Positioning method and system for electrical conduit embedding based on BIM model

Abstract

The invention discloses a positioning method and system for electrical conduit embedding based on a BIM model, and relates to the technical field of data processing, and the method comprises the steps: building a three-dimensional model; acquiring a conflict area based on the three-dimensional model, acquiring a starting point location and an end point location of the electrical conduit based on the three-dimensional model, and acquiring a first pre-buried path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point location and the end point location; obtaining a safety distance according to a preset electrical conduit specification, obtaining a minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first pre-buried path, obtaining an optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, and adjusting the first pre-buried path to be a second pre-buried path according to the optimization strategy; generating a plurality of positioning coordinates according to the second pre-buried path; marking on the spot according to the positioning coordinates, forming pre-buried points, and completing pre-burying of the preset electrical conduit according to the pre-buried points. The method has the advantages of being accurate, reliable, high in positioning efficiency and comprehensive in optimization and adjustment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and in particular to a positioning method and system for pre-embedded electrical conduits based on a BIM model. Background Art

[0002] In the field of modern construction, with the rapid development of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology, it has become an important tool to improve the efficiency of building design, construction and operation and maintenance. BIM technology creates a three-dimensional digital model containing all components of the building, realizes the integration and sharing of information in various stages such as design and construction, and greatly improves the level of refined management of engineering projects. Especially in electrical installation projects, the pre-embedding of electrical conduits is a key link, and its accuracy and efficiency directly affect the smooth progress of subsequent construction and the quality of the overall project.

[0003] The traditional method of pre-embedding electrical conduits relies on two-dimensional drawings and on-site experience, which has many shortcomings. First, two-dimensional drawings are difficult to intuitively display complex spatial relationships, which can easily lead to inaccurate pre-embedded positions and even conflicts with other building structures, increasing rework costs. Secondly, the lack of effective conflict detection methods makes it difficult to discover and resolve potential collision problems in advance during the construction process, affecting construction progress and safety. In addition, traditional methods often rely on manual judgment for conduit path planning, making it difficult to achieve the optimal layout, which not only increases material consumption, but may also affect the overall performance of the electrical system.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can fully utilize the advantages of BIM technology to achieve accurate positioning of electrical conduit pre-embedded. This method needs to be able to automatically identify and handle conflicts between conduit paths and other building elements based on the three-dimensional model, while considering the safety distance requirements of electrical conduit specifications, and automatically plan the best pre-embedded path that avoids conflicts and meets actual construction needs. In addition, this method can also automatically generate positioning coordinates to guide on-site construction personnel to accurately mark pre-embedded points, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and efficiency of pre-embedded operations, reducing construction costs, and ensuring the quality and safety of electrical system installation. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a positioning method and system for pre-buried electrical conduits based on the BIM model, aiming to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Through a series of technical means such as three-dimensional modeling, conflict detection, path optimization and automatic positioning, the intelligent and precise management of pre-buried electrical conduits is realized, thereby promoting the technological progress of building electrical installation projects.

[0006] A positioning method for pre-embedded electrical conduits based on a BIM model comprises: building a three-dimensional model; obtaining a conflict area based on the three-dimensional model, obtaining a starting point and an end point of the electrical conduit based on the three-dimensional model, and obtaining a first pre-embedded path based on a path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point and the end point; obtaining a safety distance according to preset electrical conduit specifications, and obtaining a minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first pre-embedded path, and obtaining an optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, and adjusting the first pre-embedded path to a second pre-embedded path according to the optimization strategy; generating a plurality of positioning coordinates according to the second pre-embedded path; marking on the spot according to the positioning coordinates to form pre-embedded points, and completing the pre-embedded electrical conduits according to the pre-embedded points.

[0007] Optionally, obtaining a first pre-buried path based on a path calculation model, a conflict area, a starting point and an end point includes: obtaining an x-axis coordinate difference, a y-axis coordinate difference and a z-axis coordinate difference between the starting point and the end point; obtaining a path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference and the z-axis coordinate difference; obtaining an edge coordinate position of the conflict area, obtaining an obstacle avoidance condition based on the edge coordinate position, optimizing the path length based on the obstacle avoidance condition and generating a first pre-buried path.

