A one-code universal trusted service system and method based on a blockchain

Abstract

The application relates to a one-code general trusted service system and method based on a blockchain, which comprises a business information encapsulation module, a business information data chaining module, a two-dimensional code mutual recognition module and a responsibility tracing module based on a blockchain. A user presents a two-dimensional code of a related application, the one-code general trusted service system based on the blockchain analyzes and acquires information therein, records business information on the blockchain, other application programs can access, verify and trace the responsibility of the business information through chain code, and cross-application two-dimensional code intercommunication and mutual recognition are realized. Since cross-application two-dimensional code business data leaves unalterable storage evidence on the blockchain, data between different two-dimensional code application platforms has the advantages of credibility and mutual recognition in the one-code general trusted service system based on the blockchain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of universal city service code, specifically involving a universal and trusted service system and method based on blockchain. Background Technology

[0002] Cities are the comprehensive carriers for advancing the construction of Digital China. Promoting the digital transformation and intelligent development of cities is a key step in building new competitive advantages for the future and an inevitable requirement for promoting the modernization of urban governance systems and capabilities.

[0003] Currently, QR code-based urban service applications are developing rapidly, but they present an overall trend of "a multitude of codes running rampant." This means that each QR code application platform has its own independent code system, making it difficult for QR code services across platforms to communicate, for QR code reading to be mutually recognized, and for QR code service results to be mutually trusted. This results in independent services between various QR code application platforms, difficulty in sharing business data, and difficulty in guaranteeing user information privacy. This situation of numerous codes appearing simultaneously but being independent of each other and having difficulty in data flow greatly hinders the progress of smart city construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this invention provides a blockchain-based universal trusted service system and method for promoting the circulation and sharing of urban service QR code data.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] On one hand, this invention provides a blockchain-based universal trusted service system, comprising: a business information encapsulation module, a business information data on-chain module, a QR code mutual recognition module, and a blockchain-based responsibility traceability module; wherein:

[0007] The business information encapsulation module is used to persistently store the business information data of QR code applications and encapsulate the business information data into blocks for blockchain storage, so that the business information data on-chain module can query and read it.

[0008] The business information data on-chain module is used to upload the block data generated by the business information storage module to the blockchain, so as to record the business information data on the blockchain. The on-chain business information data provides the data foundation for the QR code mutual recognition module.

[0009] The QR code mutual recognition module is used to obtain QR code application business information data through blockchain, generate QR codes based on the QR code application business information data, and verify QR code information to achieve QR code mutual recognition.

[0010] The blockchain-based accountability module is used to verify data and trace accountability after the completion of QR code application business processes.

[0011] Furthermore, the business information encapsulation module is specifically used for:

[0012] Obtain basic business information from the QR code application platform. The basic QR code application business information includes QR code application number, QR code type, QR code business behavior number, QR code user information number, and business-related information.

[0013] Obtain block header information by querying the blockchain to obtain the block header information of the block. The block header information includes version number, timestamp, Merkle root, and hash value of the previous block.

[0014] The business information encapsulation process involves encapsulating the acquired block header information into a block header, encapsulating the acquired basic QR code application business information into a block body, and then encapsulating the block header and block body into a complete block. This completes the business information encapsulation operation. Finally, the encapsulated block is passed to the business information data on-chain module.

[0015] Furthermore, the business information data on-chain module is specifically used for:

[0016] Before a block is uploaded to the blockchain, it undergoes preprocessing, including calculating the hash value of the block structure, digitally signing the block structure using an asymmetric encryption algorithm, and then sending it to the blockchain node.

[0017] Business information data is processed on the blockchain. Once a blockchain node receives the processed block, it uploads it to the blockchain, completing the on-chain processing of the block containing business information data.

[0018] Furthermore, the QR code mutual recognition module is specifically used for:

[0019] A QR code is generated. The QR code application platform sends a code generation application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. The blockchain-based universal trusted service system verifies the identity of the QR code application platform. If the identity verification fails, the code generation request is rejected. If the identity verification is successful, a QR code is generated and returned to the QR code application platform. At the same time, the business information data on-chain module writes a block containing the application business information data into the blockchain. The blockchain is a consortium blockchain built between the blockchain-based universal trusted service system and each QR code application platform.

