BIM (Building Information Modeling) data model creation method based on microkernel architecture

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of BIM data management, in particular to a microkernel architecture-based BIM data model creation method, which comprises the following steps of: S1, establishing a BIM database according to a microkernel architecture to serve as a single data source in the whole life cycle of a project; s2, formulating a route data dictionary according to a data structure defined by the road three-dimensional design system, and uploading the route data dictionary to a data dictionary management system; s3, storing a route BIM model created based on the road three-dimensional design system into a BIM database; s4, the bridge professional design system obtains route model data from the BIM database, obtains a route data dictionary from the BIM data dictionary management system, and analyzes the route model data; and S5, repeating the steps S2-S4 until convergence storage, circulation and application of the BIM data in the whole life period of the project are completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of BIM data management, and in particular to a BIM data model creation method based on a microkernel architecture. Background Art

[0002] The BIM data connectivity problem is one of the difficult and painful problems that plague the engineering community, and it is also one of the important constraints that affect the promotion and application of BIM technology. Establish and maintain a single BIM data source throughout the life cycle of the project, and all participants obtain the required BIM data from this data source. This idea is the general consensus of the current academic and engineering communities on how to solve the BIM data connectivity problem. The BIM data model is the basis for establishing a single BIM data source, and the BIM data model created by existing technologies has some shortcomings.

[0003] Insufficient data models created by BIM modeling platform vendors: BIM modeling platform vendors (such as Bentley) have designed data models that are compatible with their platforms and save BIM data in a platform-specific BIM data format. The disadvantage is that the data model is completely extended by the user, but there is a lack of unified management of the extended parts. This results in users being unable to understand other users' extended parts, making it impossible for data to flow effectively between different users.

[0004] Insufficient data models in the IFC standard: The data model contained in the IFC standard is open source and can meet the BIM data storage requirements for the entire life cycle of the project. The disadvantage is that it attempts to expand unsupported professions and scenarios in an exhaustive manner, which makes the IFC standard increasingly complex and difficult to use. IFC was originally developed by the construction industry as a standard for data storage and exchange. In order to expand the scope of application of the IFC standard, IFC2X3 version has successively added support for line centerlines, bridges, railways, roads, tunnels, ports and water transport. In practice, each new profession attempts to exhaustively enumerate all field objects. This exhaustive expansion of supported professions and scenarios cannot meet the needs of BIM data circulation in the engineering industry.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to deepen the understanding of the overall background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or suggesting in any form that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a BIM data model creation method based on a microkernel architecture to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a BIM data model creation method based on a microkernel architecture, which comprises: S1: Establish a BIM database based on the microkernel architecture as a single data source for the entire project life cycle; S2: Formulate a route data dictionary based on the data structure defined by the road 3D design system and upload it to the data dictionary management system; S3: Save the route BIM model created based on the road 3D design system into the BIM database; S4: The bridge professional design system obtains the route model data from the BIM database, obtains the route data dictionary from the BIM data dictionary management system, and parses the route model data; S5: Repeat steps S2-S4 until the aggregation, storage, circulation and application of BIM data throughout the life cycle of the project are completed.

[0008] Preferably, step S1 includes: the BIM data model is composed of a data kernel module and a data plug-in module, the data kernel module is composed of a model storage and model management module, and the data plug-in module set is composed of an application domain plug-in; the physical model of the BIM database is designed according to this organizational structure, and a BIM database is established as a single data source for the project; the BIM database ensures the integrity of the stored data, and the BIM data is continuously collected and improved as the project progresses.

[0009] Preferably, step S2 includes: the route overall professional needs to generate a route data dictionary according to a certain organizational structure for the data structure defined by the road three-dimensional design system, and submit it to the data dictionary management system for management; the data dictionary is used to describe the metadata of the data structure in the BIM application system, and its structure includes dictionary header information, entity object metadata, attribute set metadata, attribute metadata, and entity relationship metadata; the data dictionary management system needs to have the ability to upload data dictionaries, maintain data dictionaries, query data dictionaries, manage users, and manage permissions.

[0010] Preferably, step S3 includes: exporting the route model in the road three-dimensional design system according to the IFC standard and saving it in the BIM database.

