Acquisition method and application of gear angular reference position in comprehensive measurement

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for acquiring a gear angular reference position in comprehensive measurement and application, and the method comprises the steps: enabling a driving gear in gear comprehensive error measurement equipment to rotate in one direction, obtaining a gear pair transmission error curve, and enabling the driving gear to move in the opposite direction, so as to obtain a gear pair transmission error curve in the other direction; according to the transmission error curve, demarcation points of an involute meshing stage and a tooth crest scraping stage when teeth of the code gear are in transmission with tooth surfaces on the left side and the right side of the measured gear are found respectively, and the angle-to-reference-position offset of the code gear can be calculated according to code gear rotation angle values corresponding to the demarcation points. According to the method, accurate gear angular reference position information can be obtained by using the gear comprehensive error measurement equipment, so that more comparable measurement data taking the angular reference position as a starting point can be obtained from a gear comprehensive measurement result, and the traceability and analyzability of the data of the gear comprehensive measurement result are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of precision measurement technology and instrument technology, and relates to a method for obtaining a gear angular reference position in comprehensive measurement and its application. Background Art

[0002] Gear comprehensive measurement includes single-sided gear meshing measurement and double-sided gear meshing measurement. The angular reference position of a gear in comprehensive measurement means that when the symmetry line of the left and right end face tooth profiles of the starting tooth of a gear is collinear with the center line of the gear pair, the position of the gear at this time is called the angular reference position of the gear in comprehensive measurement. The angular reference position offset is the angle deviation between the symmetry line of the left and right end face tooth profiles of the starting tooth of the gear and the center line of the gear pair.

[0003] When the overlap is less than 1 in single-sided meshing transmission, the position of the actual meshing point will extend beyond the theoretical meshing line. Therefore, the complete process of the active gear driving the passive gear to rotate can be divided into four stages: the tooth surface non-contact stage, the meshing stage, the involute meshing stage and the meshing out stage. The first stage, the tooth surface non-contact stage, is the stage where the active gear is idling, the passive gear stops rotating, and the gear transmission fails. The transmission error will increase in the tooth surface non-contact stage. The second stage, the meshing stage, is the stage where the tooth top of the passive gear scrapes on the tooth surface of the active gear, and the actual contact point is at the tooth top of the passive gear. The transmission error will increase in the meshing stage. The involute meshing stage is: the two gears are meshed and transmitted in the involute tooth profile part. For standard gears without errors, the gear transmission in the involute meshing stage is strictly transmitted according to the transmission ratio, and the transmission error does not change. The meshing out stage is: the tooth top of the active gear scrapes on the tooth surface of the passive gear, and the actual contact point is at the tooth top of the active gear. The transmission error will decrease in the meshing out stage.

[0004] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The transmission error curve in shows the characteristics of four stages: the section where the transmission error rises from 0 to a relatively stable and unchanged section is the tooth surface non-contact stage; the section where the transmission error becomes relatively stable and is only affected by gear error factors such as tooth profile deviation is the involute meshing stage; the section where the transmission error decreases after the involute meshing stage is the meshing-out stage, at which the contact point is the tooth top of the driving wheel, and the gear pair transmission ratio is greater than the involute meshing transmission ratio, and the transmission error decreases; the rising curve after the meshing-out stage represents the characteristics of the meshing-in stage, at which the gear pair transmission ratio is less than the involute meshing transmission ratio, and the transmission error increases.

