A method and system for regulating the output of hydropower units based on a big data database

Abstract

This application proposes a method and system for regulating the output of a hydropower unit based on a large database. The method includes: constructing a large database of hydropower unit operating data, wherein the operating data includes the hydropower unit's output, guide vane opening, and head; obtaining the target output value and the current head of the hydropower unit; determining the target guide vane opening value of the hydropower unit based on the target output value, the current head, and the large database; and performing closed-loop regulation of the hydropower unit based on the target output value and the target guide vane opening value to achieve output regulation. The technical solution proposed in this application first performs closed-loop regulation of the guide vane opening, followed by closed-loop regulation of active power, in order to improve the active power regulation rate of hydropower without reducing the regulation accuracy and dynamic stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automatic power generation control technology, and in particular to a method and system for regulating the output of a hydropower unit based on a large database. Background Technology

[0002] Secondary frequency regulation is a crucial component of power auxiliary services, primarily responsible for providing core support for the frequency stability of the power system. The regulation rate of the active load of generating units not only directly affects the revenue of hydropower plants in the frequency regulation market but also plays a vital role in the stability of new power systems with a high proportion of renewable energy. Traditional methods for regulating the active load of hydropower units result in slow regulation rates and large overshoot.

[0003] In the traditional regulation mode, the governor performs closed-loop regulation of active power. Affected by factors such as the non-minimum phase regulation characteristics of the turbine and the inertia of the water flow, the dynamic stability of the regulation process is poor and the delay within the loop is high, which has an adverse effect on the regulation speed of active power. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and system for regulating the output of hydropower units based on a large database, in order to at least solve the technical problems of poor dynamic stability and high intra-loop delay in the active power closed-loop regulation process, which adversely affect the active power regulation speed.

[0005] The first aspect of this application proposes a method for regulating the output of a hydropower unit based on a large database, the method comprising:

[0006] Construct a large database of hydropower unit operating data, wherein the operating data includes the hydropower unit's output, guide vane opening, and head;

[0007] Obtain the target output value of the hydropower unit and the current head;

[0008] The target value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit is determined based on the target output value of the hydropower unit, the current head, and the big data.

[0009] The hydropower unit is subjected to closed-loop regulation based on the target output value and the target guide vane opening value, thereby realizing the output regulation of the hydropower unit.

[0010] Preferably, the construction of the large database of hydropower unit operation data includes:

[0011] Step F1: Obtain multiple experimental data of the hydropower unit and write the multiple experimental data into the initial large database. The experimental data includes the output of the hydropower unit, the guide vane opening, and the head.

[0012] Step F2: Obtain the i-th measured data of the hydropower unit, including the output, guide vane opening, and head of the hydropower unit;

[0013] Step F3: Determine whether the i-th measured data is stable. If it is stable, proceed to step F4; otherwise, set i = i + 1 and return to step F2.

[0014] Step F4: Determine whether the quality of the i-th measured data is qualified. If qualified, proceed to step F5; otherwise, set i = i + 1 and return to step F2.

[0015] Step F5: Determine whether the number of data points in the initial large database is less than the first data threshold. If so, write the i-th measured data into the initial large database, then set i = i + 1 and return to step F2, until i = 1, forming the large database; otherwise, proceed to step F6.

[0016] Step F6: Determine the distance between each data point in the initial large database and the i-th measured data point, and based on a preset first distance threshold, filter out the data points corresponding to the i-th measured data point in the initial large database. Then, determine whether experimental data exists in the data points corresponding to the i-th measured data point. If experimental data exists, discard the i-th measured data point and delete the filtered measured data point from the initial large database. Then, set i = i + 1 and return to step F2 until i = 1, forming the large database. Otherwise, proceed to step F7.

[0017] Step F7: In the initial large database, select the data point with the smallest distance difference to the i-th measured data point. Determine the difference between the output and theoretical output of the hydropower unit corresponding to the i-th measured data point. If the difference between the output and theoretical output of the hydropower unit corresponding to the data point is less than the difference corresponding to the data point, write the i-th measured data point into the initial large database and delete the data point. Otherwise, discard the i-th measured data point, set i=i+1 and return to step F2, until i=1, forming the large database.

[0018] Furthermore, determining whether the i-th measured data is stable includes:

[0019] Obtain the measured data at each time point within the th time period and the measured data at each time point within the t+h time period, where t is the generation time of the i-th measured data point;

[0020] The absolute values ​​of the output amplitude, guide vane opening amplitude, and head amplitude of the hydropower unit are determined based on the measured data at each time point within the th time period and the measured data at each time point within the t+h time period.

