Distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method, system, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method, system, device and medium, and the method comprises the steps: monitoring a vibration signal, and carrying out the time-space marking; when an abnormal vibration signal is monitored, image mapping is carried out; acquiring environmental influence information, and inputting the abnormal vibration image sequence and the environmental influence information into a feature extraction model; the vibration type is determined when the abnormal vibration characteristics are received; and determining early warning and control measures based on the early warning mechanism. According to the method, comprehensive and accurate monitoring and analysis of the vibration signals are realized through space-time marking, image mapping and a feature extraction model, so that the monitoring accuracy can be improved, the influence of environmental factors on the vibration signals can be effectively dealt with, and the false alarm rate and the missing report rate are remarkably reduced; meanwhile, through a preset early warning mechanism and control measures, response can be made quickly after abnormal vibration signals are monitored, necessary control measures are taken in time, and therefore the response speed and the processing efficiency are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and in particular to a method, system, device and medium for distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology, fiber optic sensor networks, as an important means of information transmission and monitoring, play a vital role in many fields such as security monitoring, intelligent transportation, etc. Traditional fiber optic sensing systems mainly rely on monitoring the intensity of optical signals transmitted in optical cables to determine whether there is physical interference or sabotage.

[0003] In the prior art, although the optical fiber sensor network can monitor the vibration of the optical cable, it usually simply records the occurrence of vibration events and lacks in-depth analysis of the characteristics of the vibration signal. That is, when the optical cable is subjected to abnormal vibration, it is difficult for the system to accurately determine the specific location, occurrence time and vibration type of the vibration, thereby affecting the rapid response and effective handling of potential threats. In addition, the prior art often ignores the impact of environmental factors on vibration signals. For example, changes in natural conditions such as wind speed and temperature, as well as human activities, may cause abnormal vibration of the optical cable, resulting in false alarms or missed alarms. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned defects, the present application provides a method, system, device and medium for distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control.

[0005] The above-mentioned invention objective of the present application is achieved through the following technical solutions: A distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method, comprising the steps of: Based on a preset sampling frequency, the vibration signal in the optical cable is monitored through a distributed optical fiber sensor network, and the monitored vibration signal is time-space marked so that the vibration signal is associated with the corresponding time and space position; When an abnormal vibration signal is detected, image mapping is performed on the detected abnormal vibration signal and its adjacent vibration signal segments of a preset length based on a preset image mapping strategy to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence; Obtain environmental impact information from an environmental collection terminal associated with an abnormal vibration signal, and input the abnormal vibration image sequence and environmental impact information into a pre-trained feature extraction model for feature extraction; When receiving the abnormal vibration feature output by the feature extraction model, determining the corresponding vibration type based on the abnormal vibration feature; The warning level corresponding to the vibration type is matched based on the preset warning mechanism, and the warning and control measures associated with the warning level are determined based on the abnormal vibration characteristics.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, firstly, based on the preset sampling frequency, the distributed optical fiber sensor network is used to comprehensively monitor the vibration signal in the optical cable. During the monitoring process, each vibration signal is accurately marked in time and space to ensure that each signal can be associated with its corresponding time and space position; when an abnormal vibration signal is detected, the preset image mapping strategy is activated to perform image mapping on the abnormal vibration signal and its adjacent vibration signal segments of preset length, so as to convert them into an intuitive image form to form a series of abnormal vibration image sequences; in order to more accurately understand the vibration signal and obtain the environmental impact information closely related to the abnormal vibration signal, such as natural conditions such as wind speed and temperature, as well as possible human activities, the environmental impact information and the abnormal vibration image sequence are input into the pre-trained feature extraction model together for multi-dimensional feature extraction; when the abnormal vibration signal output by the feature extraction model is received When the abnormal vibration characteristics are detected, the corresponding vibration type is determined based on the abnormal vibration characteristics; finally, the warning level corresponding to the vibration type is matched based on the preset warning mechanism, and the warning and control measures associated with the warning level are further determined based on the abnormal vibration characteristics, including but not limited to strengthening monitoring, initiating emergency response, notifying relevant personnel, etc., to ensure that potential threats can be responded to quickly and effectively; the distributed optical fiber sensing warning and control method proposed in this application realizes comprehensive and accurate monitoring and analysis of vibration signals through time-space labeling, image mapping and feature extraction models, which can not only improve the accuracy of monitoring, but also effectively deal with the influence of environmental factors on vibration signals, and significantly reduce the false alarm and missed alarm rates; at the same time, through the preset warning mechanism and control measures, it can respond quickly after the abnormal vibration signal is detected, and take necessary control measures in time, thereby effectively improving the response speed and processing efficiency.