[0020] For QR code verification, if the QR code is generated by the same QR code application platform, the information from that platform is directly accessed for verification, without needing to go through the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. For QR code verification across different application platforms, the first platform presents its QR code to the second platform. The second platform scans the QR code, retrieves the information, and uploads it to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. This system then analyzes whether the QR code was generated by it and authenticates it. If it is, and authentication is successful, the system queries the relevant business data for this QR code transaction on the blockchain and requests the decryption of the data from the first platform from the blockchain's smart contract. After authentication, the smart contract sends the decrypted business information to the second platform, completing the QR code verification process.

[0021] Furthermore, the blockchain-based accountability module is specifically used for business accountability. After a QR code application is completed, when the QR code application platform questions the accuracy of the business information during the process, it sends an accountability application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system and submits the relevant QR code business information. After receiving the accountability application, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system confirms that the business was completed through cross-application mutual recognition via the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. Then, it uses a smart contract to query and decrypt all the business data and QR code application platform information involved in the business process on the blockchain, completes data verification, and identifies the QR code application platform where the data discrepancy occurred, thus realizing accountability for the QR code business.

[0022] On the other hand, the present invention provides a blockchain-based method for providing a universally trusted service with a single code, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: The blockchain-based universal trusted service system receives QR code business information and code generation application submitted by the QR code application platform. It encrypts the QR code business information through the business information encapsulation module, encapsulates the encrypted QR code business information into a block, and submits it to the business information data on-chain module. The QR code mutual recognition module generates a QR code and returns it to the QR code application platform.

[0024] Step 2: The business information data upload module preprocesses the blocks and uploads them to the blockchain;

[0025] Step 3: When a user presents a cross-application QR code, the QR code application platform reads the QR code business information and submits the QR code business information and verification application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. After receiving the verification application, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system queries the blockchain in conjunction with the QR code business information, decrypts the information, and returns it to the QR code application platform.

[0026] Step 4: When the QR code application platform questions an error in the information during the business process, it submits a responsibility tracing application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. Upon receiving the responsibility tracing application, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system compares the business information obtained from the blockchain with the evidence provided by multiple business participants to confirm the responsible party and achieve responsibility tracing.

[0027] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0028] This invention enables cross-application QR code application business data interoperability. Each business transaction on the cross-application QR code platform is encrypted and stored on the blockchain, allowing different QR code applications registered on the blockchain-based universal trusted service system to query each other's business information after authentication, thus achieving data sharing. Due to the tamper-proof nature of blockchain, cross-application QR code business data is immutably stored on the blockchain, giving data from different QR code application platforms a trustworthy advantage within the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. Furthermore, when suspected data errors occur in cross-application QR code transactions, responsibility can be traced by submitting a responsibility tracing application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. Any data errors in the business process can be clearly identified, further strengthening the trust and mutual recognition between cross-application QR code platforms. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a universal trusted service system based on blockchain according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a blockchain-based universal trusted service method. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific embodiments of the system of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] exist Figure 1In the overall system structure diagram of this invention, the system is mainly divided into four modules: a business information encapsulation module, a business information data on-chain module, a QR code mutual recognition module, and a blockchain-based responsibility traceability module. First, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system receives QR code business information and code generation applications submitted by QR code application platforms. The business information encapsulation module encrypts the business information, encapsulating it into blocks. These encapsulated blocks are then submitted to the business information data on-chain module, which preprocesses the blocks and uploads them to the blockchain to complete the on-chain processing of the QR code business information. When a user presents a QR code from a different application, the QR code information is read by the QR code application, which submits the information and verification application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. Upon receiving the verification application, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system queries the blockchain, decrypts the information, and returns it to the QR code application platform, achieving cross-application QR code mutual recognition. When a QR code application platform questions whether there is an error in the information during the business process, it submits a responsibility tracing application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. After receiving the responsibility tracing application, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system compares the business information obtained from the blockchain with the evidence provided by the business participants to confirm the responsible party and realize responsibility tracing.