[0005] Conventional gear comprehensive measuring instruments, including single-mesh and double-mesh measuring instruments, cannot accurately obtain the angular reference position of the matte gear and the product gear during measurement, so the effect is not ideal when making matte gear error correction. For matte gears, if the position of the starting tooth of the comprehensive measurement is different, the obtained comprehensive error curve will be different. The current method to determine the angular reference position of the comprehensive measurement is to use tools such as spherical pitch gauges, combined with manual judgment, to align the matte gear tooth profile with the tooth groove of the gear being measured. However, these methods cannot be automated and are inefficient. If the absolute position of the teeth of the active gear can still be automatically identified by the gear comprehensive measuring equipment after replacing the measured gear, rotating the gear position, etc., then the comparable measurement results starting from the angular reference position can be extracted from multiple gear comprehensive measurement results, enhancing the comparability and data analyzability of the gear comprehensive measurement results, and greatly improving the use value of gear comprehensive measurement. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, in order to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for acquiring the angular reference position of a gear in comprehensive measurement and its application, the acquisition method realizes the accurate calculation of the angular reference position in the comprehensive measurement of the gear by analyzing the three tooth surface contact stages with obvious characteristics reflected in the gear transmission error curves of the left and right tooth surfaces, thereby determining the evaluation area in the comprehensive measurement results.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for obtaining the angular reference position of a gear in comprehensive measurement, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Set the gear to be measured and the matte gear on the gear measuring device to the preset center distance position so that the two gears can perform single-sided meshing motion; Step 2: The gear under test is used as a passive gear, and the MOT gear is used as a driving gear to rotate in one direction. The angle data of the rotary encoders of the shaft system of the gear under test and the shaft system of the MOT gear are recorded and processed to obtain the transmission error curve of the gear pair. Step 3: The Mute gear rotates in the opposite direction of step 2 as the driving gear, and the angle data of the rotary encoders of the measured gear shaft system and the Mute gear shaft system are recorded and processed to obtain the gear pair transmission error curve; Step 4: Using the gear pair transmission error curve obtained in step 2 and step 3, find the turning points of the transmission error curve when the teeth of the MOT gear are transmitting with the tooth surfaces on the left and right sides of the gear being tested. The turning point is the dividing point between the involute meshing stage and the tooth top scraping stage; Step 5: From the two transmission error curves of the left and right tooth surfaces, we can get the rotation angle values ​​of the gear corresponding to the dividing points of rotation in two directions, which are θ1 and θ 2 , from which the angular reference position offset of the matt gear can be obtained

[0008] A method for improving the acquisition accuracy of the angular reference position of a gear in comprehensive measurement, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Set the gear to be measured and the matte gear on the gear measuring device to the preset center distance position so that the two gears can perform single-sided meshing motion; Step 2: The gear under test is used as a passive gear, and the MOT gear is used as a driving gear to rotate in one direction for multiple pitch angles. The angle data of the rotary encoders of the shaft system of the gear under test and the shaft system of the MOT gear are recorded and processed to obtain the transmission error curve of the gear pair. Step 3: The Mute gear, as the driving gear, rotates in the opposite direction of step 2 by multiple pitch angles, records and processes the angle data of the rotary encoders of the measured gear shaft system and the Mute gear shaft system, and obtains the gear pair transmission error curve; Step 4: Using the gear pair transmission error curve obtained in step 2 and step 3, we can find the turning points of the transmission error curve when the teeth of the MOT gear are transmitting with the tooth surfaces on the left and right sides of the gear being tested. The turning point is the dividing point between the involute meshing stage and the tooth top scraping stage. Step 5: From the clockwise transmission error curve, we can get the rotation angle values ​​of the gear corresponding to multiple dividing points, which are θ 11 ,θ 12 ,θ 13 …θ 1n From the counterclockwise transmission error curve, we can get the rotation angle values ​​of the gear corresponding to multiple dividing points, which are θ 21 ,θ 22 ,θ 23 …θ 2n , thus the angular reference position offsets of multiple gears can be obtained Calculate the average value of multiple angular reference position offsets Get the average angular reference position offset

[0009] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for obtaining the angular reference position of the gear or the method for improving the acquisition accuracy, the gear being measured can move as an active gear, that is: tooth No. 1 of the gear being measured is used as the starting tooth for the comprehensive gear measurement to mesh with the tooth groove of the matt gear.

[0010] Application of the method for obtaining the angular reference position of the gear in comprehensive measurement: Apply the method for obtaining the angular reference position of the gear in comprehensive measurement as described above to a gear radial comprehensive error measurement device or a gear tangential comprehensive error measurement device to obtain the gear angular reference position.