[0007] In a preferred example, the present application may be further configured as follows: before the step of monitoring the vibration signal in the optical cable through the distributed optical fiber sensor network based on the preset sampling frequency and performing time and space marking on the monitored vibration signal so as to associate the vibration signal with the corresponding time and space position, the following steps are performed: Acquire historical vibration signal data, and identify risk areas and risk time periods in each sampling area based on the historical vibration signal data; The sampling frequency of each sampling area is dynamically adjusted based on historical vibration signal data and the current time period.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, before monitoring the vibration signals in the optical cable through the distributed optical fiber sensor network based on the preset sampling frequency and marking these signals in time and space, the following preprocessing steps are performed: historical vibration signal data is obtained, which comes from the past monitoring records of the optical cable, including various vibration events and their corresponding time, location and intensity information, and through in-depth analysis of the historical vibration signal data, the risk areas and risk time periods in each sampling area are identified, wherein the risk areas refer to those areas where vibration events have occurred frequently or the vibration intensity is relatively high in history, and the risk time period refers to a specific time period when vibration events are more likely to occur; based on the analysis of the historical vibration signal data, And dynamically adjust the sampling frequency of each sampling area considering the current time period, for example, increase the sampling frequency accordingly in the risk area and risk time period to monitor the vibration signal more intensively to ensure that no important vibration events are missed or reduced; in other relatively safe areas and time periods, the sampling frequency may be lowered to save resources and reduce unnecessary data processing burden; the present application realizes intelligent and refined management of optical cable vibration monitoring by acquiring historical vibration signal data and identifying risk areas and risk time periods, and dynamically adjusting the sampling frequency based on these data and current conditions, which has the effect of improving monitoring efficiency, enhancing monitoring accuracy, and improving system response speed to a certain extent.

[0009] In a preferred example, the present application can be further configured as follows: when an abnormal vibration signal is detected, the abnormal vibration signal detected and its adjacent vibration signal segments of a preset length are image mapped based on a preset image mapping strategy to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence, including the steps of: Identify abnormal features of the abnormal vibration signal, and sample vibration signal segments adjacent to the abnormal vibration signal based on sampling parameters associated with the abnormal features; Performing time-frequency analysis on the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segment to obtain the distribution characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal and the vibration signal segment in the time and frequency domain; Image mapping is performed based on a preset image mapping strategy and the results of time-frequency analysis to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, abnormal features in abnormal vibration signals are identified, and the abnormal features include but are not limited to the amplitude, frequency, duration or specific waveform pattern of vibration, etc. Based on these abnormal features, vibration signal segments of corresponding lengths adjacent to the abnormal signals and with potential correlation are located, and the vibration signal segments are sampled according to the sampling parameters associated with these abnormal features, so as to ensure that the data for subsequent analysis is both comprehensive and focused, thereby avoiding omission or redundancy of information; time-frequency analysis is performed on the abnormal vibration signals and their adjacent sampled signal segments, so as to capture the dynamic spectrum information of the signals changing over time; finally, based on a preset image mapping strategy and the results of the time-frequency analysis, the time-frequency characteristics of the vibration signals are converted into image information to form a continuous abnormal vibration image sequence; the present application realizes the conversion of complex vibration signal data into an abnormal vibration image sequence that is easy to understand and analyze through refined signal recognition and sampling, in-depth time-frequency analysis and image mapping strategies, which has the effect of improving the detection accuracy and efficiency of abnormal vibration signals.