[0033] Business Information Encapsulation Module: This module persistently stores QR code application business information data and encapsulates it into blockchain storage blocks for querying and retrieval by the business information data on-chain module. The blockchain performs batch data submissions in blocks, with each block submission involving multiple data submissions; the business information encapsulation module needs to maintain data atomicity. The stored data includes a block header composed of the parent block hash value, version number, timestamp, and Merkle root, and a block body composed of multiple business information transaction data and hash values. The business information encapsulation module first assembles the block header using the hash value, version number, timestamp, and Merkle root of the previous block. Then, it calculates the hash value for each business information transaction data using a Merkle tree. The structure performs hash calculations upwards to obtain the hash value of the previous layer. The calculated Merkle root value is stored in the block header. Then, multiple business information transaction data and their corresponding hash values ​​are placed into the block body. The block header and block body are assembled to obtain a blockchain block storing business information. Afterward, each block is connected in the order of its generation time to form a chain-like storage structure. The first block created is called the genesis block, and its block height is 0. For each subsequent block, the block height increases by 1, and the hash value of the previous block is recorded in the block header. This completes the generation and encapsulation of the block. The business information encapsulation module is responsible for calculating and assembling the block header and block body information and encapsulating it into a block. The encapsulated data can be queried and read by the business information data on-chain module, providing a data foundation for the business data on-chain step.

[0034] The business information data on-chain module is used to upload the block data generated by the business information storage module to the blockchain to record the business information data on the blockchain. The structurally complete block is the block data generated by the business information storage module, including a block header composed of the hash value, version number, timestamp, Merkle root, etc. of the previous block, and a block body composed of business information transaction data. The business information data on-chain module first obtains the structurally complete block data from the business information encapsulation module, calculates the hash value of the block, and digitally signs it using an asymmetric encryption algorithm. Then, it sends the block data to the blockchain node for on-chain processing and finally records the hash value of the stored business data. The transaction data on-chain module is responsible for digitally signing the block and uploading it to the blockchain, realizing the on-chain process of business information data. The on-chain business information data provides the data foundation for the QR code mutual recognition module and provides data support for the implementation of QR code mutual recognition function between different applications. The hash value recorded by the business information data on-chain module provides the basis for the data verification step. The on-chain business information data provides the data foundation for the QR code mutual recognition module.

[0035] The QR code mutual recognition module is used to obtain QR code application business information data through blockchain, generate QR codes based on the QR code application business information, and verify QR code information for mutual recognition. Specifically, it can be divided into a QR code generation process and a QR code verification process. The QR code generation process is as follows: the QR code application submits information and a request to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system for generating a QR code. The blockchain-based universal trusted service system performs identity verification. After successful identity verification, a QR code is generated and returned to the QR code application. Simultaneously, the application business information data is encapsulated into a block through the business information encapsulation module. The block is written to the blockchain through the business information data on-chain module. This blockchain is a consortium blockchain built between the blockchain-based universal trusted service system and various QR code application platforms. On this consortium blockchain, the universal trusted service system acts as a consensus node, and the other QR code application platforms act as synchronization nodes. The universal trusted service system synchronizes business information to the blockchain, and the business information data on-chain module is responsible for storing the business information on the blockchain. For verification... After the QR code information is uploaded to the blockchain, the business data is recorded and saved on the blockchain. The QR code verification process is as follows: For QR codes generated by the same QR code application platform, the information of the same QR code application platform is directly called to perform the QR code verification process. For QR code verification processes of different application QR code application platforms, the first QR code application platform first presents the QR code to the second QR code application platform. The second QR code application platform scans the QR code content and uploads the information to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. The system determines whether the QR code is an application QR code within the universal trusted service system and performs authentication. After it is determined to be a QR code and the authentication is passed, the system queries the business data related to the QR code on the blockchain node and applies to the blockchain smart contract to decrypt the data of the first QR code application platform. After the authentication is passed, the blockchain smart contract decrypts the business data and sends the relevant information to the second QR code application platform, completing the QR code verification process and realizing the universal trusted service function of QR code services based on blockchain.

[0036] The blockchain-based accountability module is responsible for data verification and accountability after the completion of QR code application business processes. The data verification and accountability process is as follows: After the QR code application business is completed, if the QR code application platform questions whether there were errors in business information or calculations in the business algorithm, the QR code application platform should send an accountability application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system, submitting relevant QR code business information. Upon receiving the accountability application, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system queries the blockchain based on the submitted QR code business information. If the business was not cross-application mutual recognition through the blockchain-based universal trusted service system, the accountability application is rejected. If the business is confirmed to have been cross-application mutual recognition through the blockchain-based universal trusted service system, a smart contract is used to query the blockchain to obtain information on all QR code application platforms involved in data modification during the business process. Data verification and accountability are then performed by querying business records.