[0021] The stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data is determined based on the preset weights of the absolute values ​​of the output amplitude, the guide vane opening amplitude, and the head amplitude, as well as the absolute values ​​of the output amplitude, guide vane opening amplitude, and head amplitude.

[0022] The i-th measured data is considered stable when the stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data is less than the preset stable threshold; otherwise, it is considered unstable.

[0023] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data is as follows:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, Let i be the stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data. The absolute value of the output amplitude. The weight is the absolute value of the output amplitude. The absolute value of the guide vane opening amplitude. The absolute value of the guide vane opening amplitude is used as the weight. This represents the absolute value of the head variation. The absolute value weight of the head variation.

[0026] Furthermore, determining the target value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit based on the target output value of the hydropower unit, the current head, and the large database includes:

[0027] Based on the water head at the current moment, N data points are selected from the large database whose difference from the water head at the current moment is less than or equal to a first water head threshold, where N is greater than or equal to 2.

[0028] The difference between the output of the hydropower unit and the target output value of the hydropower unit is determined for each of the N data points, and the N data points are sorted from left to right in ascending order to form a data point sequence;

[0029] The hydropower unit output and guide vane opening of the first two data points from left to right in the data point sequence are obtained from the large database.

[0030] The target value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit is determined based on the output of the hydropower unit, the guide vane opening, and the target output value of the hydropower unit from the first two data points from left to right in the data point sequence.

[0031] Furthermore, the closed-loop regulation of the hydropower unit based on the target output value and the target guide vane opening value to achieve output regulation of the hydropower unit includes:

[0032] Based on the target value of the guide vane opening, the guide vane opening of the hydroelectric generator is adjusted using a speed governor in a closed-loop adjustment mode.

[0033] When the absolute value of the difference between the actual value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit and the target value of the guide vane opening is less than the dead zone of the guide vane opening adjustment, the output of the hydropower unit is adjusted based on the target output value of the hydropower unit and using the speed governor in the output closed-loop adjustment mode.

[0034] The second aspect of this application proposes a hydropower unit output regulation system based on a large database, comprising:

[0035] The module is used to build a large database of hydropower unit operating data, which includes the hydropower unit's output, guide vane opening, and head.

[0036] The first acquisition module is used to acquire the target output value of the hydropower unit and the water head at the current moment;

[0037] The determination module is used to determine the target value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit based on the target output value of the hydropower unit, the current head, and the big data.

[0038] The adjustment module is used to perform closed-loop adjustment of the hydropower unit based on the target output value and the target guide vane opening value of the hydropower unit, so as to realize the output adjustment of the hydropower unit.

[0039] Preferably, the building module is specifically used for:

[0040] Step R1: Obtain multiple experimental data of the hydropower unit and write the multiple experimental data into the initial large database. The experimental data includes the output of the hydropower unit, the guide vane opening, and the head.

[0041] Step R2: Obtain the i-th measured data of the hydropower unit, including the output, guide vane opening, and head of the hydropower unit;

[0042] Step R3: Determine whether the i-th measured data is stable. If it is stable, proceed to step R4; otherwise, set i = i + 1 and return to step R2.

[0043] Step R4: Determine whether the quality of the i-th measured data is qualified. If qualified, proceed to step R5; otherwise, set i = i + 1 and return to step R2.

[0044] Step R5: Determine whether the number of data points in the initial large database is less than the first data threshold. If so, write the i-th measured data into the initial large database, then set i = i + 1 and return to step R2 until i = 1, forming the large database; otherwise, proceed to step R6.

[0045] Step R6: Determine the distance between each data point in the initial large database and the i-th measured data point, and based on a preset first distance threshold, filter out the data points corresponding to the i-th measured data point in the initial large database. Then, determine whether experimental data and measured data exist in the data points corresponding to the i-th measured data point. If experimental data and measured data exist, discard the i-th measured data point and delete the filtered measured data point from the initial large database. Then, set i = i + 1 and return to step R2 until i = 1, forming the large database; otherwise, proceed to step R7.

[0046] Step R7: In the initial large database, select the data point with the smallest distance difference to the i-th measured data point. Determine the difference between the output and theoretical output of the hydropower unit corresponding to the i-th measured data point. If the difference between the output and theoretical output of the hydropower unit corresponding to the data point is less than the difference corresponding to the data point, write the i-th measured data point into the initial large database and delete the data point. Otherwise, discard the i-th measured data point, set i=i+1 and return to step R2, until i=1, forming the large database.

[0047] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, it implements the method described in the first aspect embodiment.

[0048] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect.