[0011] In a preferred example, the present application may be further configured as follows: the step of performing time-frequency analysis on the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segment to obtain the distribution characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal and the vibration signal segment in the time and frequency domains includes the steps of: Based on the abnormal features of the abnormal vibration signal, matching the preset corresponding window function and the length and overlap rate of the window function; Applying short-time Fourier transform to the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segment to obtain a continuous spectrum graph varying with time; Based on the acquired continuous spectrum, the abnormal vibration signal and the distribution characteristics of the vibration signal segment in the time and frequency domains are extracted.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, according to the abnormal characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal, the preset window function is matched, and the length and overlap rate of the window function are determined. The selection of the window function is crucial for time-frequency analysis, which determines the segmentation method of the signal in the time domain, thereby affecting the resolution and accuracy of the spectrum; the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is applied to the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segment thereof to reveal the spectral characteristics of the signal changing with time, and a continuous spectrum diagram changing with time is obtained through STFT processing. The continuous spectrum diagram not only shows the frequency components of the signal at each moment, but also reflects the changing trend of the frequency components with time; finally, the abnormal vibration signal and its vibration signal segment in time are extracted based on the obtained continuous spectrum diagram. and distribution characteristics in the frequency domain, including but not limited to the energy distribution in a specific frequency band, the rate of change of frequency over time, the peak position of the spectrum and its changes, etc., which together constitute a comprehensive description of the signal characteristics; through the above steps, the present application realizes the accurate capture and comprehensive extraction of the distribution characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal and its adjacent signal segments in the time and frequency domains, which not only improves the accuracy and depth of signal analysis, but also provides rich and high-quality feature information for subsequent signal recognition, classification and prediction; and through window function matching and short-time Fourier transform processing, combined with an in-depth analysis of the continuous spectrum diagram, a comprehensive capture of the dynamic characteristics of the signal is achieved, which has the effect of improving signal processing efficiency and enhancing analysis accuracy.

[0013] In a preferred example, the present application can be further configured as follows: the feature extraction model includes a feature fusion layer and a feature extraction layer, and the step of obtaining the environmental impact information sent by the environment acquisition terminal associated with the abnormal vibration signal, and inputting the abnormal vibration image sequence and the environmental impact information into the pre-trained feature extraction model for feature extraction includes the steps of: The feature fusion layer adds the environmental impact information as an additional feature channel to the abnormal vibration image sequence according to the time sequence correspondence to generate a multi-dimensional vibration image sequence; The feature extraction layer extracts features from the multidimensional vibration image sequence based on a preset spatiotemporal attention mechanism, thereby extracting abnormal vibration features based on time, space and environmental influences.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the feature extraction model is composed of a feature fusion layer and a feature extraction layer; the feature fusion layer adds the environmental impact information as an additional feature channel to the abnormal vibration image sequence in time sequence, realizes the effective fusion of the vibration signal and the environmental information, and generates a multidimensional vibration image sequence including time, space and environmental dimensions; the feature extraction layer extracts features from the multidimensional vibration image sequence based on a preset spatiotemporal attention mechanism to explore the correlation between the vibration signals in time and space, and at the same time considers the influence of environmental factors on the vibration characteristics, and finally extracts the abnormal vibration features based on time, space and environmental influences; through the above steps, the present application realizes comprehensive feature extraction of abnormal vibration signals and their environmental influences, which not only improves the accuracy and comprehensiveness of feature extraction, but also enhances the model's adaptability to complex environments.