[0037] The specific implementation process of each of the above modules is as follows:

[0038] 1. The specific implementation steps of the business information encapsulation module are as follows:

[0039] (1) Obtain basic business information. Obtain basic QR code business information from the QR code application platform. The basic QR code business information includes QR code application number AppID, QR code type TypeID, QR code business behavior number OperateID, QR code user information number PeopleID, and business-related information OperateMsg. The lookup table of QR code application number AppID, QR code type TypeID, QR code business behavior number OperateID, QR code user information number PeopleID, and business-related information OperateMsg is uniformly agreed upon in the smart contract of the blockchain. For multiple business information, the hash value is calculated layer by layer upward through the structure of the Merkle number. Finally, the Merkle root value calculated by the Merkle tree is recorded as the Merkle root of the block in the block header.

[0040] (2) Obtain block header information. Query the blockchain to obtain the block header information of the block. The block header information includes version number VerID, timestamp Time, Merkle root Merkle root and hash value PreHash of the previous block. The hash value of the previous block is obtained by calculating the hash value of the block header of the previous block.

[0041] (3) Business information encapsulation: The acquired block header information is encapsulated into a block header, the acquired basic business information is encapsulated into a block body, and the block header and block body are encapsulated into a complete block to complete the business information encapsulation operation. The block header includes the version number VerID, timestamp Time, Merkle root Merkle root, hash value PreHash of the previous block, and random number Random. The random number Random is generated by the timestamp Time as a seed. The introduction of random number realizes the advantage that the block header is difficult to be counterfeited and tampered with. The block body contains Merkle root information. The Merkle root corresponds to a Merkle tree. Each node in the tree records multiple business information entries. Each node calculates the hash value layer by layer upwards based on the Merkle tree structure, eventually obtaining the Merkle root. When any transaction data in the block changes, the hash value stored in the Merkle root will also change, and the hash value of the integrated block will also change accordingly. This will cause changes to the information of other subsequent blocks in the chain associated with this block, thus achieving the advantage of tamper-proof business information. After the business information is encapsulated, the block is passed to the business information data on-chain module.

[0042] 2. The specific implementation steps of the business information data on-chain module are as follows:

[0043] (1) Preprocessing before the block is put on the chain: convert the business data into a blockchain-readable format. First, calculate the hash value BlockHash for the block structure, use an asymmetric encryption algorithm to digitally sign the block structure DigSign, bind the identity information of the sending application with the data to ensure information anti-tampering, identity authentication and anti-repudiation, then further serialize the block structure to facilitate information transmission, and send the block to the blockchain node;

[0044] (2) Business information data on-chain processing: When a blockchain node receives a block after processing, it forms a block transaction and performs on-chain processing. The blockchain node first broadcasts it to other nodes to form a unified transaction pool to prepare for reaching a consensus. The blockchain-based universal trusted service system uses the consensus algorithm in the smart contract to maintain the consistency of the block data. If the smart contract processing operation fails, the smart contract data will revert to the historical data before the call. The failure of the smart contract processing operation will not cause the block to fail to be uploaded to the blockchain. When the smart contract processing operation fails, a record has already been left in the block. The block ensures tamper-proofness through hash calculation. After the blockchain-based universal trusted service system completes the consensus, the block is uploaded to the blockchain to complete the on-chain processing of the block data generated by the business information storage module.

[0045] 3. The specific implementation steps of the QR code mutual recognition module are as follows:

[0046] (1) QR code generation process: First, the QR code application platform sends a code generation application ReqGenCode to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. The blockchain-based universal trusted service system verifies the identity of the QR code application platform. If the identity verification fails, the code generation request ReqGenCode is rejected. If the identity verification is successful, a QR code QRcode is generated. The business information data on-chain module generates a block including the business data version number VerID, timestamp Time, Merkle root Merkle root, the hash value of the previous block PreHash, random number Random, QR code application number AppID, QR code type TypeID, QR code business behavior number OperateID, QR code user information number PeopleID, and business-related information OperateMsg. The block containing the business data is then put on the blockchain through the business information data on-chain module. The generated QR code QRcode is returned to the QR code application platform.