[0049] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application bring at least the following beneficial effects:

[0050] This application proposes a method and system for regulating the output of a hydropower unit based on a large database. The method includes: constructing a large database of hydropower unit operating data, wherein the operating data includes the hydropower unit's output, guide vane opening, and head; obtaining the target output value and the current head of the hydropower unit; determining the target guide vane opening value of the hydropower unit based on the target output value, the current head, and the large database; and performing closed-loop regulation of the hydropower unit based on the target output value and the target guide vane opening value to achieve output regulation. The technical solution proposed in this application first performs closed-loop regulation of the guide vane opening, followed by closed-loop regulation of active power, in order to improve the active power regulation rate of hydropower without reducing the regulation accuracy and dynamic stability.

[0051] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0052] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0053] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for regulating the output of a hydropower unit based on a large database, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the formation of a large database of hydropower unit output, guide vane opening, and head data according to an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the normal active power range corresponding to the unit head and guide vane opening according to an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the formation and execution process of the target value of the guide vane opening of a hydroelectric generator according to an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a hydropower unit output regulation system based on a large database, according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0059] This application proposes a method and system for regulating the output of a hydropower unit based on a large database. The method includes: constructing a large database of hydropower unit operating data, wherein the operating data includes the hydropower unit's output, guide vane opening, and head; obtaining the target output value and the current head of the hydropower unit; determining the target guide vane opening value of the hydropower unit based on the target output value, the current head, and the large database; and performing closed-loop regulation of the hydropower unit based on the target output value and the target guide vane opening value to achieve output regulation. The technical solution proposed in this application first performs closed-loop regulation of the guide vane opening, followed by closed-loop regulation of the active power, to improve the active power regulation rate of the hydropower without reducing regulation accuracy and dynamic stability.

[0060] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates an embodiment of a hydropower unit output regulation method and system based on a large database.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] Figure 1 The flowchart below shows a method for regulating the output of a hydropower unit based on a large database, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0063] Step 1: Construct a large database of hydropower unit operating data, including the hydropower unit's output, guide vane opening, and head;

[0064] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the construction of a large database of hydropower unit operating data includes:

[0065] Step F1: Obtain multiple experimental data of the hydropower unit and write the multiple experimental data into the initial large database. The experimental data includes the output of the hydropower unit, the guide vane opening, and the head.

[0066] Step F2: Obtain the i-th measured data of the hydropower unit, including the output, guide vane opening, and head of the hydropower unit;

[0067] Step F3: Determine whether the i-th measured data is stable. If it is stable, proceed to step F4; otherwise, set i = i + 1 and return to step F2.

[0068] The determination of whether the i-th measured data is stable includes:

[0069] Obtain the measured data at each time point within the th time period and the measured data at each time point within the t+h time period, where t is the generation time of the i-th measured data point;

[0070] The absolute values ​​of the output amplitude, guide vane opening amplitude, and head amplitude of the hydropower unit are determined based on the measured data at each time point within the th time period and the measured data at each time point within the t+h time period.

[0071] The stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data is determined based on the preset weights of the absolute values ​​of the output amplitude, the guide vane opening amplitude, and the head amplitude, as well as the absolute values ​​of the output amplitude, guide vane opening amplitude, and head amplitude.

[0072] The i-th measured data is considered stable when the stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data is less than the preset stable threshold; otherwise, it is considered unstable.

[0073] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, Let i be the stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data. The absolute value of the output amplitude. The weight is the absolute value of the output amplitude. The absolute value of the guide vane opening amplitude. The absolute value of the guide vane opening amplitude is used as the weight. This represents the absolute value of the head variation. The absolute value weight of the head variation.

[0076] Step F4: Determine whether the quality of the i-th measured data is qualified. If qualified, proceed to step F5; otherwise, set i = i + 1 and return to step F2.

[0077] Step F5: Determine whether the number of data points in the initial large database is less than the first data threshold. If so, write the i-th measured data into the initial large database, then set i = i + 1 and return to step F2, until i = 1, forming the large database; otherwise, proceed to step F6.

[0078] Step F6: Determine the distance between each data point in the initial large database and the i-th measured data point, and based on a preset first distance threshold, filter out the data points corresponding to the i-th measured data point in the initial large database. Then, determine whether experimental data exists in the data points corresponding to the i-th measured data point. If experimental data exists, discard the i-th measured data point and delete the filtered measured data point from the initial large database. Then, set i = i + 1 and return to step F2 until i = 1, forming the large database. Otherwise, proceed to step F7.

[0079] Step F7: In the initial large database, select the data point with the smallest distance difference to the i-th measured data point. Determine the difference between the output and theoretical output of the hydropower unit corresponding to the i-th measured data point. If the difference between the output and theoretical output of the hydropower unit corresponding to the data point is less than the difference corresponding to the data point, write the i-th measured data point into the initial large database and delete the data point. Otherwise, discard the i-th measured data point, set i=i+1 and return to step F2, until i=1, forming the large database.

