Anti-typhoon control method and system for offshore wind generating set

Abstract

The invention discloses a typhoon resistance control method and system for an offshore wind generating set, and relates to the technical field of typhoon resistance of the offshore wind generating set. The typhoon resistance control method comprises the steps that a wind speed distribution diagram and a weighted wind direction distribution diagram of a wind power plant are generated according to data collected by a draught fan and a pile position arrangement diagram; judging whether to enter a typhoon preparation mode or not according to typhoon early warning, and performing typhoon resistance control; the wind speed distribution diagram and the weighted wind direction distribution diagram are analyzed, whether typhoon passes is judged according to the analysis result, and if yes, typhoon resistance control is quitted for normal power generation. According to the method, real-time wind speed and wind direction data of a whole wind field are integrated, and a high-resolution wind speed distribution diagram and a wind direction weighted change dynamic diagram are created in combination with an accurate pile position arrangement diagram. A'typhoon preparation mode 'is automatically triggered according to preset conditions, and the operation strategy of each fan is flexibly adjusted according to real-time monitoring data, including maintaining high-wind-speed power generation, executing unmooring operation, performing wind facing operation and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of typhoon resistance of offshore wind turbine generator sets, and in particular to a typhoon resistance control method and system for offshore wind turbine generator sets. Background Art

[0002] my country's offshore / onshore wind power construction is facing an overall acceleration. However, my country is located on the west side of the Pacific Ocean and is one of the countries most severely affected by typhoons. Frequent typhoons are a double-edged sword for offshore wind farms. Weaker typhoons can bring more "full-power" hours to wind farms, increase power generation, and improve the economic benefits of wind farms; however, stronger typhoons will cause great damage to wind farms. In order to better develop and utilize the wind energy resources in my country's offshore areas, how to improve the power generation capacity of wind turbines in weaker typhoon modes and avoid entering the typhoon resistance mode early will be an issue that needs to be considered in the development of offshore / onshore wind power.

[0003] In the existing typhoon resistance methods, the classification and selection of typhoon resistance modes are judged by a single wind turbine generator set based on its own anemometer parameters. There are errors or damages in a single anemometer device, which causes the wind turbine to fail to enter the correct typhoon resistance mode, posing safety hazards. In serious cases, the wind turbine will be shut down due to high wind speed, but the wind turbine will still be at a larger windward yaw angle, and the wind force will continue to increase. The wind turbine is at risk of collapse due to excessive force. The wind resource distribution characteristics of offshore wind farms and land wind farms are different. In onshore mountainous wind farms, there are large differences in the wind resource characteristics of the wind farms between the peaks where the wind turbines are located. The wind force passes through the peaks and valleys, and the wind speed varies greatly; in onshore plain wind farms, the wind resources of a single wind turbine are also affected by the distribution characteristics of surrounding roads, bridges, and vehicles. The terrain is undulating, which has a great slowing effect on the wind speed on the ground. Offshore wind farms do not have this problem. The sea level is generally flat, the wind has basically no resistance, the average wind speed is high, and the wind shear is also smaller than on land. In addition, the frequency of wind direction changes at sea is also lower than that on land, so the wind energy at sea is very stable. The average wind speed and weighted wind direction data of wind turbines in offshore wind farms are of great value. The wind resource distribution of the entire offshore wind farm can be simulated, the trend of wind direction and wind speed changes can be estimated, the operation mode of a single wind turbine can be adjusted, and the power generation utilization hours can be improved. 3. The typhoon preparation mode is generally based on the typhoon warning forecast by the local meteorological station, and the accurate information is generally only for the typhoon level 7 wind circle and level 10 wind circle. In fact, the location of the offshore wind farm is far away from the prefecture-level city meteorological station, and the meteorological conditions vary greatly. Entering the typhoon warning mode in advance and switching the automatic control operation mode of a single wind turbine to the unified anti-typhoon mode of the wind farm is conducive to unified regulation of the wind turbine operation mode, and this is a good time to grab power generation. The traditional typhoon preparation control mode only plays the role of the operator manually switching the wind turbine operation mode, which is only a process of confirming the operation operation. The subsequent wind turbine operation mode is not targeted for pre-control according to wind direction and wind speed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the existing anti-typhoon technology, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention lies in the classification, selection and judgment of the typhoon-resistant mode. A single wind turbine generator set makes judgments based on its own anemometer parameters. There is an error or damage in a single anemometer device, which causes the wind turbine to fail to enter the correct typhoon-resistant mode. There are safety hazards. In severe cases, the wind turbine fails to enter the correct typhoon-resistant mode due to high wind speed. The average wind speed and weighted wind direction data of the offshore wind farm can simulate the wind resource distribution of the entire offshore wind farm, estimate the changing trend of wind direction and wind speed, adjust the operating mode of a single wind turbine, and improve the power generation utilization hours.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a typhoon resistance control method for an offshore wind turbine generator set, which comprises:

[0008] Generate wind speed distribution map and weighted wind direction distribution map of the wind farm based on the data collected by the wind turbines and the pile layout map;

[0009] Determine whether to enter typhoon preparation mode based on typhoon warnings and carry out typhoon prevention and control;

[0010] The wind speed distribution map and the weighted wind direction distribution map are analyzed, and whether a typhoon has passed through is determined based on the analysis results. If so, the typhoon resistance control is exited and normal power generation is resumed.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the typhoon resistance control method for offshore wind turbine generator set of the present invention, the typhoon resistance control includes:

[0012] Calculating the distance from the position of a certain wind turbine to each grid point of the wind speed distribution map, and selecting the estimated wind speed of the grid point with the smallest distance to compare with the measured wind speed of the wind turbine;

[0013] If the estimated wind speed at the grid point is lower than the measured wind speed of the wind turbine, the current pitch angle and yaw angle are maintained to maintain a high wind speed power generation operation state;

[0014] If the estimated wind speed at the grid point is higher than the measured wind speed of the wind turbine n meters per second, the position of the nacelle is determined. If the nacelle position angle is greater than m°, or the nacelle position angle is less than -m°, the unit where the wind turbine is located is automatically untied by m° and performs a yaw action.

[0015] If the wind speed measurement values ​​of any two wind turbines reach the high wind speed shutdown action value, the wind turbines will enter the leeward state;

[0016] Wherein n and m are both positive integers.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the typhoon resistance control method for offshore wind turbine generator set of the present invention, wherein: the leeward state includes:

[0018] The wind direction of the wind turbine is detected by the weighted wind direction diagram, and the wind direction angle is calculated. If the wind direction angle is between k° and m°, the controller issues a right yaw command and turns on the yaw brake to yaw the wind turbine to the leeward position through the yaw motor;

[0019] If the wind direction angle is between 0° and z°, the controller issues a left yaw command and turns on the yaw brake to yaw the wind turbine to a leeward position through the yaw motor;

[0020] After the yaw is completed, the fan performs a pulp collection operation to adjust the blades to a 90-degree position;

[0021] Wherein k and z are both positive integers.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the typhoon resistance control method for offshore wind turbine generator set of the present invention, the steps of constructing the wind speed distribution map are as follows:

[0023] Divide the entire wind farm into standard grids, and calculate the distances from all wind turbines to the grid points of the standard grids;

[0024] Use wind direction factors to adjust distance and assign weights to each wind turbine based on wind speed and distance impact;

[0025] The measured wind speeds of all wind turbines were fitted using the least squares method to obtain a linear trend term;

[0026] estimating the wind speed of the grid point according to the adjusted distance, the weight and the linear trend term;

[0027] Repeat the above steps until all grid points have estimated wind speed values.

[0028] As a preferred solution of the typhoon resistance control method for offshore wind turbine generator set of the present invention, the distance is adjusted by using the wind direction factor as shown in the following formula:

[0029] d i '=d i ·(1+α·cos(θ i -θ))

[0030] Among them, d' i is the adjusted distance, d i is the actual distance, α is the wind direction factor (0≤α≤1), θ i is the azimuth from wind turbine i to the wind speed estimation point, θ is the current dominant wind direction;

[0031] The allocation weight is shown in the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, V i is the wind speed of fan i, V max is the maximum wind speed among all wind turbines, β is the wind speed influence index, and p is the distance power parameter;

[0034] The wind speed at the estimated grid point is expressed by the following formula:

[0035]

[0036] Where V(x,y) is the estimated wind speed at location (x,y), and w i and V i As defined above, γ is the trend term weight, ax+by+c is the linear trend term of wind speed, and a, b, c are coefficients obtained by fitting all known points by the least squares method.

[0037] As a preferred solution of the typhoon resistance control method for offshore wind turbine generator set of the present invention, the steps of constructing the weighted wind direction distribution map are as follows:

[0038] Divide the entire wind farm into standard grids and decompose the wind direction at each grid point into the x and y components of a unit vector;

[0039] For each target grid point (x,y), determine the weights of other grid points;

[0040] For each grid point, determine the weighted average of the x and y components;

[0041] Use the atan2 function to calculate the wind direction at each grid point;

[0042] Adjust and convert the wind direction to obtain the final wind direction of the target grid point (x, y);

[0043] Repeat the above steps for each grid point until all grid points have estimated wind directions.