[0047] (2) QR code verification process: For QR codes generated by the same application QR code application platform, the information of the same application QR code application platform is directly called for QR code verification. The QR code verification process of the same QR code application platform does not need to go through the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. For QR code verification processes of different QR code applications, the first QR code application platform first presents the QR code to the second QR code application platform. The second QR code application platform scans the QR code content, obtains the information recorded in the QR code, and uploads the information to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system and sends a verification request ReqVerCode. The blockchain-based universal trusted service system parses whether the QR code is generated by an application within the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. If it is determined that the QR code is not generated by the blockchain-based universal trusted service system, the verification request ReqVerCode is rejected. If the QR code is determined to be generated by a universally trusted blockchain service system, an authentication process is performed. After successful authentication, the universally trusted blockchain service system queries the relevant data information of this QR code transaction on the blockchain and requests the decryption of the QR code transaction data from the smart contract SmartContract. The data of this QR code transaction includes the transaction data version number VerID, timestamp Time, Merkle root, hash value PreHash of the previous block, random number Random, QR code application number AppID, QR code type TypeID, QR code transaction behavior number OperateID, QR code user information number PeopleID, and transaction-related information OperateMsg. After successful authentication, the smart contract SmartContract sends the decrypted transaction-related information to the second QR code application platform to complete the QR code verification process.

[0048] 4. The specific implementation steps of the blockchain-based responsibility traceability module are as follows:

[0049] (1) Business responsibility tracing process: After the QR code application business is completed, if the QR code application platform questions the accuracy of the business information during the business process, the QR code application platform sends a responsibility tracing application (ReqRes) to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system and submits the relevant QR code business information: QR code application number (AppID), QR code type (TypeID), QR code business behavior number (OperateID), QR code user information number (PeopleID), and business-related information (OperateMsg). After receiving the responsibility tracing application (ReqRes), the blockchain-based universal trusted service system queries the blockchain through the smart contract (SmartContract) based on the QR code business information. If the business is not... If cross-application mutual recognition is achieved through a blockchain-based universal trusted service system, the responsibility tracing application (ReqRes) will be rejected. If the business transaction is confirmed to have achieved cross-application mutual recognition through the same system, the smart contract (SmartContract) will query and decrypt all business data and QR code application platform information involved in the transaction. The relevant QR code application platforms will be notified to provide evidence. The blockchain-based universal trusted service system will compare the evidence provided by the multiple parties with the business information recorded on the blockchain decrypted by the SmartContract to ultimately complete data verification. The QR code application platform with the discrepancy will be identified as the responsible party, thus achieving responsibility tracing for the QR code business.

[0050] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a blockchain-based method for providing a universally trusted service with a single code, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the steps are as follows:

[0051] (1) When a user uses a QR code application and generates a QR code, the QR code application submits its business information and a QR code generation application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. After receiving the QR code generation application, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system determines whether the QR code application platform is a QR code application within the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. The determination result is divided into two types: either the application is not within the blockchain-based universal trusted service system, or it is within the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. If the application is not within the blockchain-based universal trusted service system... If the QR code application is rejected by the blockchain-based universal trusted service system, then the application is approved. The system uses a business information encapsulation module to encapsulate the QR code business information, obtaining a block containing the encapsulated information. The system then calls the QR code mutual recognition module to verify the identity of the QR code application platform that issued the application. After successful verification, the system generates a QR code and returns it to the application. The application then displays the QR code to the user.

[0052] (2) After obtaining the block containing QR code information, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system calculates the hash value of the block containing QR code business information through the business information data on-chain module, performs digital signature on it using an asymmetric encryption algorithm, and finally processes the block containing QR code business information on-chain and records the hash value of the evidence storage business data.

[0053] (3) The user displays the QR code of the QR code application, and the QR code information is obtained by reading the QR code. If the QR code displayed by the user is generated by the same application, the QR code information is processed directly through the QR code application platform to complete the relevant business. If the QR code displayed by the user is generated by different applications, the QR code application sends a verification application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. After receiving the verification application, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system queries the blockchain through a smart contract. After the authentication is passed, the relevant business information is decrypted and sent to the QR code application to complete the QR code verification process.

[0054] (4) If the QR code application platform questions the accuracy of the data during the business process, the QR code application platform shall submit a responsibility tracing application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system and submit relevant business information. After receiving the responsibility tracing application, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system shall query on the blockchain. If the business information cannot be found, the responsibility tracing application shall be rejected. If the business information is found on the blockchain, the responsibility tracing application shall be accepted. The system shall query and decrypt all business data and QR code application platform information involved in the business process through smart contracts, and notify the relevant QR code application platforms to provide evidence. The blockchain-based universal trusted service system shall compare the evidence provided by the parties and the recorded information, and determine the QR code application that provides the data difference as the responsible party.