[0015] In a preferred example, the present application can be further configured as follows: the warning level includes low, medium and high levels, and the steps of matching the warning level corresponding to the vibration type based on the preset warning mechanism and determining the warning and control measures associated with the warning level based on the abnormal vibration characteristics include the steps of: When the warning level is medium or high, the abnormal vibration signal and abnormal vibration characteristics are analyzed based on the preset optical cable network topology map to identify the candidate affected areas of the abnormal vibration signal; The warning information associated with the warning level is determined based on the abnormal vibration characteristics, and a linkage warning signal is sent to the control center of the candidate affected area based on the warning information.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the warning level is determined to be intermediate or advanced, the abnormal vibration signal and its characteristics are deeply analyzed based on the preset optical cable network topology map. The optical cable network topology map is a graphical representation of the optical cable network structure, node location and connection relationship, which can help understand the propagation path and potential impact range of the abnormal vibration signal in the network. By analyzing the optical cable network topology map, the candidate impact area of ​​the abnormal vibration signal is identified, that is, the optical cable section or node that may be affected by the vibration; according to the abnormal vibration characteristics, the warning information corresponding to the current warning level is determined, and the warning information includes but is not limited to parameters such as the type, intensity, duration, and expected impact range of the vibration, as well as recommended response measures. Implementation; based on the determined warning information, a linkage warning signal is sent to the control center of the candidate affected area to attract the attention of the control center and prompt it to take corresponding control measures to reduce or avoid the potential linkage impact caused by vibration; the present application realizes efficient early warning and precise control of abnormal vibration signals through the above steps, and by combining the analysis of the optical cable network topology map, it can more accurately identify the affected area and improve the pertinence of the warning; by sending the linkage warning signal, it ensures that the warning information can be quickly transmitted to the relevant control center, promotes the timeliness and coordination of the emergency response, has the effect of improving the safety and stability of the optical cable network, and effectively reducing the potential risks of abnormal vibration to network operation.

[0017] The second object of the invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control system, comprising: A sampling module, used to monitor the vibration signal in the optical cable through a distributed optical fiber sensor network based on a preset sampling frequency, and to perform time and space marking on the monitored vibration signal, so as to associate the vibration signal with the corresponding time and space position; An image mapping module is used for, when an abnormal vibration signal is detected, performing image mapping on the detected abnormal vibration signal and its adjacent vibration signal segments of a preset length based on a preset image mapping strategy to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence; A feature extraction module is used to obtain environmental impact information sent by an environmental collection terminal associated with an abnormal vibration signal, and input the abnormal vibration image sequence and the environmental impact information into a pre-trained feature extraction model for feature extraction; A vibration type determination module, configured to determine a corresponding vibration type based on the abnormal vibration feature when receiving the abnormal vibration feature output by the feature extraction model; The abnormal warning module is used to match the warning level corresponding to the vibration type based on the preset warning mechanism, and determine the warning and control measures associated with the warning level based on the abnormal vibration characteristics.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the sampling module is used to monitor the vibration signal in the optical cable through the distributed optical fiber sensor network based on the preset sampling frequency, and to time and space mark the monitored vibration signal, so that the vibration signal is associated with the corresponding time and space position; the image mapping module is used to perform image mapping on the monitored abnormal vibration signal and its adjacent vibration signal segment of preset length based on the preset image mapping strategy when an abnormal vibration signal is monitored, so as to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence; the feature extraction module is used to obtain the environmental impact information sent by the environment acquisition terminal associated with the abnormal vibration signal, and input the abnormal vibration image sequence and the environmental impact information into the pre-trained feature extraction model for feature extraction; the vibration type determination module is used to determine the corresponding vibration type based on the abnormal vibration feature when receiving the abnormal vibration feature output by the feature extraction model; the abnormal warning module is used to match the warning level corresponding to the vibration type based on the preset warning mechanism, and determine the warning and control measures associated with the warning level based on the abnormal vibration feature.