[0080] For example, the S1000) forms a large database in the monitoring system based on the test data and historical data of the hydropower unit's output, guide vane opening, and head;

[0081] S1000 includes:

[0082] S1100 uses experimental methods to establish the corresponding relationship between the output, guide vane opening, and head of some hydropower units, records it in a big data table, and identifies it as experimental data;

[0083] S1200 collects historical data points to determine whether the hydropower unit output, guide vane opening, and head are stable, including:

[0084] S1210) Select the time threshold T for stability judgment;

[0085] S1230) Calculate the absolute value of the guide vane opening amplitude of the stability judgment time threshold T;

[0086] S1240) Calculate the absolute value of the head amplitude at the stability judgment time threshold T;

[0087] S1250) sets weights α, β, and γ for power output amplitude, guide vane opening amplitude, and head amplitude, respectively;

[0088] S1260) The calculation results are obtained by using the absolute value of the output amplitude × α + the absolute value of the guide vane opening amplitude × β + the absolute value of the head amplitude × γ.

[0089] (S1270) If the calculation result of S1260 is less than a certain threshold, the output of the hydropower unit, the guide vane opening, the head, etc. are in a stable state, and proceed to S1300; otherwise, proceed to S1200 to restart the stability judgment.

[0090] S1300) Determine whether to use data points, including:

[0091] S1310) Determine the quality of data points, including:

[0092] S1311) Determine whether the unit output is between 0 and rated output;

[0093] S1312) Determine whether the guide vane opening of the unit is between 0 and 100;

[0094] S1313) Determine whether the unit head is within the normal head range;

[0095] S1314) Based on the guide vane opening and head, determine whether the unit output is within the normal range;

[0096] S1315) If all the above conditions are met, the data point quality is qualified and proceeds to S1320;

[0097] S1320) Determine the number of data points in the large database. If the number of data points is less than a certain threshold, the collected historical data points are written directly; otherwise, proceed to S1330.

[0098] S1330) Determine the density of recently collected historical data points in a large database, including:

[0099] S1331) Determine the distance between existing measuring points in the big data database and historical data points collected. The calculation method is: output distance × α + guide vane opening distance × β + head distance × γ.

[0100] S1332) Based on the calculation results of S1331, find the large database data points whose distance is less than a certain threshold value;

[0101] S1333) Determine whether there are experimental data points among the large database data points selected in S1332. If there are, discard the collected historical data points and delete the other selected large database data points except for the experimental data points. If not, proceed to S1334.

[0102] S1334) Based on the calculation results of S1331, find the nearest large database data point;

[0103] (S1335) For the large database data points obtained in S1334 and the collected historical data points, determine the absolute value of the deviation between the unit output and the guide vane opening and the theoretical output corresponding to the head. If the former is smaller, discard the historical data points; if the latter is smaller, delete the large database data points obtained in S1334 and enter the collected historical data points.

[0104] Step 2: Obtain the target output value of the hydropower unit and the current head;

[0105] For example, S2000 receives the target output value of the hydropower unit from the dispatching system or monitoring system in the monitoring system.

[0106] Step 3: Determine the target value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit based on the target output value of the hydropower unit, the current head, and the big data database;

[0107] In this embodiment of the disclosure, step 3 specifically includes:

[0108] Based on the water head at the current moment, N data points are selected from the large database whose difference from the water head at the current moment is less than or equal to a first water head threshold, where N is greater than or equal to 2.

[0109] The difference between the output of the hydropower unit and the target output value of the hydropower unit is determined for each of the N data points, and the N data points are sorted from left to right in ascending order to form a data point sequence;

[0110] The hydropower unit output and guide vane opening of the first two data points from left to right in the data point sequence are obtained from the large database.

[0111] The target value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit is determined based on the output of the hydropower unit, the guide vane opening, and the target output value of the hydropower unit from the first two data points from left to right in the data point sequence.

[0112] For example, S3000) calculates and searches the large database of the monitoring system to find the guide vane opening value corresponding to the current head and output target value, and forms the guide vane target value;

[0113] The S3000 specifically includes:

[0114] S3100) Selects two measurement points from the large database for this guide vane opening target calculation, including:

[0115] S3110) Measuring points whose difference between existing measuring points in the big data database and the current adjustment head is less than a certain threshold;

[0116] (S3120) From the data points filtered by S3110, select the two points whose unit output is closest to the output target value;

[0117] S3200) Calculates the target value of the guide vane by using a linear fitting method based on the output and guide vane opening of the two data points selected by S3120, as well as the target output value.