[0055] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blockchain-based universal trusted service system with a single code, characterized in that, include: The module includes a business information encapsulation module, a business information data on-chain module, a QR code mutual recognition module, and a blockchain-based responsibility traceability module; among which: The business information encapsulation module is used to persistently store the business information data of QR code applications and encapsulate the business information data into blocks for blockchain storage, so that the business information data on-chain module can query and read it. The business information data on-chain module is used to upload the block data generated by the business information encapsulation module to the blockchain, so as to record the business information data on the blockchain. The on-chain business information data provides the data foundation for the QR code mutual recognition module. The QR code mutual recognition module is used to obtain QR code application business information data through blockchain, generate QR codes based on the QR code application business information data, and verify QR code information for QR code mutual recognition; including: A QR code is generated. The QR code application platform sends a code generation application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. The blockchain-based universal trusted service system verifies the identity of the QR code application platform. If the identity verification fails, the code generation request is rejected. If the identity verification is successful, a QR code is generated and returned to the QR code application platform. At the same time, the business information data on-chain module writes a block containing the application business information data into the blockchain. The blockchain is a consortium blockchain built between the blockchain-based universal trusted service system and each QR code application platform. For QR code verification, if the QR code is generated by the same QR code application platform, the information from the same platform is directly called for verification, without needing to go through the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. For QR code verification across different application platforms, the first platform presents the QR code to the second platform. The second platform scans the QR code, obtains the information recorded in the QR code, and uploads it to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. The system then analyzes whether the QR code was generated by this system and authenticates it. If it is, and authentication is successful, the system queries the relevant business data information for this QR code transaction on the blockchain and requests the decryption of the data from the first platform from the blockchain's smart contract. After authentication, the smart contract sends the decrypted business-related information to the second platform, completing the QR code verification process. The blockchain-based accountability module is used to verify data and trace accountability after the completion of QR code application business processes.

2. The blockchain-based universal trusted service system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The business information encapsulation module is specifically used for: Obtain basic business information from the QR code application platform. The basic QR code application business information includes QR code application number, QR code type, QR code business behavior number, QR code user information number, and business-related information. Obtain block header information by querying the blockchain to obtain the block header information of the block. The block header information includes version number, timestamp, Merkle root, and hash value of the previous block. The business information encapsulation process involves encapsulating the acquired block header information into a block header, encapsulating the acquired basic QR code application business information into a block body, and then encapsulating the block header and block body into a complete block. This completes the business information encapsulation operation. Finally, the encapsulated block is passed to the business information data on-chain module.

3. The blockchain-based universal trusted service system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The business information data uploading module is specifically used for: Before a block is uploaded to the blockchain, it undergoes preprocessing, including calculating the hash value of the block structure, digitally signing the block structure using an asymmetric encryption algorithm, and then sending it to the blockchain node. Business information data is processed on the blockchain. Once a blockchain node receives the processed block, it uploads it to the blockchain, completing the on-chain processing of the block containing business information data.

4. The blockchain-based universal trusted service system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blockchain-based accountability module is specifically used for business accountability. After a QR code application is completed, if the QR code application platform questions the accuracy of the business information during the process, it sends an accountability application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system and submits the relevant QR code business information. Upon receiving the accountability application, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system confirms that the business was completed through cross-application mutual recognition via the system. Then, it uses a smart contract to query and decrypt all business data and QR code application platform information involved in the business process on the blockchain, completes data verification, and identifies the QR code application platform where the data discrepancy occurred, thus achieving accountability for the QR code business.

5. A blockchain-based universal trusted service method, applied to the system described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The blockchain-based universal trusted service system receives QR code business information and code generation application submitted by the QR code application platform. It encrypts the QR code business information through the business information encapsulation module, encapsulates the encrypted QR code business information into a block, and submits it to the business information data on-chain module. The QR code mutual recognition module generates a QR code and returns it to the QR code application platform. Step 2: The business information data upload module preprocesses the blocks and uploads them to the blockchain; Step 3: When a user presents a cross-application QR code, the QR code application platform reads the QR code business information and submits the QR code business information and verification application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. After receiving the verification application, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system queries the blockchain in conjunction with the QR code business information, decrypts the information, and returns it to the QR code application platform. Step 4: When the QR code application platform questions whether there is an error in the information during the business process, it submits a responsibility tracing application to the blockchain-based universal trusted service system. After receiving the responsibility tracing application, the blockchain-based universal trusted service system compares the business information obtained from the blockchain with the evidence provided by the business participants to confirm the responsible party and realize responsibility tracing.

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