[0019] In a preferred example, the present application can be further configured as follows: the image mapping module includes: A sampling submodule, used to identify abnormal features of the abnormal vibration signal, and sample vibration signal segments adjacent to the abnormal vibration signal based on sampling parameters associated with the abnormal features; The time-frequency analysis submodule is used to perform time-frequency analysis on the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segment to obtain the distribution characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal and the vibration signal segment in the time and frequency domain; The mapping submodule is used to perform image mapping based on a preset image mapping strategy and the result of time-frequency analysis, so as to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, a sampling submodule is used to identify the abnormal features of the abnormal vibration signal, and to sample the vibration signal segments adjacent to the abnormal vibration signal based on the sampling parameters associated with the abnormal features; a time-frequency analysis submodule is used to perform time-frequency analysis on the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segments to obtain the distribution characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal and the vibration signal segments in the time and frequency domains; and a mapping submodule is used to perform image mapping based on a preset image mapping strategy and the results of the time-frequency analysis, so as to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence.

[0021] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method proposed in this application realizes comprehensive and accurate monitoring and analysis of vibration signals through spatiotemporal labeling, image mapping and feature extraction models, which can not only improve the accuracy of monitoring, but also effectively deal with the impact of environmental factors on vibration signals, and significantly reduce the false alarm and missed alarm rates; at the same time, through the preset early warning mechanism and control measures, it can respond quickly after abnormal vibration signals are detected, and take necessary control measures in time, thereby effectively improving the response speed and processing efficiency; 2. This application realizes intelligent and refined management of optical cable vibration monitoring by acquiring historical vibration signal data and identifying risk areas and risk periods, and dynamically adjusting the sampling frequency based on these data and current conditions, which has the effect of improving monitoring efficiency, enhancing monitoring accuracy, and improving system response speed to a certain extent; 3. This application realizes the conversion of complex vibration signal data into abnormal vibration image sequences that are easy to understand and analyze through refined signal recognition and sampling, in-depth time-frequency analysis, and image mapping strategies, which has the effect of improving the detection accuracy and efficiency of abnormal vibration signals. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an embodiment of a distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method of the present application; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of step S20 in an embodiment of a distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method of the present application; Figure 3 This is a flow chart of step S22 in an embodiment of a distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method of the present application; Figure 4 This is a principle block diagram of a computer device of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 This application is described in further detail.

[0024] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the present application discloses a distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method, which specifically includes the following steps: S10: monitoring the vibration signal in the optical cable through the distributed optical fiber sensor network based on a preset sampling frequency, and performing time and space marking on the monitored vibration signal, so that the vibration signal is associated with the corresponding time and space position; In this embodiment, the distributed optical fiber sensing network is a distributed sensing system that uses optical fiber as a sensing element and monitors external physical quantities by measuring changes in optical signal parameters transmitted in the optical fiber. In the optical cable, the optical fiber is not only used for data transmission, but also acts as a sensor to sense physical changes such as vibration around the optical cable; the vibration signal is a change in the optical signal caused by vibration in the optical cable due to external physical effects (such as digging, knocking, vehicle passing, etc.) monitored by the distributed optical fiber sensing network; the time and space marking is to add time and space information to the monitored vibration signal, the time mark indicates the time point when the vibration signal occurs, and the space mark indicates the specific position of the vibration signal on the optical cable; Specifically, based on the preset sampling frequency, a distributed fiber optic sensor network is used to comprehensively monitor the vibration signals in the optical cable. During the monitoring process, each vibration signal is accurately marked in time and space to ensure that each signal can be associated with its corresponding time and space position.

[0025] S20: when an abnormal vibration signal is detected, image mapping is performed on the detected abnormal vibration signal and its adjacent vibration signal segments of a preset length based on a preset image mapping strategy to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence; In this embodiment, the abnormal vibration signal is a vibration signal detected by the distributed optical fiber sensor network that is significantly different from the normal vibration mode or the expected vibration mode; the image mapping strategy is a predefined method or rule for converting a vibration signal (usually time series data) into an image representation, which involves performing some form of transformation (such as time-frequency analysis, wavelet transformation, etc.) on the vibration signal, and presenting the transformed data in the form of an image; the adjacent vibration signal segments of a preset length are when the abnormal vibration signal is monitored, in addition to the abnormal signal itself, the vibration signals within a preset length of time before and after it are considered, which provides contextual information before and after the abnormal vibration occurs, and helps to more comprehensively understand the nature and cause of the abnormal vibration; the abnormal vibration image sequence is a series of images obtained by converting the abnormal vibration signal and its adjacent vibration signal segments of a preset length according to the image mapping strategy, and the abnormal vibration image sequence displays the temporal changes and characteristics of the vibration signal in the form of images; Specifically, when an abnormal vibration signal is monitored, a preset image mapping strategy is initiated to perform image mapping on the abnormal vibration signal and its adjacent vibration signal segments of preset length, so as to convert them into an intuitive image form, thereby forming a series of abnormal vibration image sequences.