[0044] As a preferred solution of the typhoon resistance control method for offshore wind turbine generator set of the present invention, the determination of whether a typhoon is passing through includes:

[0045] Analyze the wind direction weighted change dynamic graph. If the wind direction weighted change dynamic graph shows an obvious rotation mode, and the arrows in the central area are short or irregular, further analyze the wind speed distribution graph. If the wind speed distribution graph shows an obvious "concave" feature, that is, the wind speed drops sharply in a specific area, forming an isolated island of low wind speed, while the surrounding area still maintains a high wind speed, and the wind speed contours show a concentric circle distribution, with the lowest wind speed in the center and increasing outward, it indicates that the typhoon has not passed;

[0046] If the dynamic graph of weighted changes in wind direction shows a large-scale, relatively consistent wind direction, the length and direction of the wind direction arrows tend to be uniform, and the wind speed distribution graph shows a large-scale, continuous downward trend, and the wind speed contour lines gradually become sparse and irregular, then it indicates the passage of a typhoon.

[0047] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an offshore wind turbine generator system anti-typhoon control system, comprising:

[0048] A wind direction and wind speed distribution map construction module is used to generate a wind speed distribution map and a weighted wind direction distribution map of a wind farm based on the data collected by the wind turbines and the pile layout map;

[0049] The typhoon prevention control module is used to determine whether to enter the typhoon preparation mode according to the typhoon warning and perform typhoon prevention control;

[0050] The typhoon transit judgment module is used to analyze the wind speed distribution map and the weighted wind direction distribution map, and judge whether the typhoon has passed according to the analysis results. If it has passed, the anti-typhoon control is exited and normal power generation is carried out.

[0051] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: when the processor executes the computer program, any step of the above-mentioned offshore wind turbine anti-typhoon control method is implemented.

[0052] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, any step of the above-mentioned offshore wind turbine anti-typhoon control method is implemented.

[0053] The beneficial effect of the present invention is to create a high-resolution wind speed distribution map and a dynamic map of wind direction weighted changes by integrating the real-time wind speed and wind direction data of the entire wind farm and combining it with an accurate pile layout diagram. It introduces innovative wind direction factors and wind speed factors, effectively captures the asymmetric distribution characteristics in the spiral structure of the typhoon, gives priority to the data in the high wind speed area, and simulates large-scale wind speed changes through linear trend items. In the wind direction estimation, the vector decomposition method is used to solve the angle averaging problem, which more accurately reflects the continuous wind direction changes in the typhoon environment. The system can automatically trigger the "typhoon preparation mode" according to preset conditions, and flexibly adjust the operation strategy of each wind turbine according to real-time monitoring data, including maintaining high wind speed power generation, performing cable unwinding operations, and performing wind operations. When the wind speed reaches the critical value, the system will execute a sophisticated protection shutdown mode, while allowing other wind turbines to continue to generate electricity within a safe range. In addition, the method can accurately distinguish between the eye of the typhoon and the situation where the typhoon actually leaves, avoiding the risks caused by misjudgment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0055] Figure 1 Scenario diagram of the typhoon resistance control method for offshore wind turbines. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary persons in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0058] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0059] The present invention is described in detail with reference to schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of the present invention, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0060] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper, lower, inner and outer" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first, second or third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0061] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install, connect, connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install, connect, connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example: it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0064] Integrate wind speed and direction data collected by wind turbines distributed throughout the wind farm. Each wind turbine is equipped with a high-precision anemometer and wind direction sensor, which continuously collects real-time data and provides accurate wind condition information for each specific location in the wind farm.

[0065] The wind farm pile layout map is fully utilized, which records the precise location of each wind turbine at sea in detail. The average wind speed distribution map of the entire wind farm area is generated by combining the real-time collected wind speed and wind direction data with the spatial distribution information of the wind turbines.

[0066] At the same time, a weighted dynamic graph of wind direction changes is created, which can intuitively show the changing trend of wind direction over time and space.

[0067] Specifically, the real-time wind speed and direction data of each wind turbine are collected, and the precise spatial coordinates of each wind turbine are obtained in combination with the pile layout diagram, which are associated with the precise position of the wind turbine at sea (provided by the pile layout diagram).

[0068] The entire wind farm area is divided into a high-resolution regular grid. Each grid point will be used as an unknown point to be estimated. For each grid point, calculate its distance to all wind turbines (known points). Assuming there are n wind turbines, for any point P on the grid, calculate the distance set {d1, d2, ..., dn}.