[0011] The method for improving the accuracy of obtaining the angular reference position of the gear in comprehensive measurement is applied to a gear radial comprehensive error measurement device or a gear tangential comprehensive error measurement device to obtain the gear angular reference position.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: By using the technical solution proposed in the present invention, the angular reference position information of the gear in single-sided meshing measurement and double-sided meshing measurement can be obtained; by using the method proposed in the present invention for improving the accuracy of obtaining the angular reference position of the gear in single-sided meshing and double-sided meshing comprehensive measurement, more accurate angular reference position information of the gear can be obtained. After obtaining the angular reference position information of the gear in single-sided meshing and double-sided meshing comprehensive measurement, more comparable measurement data with the angular reference position as the starting point can be obtained from the results of the gear comprehensive measurement, thereby enhancing the traceability and analyzability of the data of the gear comprehensive measurement results; it is also of greater help in improving the use value of the gear comprehensive measurement results, such as analyzing the source of gear errors and predicting the gear performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the angular reference position of the matte gear in the comprehensive gear measurement, where the small gear is the matte gear and the large gear is the gear to be measured; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the change of the meshing position of the gears when the gear pair rotates and meshes in one direction during the implementation of the method for obtaining the angular reference position of the gear in the comprehensive measurement of the gear, wherein the small gear is the matte gear and the large gear is the gear to be measured; Figure 3 It is a transmission error curve diagram in the method of obtaining the angular reference position of the gear in the comprehensive gear measurement, wherein the clockwise rotation of the matte gear and the counterclockwise rotation of the measured gear are taken as the positive direction, and the matte gear as the driving wheel rotates clockwise first and then counterclockwise; Figure 4 It is a transmission error curve diagram in a method for obtaining the accuracy of the angular reference position of the gear in a comprehensive measurement, in which the clockwise rotation of the matte gear and the counterclockwise rotation of the gear being measured are taken as the positive direction. The matte gear as the driving wheel rotates clockwise first and then counterclockwise. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following specific examples are given to further clearly, completely and in detail illustrate the technical solution of the present invention. This example is the best example based on the technical solution of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0016] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the starting tooth for measurement is tooth No. 1, and the measurement process goes through the following stages: process 1 is the stage where the tooth surface of tooth No. 1 is not in contact, process 2 is the transition from the involute meshing stage to the meshing-out stage of tooth No. 1, process 3 is the meshing-out stage of tooth No. 1 and the meshing-in stage of tooth No. 2, process 4 is the involute meshing stage of tooth No. 2, and process 5 is the transition from the involute meshing stage to the meshing-out stage of tooth No. 2.

[0017] Figure 2 The various states of the gear pair during the meshing transmission process are defined as: State A: The No. 1 tooth of the driving wheel is in the stage of no tooth contact; State B: The right tooth surface of the No. 1 tooth of the driving wheel is in involute meshing with the driven wheel; State C: The No. 1 tooth of the driving wheel exits the involute meshing stage, and the tooth top of the right tooth surface of the No. 1 tooth of the driving wheel begins to scrape the tooth surface of the driven wheel (the transition state from the involute meshing stage of the No. 1 tooth to the meshing-out stage); State G: The turning point from the meshing-out stage of the No. 1 tooth to the meshing-in stage of the No. 2 tooth; State D: The turning point from the meshing-in stage of the No. 2 tooth to the involute meshing stage of the No. 2 tooth; State E: The right tooth surface of the No. 2 tooth of the driving wheel is in involute meshing with the driven wheel; State F: The No. 2 tooth of the driving wheel exits the involute meshing, and the tooth top of the right tooth surface of the No. 2 tooth of the driving wheel begins to scrape the tooth surface of the driven wheel (the transition state from the involute meshing stage of the No. 2 tooth to the meshing-out stage).

[0018] Figure 4 It is shown in Figure 2 Transmission error characteristics corresponding to each state of the gear pair.

[0019] It should be noted that the attached figure only illustrates the results under one test condition, and other transmission error curve states may also appear.