[0026] S30: Obtaining environmental impact information sent by an environment collection terminal associated with the abnormal vibration signal, and inputting the abnormal vibration image sequence and the environmental impact information into a pre-trained feature extraction model for feature extraction; In this embodiment, the environmental impact information is environmental factor data that occurs at the same time or at a similar time as the abnormal vibration signal and is collected and sent by the environment collection terminal. The environment collection terminal includes various sensors for collecting environmental data, and is used to monitor environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, rainfall, and traffic flow. The feature extraction model is a pre-trained machine learning or deep learning model, which is used to extract features from the input vibration signal (in this embodiment, the abnormal vibration image sequence) and the environmental impact information, wherein the features extracted by the feature extraction model include but are not limited to the frequency, amplitude, duration, waveform pattern of the vibration, and features related to environmental factors, etc.; Specifically, in order to understand the vibration signal more accurately and obtain environmental impact information closely related to the abnormal vibration signal, such as natural conditions such as wind speed and temperature, and possible human activities, the environmental impact information and the abnormal vibration image sequence are input into the pre-trained feature extraction model for multi-dimensional feature extraction.

[0027] S40: when receiving the abnormal vibration feature output by the feature extraction model, determining the corresponding vibration type based on the abnormal vibration feature; In this embodiment, the abnormal vibration feature is a feature different from the normal vibration extracted from the vibration signal by the feature extraction model, and the abnormal vibration feature includes but is not limited to the frequency, amplitude, duration, waveform change, etc. of the vibration, which is used to determine the vibration type, warning level and corresponding control measures; the vibration type is the type of the vibration signal determined according to the abnormal vibration feature, and the vibration type includes but is not limited to mechanical vibration, man-made damage vibration, natural disaster vibration, environmental disturbance vibration, animal activity vibration and geological change vibration, etc.; Specifically, when the abnormal vibration feature output by the feature extraction model is received, the corresponding vibration type is determined based on the abnormal vibration feature.

[0028] S50: matching the warning level corresponding to the vibration type based on the preset warning mechanism, and determining the warning and control measures associated with the warning level based on the abnormal vibration characteristics; In this embodiment, the preset warning mechanism is a preset rule or process, which is used to determine the corresponding warning level and response measures according to the monitored abnormal vibration signal and its characteristics, including the identification of vibration type, the classification of warning levels, the issuance of warning information, and the activation of control measures; the warning level is a level set to indicate the severity of vibration, potential risks, or emergency measures to be taken. For example, for slight mechanical vibration, it may be set as a low-level warning, while for human damage that may cause optical cable breakage or serious failure, it may be set as a high-level warning; the warning and control measures associated with the warning level are a series of specific warning and control measures determined by the warning mechanism according to the warning level and abnormal vibration characteristics, including but not limited to sending warning information to relevant personnel, initiating emergency response procedures, adjusting the operating status of optical cables, dispatching personnel for on-site inspection, etc.; Specifically, the warning level corresponding to the vibration type is matched based on the preset warning mechanism, and the warning and control measures associated with the warning level are further determined based on the abnormal vibration characteristics, including but not limited to strengthening monitoring, initiating emergency response, notifying relevant personnel, etc., to ensure that potential threats can be responded to quickly and effectively.