[0069] More specifically, in a typhoon wind field, the spatial correlation of wind speed is stronger in the wind direction, and the wind turbine data in the downwind direction has a greater impact on the wind speed estimation at a certain point. Therefore, in this embodiment, a wind direction factor is introduced to adjust the distance calculation. The wind direction factor increases the impact of the wind turbine data in the downwind direction on the wind speed estimation, while the impact of the upwind direction is reduced, thereby adjusting the "effective distance" between the wind speed estimation point (each grid point) and the wind turbine. Specifically, it is shown in the following formula:

[0070] d i '=d i ·(1+α·cos(θ i -θ))

[0071] Among them, d'i is the adjusted distance, di is the actual distance, α is the wind direction influence factor (0≤α≤1), θi is the azimuth from wind turbine i to the wind speed estimation point, and θ is the current dominant wind direction.

[0072] Assign a weight to each known point (wind turbine). In the case of a typhoon, data in high wind speed areas should receive a higher weight, which helps to more accurately describe the wind speed distribution characteristics of the typhoon. Therefore, in the process of assigning weights, the wind speed factor is introduced, as shown in the following formula:

[0073]

[0074] Among them, V i is the wind speed of fan i, V max is the maximum wind speed among all wind turbines, β is the wind speed influence index (usually 0.5≤β≤2), and p is the distance power parameter (usually 1≤p≤3).

[0075] Finally, the estimated wind speed of each grid point p is calculated comprehensively based on the obtained distance and weight. However, a typhoon will cause systematic wind speed changes in the entire wind field. Therefore, in this embodiment, a linear trend term is used to simulate large-scale changes, and then interpolation calculation is performed to estimate the wind speed of the grid point p, as shown in the following formula:

[0076]

[0077] Where V(x,y) is the estimated wind speed at location (x,y), and w i and V i As defined above, γ is the weight of the trend term (0 ≤ γ ≤ 1), ax+by+c is the linear trend term of wind speed, and a, b, c are coefficients obtained by fitting all known points by the least squares method.

[0078] Repeat the above steps for each grid point in the wind farm area until all grid points have estimated wind speed values. Convert the estimated wind speed values ​​into color codes to generate a wind speed distribution map.

[0079] Preferably, simulation experiments have proved that by introducing the wind direction factor, the asymmetric distribution characteristics of wind speed in the typhoon spiral structure are successfully captured, making the generated distribution map closer to the actual situation, especially in the typhoon eyewall area, and the introduction of the wind speed factor gives priority to the data in the high wind speed area, and performs well in the wind speed estimation in the area near the typhoon center, while the addition of the linear trend term effectively simulates the large-scale wind speed changes caused by the typhoon, so that the generated distribution map not only reflects the local details, but also accurately depicts the overall wind field structure.

[0080] Similarly, similar to generating a wind speed distribution map, for each grid point, the corresponding wind direction is estimated. The wind direction change in a typhoon environment is usually continuous, so the vector decomposition method used in this embodiment can better capture this continuous change and will not have the "jump" phenomenon that occurs in traditional methods.

[0081] The first problem to be solved is the angle average. In a typhoon, the wind direction changes significantly within a short distance, and directly averaging the angle value may lead to serious errors. For example, the simple average of 359° and 1° will get 180°, which is obviously wrong. Therefore, this embodiment converts the wind direction into vector components, then performs weighted averaging, and finally converts it back to angle, as follows:

[0082] Decompose the wind direction at each grid point into the x and y components of the unit vector:

[0083] u i =cos(θ i )

[0084] v i = sin(θ i )

[0085] For each target grid point (x,y), calculate the weights of the other grid points:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, d ij is the distance from grid point i to grid point j, p is the distance weight exponent, usually 2, and ε is a small constant to prevent its own weight from becoming infinite.

[0088] For each grid point, compute the weighted average of the x and y components:

[0089]

[0090] Use the atan2 function to calculate the final wind direction for each grid point:

[0091] θ(x i ,y i )=arctan2(v avg (x i ,y i ),u avg (x i ,y i ))

[0092] Then adjust the calculated angle to the range [0,2π]:

[0093] θ adjusted (x i ,y i )=(θ(x i ,y i )+2π)mod2π

[0094] For more practical use, convert the radians calculated above into degrees:

[0095]

[0096] Among them, u i is the x-component of the wind direction at grid point i, v i is the component of the wind direction at grid point i in the y direction, d ij is the distance between grid point i and grid point j, w ij is the influence weight of grid point j on grid point i, u avg (x i ,y i ) is the weighted average of the x-components of the target grid point (xi,yi), v avg (xi,yi) is the target grid point (x i ,y i ), the weighted average of the y components of θ(x i ,y i ) is the wind direction angle calculated by the weighted average of the x and y components, θ adjusted (x i ,y i) is the adjusted wind direction angle, θ degrees (x i ,y i ) is the angle value, i.e. the final wind direction angle.