[0011] Preferably, step S4 comprises: taking out the route model data from the BIM database, obtaining a data dictionary from a data dictionary management system, and parsing out the real type of the entity object in the route model data according to the BIM model meta-information in the data dictionary.

[0012] Preferably, step S5 includes: after the professional bridge design is completed, the data structure of the professional bridge design system is also made into a data dictionary, uploaded to the data field management system for hosting; and the design results are stored in the BIM database.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention first makes the data structure defined by the BIM application system into a data dictionary and uploads it to the data dictionary management system for hosting. Secondly, the BIM data in the BIM application system is saved in the BIM database according to the BIM data model structure. Finally, the BIM data user obtains the BIM data from the BIM database, obtains the BIM data dictionary from the data dictionary management system, and parses the BIM data according to the BIM data dictionary. In this way, even if the data structure of the BIM application system is different, it is possible to understand and use the BIM data based on "common semantics", thereby solving the problem of BIM data connectivity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of creating a BIM data model based on the microkernel architecture concept provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A workflow diagram of a BIM data model creation method based on a microkernel architecture provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the data dictionary organizational structure diagram provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a data dictionary file template provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0018] Combination Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a BIM data model creation method based on a microkernel architecture. The microkernel architecture is an extensible system architecture that is split based on functions and consists of a core system and plug-in modules. The design idea of ​​the microkernel is to keep the kernel as simple as possible and move more functions to the plug-in modules to improve the reliability, security, extensibility and maintainability of the system.

[0019] The core system only retains the most core and basic functions and mechanisms, which are universal and business-independent. The design of the core system should fully consider the plug-in module, including plug-in management, plug-in connection and plug-in communication.

[0020] The plug-in module is responsible for implementing specific business logic and is connected to the core system through the plug-in management mechanism to provide services to users. The plug-in modules are independent units and do not affect each other. Adding new plug-ins or replacing existing plug-ins will not affect the overall operation of the system.

[0021] Data dictionary is a tool and resource used to define and manage data in information systems. It contains metadata about the data in the information system, including data definition, structure, attributes, relationships, constraints and descriptions. Data dictionary plays a vital role in ensuring data consistency during data exchange between systems.

[0022] The BIM data model is created based on the microkernel architecture concept. The BIM data model consists of a data kernel module and a data plug-in module.

[0023] The data kernel module consists of a storage module and a management module, which integrate two basic capabilities: BIM model data storage and BIM model data management. The storage module defines basic concepts such as objects, geometry, attributes, and relationships, as well as extension mechanisms based on these concepts, for storing BIM model data. Objects can be objectively existing tangible entity objects or logical entity objects in the engineering field. Geometry is used to express the appearance and shape of tangible entity objects. Attributes are a collection of all features or characteristics of an object. Relationships are descriptions of the mutual association or interaction between objects. The management module defines the basic management elements in engineering, and the plug-in module can define management functions that meet the business based on these basic management elements.

[0024] The data plug-in module is defined based on the extension of the data core module. It integrates the basic business storage units in the engineering life cycle for specific business scenarios. Data storage plug-ins can be added on demand according to business needs, and they do not affect each other. Data storage plug-ins with the same function can be replaced with each other. Taking the model storage plug-in as an example, its main function is to store domain model data losslessly, regardless of what the domain model data is. A general component entity object will be defined in the model storage to store all types of component entities in the domain.

[0025] The single data source established based on the above BIM data model needs to be combined with the BIM data dictionary service to effectively solve the problem of engineering BIM data integration. The BIM data dictionary solves the problem of what data is stored in the BIM data model and promotes the unified understanding of stored data by different application systems.

[0026] First, the data structure defined by the BIM application system needs to be made into a data dictionary and uploaded to the data dictionary management system for hosting. Secondly, the BIM data in the BIM application system is saved in the BIM database according to the BIM data model structure. Finally, the BIM data user obtains the BIM data from the BIM database, obtains the BIM data dictionary from the data dictionary management system, and parses the BIM data according to the BIM data dictionary. In this way, even if the data structure of the BIM application system is different, it can be understood and used based on "common semantics", thereby solving the problem of BIM data connectivity.

[0027] In order to better understand the use of BIM data models created based on microservice architecture, the following multi-professional collaborative design scenario in the highway industry is used as an example to illustrate.