[0020] Example 1 Based on the above description, this embodiment proposes a method for obtaining the angular reference position of a gear in comprehensive measurement, which comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the gear to be measured and the MOT gear, both of which are involute cylindrical spur gears, at the corresponding installation positions in the gear comprehensive measuring equipment, and use manual recognition or machine vision recognition methods to align the No. 1 tooth of the MOT gear with the tooth groove position of the gear to be measured, such as Figure 2 State 1 in the gear measuring device; set the gear to be measured and the matte gear on the gear measuring device to a suitable center distance position so that the two gears can perform single-sided meshing motion; It is worth noting that at this time, the positions of the two gears are not necessarily at the angular reference position.

[0021] Step 2: The gear under test is used as the passive gear, and the MOT gear is used as the active gear to rotate in one direction. The angle data of the rotary encoders of the gear under test and the MOT gear are recorded and processed, and the transmission error curve of the gear pair is calculated, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0022] Step 3: The MOT gear rotates in the opposite direction as the driving gear. The angle data of the rotary encoders of the tested gear shaft system and the MOT gear shaft system are recorded and processed to calculate the transmission error curve of the gear pair, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0023] Step 4: Using the transmission error curves of the left and right tooth surfaces of the gear obtained in steps 2 and 3, a turning point of the transmission error curve when the teeth of the matte gear are transmitting to the tooth surfaces on the left and right sides of the gear being tested can be found respectively; The turning point is the dividing point between the involute meshing stage and the tooth top scraping stage. Figure 3 The point represented by state C in the figure can be obtained from the two transmission error curves of the left and right tooth surfaces, and the corresponding rotation angle values ​​of the gear corresponding to the dividing point of rotation in two directions are θ 1 =6.12° and θ 2 =-3.41°, from which the angular reference position offset of the matt gear can be obtained:

[0024] Furthermore, in the method for obtaining the angular reference position of the gear, the gear being measured can also move as an active gear, that is, tooth No. 1 of the gear being measured is used as the starting tooth for the comprehensive gear measurement to mesh with the tooth groove of the matte gear.

[0025] Example 2 In this embodiment, a method for improving the accuracy of obtaining the angular reference position of a gear in comprehensive measurement is proposed. The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Place the gear to be measured and the MOT gear, both of which are involute cylindrical spur gears, at the corresponding installation positions in the gear comprehensive measuring equipment, and use manual recognition or machine vision recognition methods to align the No. 1 tooth of the MOT gear with the tooth groove position of the gear to be measured, such as Figure 2 State 1 in the gear measuring device; set the gear to be measured and the matte gear on the gear measuring device to a suitable center distance position so that the two gears can perform single-sided meshing motion; It is worth noting that at this time, the positions of the two gears are not necessarily at the angular reference position.

[0026] Step 2: The gear under test is used as the passive gear, and the MOT gear is used as the active gear to rotate in one direction for multiple pitch angles. The angle data of the rotary encoders of the gear under test and the MOT gear are recorded and processed to obtain the gear pair transmission error curve, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0027] Step 3: The MOT gear, as the driving gear, rotates in the opposite direction for multiple pitch angles, records and processes the angle data of the rotary encoders of the tested gear shaft system and the MOT gear shaft system, and obtains the gear pair transmission error curve, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0028] Step 4: Using the transmission error curves of the left and right tooth surfaces obtained in steps 2 and 3, the turning points of the transmission error curves when the teeth of multiple matte gears are transmitting to the tooth surfaces on the left and right sides of the gear being tested can be found; This turning point is the dividing point between the involute meshing stage and the meshing-out stage. Figure 4 The points in the state C and state F in the gear pair rotation process are represented by similar states. From the clockwise transmission error curve, the rotation angle values ​​of the gears represented by multiple dividing points are θ 11 =6.12°、θ 12 =10.20°, from the transmission error curve of counterclockwise rotation, we can get the rotation angle values ​​of the gear represented by multiple dividing points as θ 21 =-3.41°,θ 22 =-7.45°, such as Figure 4 As shown; Thus, multiple angular reference position offsets of the gears can be obtained. Find the average of multiple angular reference position offsets: Get the average angular reference position offset

[0029] Furthermore, in the method for obtaining the angular reference position of the gear, the gear being measured can also move as an active gear, that is, tooth No. 1 of the gear being measured is used as the starting tooth for the comprehensive gear measurement to mesh with the tooth groove of the matte gear.