[0097] Repeat the above steps for each grid point in the wind farm area until all grid points have estimated wind directions. Convert the estimated wind directions into color codes to generate a weighted wind direction distribution map.

[0098] Preferably, the vector decomposition method is less computationally intensive than the full kriging method and is more suitable for processing large amounts of data in real time.

[0099] When the official typhoon warning information is detected, indicating that the typhoon will enter the warning range within 48 hours, and the real-time monitoring data of the wind farm also meets the pre-set conditions (such as a sudden increase in wind speed or a sharp change in wind direction), the system will automatically trigger the "typhoon preparation mode". The activation of this mode will start a series of preset protection measures and control strategies to fully prepare the wind farm for the upcoming extreme weather.

[0100] Specifically, by calculating the Euclidean distance from the wind turbine position to each grid point, and selecting the grid point with the smallest distance as the nearest grid point of the wind turbine, the measured wind speed of the wind turbine is obtained in real time, and compared with the estimated wind speed of the corresponding grid point. If the wind speed of the grid point is lower than the wind speed of the wind turbine, the current pitch angle and yaw angle are maintained to maintain the high wind speed power generation operation state. If the measured wind speed of the wind turbine is higher than the wind speed of the nearest grid point by 3 meters per second, the cabin position is judged. If the cabin position angle is greater than 360°, or the cabin position angle is less than -360°, the unit will automatically untie 360° and perform yaw action to ensure that the cabin position angle is less than ±360°. At low wind speeds, wind-facing operations are performed to ensure that when high wind speeds arrive, the wind turbine is in a windward state to generate more electricity.

[0101] If the wind speed of any two fans reaches the high wind speed shutdown action value (30 m / s), the protection shutdown mode is executed:

[0102] The wind turbine will enter the leeward state, detect the wind direction of the wind turbine through the weighted wind direction diagram, and determine the wind direction angle. If the wind direction angle is between 200° and 360°, the controller will issue a right yaw command and turn on the yaw brake, and the wind turbine generator set will be yawed to the leeward position through the yaw motor. If the wind direction angle is between 0° and 160°, the controller will issue a left yaw command and turn on the yaw brake, and the wind turbine generator set will be yawed to the leeward position through the yaw motor. The leeward position is specifically deflected 180 degrees relative to the incoming wind direction to minimize the windward area; then, the wind turbine performs the pulping operation and adjusts the blades to the 90-degree position, the so-called "flag state", to minimize the aerodynamic load on the blades; finally, the wind turbine stops running completely. At the same time, other wind turbines in the wind farm will enter a special operating state-yaw limited power generation mode. In this mode, these wind turbines will finely adjust the yaw angle to slightly reduce the windward area, so as to continue to generate electricity while ensuring safety, but the power generation will be subject to certain restrictions.

[0103] Preferably, the reason for selecting the wind speed of two fans is to avoid malfunction caused by failure of an anemometer of a single fan.

[0104] Furthermore, the overall wind conditions in the wind farm are continuously monitored, and by analyzing the constructed average wind speed distribution map and wind direction weighted change dynamic map, it is automatically identified whether the typhoon has indeed left (to avoid misjudging the typhoon eye).

[0105] Specifically, from the perspective of wind speed, when the wind farm enters the typhoon eye area, the average wind speed distribution map will show a clear "concave" feature, that is, the wind speed in a specific area drops sharply, forming an isolated island of low wind speed, while the surrounding area still maintains high wind speed. In this case, the wind speed contour lines will show a concentric circle distribution, with the lowest wind speed in the center and increasing outward. In contrast, when the typhoon really leaves, the average wind speed of the entire wind farm will show a large-scale, continuous downward trend, and the wind speed contour lines will gradually become sparse and irregular.

[0106] Secondly, from the perspective of wind direction, the dynamic graph of weighted changes in wind direction will show a very special pattern in the typhoon eye area: in the area near the edge of the typhoon eye, the wind direction changes very drastically, forming a rapidly rotating ring structure, while the wind direction in the center of the typhoon eye is relatively chaotic or static. In this case, the wind direction arrows will show an obvious rotation pattern on the graph, and the arrows in the center area are shorter or irregular. When the typhoon really leaves, the dynamic graph of weighted changes in wind direction will gradually show that the consistency of wind direction is increasing, the rotation pattern disappears, and is replaced by a large range of relatively consistent wind directions, and the length and direction of the wind direction arrows tend to be uniform.