[0008] Optionally, the x-axis coordinate difference, y-axis coordinate difference, and z-axis coordinate difference between the starting point and the end point are obtained and expressed as: , , ;in, End point , Starting point , is the x-axis coordinate difference, is the y-axis coordinate difference, is the z-axis coordinate difference.

[0009] Optionally, the path calculation model in obtaining the path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference, and the z-axis coordinate difference is expressed as: , ; ; ; , ;in, is the path length, is a parameterized curve, is the representation of points on the parameterized curve, As parameters, and is the proportionality coefficient, is the tangent vector of a point on the parameterized curve.

[0010] Optionally, optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and generating the first pre-buried path includes: optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtaining a parameterized curve under the minimum path length; generating the first pre-buried path according to the parameterized curve.

[0011] Optionally, optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtaining a parameterized curve under the minimum path length include: ;in, is the area surrounded by the edge coordinate position.

[0012] Optionally, obtaining an optimization strategy based on the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance and adjusting the first pre-buried path to the second pre-buried path according to the optimization strategy includes: determining whether the minimum conflict distance is less than the safety distance; if so, obtaining the safety difference between the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, optimizing the obstacle avoidance condition according to the safety difference and forming a new obstacle avoidance condition, optimizing the path length according to the new obstacle avoidance condition and generating the second pre-buried path.

[0013] A BIM-based electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning system is also provided, the system comprising: a building module for building a three-dimensional model; a path calculation module for obtaining a conflict area based on the three-dimensional model, and obtaining a starting point and an end point of the electrical conduit based on the three-dimensional model, and obtaining a first pre-embedded path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point and the end point; a path optimization module for obtaining a safety distance according to preset electrical conduit specifications, and obtaining a minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first pre-embedded path, and obtaining an optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, and adjusting the first pre-embedded path to a second pre-embedded path according to the optimization strategy; and a positioning coordinate generation module for generating multiple positioning coordinates according to the second pre-embedded path.

[0014] Optionally, the path calculation module is also used to: obtain the x-axis coordinate difference, y-axis coordinate difference and z-axis coordinate difference between the starting point and the end point according to the starting point and the end point; obtain the path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference and the z-axis coordinate difference; obtain the edge coordinate position of the conflict area, obtain the obstacle avoidance condition according to the edge coordinate position, optimize the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and generate a first embedded path.