[0118] Step 4: Perform closed-loop regulation of the hydropower unit based on the target output value and the target guide vane opening value to achieve output regulation of the hydropower unit.

[0119] In this embodiment of the disclosure, step 4 specifically includes:

[0120] Based on the target value of the guide vane opening, the guide vane opening of the hydroelectric generator is adjusted using a speed governor in a closed-loop adjustment mode.

[0121] When the absolute value of the difference between the actual value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit and the target value of the guide vane opening is less than the dead zone of the guide vane opening adjustment, the hydropower unit is adjusted according to the output target value of the hydropower unit and the speed governor is used in the output closed-loop adjustment mode.

[0122] For example, the S4000 sends the target values ​​for the guide vanes and the target output value generated by the monitoring system to the speed governor;

[0123] The S5000 speed governor performs closed-loop regulation sequentially based on the target values ​​of the guide vanes and the target output.

[0124] Specifically, the S5000 includes:

[0125] The S5100 speed controller adjusts the guide vane opening according to the guide vane opening closed-loop adjustment mode;

[0126] The S5200 speed controller judges the absolute value of the difference between the actual opening of the guide vane and the target opening. Once the absolute value of the difference is less than the guide vane opening adjustment dead zone, the adjustment mode is switched and enters S5300.

[0127] The S5300 speed governor adjusts the unit output according to the power closed-loop regulation mode until the actual output value of the unit enters and stabilizes within the output target value range.

[0128] In this embodiment, the formation of the large database is illustrated using the parameter modeling test data of the governor of a certain plant and the operating data at a certain moment (output: 563, guide vane opening: 80.5, head: 188.69) as an example; the formation process of the guide vane target value is illustrated using the head of 188.50 and the output of 570 as an example.

[0129] S1000) First, a large database is formed in the monitoring system based on test data and historical data of the hydropower unit's output, guide vane opening, and head. Figure 2 As shown;

[0130] Based on the governor parameters, the S1100 modeling test was conducted, and the corresponding relationship table of output, guide vane opening and head of some hydropower units was formed as shown in Table 1, and marked as test data.

[0131] Table 1. Correspondence between output, guide vane opening, and head in the modeling test of a certain unit's governor.

[0132]

[0133] S1200 collects historical data points to determine whether the hydropower unit output, guide vane opening, and head are stable.

[0134] S1210) Select a stability judgment time threshold T=60s;

[0135] S1220) Calculate the absolute value of the output amplitude within the 60s stability judgment time. Assuming that the maximum active power during this period is 563MW and the minimum is 561MW, then ΔP=|561-563|.

[0136] S1230) Calculate the absolute value of the guide vane opening amplitude within the 60s stability judgment time. Assuming that the maximum guide vane opening is 80.5% and the minimum is 80.3% during this period, then ΔL = |80.5 - 80.3|.

[0137] S1240) Calculate the absolute value of the head variation within the 60s stability judgment time. Assume that the maximum head during this period is 188.69 meters and the minimum head is 188.68 meters. Then ΔH = |188.69 - 188.68|.

[0138] (S1250) For ease of understanding, this embodiment sets weights α=1, β=2, and γ=5 for power output amplitude, guide vane opening amplitude, and head amplitude, respectively.

[0139] S1260) Calculate ΔP×α+ΔL×β+ΔH×γ=2×1+0.2×2+0.01×5=2.45;

[0140] To determine whether the calculation result of S1260 is less than a certain threshold, in this embodiment, the threshold value is set to 5. If 2.45 < 5, it means that the current working condition is in a stable state; otherwise, it is considered that the current working condition is in an unstable state, and the next step of judgment is not performed.

[0141] S1300) Determine whether to use data points;

[0142] (S1310) To determine the quality of data points, assuming the unit's rated capacity is 650MW, the minimum operating head is 170 meters, and the maximum is 200 meters, then:

[0143] S1311) Unit output 563∈[0,650], the quality of the unit output measurement point is good;

[0144] S1312) Guide vane opening 80.5∈[0,100], the quality of the unit's guide vane opening measurement point is good;

[0145] S1313) Unit head 188.69∈[152,215], the quality of the unit head measuring point is good;

[0146] S1314) Based on guide vane opening and head, determine whether the unit output is within the normal range. One possible method is (e.g.) Figure 3 As shown, the theoretical output function of the unit is established with guide vane opening and head as independent variables, and positive and negative possible deviations are added. The theoretical output plus the positive and negative deviations form the possible output range of the unit.

[0147] S1315) Assuming that the quality of the historical data points collected this time is qualified;

[0148] S1320) Determine the number of data points in the large database. If the number of data points is less than a certain threshold, the collected historical data points are written directly. Otherwise, proceed to S1330. This embodiment uses the case where the number of data points is higher than the threshold for explanation.