[0107] By simultaneously analyzing the changing trends of these two charts, it is possible to more accurately determine whether the wind farm is under the short-term influence of the typhoon eye or has truly left. Specifically, if it is observed that the low wind speed area in the wind speed distribution map only lasts for a short time (usually a few hours) before the high wind speed is restored, and the wind direction map shows an obvious rotating structure, then it is in the typhoon eye area; and if the wind speed distribution map shows that the wind speed of the entire wind farm continues to decrease and remains at a low level, and the wind direction map shows a gradually consistent trend that lasts for a long time, then it can be determined that the typhoon has truly left.

[0108] If the typhoon has passed through and the 10-minute average wind speed is continuously below 15m / s, a safety inspection notice will be sent to the operation and maintenance team. The operation and maintenance personnel must conduct a comprehensive and detailed inspection of each wind turbine in accordance with the provisions of the "PRC-00114526-Wind Turbine Anti-Typhoon Inspection Manual" and use a batch and progressive approach to first restore the operation of some wind turbines, closely monitor their performance and surrounding environment, and gradually restore other wind turbines after confirming that there are no abnormalities, ultimately achieving a safe, stable and efficient restart of the entire wind farm.

[0109] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides an offshore wind turbine generator set typhoon resistance control system, including:

[0110] A wind direction and wind speed distribution map construction module is used to generate a wind speed distribution map and a weighted wind direction distribution map of a wind farm based on the data collected by the wind turbines and the pile layout map;

[0111] The typhoon prevention control module is used to determine whether to enter the typhoon preparation mode according to the typhoon warning and perform typhoon prevention control;

[0112] The typhoon transit judgment module is used to analyze the wind speed distribution map and the weighted wind direction distribution map, and judge whether the typhoon has passed according to the analysis results. If it has passed, the anti-typhoon control is exited and normal power generation is carried out.

[0113] This embodiment also provides a computer device, which is suitable for the typhoon-resistant control method of an offshore wind turbine generator set, and includes a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute computer-executable instructions to implement the typhoon-resistant control method of an offshore wind turbine generator set as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0114] The computer device may be a terminal, and the computer device includes a processor, a memory, a communication interface, a display screen and an input device connected via a system bus. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be achieved through WIFI, an operator network, NFC (near field communication) or other technologies. The display screen of the computer device may be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer device may be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a key, trackball or touchpad provided on the housing of the computer device, or an external keyboard, touchpad or mouse, etc.

[0115] This embodiment also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, the method for realizing typhoon resistance control of an offshore wind turbine generator set as proposed in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0116] The storage medium proposed in this embodiment and the data storage method proposed in the above embodiment belong to the same inventive concept. The technical details not fully described in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiment, and this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above embodiment.

[0117] Example 2

[0118] This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which provides a typhoon resistance control method for an offshore wind turbine generator set. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments.

[0119] In order to verify the effectiveness of the typhoon-resistant control method for offshore wind turbines proposed in this invention, a 30-day field test was conducted at an offshore wind farm in the South China Sea. The wind farm consists of 50 wind turbines with a single unit capacity of 8MW and a total installed capacity of 400MW. During the experiment, a strong typhoon "Meranti" passed through, providing an ideal test environment for this experiment.

[0120] During the experimental preparation phase, each wind turbine in the wind farm was first thoroughly inspected and calibrated to ensure that the accuracy of all anemometers and wind direction sensors reached ±0.1m / s and ±1°. At the same time, the wind farm's pile layout map was updated to accurately record the geographic coordinates of each wind turbine. Subsequently, a high-performance computer cluster was installed in the wind farm control center to process large amounts of data in real time and perform complex computing tasks.

[0121] During the experiment, the system collected wind speed and direction data of all wind turbines every 10 seconds. In order to improve the calculation efficiency, the entire wind farm area was divided into a 100x100 high-resolution grid, and each grid point was used as an unknown point to be estimated. In the data processing process, the wind direction factor α and wind speed factor β were introduced, where α was taken as 0.8, β was taken as 1.5, and the distance power parameter p was taken as 2. These parameters are the optimal values ​​obtained through the previous simulation test.

[0122] In the process of wind speed estimation, the improved interpolation algorithm proposed in the present invention is adopted. This algorithm not only considers the actual distance from the wind turbine to the grid point, but also adjusts the "effective distance" through the wind direction factor, so that the influence of wind turbine data in the downwind direction on wind speed estimation is increased. At the same time, the introduction of the wind speed factor makes the data in the high wind speed area obtain a higher weight. In addition, by adding a linear trend term, the large-scale wind speed changes caused by typhoons are effectively simulated.