[0015] Optionally, the path calculation module is further used to: optimize the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtain a parameterized curve under the minimum path length; and generate a first pre-buried path according to the parameterized curve.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in: In the entire BIM-based electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning method, a virtual environment is constructed so that all architectural elements that may be involved in the conduit path are intuitively displayed in three-dimensional form, which completely solves the limitations of two-dimensional drawings in expressing complex spatial relationships. On this basis, comprehensive conflict detection technology is applied, which can automatically identify and mark all potential conflict areas, such as intersections with other pipelines, structural beams, load-bearing columns, etc., laying a solid foundation for subsequent path planning; further, the path calculation model combines the conflict area information and the safety distance requirements of the electrical conduit specifications to automatically plan the optimal pre-embedded path from the starting point to the end point. In this process, not only the economy and practicality of the path are considered, but more importantly, through detailed conflict distance analysis and safety distance comparison, the preliminary path is optimized and adjusted as necessary to ensure the pre-embedded path The path avoids all conflicts and maintains a safe distance with other building elements, greatly improving the safety and accuracy of the pre-embedded operation; further, the method also accurately generates a series of positioning coordinates for on-site construction based on the optimized pre-embedded path. These coordinate points cover every key point of the path, including the starting point, the end point, and the intersection with the building structure, and are based on the overall coordinate system of the construction project, ensuring the precise positioning of subsequent construction. Construction personnel only need to use professional measuring tools to mark on-site based on these coordinate points to quickly and accurately form pre-embedded points, which provides great convenience for the pre-embedded work of electrical conduits; finally, the implementation of the entire method not only significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of pre-embedded electrical conduits, reduces the rework costs caused by inaccurate positions or conflicts, but also ensures the overall quality and safety of electrical system installation. It has comprehensively improved the level of refined management of electrical installation projects and provided strong technical support for high-quality development in the field of modern construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of the positioning method for pre-embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of some steps of S2 in the positioning method for pre-embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of some steps of S23 in the positioning method for pre-embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model of the present invention; Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of step S3 of the positioning method for pre-embedded electrical conduits based on the BIM model of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a positioning method for pre-embedded electrical conduits based on a BIM model is provided, comprising: S1, build a three-dimensional model; S2. Acquire the conflict area based on the three-dimensional model, acquire the starting point and the end point of the electrical conduit based on the three-dimensional model, and acquire the first pre-buried path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point and the end point; S3. Obtain the safety distance according to the preset electrical conduit specifications, and obtain the minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first pre-buried path, and obtain the optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, and adjust the first pre-buried path to the second pre-buried path according to the optimization strategy; S4, generating a plurality of positioning coordinates according to the second pre-embedded path; S5. Mark and form pre-buried points on site according to the positioning coordinates, and complete the pre-buried electrical conduits according to the pre-buried points.

[0023] In this embodiment, it should be noted that in S1, the construction of the entire three-dimensional model is involved. This step requires the use of BIM technology to accurately model all relevant components of the construction project, including but not limited to walls, floor slabs, beams and columns, doors and windows, and various facilities and equipment in three dimensions. This process requires not only that the model has a high degree of geometric accuracy, but also must contain rich attribute information, such as material, size, position, etc., to ensure the accuracy and practicality of subsequent analysis. In actual operation, professional BIM software such as Revit, AutoCAD, etc. are usually used to build models layer by layer and piece by piece according to architectural design drawings and actual needs. For example, for a multi-story building, it is necessary to start from the foundation, add floor slabs and walls layer by layer, and be detailed to the position and size of each door and window. At the same time, structures such as beams and columns that electrical conduits may pass through also need to be accurately modeled for subsequent conflict detection and path planning.

[0024] Furthermore, in the process of building a three-dimensional model, special attention should be paid to the integrity and accuracy of the model. Integrity means that the model should contain all elements that may affect the pre-embedding of electrical conduits, regardless of their size or importance, to ensure the comprehensiveness of subsequent analysis. Accuracy requires that every part of the model is consistent with the actual design, whether it is size, position or shape, any slight deviation may lead to errors in the subsequent pre-embedded path planning. For example, if the position of a wall in the model is offset by a few centimeters, it may cause the planned pre-embedded path to be inconsistent with the actual situation, thereby causing conflicts or rework during construction. Therefore, in step S1, the construction of the model must be completed by experienced professionals and must undergo rigorous review and verification to ensure that it can truly and accurately reflect the actual situation of the construction project and provide a solid foundation for subsequent steps.

[0025] In S2, based on the built 3D model, the conflict area is identified and the starting and ending points of the electrical conduit are determined, and then a preliminary pre-buried path is planned. In this step, first, a comprehensive conflict detection is performed on the 3D model to identify all building elements that may conflict with the electrical conduit path, such as other pipes, structural beams, load-bearing columns, etc., and these areas are marked as conflict areas. For example, in a high-rise building, it is found that the planned path of the electrical conduit intersects with the air-conditioning pipe on a certain floor, and this area is identified as a conflict area.

[0026] Next, according to the requirements of the electrical design, determine the starting and ending points of the electrical conduit, which usually corresponds to the installation location of electrical equipment (such as distribution boxes, switches, sockets, etc.). After determining the starting and ending points, it is necessary to use the path calculation model and combine the information of the conflict area to plan a first pre-buried path from the starting point to the end point, striving to find an economical and practical path while avoiding conflicts. For example, a path along the inside of the wall, avoiding all conflict areas, with the most straight lines, few turns and few curves may be planned as the first pre-buried path.