[0030] Furthermore, the method for acquiring the angular reference position of the gear in the comprehensive measurement is applied to the gear radial comprehensive error measurement equipment, and the acquisition method in the above embodiment or the method for improving the acquisition accuracy is applied to the gear radial comprehensive error measurement equipment to acquire the angular reference position of the gear during measurement.

[0031] Furthermore, the method for acquiring the angular reference position of the gear in the comprehensive measurement is applied to the gear tangential comprehensive error measuring device, and the acquisition method in the above embodiment or the method for improving the acquisition accuracy thereof is applied to the gear tangential comprehensive error measuring device to acquire the angular reference position of the gear during measurement.

[0032] The above shows and describes the main features, basic principles and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements according to actual conditions, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for obtaining the angular reference position of a gear in comprehensive measurement, characterized in that: The method consists of the following steps: Step 1: Set the gear to be measured and the matte gear on the gear measuring device to the preset center distance position so that the two gears can perform single-sided meshing motion; Step 2: The gear under test is used as a passive gear, and the MOT gear is used as a driving gear to rotate in one direction. The angle data of the rotary encoders of the shaft system of the gear under test and the shaft system of the MOT gear are recorded and processed to obtain the transmission error curve of the gear pair. Step 3: The Mute gear rotates in the opposite direction of step 2 as the driving gear, and the angle data of the rotary encoders of the measured gear shaft system and the Mute gear shaft system are recorded and processed to obtain the gear pair transmission error curve; Step 4: Using the gear pair transmission error curve obtained in step 2 and step 3, find the turning points of the transmission error curve when the teeth of the MOT gear are transmitting with the tooth surfaces on the left and right sides of the gear being tested. The turning point is the dividing point between the involute meshing stage and the tooth top scraping stage; Step 5: From the two transmission error curves of the left and right tooth surfaces, the rotation angle values ​​of the MOT gear corresponding to the dividing points of rotation in two directions can be obtained, which are θ1 and θ2 respectively. From this, the angular reference position offset of the MOT gear can be obtained.

2. The method for obtaining the angular reference position of a gear in comprehensive measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active and passive relationship between the MT gear and the gear being measured can be swapped.

3. A method for improving the accuracy of obtaining the angular reference position of a gear in comprehensive measurement, characterized in that: The method consists of the following steps: Step 1: Set the gear to be measured and the matte gear on the gear measuring device to the preset center distance position so that the two gears can perform single-sided meshing motion; Step 2: The gear under test is used as a passive gear, and the MOT gear is used as a driving gear to rotate in one direction for multiple pitch angles. The angle data of the rotary encoders of the shaft system of the gear under test and the shaft system of the MOT gear are recorded and processed to obtain the transmission error curve of the gear pair. Step 3: The Mute gear, as the driving gear, rotates in the opposite direction of step 2 by multiple pitch angles, records and processes the angle data of the rotary encoders of the measured gear shaft system and the Mute gear shaft system, and obtains the gear pair transmission error curve; Step 4: Using the gear pair transmission error curve obtained in step 2 and step 3, we can find the turning points of the transmission error curve when the teeth of the MOT gear are transmitting with the tooth surfaces on the left and right sides of the gear being tested. The turning point is the dividing point between the involute meshing stage and the tooth top scraping stage. Step 5: From the clockwise transmission error curve, we can get the rotation angle values ​​of the gear corresponding to multiple dividing points, which are θ 11 ,θ 12 ,θ 13 …θ 1n From the counterclockwise transmission error curve, we can get the rotation angle values ​​of the gear corresponding to multiple dividing points, which are θ 21 ,θ 22 ,θ 23 …θ 2n , thus the angular reference position offsets of multiple gears can be obtained Calculate the average value of multiple angular reference position offsets Get the average angular reference position offset 4. A method for improving the accuracy of obtaining the angular reference position of a gear in comprehensive measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The active and passive relationship between the MT gear and the gear being measured can be swapped.

5. Application of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in a gear radial comprehensive error measuring device.

6. Application of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in a gear tangential comprehensive error measurement device.

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