[0149] S1330) Determine the density of recently collected historical data points in a large database, including:

[0150] The distance between existing measurement points in the big data database and historical data points is determined. According to Table 1, the closest data point to the distance [563 80.5 188.69] is [559 79.2 188.27]. ΔP×α+ΔL×β+ΔH×γ=(563-559)×1+(80.5-79.2)×2+(188.69-188.27)×5=4+1.3×2+0.42×5=4+2.6+2.1=8.7. In this embodiment, the threshold value is set to 10. Therefore, this embodiment uses the experimental data point (output distance: 559, guide vane opening distance: 79.2, head distance: 188.27) and discards the historical data points collected this time.

[0151] Under the current head of 188.5m (S2000), the target output value of the hydropower unit Ptag=570 is received from the dispatching system or monitoring system in the monitoring system.

[0152] S3000) performs calculations in the monitoring system's large database to find the guide vane opening value corresponding to the current head and output target values, forming the guide vane target value, such as Figure 4 As shown;

[0153] S3100) Selects two measurement points from the large database for this guide vane opening target calculation, including:

[0154] S3110) From the existing measurement points in the big data database, the difference between the measurement points and the current adjustment head is less than a certain threshold. In this embodiment, the data point with a head of 188.27 in the test data is used.

[0155] S3120) Select the two points (559, 586.9) from the data points filtered by S3110 that are closest to the unit output target value.

[0156] Based on the output (559, 586.9) and guide vane opening (79.2, 83.5) of the two data points selected by S3120, and the target output value, S3200 uses linear fitting to calculate the target value of the guide vane as Ltag=80.9.

[0157] According to the actual operating conditions, the guide vane opening distance under this condition is 80.65, which is basically consistent with the calculation result of the method of the present invention. Furthermore, the database used in this embodiment is based only on experimental data and has not yet recorded historical data points. If the number of data points in the database is further expanded, the result will be closer to the actual situation.

[0158] The S4000 sends the target values ​​for guide vane distance (Ltag=80.9) and output distance (Ptag=570) generated by the monitoring system to the speed controller.

[0159] The S5000 speed governor performs closed-loop regulation sequentially based on the target values ​​of the guide vanes and the output, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0160] The S5100 speed controller adjusts the guide vane opening according to the guide vane opening closed-loop adjustment mode;

[0161] The S5200 speed controller judges the absolute value of the difference between the actual opening of the guide vane and the target opening. Once the absolute value of the difference is less than the guide vane opening adjustment dead zone ΔLd, the adjustment mode is switched to the power closed-loop mode.

[0162] The S5300 speed governor adjusts the unit output according to the power closed-loop regulation mode until the actual output value of the unit enters and stabilizes within the output target value range.

[0163] In summary, the hydropower unit output regulation method proposed in this embodiment, based on a large database, collects active load values ​​and guide vane opening values ​​under stable operating conditions of the governor at different water heads, forming a large database. When the monitoring system receives the target output value of the hydropower unit, it retrieves the guide vane opening values ​​under the same operating conditions from the large database or calculates the guide vane opening value through similar operating conditions, and sends this opening value to the governor. After the governor adjusts the guide vane opening to approach the target opening value, the governor's regulation mode is switched to power closed-loop regulation until the actual output value of the unit enters and stabilizes within the output target value range. Thus, while ensuring the dynamic stability of the unit regulation, it effectively improves the output regulation efficiency and reliability of the hydropower unit.

[0164] Example 2

[0165] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a hydropower unit output regulation system based on a large database, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the system includes:

[0166] Module 100 is used to build a large database of hydropower unit operating data, wherein the operating data includes the hydropower unit's output, guide vane opening, and head.

[0167] It should be noted that the aforementioned building module is specifically used for:

[0168] Step R1: Obtain multiple experimental data of the hydropower unit and write the multiple experimental data into the initial large database. The experimental data includes the output of the hydropower unit, the guide vane opening, and the head.

[0169] Step R2: Obtain the i-th measured data of the hydropower unit, including the output, guide vane opening, and head of the hydropower unit;

[0170] Step R3: Determine whether the i-th measured data is stable. If it is stable, proceed to step R4; otherwise, set i = i + 1 and return to step R2.

[0171] The determination of whether the i-th measured data is stable includes:

[0172] Obtain the measured data at each time point within the th time period and the measured data at each time point within the t+h time period, where t is the generation time of the i-th measured data point;

[0173] The absolute values ​​of the output amplitude, guide vane opening amplitude, and head amplitude of the hydropower unit are determined based on the measured data at each time point within the th time period and the measured data at each time point within the t+h time period.