[0123] The wind direction estimation adopts the vector decomposition method, which effectively solves the angle averaging problem in the traditional method. By converting the wind direction into vector components, performing weighted averaging and then converting it back to angle, the continuous change characteristics of the wind direction in the typhoon environment are successfully captured.

[0124] The system sets the conditions for automatically triggering the "typhoon preparation mode": when the official typhoon warning information is detected, and the average wind speed in the wind field increases by more than 5m / s within 1 hour, or the wind direction changes by more than 45° within 30 minutes, it automatically enters the typhoon preparation state. In this state, the system updates the wind speed distribution map and the wind direction weighted change dynamic map every 1 minute to provide timely and accurate data support for subsequent decision-making.

[0125] When the 10-minute average wind speed of any two wind turbines exceeds 28m / s, the system automatically executes the protection shutdown mode. In this mode, the wind turbines will adjust according to the optimal yaw angle calculated in real time to minimize the windward area. At the same time, other wind turbines will enter the yaw-limited power generation mode, and maximize power generation while ensuring safety by fine-tuning the yaw angle and pitch angle.

[0126] After the typhoon passes, the system accurately identifies whether the typhoon has indeed left by analyzing the changing trends of the wind speed distribution map and the wind direction weighted change dynamic map. When the 10-minute average wind speed is lower than 15m / s for 3 hours and the wind direction changes tend to be stable, the system automatically sends a safety inspection notification to the operation and maintenance team and starts the batch and gradual wind farm restart process.

[0127] The following are some key data collected during the experiment, as shown in the following table:

[0128] Table 1 Experimental data table

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] First, in terms of wind speed estimation accuracy, the average error of the method of the present invention is only 0.5m / s, which is about 80% higher than the 2.8m / s of the traditional control system and the 2.3m / s and 2.1m / s of other improved systems. This high-precision wind speed estimation is crucial for wind turbine control in typhoon environments, because it directly affects the system's judgment of the wind turbine's operating status and the formulation of subsequent control strategies.

[0132] Secondly, in terms of wind direction estimation, the average error of the method of the present invention is 2.6°, which is much lower than the 15.6° of the traditional system and the 12.1° and 10.8° of other improved systems. This precise wind direction estimation capability enables the system to more accurately adjust the yaw angle of the wind turbine, thereby maximizing power generation in a typhoon environment while minimizing the adverse effects on the wind turbine.

[0133] In terms of average power generation during the typhoon, the control system of the present invention achieved 1320MWh / day, which is 37.5% higher than the traditional control system and 22.2% and 14.8% higher than other improved systems, respectively. This significant increase in power generation fully demonstrates the high efficiency of the method of the present invention under extreme meteorological conditions.

[0134] In general, the typhoon-resistant control method for offshore wind turbines proposed in the present invention shows significant advantages in many aspects, such as wind speed and wind direction estimation accuracy, power generation, equipment safety, and system response speed. This comprehensive performance improvement can not only maximize the power generation efficiency of wind farms under extreme weather conditions such as typhoons, but also significantly improve the safety and reliability of equipment, thereby reducing operating costs and improving the overall economic benefits of wind farms. This has important practical significance and long-term value for promoting the development of the offshore wind power industry, especially its application in typhoon-prone coastal areas.

[0135] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A typhoon control method for offshore wind turbine generator set, characterized in that: include, Generate wind speed distribution map and weighted wind direction distribution map of the wind farm based on the data collected by the wind turbines and the pile layout map; Determine whether to enter typhoon preparation mode based on typhoon warnings and carry out typhoon prevention and control; The wind speed distribution map and the weighted wind direction distribution map are analyzed, and whether a typhoon has passed through is determined based on the analysis results. If so, the typhoon resistance control is exited and normal power generation is resumed.

2. The typhoon resistance control method for offshore wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-typhoon control includes: Calculating the distance from the position of a certain wind turbine to each grid point of the wind speed distribution map, and selecting the estimated wind speed of the grid point with the smallest distance to compare with the measured wind speed of the wind turbine; If the estimated wind speed at the grid point is lower than the measured wind speed of the wind turbine, the current pitch angle and yaw angle are maintained to maintain a high wind speed power generation operation state; If the estimated wind speed at the grid point is higher than the measured wind speed of the wind turbine n meters per second, the position of the nacelle is determined. If the nacelle position angle is greater than m°, or the nacelle position angle is less than -m°, the unit where the wind turbine is located is automatically untied by m° and performs a yaw action. If the wind speed measurement values ​​of any two wind turbines reach the high wind speed shutdown action value, the wind turbines will enter the leeward state; Wherein n and m are both positive integers.