[0027] In S3, the requirements of electrical conduit specifications for safety distances and the actual conditions of conflicting areas are fully considered. First, the required safety distance is automatically calculated based on the preset electrical conduit specifications. This safety distance refers to the minimum distance that must be maintained between the electrical conduit and other building elements to ensure safe electrical operation and convenience for subsequent maintenance. For example, for an electrical conduit with a diameter of 10 mm, according to the regulations in this field, a safety distance of at least 100 mm needs to be maintained.

[0028] Next, the minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first pre-buried path, that is, the shortest distance between the first pre-buried path and the edge of the conflict area, is analyzed in detail. If the minimum conflict distance is less than the safe distance, it means that the first pre-buried path has a safety hazard and needs to be optimized. An optimization strategy is generated based on the specific shape, location, and size of the conflict area, as well as the safety distance requirements for the electrical conduit. For example, the pre-buried path may be partially offset to avoid the conflict area; or the obstacle may be bypassed by changing direction through a curve above or below the conflict area. Based on these optimization strategies, the first pre-buried path is adjusted to generate a second pre-buried path. The second pre-buried path not only avoids direct conflict with the conflict area, but also ensures a safe distance between the electrical conduit and other building elements, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and safety of the pre-buried operation.

[0029] In S4, multiple positioning coordinates for on-site construction are generated based on the optimized second embedded path. In this step, the three-dimensional coordinates of each key point on the path are automatically calculated based on the direction and turning points of the second embedded path. These key points usually include the starting point and end point of the path and the intersection with other building elements (such as walls, floors, etc.). Based on the location information of these key points and the overall coordinate system of the construction project, the X, Y, and Z coordinate values ​​of each point are accurately generated to ensure accurate positioning of subsequent construction.

[0030] For example, suppose the second pre-buried path needs to start from the distribution box on the first floor and rise along the inside of the wall to a switch position on the third floor. In this process, the path may pass through several curved positions and pass through the floor slab on the second floor. In step S4, these key points will first be identified, and then the precise three-dimensional coordinates of these points will be calculated based on the overall coordinate system of the building project. These coordinate values ​​will be output in the form of a list or chart for reference and use by construction personnel, thereby ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of pre-buried electrical conduits.

[0031] In S5, the generated positioning coordinates are converted into embedded points in actual construction, and the embedded work of the electrical conduit is completed. In this step, the construction personnel will use professional measurement tools (such as laser rangefinders, total stations, etc.) to accurately measure and mark on site according to the positioning coordinate list or chart generated in step S4. They will mark the corresponding positions of the building according to the X, Y, and Z values ​​of each coordinate point to form embedded points. These embedded points are the locations where the electrical conduits actually need to pass through or be fixed. Their position accuracy is directly related to the smooth progress of the subsequent conduit installation and the overall performance of the electrical system.