[0174] The stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data is determined based on the preset weights of the absolute values ​​of the output amplitude, the guide vane opening amplitude, and the head amplitude, as well as the absolute values ​​of the output amplitude, guide vane opening amplitude, and head amplitude.

[0175] The i-th measured data is considered stable when the stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data is less than the preset stable threshold; otherwise, it is considered unstable.

[0176] The formula for calculating the stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data is as follows:

[0177]

[0178] In the formula, Let i be the stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data. The absolute value of the output amplitude. The weight is the absolute value of the output amplitude. The absolute value of the guide vane opening amplitude. The absolute value of the guide vane opening amplitude is used as the weight. This represents the absolute value of the head variation. The absolute value weight of the head variation.

[0179] Step R4: Determine whether the quality of the i-th measured data is qualified. If qualified, proceed to step R5; otherwise, set i = i + 1 and return to step R2.

[0180] Step R5: Determine whether the number of data points in the initial large database is less than the first data threshold. If so, write the i-th measured data into the initial large database, then set i = i + 1 and return to step R2 until i = 1, forming the large database; otherwise, proceed to step R6.

[0181] Step R6: Determine the distance between each data point in the initial large database and the i-th measured data point, and based on a preset first distance threshold, filter out the data points corresponding to the i-th measured data point in the initial large database. Then, determine whether experimental data exists in the data points corresponding to the i-th measured data point. If experimental data exists, discard the i-th measured data point and delete the filtered measured data point from the initial large database. Then, set i = i + 1 and return to step R2 until i = 1, forming the large database. Otherwise, proceed to step R7.

[0182] Step R7: In the initial large database, select the data point with the smallest distance difference to the i-th measured data point. Determine the difference between the output and theoretical output of the hydropower unit corresponding to the i-th measured data point. If the difference between the output and theoretical output of the hydropower unit corresponding to the data point is less than the difference corresponding to the data point, write the i-th measured data point into the initial large database and delete the data point. Otherwise, discard the i-th measured data point, set i=i+1 and return to step R2, until i=1, forming the large database.

[0183] The first acquisition module 200 is used to acquire the target output value of the hydropower unit and the water head at the current moment;

[0184] The determination module 300 is used to determine the target value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit based on the target output value of the hydropower unit, the current head, and the big data.

[0185] The adjustment module 400 is used to perform closed-loop adjustment of the hydro-generator unit based on the target output value and the target guide vane opening value of the hydro-generator unit, so as to realize the output adjustment of the hydro-generator unit.

[0186] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the determining module 300 is further configured to:

[0187] Based on the water head at the current moment, N data points are selected from the large database whose difference from the water head at the current moment is less than or equal to a first water head threshold, where N is greater than or equal to 2.

[0188] The difference between the output of the hydropower unit and the target output value of the hydropower unit is determined for each of the N data points, and the N data points are sorted from left to right in ascending order to form a data point sequence;

[0189] The hydropower unit output and guide vane opening of the first two data points from left to right in the data point sequence are obtained from the large database.

[0190] The target value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit is determined based on the output of the hydropower unit, the guide vane opening, and the target output value of the hydropower unit from the first two data points from left to right in the data point sequence.

[0191] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the adjustment module 400 is further configured to:

[0192] Based on the target value of the guide vane opening, the guide vane opening of the hydroelectric generator is adjusted using a speed governor in a closed-loop adjustment mode.

[0193] When the absolute value of the difference between the actual value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit and the target value of the guide vane opening is less than the dead zone of the guide vane opening adjustment, the output of the hydropower unit is adjusted based on the target output value of the hydropower unit and using the speed governor in the output closed-loop adjustment mode.

[0194] In summary, the hydropower unit output regulation system proposed in this embodiment, based on a large database, first performs closed-loop regulation of the guide vane opening and then close-loop regulation of the active power, so as to improve the regulation rate of hydropower active power without reducing the regulation accuracy and dynamic stability.

[0195] Example 3

[0196] To implement the above embodiments, this disclosure also proposes an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, it implements the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0197] Example 4