[0028] The design of a complete highway model requires the collaboration of multiple disciplines such as topography, geology, routes, bridges, tunnels, culverts, and traffic engineering to be completed. The start time of each professional design is in sequence and there is a mutual dependence and constraint relationship. For example, the overall route design should be started first, and the design results are transferred to downstream disciplines such as bridges and tunnels before the downstream disciplines can start design. After receiving the geological and topographic models, the route discipline first carries out the horizontal, vertical, and three-dimensional full-parameter interactive design of the main line and interchanges, and performs the roadbed cross-section design and automatic grading based on the original features and constraint-driven cross-section creation technology. After the design is completed, the route data is passed to the downstream disciplines. Based on the upstream route data, the bridge discipline realizes functions such as bridge scheme design, span distribution, and linkage change. Users complete the design and layout of bridge models by defining component libraries, selecting route data, and performing bridge design and other modules; tunnel professionals complete the overall layout of tunnels, section design, portal and gate structures, longitudinal segmentation, lining design, and pavement and facility planning in tunnels based on route data; the design results of routes, bridges, and tunnels are integrated and distributed to downstream professionals to carry out professional designs such as culverts and traffic safety. The channel culvert profession undertakes route and roadbed data, and completes the design and layout of various types of channel culvert structures such as circular culverts, box culverts, and cover culverts; the traffic engineering profession undertakes the overall data and information of the design system of highway main projects (routes, roadbed pavements, bridges, culverts, tunnels, etc.), and based on the industry standards and specifications of traffic engineering, embedded parameters are used to realize the automatic modeling of traffic engineering safety facility sign layout design, plane layout, guardrail layout, marking line marking, etc., and form a highway BIM overall model through connection and integration with the design models of various professionals. After all the highway BIM overall models have passed the review, each professional will carry out drawing, engineering quantity statistics, model coding and other work.

[0029] Specifically, this embodiment provides a method for creating a BIM data model based on a microkernel architecture, comprising the following steps: S1: Formulate a route data dictionary based on the data structure defined by the road 3D design system and upload it to the data dictionary management system; The route general professional needs to generate a route data dictionary according to a certain organizational structure based on the data structure defined by the road 3D design system, and submit it to the data dictionary management system for management; The data structure in the BIM application system is designed independently without external constraints. For example, R&D personnel independently design the data structure of the road 3D design system based on the overall professional business characteristics of the route without having to consider the relevance to other systems or platforms. This feature makes the BIM data model proposed in this paper cross-platform and improves its scope of application.

[0030] The data dictionary is used to describe the metadata of the data structure in the BIM application system. The route data dictionary of the road 3D design system needs to be able to describe how many route entity objects are defined, the components of each entity object, the value range and value type of each component, and the relationship between each entity object and other entity objects.

[0031] The management of the data dictionary management system requires basic capabilities such as data dictionary uploading, data dictionary maintenance, data dictionary query, user management, and permission management.

[0032] S2: Establish a BIM database based on the BIM data model as the single data source for the entire project life cycle; The BIM data model defined in this paper consists of a data core module and a data plug-in module. The data core module consists of a model storage and model management module, and the data plug-in module set consists of an application domain plug-in. According to this organizational structure, the physical model of the BIM database is designed, and a BIM database is established as the single data source for the project. This BIM database ensures the integrity of the stored data, and the BIM data is continuously collected and improved as the project progresses.

[0033] S3: Use the road 3D design system to create a route model and save the route model in the BIM database; Use the road 3D design system to create a route model, save the route model to the BIM database, and save the route data dictionary access information to the BIM database. Take the route longitudinal section entity object as an example:

[0034] In the BIM database, the domain general entity objects defined in the data storage plug-in are used to store the line longitudinal section entity objects. The storage content is as follows:

[0035] The route profile entity object dictionary access information is stored in the BIM database. The storage content is as follows:

[0036] S4: The bridge / tunnel / culvert professional design system obtains the route model data from the BIM database, obtains the route data dictionary from the BIM data dictionary management system, and parses the route model data.

[0037] Route model data and data dictionary access information taken from the BIM database. Based on the data field access information, the meta information of the route model data is obtained from the BIM data management system, thereby parsing the real type of the entity object in the route model data.