[0032] In summary, in the entire electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning method based on the BIM model, a virtual environment is constructed so that all architectural elements that may be involved in the conduit path are intuitively displayed in three-dimensional form, which completely solves the limitations of two-dimensional drawings in expressing complex spatial relationships. On this basis, comprehensive conflict detection technology is applied, which can automatically identify and mark all potential conflict areas, such as intersections with other pipelines, structural beams, load-bearing columns, etc., laying a solid foundation for subsequent path planning; further, the path calculation model combines the conflict area information and the safety distance requirements of the electrical conduit specifications to automatically plan the optimal pre-embedded path from the starting point to the end point. In this process, not only the economy and practicality of the path are considered, but more importantly, through detailed conflict distance analysis and safety distance comparison, the preliminary path is optimized and adjusted as necessary to ensure The pre-embedded path avoids all conflicts and maintains a safe distance from other building elements, greatly improving the safety and accuracy of the pre-embedded operation; further, the method also accurately generates a series of positioning coordinates for on-site construction based on the optimized pre-embedded path. These coordinate points cover every key point of the path, including the starting point, the end point, and the intersection with the building structure, and are based on the overall coordinate system of the construction project, ensuring the precise positioning of subsequent construction. Construction personnel only need to use professional measuring tools to mark on-site based on these coordinate points to quickly and accurately form pre-embedded points, which provides great convenience for the pre-embedded work of electrical conduits; finally, the implementation of the entire method not only significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of pre-embedded electrical conduits, reduces the rework costs caused by inaccurate positions or conflicts, but also ensures the overall quality and safety of electrical system installation. It has comprehensively improved the level of refined management of electrical installation projects and provided strong technical support for high-quality development in the field of modern construction.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, obtaining the first pre-buried path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point and the end point in S2 includes: S21, obtaining the x-axis coordinate difference, y-axis coordinate difference and z-axis coordinate difference between the starting point and the end point according to the starting point and the end point; S22, obtaining the path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference and the z-axis coordinate difference; S23, obtaining edge coordinate positions of the conflict area, obtaining obstacle avoidance conditions according to the edge coordinate positions, optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance conditions, and generating a first pre-buried path.

[0034] In this embodiment, it should be noted that, in S21, first, according to the starting point and the end point of the electrical conduit, the coordinate differences on the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis are calculated respectively. These coordinate differences represent the relative position relationship between the starting point and the end point in three-dimensional space, and are the basis for subsequent path calculation. By accurately calculating these differences, it can be ensured that the actual direction and distance of the electrical conduit can be accurately reflected during path planning, providing accurate data support for subsequent steps.

[0035] Next, in S22, the path calculation model is used to calculate the length of the pre-buried path of the electrical conduit in combination with the coordinate differences of the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis calculated in the previous step. The path calculation model will comprehensively consider the spatial distance, the feasibility of the path, and the actual needs of the construction, and use an algorithm to solve the optimal or better path length. The calculation results of this step not only provide a basis for subsequent path optimization, but also ensure the rationality of the pre-buried path in terms of economy and practicality.

[0036] Finally, in S23, by obtaining the edge coordinate positions of the conflicting areas, it is possible to identify which areas are obstacles or conflicting points that need to be avoided. Based on these edge coordinate positions, corresponding obstacle avoidance conditions can be generated, which will serve as constraints for path optimization. During the path optimization process, the previously calculated path length will be adjusted according to the obstacle avoidance conditions to ensure that the new pre-buried path can avoid all conflicting areas.

[0037] In one embodiment, in S21, the x-axis coordinate difference, y-axis coordinate difference, and z-axis coordinate difference between the starting point and the end point are obtained according to the starting point and the end point, and are expressed as: , , ;in, End point , Starting point , is the x-axis coordinate difference, is the y-axis coordinate difference, is the z-axis coordinate difference.

[0038] In this embodiment, it should be noted that: End point The three-dimensional coordinates are the end point of the pre-buried path of the electrical conduit. In electrical installation projects, this usually corresponds to the installation location of electrical equipment (such as distribution boxes, switches, sockets, etc.).

[0039] Starting point The three-dimensional coordinates are the starting point of the pre-buried path of the electrical conduit. This is also determined according to the requirements of the electrical design, and may be the starting point of a distribution box or a trunk line.

[0040] Indicates the distance difference between the end point and the starting point in the x-axis direction, that is, the change in their relative positions in the horizontal direction; It represents the distance difference in the y-axis direction, reflecting their relative position change in another horizontal direction; It represents the distance difference in the z-axis direction, that is, their relative height change in the vertical direction.

[0041] In one embodiment, the path calculation model in obtaining the path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference, and the z-axis coordinate difference in S22 is expressed as: , ; ; ; , ;in, is the path length, is a parameterized curve, is the representation of points on the parameterized curve, As parameters, and is the proportionality coefficient, is the tangent vector of a point on the parameterized curve.