[0198] To implement the above embodiments, this disclosure also proposes a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0199] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0200] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0201] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for regulating the output of a hydropower unit based on a large database, characterized in that, The method includes: Construct a large database of hydropower unit operating data, wherein the operating data includes the hydropower unit's output, guide vane opening, and head; Obtain the target output value of the hydropower unit and the current head; The target value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit is determined based on the target output value of the hydropower unit, the current head, and the big data. Based on the target output value and the target guide vane opening value of the hydropower unit, the hydropower unit is subjected to closed-loop regulation to realize the output regulation of the hydropower unit; The large database for constructing hydropower unit operation data includes: Step F1: Obtain multiple experimental data of the hydropower unit and write the multiple experimental data into the initial large database. The experimental data includes the output of the hydropower unit, the guide vane opening, and the head. Step F2: Obtain the i-th measured data of the hydropower unit, including the output, guide vane opening, and head of the hydropower unit; Step F3: Determine whether the i-th measured data is stable within the preset time period. If it is stable, proceed to step F4; otherwise, set i = i + 1 and return to step F2. Step F4: Determine whether the i-th measured data falls within the preset range, thereby determining whether the quality of the i-th measured data is qualified. If qualified, proceed to step F5; otherwise, set i = i + 1 and return to step F2. Step F5: Determine whether the number of data points in the initial large database is less than the first data threshold. If so, write the i-th measured data into the initial large database, then set i = i + 1 and return to step F2 until i equals the set value I, thus forming the large database; otherwise, proceed to step F6. Step F6: Determine the distance between each data point in the initial large database and the i-th measured data point, and filter out data points in the initial large database whose distance is less than a preset first distance threshold. Then, determine whether experimental data exists in the filtered data points. If experimental data exists, discard the i-th measured data point and delete the measured data in the filtered data points from the initial large database. Then, set i = i + 1 and return to step F2 until i equals the set value I, forming a large database. Otherwise, proceed to step F7. Step F7: In the initial large database, select the data point closest to the i-th measured data point, and determine the difference between the output and theoretical output of the hydropower unit corresponding to the i-th measured data point. If the difference between the output and theoretical output of the hydropower unit corresponding to the data point is less than the difference corresponding to the data point, then write the i-th measured data point into the initial large database and delete the data point; otherwise, discard the i-th measured data point, set i = i + 1 and return to step F2, until i equals the set value I, thus forming the large database.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Determining whether the i-th measured data is stable includes: Obtain the measured data at each time point within the time interval [th,t] and the measured data at each time point within the time interval [t,t+h], where t is the generation time of the i-th measured data. The absolute values ​​of the output amplitude, guide vane opening amplitude, and head amplitude of the hydropower unit are determined based on the measured data at each time point within the [th,t] time period and the measured data at each time point within the [t,t+h] time period. The stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data is determined based on the preset weights of the absolute values ​​of the output amplitude, the guide vane opening amplitude, and the head amplitude, as well as the absolute values ​​of the output amplitude, guide vane opening amplitude, and head amplitude. The i-th measured data is considered stable when the stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data is less than the preset stable threshold; otherwise, it is considered unstable.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data is as follows: In the formula, Let i be the stable value corresponding to the i-th measured data. The absolute value of the output amplitude. The weight is the absolute value of the output amplitude. The absolute value of the guide vane opening amplitude. The absolute value of the guide vane opening amplitude is used as the weight. This represents the absolute value of the head variation. The absolute value weight of the head variation.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the target value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit based on the target output value of the hydropower unit, the current head, and the big data database includes: Based on the water head at the current moment, N data points are selected from the large database whose difference from the water head at the current moment is less than or equal to a first water head threshold, where N is greater than or equal to 2. The difference between the output of the hydropower unit and the target output value of the hydropower unit is determined for each of the N data points, and the N data points are sorted from left to right according to the order of output distance from the target output value from near to far to form a data point sequence; The hydropower unit output and guide vane opening of the first two data points from left to right in the data point sequence are obtained from the large database. The target value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit is determined based on the output of the hydropower unit, the guide vane opening, and the target output value of the hydropower unit from the first two data points from left to right in the data point sequence.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The method of performing closed-loop regulation of the hydropower unit based on the target output value and the target guide vane opening value to achieve output regulation of the hydropower unit includes: Based on the target value of the guide vane opening, the guide vane opening of the hydroelectric generator is adjusted using a speed governor in a closed-loop adjustment mode. When the absolute value of the difference between the actual value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit and the target value of the guide vane opening is less than the dead zone of the guide vane opening adjustment, the output of the hydropower unit is adjusted based on the target output value of the hydropower unit and using the speed governor in the output closed-loop adjustment mode.

6. A hydropower unit output regulation system based on a large database, used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The system includes: The module is used to build a large database of hydropower unit operating data, which includes the hydropower unit's output, guide vane opening, and head. The first acquisition module is used to acquire the target output value of the hydropower unit and the water head at the current moment; The determination module is used to determine the target value of the guide vane opening of the hydropower unit based on the target output value of the hydropower unit, the current head, and the big data. The adjustment module is used to perform closed-loop adjustment of the hydropower unit based on the target output value and the target guide vane opening value of the hydropower unit, so as to realize the output adjustment of the hydropower unit.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor, when executing the program, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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