3. The typhoon resistance control method for offshore wind turbine generator set according to claim 2, characterized in that: The leeward state includes: The wind direction of the wind turbine is detected by the weighted wind direction diagram, and the wind direction angle is calculated. If the wind direction angle is between k° and m°, the controller issues a right yaw command and turns on the yaw brake to yaw the wind turbine to the leeward position through the yaw motor; If the wind direction angle is between 0° and z°, the controller issues a left yaw command and turns on the yaw brake to yaw the wind turbine to a leeward position through the yaw motor; After the yaw is completed, the fan performs a pulp collection operation to adjust the blades to a 90-degree position; Wherein k and z are both positive integers.

4. The typhoon resistance control method for offshore wind turbine generator set according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps for constructing the wind speed distribution map are as follows: Divide the entire wind farm into standard grids, and calculate the distances from all wind turbines to the grid points of the standard grids; Use wind direction factors to adjust distance and assign weights to each wind turbine based on wind speed and distance impact; The measured wind speeds of all wind turbines were fitted using the least squares method to obtain a linear trend term; estimating the wind speed of the grid point according to the adjusted distance, the weight and the linear trend term; Repeat the above steps until all grid points have estimated wind speed values.

5. The typhoon resistance control method for offshore wind turbine generator set according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance adjustment using the wind direction factor is shown in the following formula: di'=d,(1+α·cos(0-0)); Where d'i is the adjusted distance, di is the actual distance, α is the wind direction influence factor (0≤α≤1), θi is the azimuth from wind turbine i to the wind speed estimation point, and θ is the current dominant wind direction; The allocation weight is shown in the following formula: Where Vi is the wind speed of wind turbine i, Vmax is the maximum wind speed among all wind turbines, β is the wind speed influence index, and p is the distance power parameter; The wind speed at the estimated grid point is expressed by the following formula: Where V(x,y) is the estimated wind speed at position (x,y), wi and Vi are defined as above, γ is the trend term weight, ax+by+c is the linear trend term of wind speed, and a, b, c are coefficients obtained by fitting all known points using the least squares method.

6. The typhoon resistance control method for offshore wind turbine generator set according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps for constructing the weighted wind direction distribution map are as follows: Divide the entire wind farm into standard grids and decompose the wind direction at each grid point into the x and y components of a unit vector; For each target grid point (x,y), determine the weights of other grid points; For each grid point, determine the weighted average of the x and y components; Use the atan2 function to calculate the wind direction at each grid point; Adjust and convert the wind direction to obtain the final wind direction of the target grid point (x, y); Repeat the above steps for each grid point until all grid points have estimated wind directions.

7. The typhoon resistance control method for offshore wind turbine generator set according to claim 6, characterized in that: The determination of whether a typhoon has passed through includes: Analyze the wind direction weighted change dynamic graph. If the wind direction weighted change dynamic graph shows an obvious rotation mode, and the arrows in the central area are short or irregular, further analyze the wind speed distribution graph. If the wind speed distribution graph shows an obvious "concave" feature, that is, the wind speed drops sharply in a specific area, forming an isolated island of low wind speed, while the surrounding area still maintains a high wind speed, and the wind speed contours show a concentric circle distribution, with the lowest wind speed in the center and increasing outward, it indicates that the typhoon has not passed; If the dynamic graph of weighted changes in wind direction shows a large-scale, relatively consistent wind direction, the length and direction of the wind direction arrows tend to be uniform, and the wind speed distribution graph shows a large-scale, continuous downward trend, and the wind speed contour lines gradually become sparse and irregular, then it indicates the passage of a typhoon.

8. An offshore wind turbine anti-typhoon control system, based on the offshore wind turbine anti-typhoon control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include, A wind direction and wind speed distribution map construction module is used to generate a wind speed distribution map and a weighted wind direction distribution map of a wind farm based on the data collected by the wind turbines and the pile layout map; The typhoon prevention control module is used to determine whether to enter the typhoon preparation mode according to the typhoon warning and perform typhoon prevention control; The typhoon transit judgment module is used to analyze the wind speed distribution map and the weighted wind direction distribution map, and judge whether the typhoon has passed according to the analysis results. If it has passed, the anti-typhoon control is exited and normal power generation is carried out.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the offshore wind turbine anti-typhoon control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the typhoon resistance control method for an offshore wind turbine generator set according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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