[0038] Take the line profile entity object analysis as an example: ① Obtain the line longitudinal section entity object data from the BIM database as shown in #2 in Table 2; ② Obtain the line longitudinal section entity data field access information from the BIM database as shown in #3 and #4 in Table 3; ③ Obtain the dictionary information of the line longitudinal section entity data from the BIM data dictionary management information, such as obtaining it according to the uri attribute in #3. The obtained result is shown in the object definition part of Table 1; ④ According to the contents of ① and ③, reconstruct the route longitudinal section object in the user's BIM application system; S5: Repeat S2-S4 to complete the aggregation, storage, circulation and use of BIM data; After the bridge / tunnel / culvert professional design is completed, the data structure of the bridge / tunnel / culvert professional design system is also made into a data dictionary and uploaded to the data field management system for hosting; and the design results are stored in the BIM database. The traffic engineering major undertakes the overall data and information of the design system of the main highway project (route, roadbed and pavement, bridges, culverts, tunnels, etc.) and completes the traffic professional model design work.

[0039] In view of the problem that the modeling platform is flexible in expanding domain objects but lacks unified management of the extended parts, resulting in the inability of BIM data users to understand and use the extended BIM data, the present invention proposes to solve the problem by formulating a data dictionary and uniformly managing the data dictionary and providing services to the outside world.

[0040] In view of the problem that IFC attempts to exhaustively define all domain object types to adapt to the storage and circulation of BIM data throughout the life cycle of the project, the present invention proposes to create a BIM data model based on a microkernel architecture. The plug-in part of the BIM data model only needs to meet the degree of lossless storage of domain object data, without the need to refine the specific types of domain objects.

[0041] By adopting a single data source based on the BIM data model proposed in this paper and cooperating with the BIM data dictionary service, the collection and storage of BIM data and the efficient circulation across platforms and systems are realized, which effectively solves the problem of BIM data connectivity throughout the life cycle of the project.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for creating a BIM data model based on a microkernel architecture, characterized in that: include: S1: Establish a BIM database based on the microkernel architecture as a single data source for the entire project life cycle; S2: Formulate a route data dictionary based on the data structure defined by the road 3D design system and upload it to the data dictionary management system; S3: Save the route BIM model created based on the road 3D design system into the BIM database; S4: The bridge professional design system obtains the route model data from the BIM database, obtains the route data dictionary from the BIM data dictionary management system, and parses the route model data; S5: Repeat steps S2-S4 until the aggregation, storage, circulation and application of BIM data throughout the life cycle of the project are completed.

2. The method for creating a BIM data model based on a microkernel architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 includes: The BIM data model is composed of a data kernel module and a data plug-in module. The data kernel module is composed of a model storage and a model management module. The data plug-in module set is composed of an application domain plug-in. The physical model of the BIM database is designed according to this organizational structure, and a BIM database is established as a single data source for the project. The BIM database ensures the integrity and consistency of the stored data, and as the project progresses, BIM data is continuously collected and improved.

3. The method for creating a BIM data model based on a microkernel architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 includes: The route general professional needs to generate a route data dictionary according to a certain organizational structure based on the data structure defined by the road 3D design system, and submit it to the data dictionary management system for management; The data dictionary is used to describe the metadata of the data structure in the BIM application system. Its structure includes dictionary header information, entity object metadata, attribute set metadata, attribute metadata, and entity relationship metadata. The management of the data dictionary management system requires the ability to upload data dictionaries, maintain data dictionaries, query data dictionaries, manage users, and manage permissions.

4. The method for creating a BIM data model based on a microkernel architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 includes: The route model in the road 3D design system is exported according to the IFC standard and saved in the BIM database.

5. The method for creating a BIM data model based on a microkernel architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 includes: The route model data is taken out from the BIM database, and the data dictionary is obtained from the data dictionary management system. According to the BIM model meta-information in the data dictionary, the real type of the entity object in the route model data is parsed.

6. The method for creating a BIM data model based on a microkernel architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5 includes: After the professional design of the bridge is completed, the data structure of the professional design system of the bridge is also made into a data dictionary and uploaded to the data field management system for hosting; and the design results are stored in the BIM database.

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