[0042] In this embodiment, it should be noted that S22 calculates the length of the pre-buried path of the electrical conduit by introducing a path calculation model. This model is based on a parameterized curve To describe, where t is a parameter, its value range is from 0 to 1, representing the entire path process from the starting point to the end point.

[0043] It means that when the parameter t=0, the point on the curve corresponds to the starting point of the path, that is, the starting point of the electrical conduit.

[0044] It means that when the parameter t=1, the point on the curve corresponds to the end point of the path, that is, the end point of the electrical conduit.

[0045] The path length L is calculated in two parts: the first part is the straight line path length calculation part , which represents the Euclidean distance between the start and end points multiplied by the scaling factor Here , and The coordinate differences between the starting point and the end point on the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis are respectively. The second part is the path length calculation part of the curve , represents the arc length of the parameterized curve r(t) multiplied by the proportionality factor b. is the tangent vector of the point on the parameterized curve r(t), is the magnitude (length) of the tangent vector, and the integral The total arc length of the entire parameterized curve is calculated; among them, the proportional coefficients a and b satisfy a+b=1, and they are used to balance the contribution of the straight path and the curved path in the total path length.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and generating the first pre-buried path in S23 includes: S231, optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtaining a parameterized curve under the minimum path length; S232: Generate a first pre-embedded path according to the parameterized curve.

[0047] In this embodiment, it should be noted that in S231, the path length will be optimized based on the previously obtained obstacle avoidance conditions. This step involves using optimization algorithms (such as gradient descent, simulated annealing, genetic algorithms, etc.) to adjust the parameters in the parameterized curve to meet the obstacle avoidance requirements while seeking to minimize the path length. During the optimization process, the algorithm will continue to iterate, and each iteration will calculate the path length based on the current parameter value, and adjust the parameters based on the obstacle avoidance conditions and the length minimization goal. When the preset optimization stop conditions (such as the number of iterations, the path length change threshold, etc.) are reached, the parameterized curve with the minimum path length under the obstacle avoidance condition can be obtained.

[0048] Next, in step S232, the first pre-embedded path is generated using the parameterized curve obtained by the previous step of optimization. Specifically, the coordinates of each discrete point on the curve are calculated based on the expression and parameter values ​​of the parameterized curve, and these points are connected in sequence to form a continuous and smooth pre-embedded path.

[0049] In one embodiment, optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtaining a parameterized curve under the minimum path length in S231 includes: ;in, is the area surrounded by the edge coordinate position.

[0050] In this embodiment, it should be noted that: The goal of the representation is to find the parameterized curve r(t) that minimizes the path length L. The path length L is usually determined according to the path calculation model mentioned above, and may include a weighted sum of a straight-line distance portion and a curve path portion. is a constraint condition, indicating that the parameterized curve r(t) cannot enter the area surrounded by the edge coordinate position on the entire path (that is, for all t∈[0,1]) , It may include building structures, other pipelines, impassable obstacles, etc., so the pre-buried path of the electrical conduit must avoid these areas. and These two conditions ensure that the starting point and end point of the path are the preset starting points. and end point .

[0051] In summary, this expression describes a path optimization problem with obstacle avoidance constraints. The goal is to find a pre-buried electrical conduit path with the shortest length while satisfying the start point, end point, and obstacle avoidance conditions. To solve this problem, numerical optimization methods (such as gradient descent, interior point method, particle swarm optimization, etc.) may be needed to search for the best path that meets all conditions.

[0052] For example, using particle swarm optimization, first, set the number of particle swarms (that is, the number of candidate solutions for the search path). Randomly initialize a position for each particle, which represents a possible path and can be represented by a series of points that describe the path from the starting point to the end point. Initialize the speed of each particle, which determines the direction and distance of the particle's movement in the search space.

[0053] Then, define the fitness function as the expression of the path calculation model above. The fitness function is used to evaluate the quality of each particle. In this problem, the shorter the path, the better the obstacle avoidance effect, and the smoother the path, the higher the fitness of the particle.

