventional sodium polyacrylate, the water absorption rate of the improved sodium polyacrylate used in this application can reach thousands of times.

[0013] A4, pour out the mixture mixed evenly in the stirring tank in step A3, and evenly sprinkle calcium chloride in the mixed mixture to form a soil conditioner. The inorganic salt calcium chloride used in this application has strong hygroscopicity, which can indirectly reduce the evaporation of the soil surface. At the same time, calcium chloride can improve the permeability and pH value of the soil, because calcium chloride has strong hygroscopicity and generally becomes weakly acidic after reacting with water, which can neutralize the alkalinity of gangue and fly ash to achieve the purpose of adjusting the pH value of the soil.

[0014] Furthermore, the microbial agent includes Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus gelatinosa.

[0015] The technical solution and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0016] Example 1 A soil conditioner using coal-based solid waste as raw materials, wherein the raw materials of the soil conditioner are prepared according to the following weight proportions: 40 parts of coal gangue matrix, 30 parts of fly ash matrix, 10 parts of sludge matrix, 10 parts of inorganic calcium chloride or calcium chloride dihydrate, 5 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 5 parts of plant straw powder, and 5 parts of microbial agent (jelly-like Bacillus). The steps of the preparation method of the soil conditioner are as follows: A1. Place the coal gangue matrix and fly ash matrix with a particle size of less than 2 cm in a constant temperature humidification device and humidify until the moisture content in the matrix is ​​20%-25%; A2, after exposing the plant straw to the sun, washing, drying, crushing and passing through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain plant straw powder; adding microbial straw inoculant to the crushed straw powder for fermentation at room temperature, adding the coal gangue matrix and fly ash matrix humidified in step A1 after 5 days of fermentation, and mixing them according to the mass fraction; A3, add appropriate mass fractions of sodium polyacrylate to the mixed Platycodon grandiflorum powder in step A2, place the mixture in a stirring tank, and stir evenly at room temperature; A4. Pour out the mixture uniformly mixed in the stirring tank in step A3, and evenly sprinkle calcium chloride in the mixed mixture to form a soil conditioner.

[0017] Example 2 A soil conditioner using coal-based solid waste as raw materials, wherein the raw materials of the soil conditioner are prepared according to the following weight proportions: 40 parts of coal gangue matrix, 30 parts of fly ash matrix, 10 parts of sludge matrix, 10 parts of inorganic calcium chloride or calcium chloride dihydrate, 5 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 5 parts of plant straw powder, and 5 parts of microbial agent (Bacillus megaterium). The steps of the preparation method of the soil conditioner are as follows: A1. Place the coal gangue matrix and fly ash matrix with a particle size of less than 2 cm in a constant temperature humidification device and humidify until the moisture content in the matrix is ​​20%-25%; A2, after exposing the plant straw to the sun, washing, drying, crushing and passing through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain plant straw powder; adding microbial straw inoculant to the crushed straw powder for fermentation at room temperature, adding the coal gangue matrix and fly ash matrix humidified in step A1 after 5 days of fermentation, and mixing them according to the mass fraction; A3, add appropriate mass fractions of sodium polyacrylate to the mixed Platycodon grandiflorum powder in step A2, place the mixture in a stirring tank, and stir evenly at room temperature; A4. Pour out the mixture uniformly mixed in the stirring tank in step A3, and evenly sprinkle calcium chloride in the mixed mixture to form a soil conditioner.

[0018] In summary, the present invention utilizes the characteristics of coal-based solid waste that is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium trace elements, and utilizes suitable microorganisms (phosphorus-solubilizing, potassium-solubilizing, nitrogen-fixing, and other bacterial agents) to make the soil organic matter richer, and the sugar substances produced by microbial metabolites make the soil water retention performance better. At the same time, by utilizing the good granular structure characteristics of sodium polyacrylate and adding it to the soil, the soil porosity can be increased, the soil moisture can be increased, the drought resistance of the soil can be improved, and the inorganic salt calcium chloride or calcium chloride dihydrate has excellent hygroscopic properties, which can indirectly reduce soil surface evaporation; the present invention will be applied to the fields of desert control, mine control, and solid waste resource utilization in the arid areas of northwest my country, which has important application value for the current water resource depletion problem that humans urgently need to solve.

[0019] Obviously, the above-described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner using coal-based solid waste as raw material, characterized in that: The soil conditioner is prepared according to the following weight parts: 40 parts of coal gangue matrix, 30 parts of fly ash matrix, 15 parts of sludge or other organic matrix, 10 parts of inorganic salt calcium chloride or calcium chloride dihydrate, 5 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 5 parts of plant straw powder, and 5 parts of microbial agent.

2. The soil conditioner using coal-based solid waste as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of the soil conditioner preparation method are: A1. Place the coal gangue matrix and fly ash matrix with a particle size of less than 2 cm in a constant temperature humidification device and humidify until the moisture content in the matrix is ​​20%-25%; A2, after exposing the plant straw to the sun, washing, drying, crushing and passing through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain plant straw powder; adding microbial straw inoculant to the crushed straw powder for fermentation at room temperature, adding the coal gangue matrix and fly ash matrix humidified in step A1 after 5 days of fermentation, and mixing them according to the mass fraction; A3, add appropriate mass fraction of sodium polyacrylate to the mixed Platycodon grandiflorum powder in step A2, place the mixture in a stirring tank, and stir at room temperature for 1 hour; A4. Pour out the mixture uniformly mixed in the stirring tank in step A3, and evenly sprinkle calcium chloride in the mixed mixture to form a soil conditioner.

3. The soil conditioner using coal-based solid waste as raw material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agents include Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus gelatinus.