[0054] Furthermore, the particles are updated iteratively. In each iteration, each particle updates its position and velocity based on its own experience and the collaboration of the group. Each particle records the optimal solution it has found (pbest) and the optimal solution found by the entire group (gbest). The new position and velocity of the particle are calculated based on pbest, gbest, and the current position and velocity.

[0055] Finally, set a termination condition, such as reaching the maximum number of iterations, the change in the fitness function value is less than a certain threshold, etc. When the termination condition is met, stop the iteration and output the current optimal solution.

[0056] like Figure 4As shown, in one embodiment, obtaining an optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance and adjusting the first pre-buried path to the second pre-buried path according to the optimization strategy in S3 includes: S31, determining whether the minimum conflict distance is less than the safety distance; S32: If it is less than, obtain the safety difference between the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, optimize the obstacle avoidance condition according to the safety difference and form a new obstacle avoidance condition, optimize the path length according to the new obstacle avoidance condition and generate a second pre-buried path.

[0057] In this embodiment, it should be noted that in step S31, the minimum conflict distance between the current first embedded path and the obstacle will be calculated first. This distance refers to the shortest distance from any point on the path to the surface of the nearest obstacle. Then, this minimum conflict distance will be compared with a preset safety distance. The safety distance is set according to the actual situation. It represents the minimum safety distance that should be maintained between the electrical conduit and the obstacle to ensure the safety of construction and use. If the minimum conflict distance is less than the safety distance, it means that the current path is too close to the obstacle and needs to be adjusted.

[0058] In step S32, when it is found that the minimum conflict distance is less than the safety distance, the safety difference is calculated, that is, the difference between the safety distance and the minimum conflict distance. This difference reflects the degree to which the current path needs to be adjusted. Next, the obstacle avoidance conditions will be optimized based on this safety difference, which may include adjusting the boundaries of obstacles, increasing the range of obstacle avoidance areas, or changing the priority of obstacle avoidance. Then, based on these new obstacle avoidance conditions, the path optimization will be re-performed to generate a new pre-buried path, namely the second pre-buried path. This new path will minimize the path length while meeting the obstacle avoidance requirements, thereby improving the efficiency and feasibility of pre-buried electrical conduits.

[0059] A BIM model-based electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning system is also provided, the system comprising: Building modules, used to build three-dimensional models; A path calculation module, used to obtain the conflict area based on the three-dimensional model, obtain the starting point and the end point of the electrical conduit based on the three-dimensional model, and obtain the first pre-buried path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point and the end point; A path optimization module, used to obtain a safety distance according to preset electrical conduit specifications, and obtain a minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first pre-buried path, and obtain an optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, and adjust the first pre-buried path to the second pre-buried path according to the optimization strategy; The positioning coordinate generating module is used to generate a plurality of positioning coordinates according to the second pre-embedded path.

[0060] In one embodiment, the path calculation module is also used to: obtain the x-axis coordinate difference, y-axis coordinate difference and z-axis coordinate difference between the starting point and the end point according to the starting point and the end point; obtain the path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference and the z-axis coordinate difference; obtain the edge coordinate position of the conflict area, obtain the obstacle avoidance condition according to the edge coordinate position, optimize the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and generate a first embedded path.

[0061] In one embodiment, the path calculation module is further used to: optimize the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtain a parameterized curve under the minimum path length; and generate a first pre-buried path according to the parameterized curve.

[0062] In this embodiment, it should be noted that, regarding the above-mentioned BIM model-based electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning system, the specific method of performing the operation has been described in detail in the implementation of the BIM model-based electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0063] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0064] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0065] In addition, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning method for pre-embedded electrical conduits based on a BIM model, characterized in that: include: Build three-dimensional models; Acquire the conflict area based on the three-dimensional model, acquire the starting point and the end point of the electrical conduit based on the three-dimensional model, and acquire the first pre-buried path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point and the end point; Obtaining a safety distance according to preset electrical conduit specifications, and obtaining a minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first pre-buried path, and obtaining an optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, and adjusting the first pre-buried path to the second pre-buried path according to the optimization strategy; generating a plurality of positioning coordinates according to the second pre-embedded path; Mark on site according to the positioning coordinates to form embedded points, and complete the embedded electrical conduits according to the embedded points.

2. The electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning method based on the BIM model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The acquiring of the first pre-buried path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point and the end point comprises: According to the starting point and the end point, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference and the z-axis coordinate difference between the two are obtained; Obtaining the path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference, and the z-axis coordinate difference; The edge coordinate position of the conflict area is obtained, the obstacle avoidance condition is obtained according to the edge coordinate position, the path length is optimized according to the obstacle avoidance condition, and a first pre-buried path is generated.

3. The electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning method based on the BIM model according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The x-axis coordinate difference, y-axis coordinate difference and z-axis coordinate difference between the starting point and the end point are obtained according to the starting point and the end point as follows: , , ;in, End point , Starting point , is the x-axis coordinate difference, is the y-axis coordinate difference, is the z-axis coordinate difference.

4. The electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning method based on the BIM model according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The path calculation model in obtaining the path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference and the z-axis coordinate difference is expressed as: ， ； ； ； , ;in, is the path length, is a parameterized curve, is the representation of points on the parameterized curve, As parameters, and is the proportionality coefficient, is the tangent vector of a point on the parameterized curve.

5. The electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning method based on the BIM model according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and generating the first pre-buried path comprises: Optimize the path length according to the obstacle avoidance conditions and obtain the parameterized curve under the minimum path length; A first pre-embedded path is generated according to the parameterized curve.

6. The electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning method based on the BIM model according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Optimizing the path length according to the obstacle avoidance condition and obtaining the parameterized curve under the minimum path length includes: ;in, is the area surrounded by the edge coordinate position.

7. The electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning method based on the BIM model according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The obtaining of an optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance and adjusting the first pre-buried path to the second pre-buried path according to the optimization strategy comprises: Determine whether the minimum conflict distance is less than the safety distance; If it is less than, the safety difference between the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance is obtained, the obstacle avoidance condition is optimized according to the safety difference and a new obstacle avoidance condition is formed, and the path length is optimized according to the new obstacle avoidance condition and a second embedded path is generated.

8. A BIM-based electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning system, characterized in that: The system comprises: Building modules, used to build three-dimensional models; A path calculation module, used to obtain the conflict area based on the three-dimensional model, obtain the starting point and the end point of the electrical conduit based on the three-dimensional model, and obtain the first pre-buried path based on the path calculation model, the conflict area, the starting point and the end point; A path optimization module, used to obtain a safety distance according to preset electrical conduit specifications, and obtain a minimum conflict distance between the conflict area and the first pre-buried path, and obtain an optimization strategy according to the minimum conflict distance and the safety distance, and adjust the first pre-buried path to the second pre-buried path according to the optimization strategy; The positioning coordinate generating module is used to generate a plurality of positioning coordinates according to the second pre-embedded path.

9. The electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning system based on the BIM model according to claim 8, characterized in that: The path calculation module is also used for: According to the starting point and the end point, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference and the z-axis coordinate difference between the two are obtained; Obtaining the path length based on the path calculation model, the x-axis coordinate difference, the y-axis coordinate difference, and the z-axis coordinate difference; The edge coordinate position of the conflict area is obtained, the obstacle avoidance condition is obtained according to the edge coordinate position, the path length is optimized according to the obstacle avoidance condition, and a first pre-buried path is generated.

10. The electrical conduit pre-embedded positioning system based on the BIM model according to claim 9, characterized in that: The path calculation module is also used for: Optimize the path length according to the obstacle avoidance conditions and obtain the parameterized curve under the minimum path length; A first pre-embedded path is generated according to the parameterized curve.

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