[0029] In one embodiment, before step S10, the following steps are performed: S01: Acquire historical vibration signal data, and identify risk areas and risk periods in each sampling area based on the historical vibration signal data; S02: Dynamically adjust the sampling frequency of each sampling area based on historical vibration signal data and the current period; In this embodiment, the historical vibration signal data is the vibration signal data collected in the past period of time, and the historical vibration signal data records the vibration conditions of the optical cable at different times and locations; the sampling area is a plurality of areas into which the optical cable is divided for monitoring and analysis, and each sampling area may have different lengths, environmental conditions and vibration characteristics; the risk area is an area with high vibration frequency, large amplitude or other abnormal vibration characteristics in the historical vibration signal data, and the risk area may be more susceptible to external interference or damage, and is therefore regarded as a potential risk point; the risk period is a time period with frequent vibration activities or frequent abnormal vibration events in the historical vibration signal data; the current period is a real-time time period for vibration signal monitoring and analysis; dynamically adjusting the sampling frequency is to change the sampling frequency of each sampling area in real time or periodically according to the historical vibration signal data and the current period. For example, in risk areas and risk periods, the sampling frequency may be increased to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of monitoring, while in areas or periods with less vibration activities, the sampling frequency may be reduced to save resources; Specifically, before monitoring vibration signals in optical cables through a distributed optical fiber sensor network based on a preset sampling frequency and marking these signals in time and space, the following preprocessing steps are performed: historical vibration signal data is obtained, which comes from past monitoring records of optical cables and contains various vibration events and their corresponding time, location, intensity and other information; through in-depth analysis of historical vibration signal data, risk areas and risk time periods in each sampling area are identified, where risk areas refer to those areas where vibration events have occurred frequently or with greater vibration intensity in history, and risk time periods refer to specific time periods when vibration events are more likely to occur; based on the analysis of historical vibration signal data and considering the current time period, the sampling frequency of each sampling area is dynamically adjusted, for example, the sampling frequency is correspondingly increased in risk areas and risk time periods to monitor vibration signals more intensively to ensure that no important vibration events are missed or reduced; and in other relatively safe areas and time periods, the sampling frequency may be reduced to save resources and reduce unnecessary data processing burden.

[0030] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, step S20 includes the steps of: S21: identifying abnormal features of the abnormal vibration signal, and sampling vibration signal segments adjacent to the abnormal vibration signal based on sampling parameters associated with the abnormal features; S22: performing time-frequency analysis on the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segment to obtain distribution characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal and the vibration signal segment in the time and frequency domains; S23: performing image mapping based on a preset image mapping strategy and a result of the time-frequency analysis, thereby obtaining an abnormal vibration image sequence; In this embodiment, the abnormal feature is a significantly different characteristic or pattern in the abnormal vibration signal, including but not limited to the abnormal frequency, abnormal amplitude, abnormal duration, abnormal waveform change, etc. of the vibration; the sampling parameters are the parameters used when sampling the signal, including the sampling frequency, the number of sampling points, the sampling time, etc.; the time-frequency analysis is a signal processing technology used to simultaneously analyze the characteristics of the signal in the time and frequency domains. Through time-frequency analysis, the frequency components of the signal at different time points and how these frequency components change over time can be captured; the distribution characteristics in the time and frequency domains are the distribution of the abnormal vibration signal and the sampling signal segments in time and frequency; the image mapping strategy is a rule or method for converting signal data into image data, and in this embodiment, it is a strategy for mapping the results of the time-frequency analysis into image data; Specifically, abnormal features in abnormal vibration signals are identified, including but not limited to the amplitude, frequency, duration or specific waveform pattern of vibration, and vibration signal segments of corresponding lengths adjacent to the abnormal signals and having potential correlations are located based on these abnormal features, and the vibration signal segments are sampled according to sampling parameters associated with these abnormal features to ensure that the data for subsequent analysis is both comprehensive and focused, thereby avoiding omission or redundancy of information; time-frequency analysis is performed on the abnormal vibration signals and their adjacent sampled signal segments to capture dynamic spectrum information of the signals changing over time; finally, based on a preset image mapping strategy and the results of the time-frequency analysis, the time-frequency characteristics of the vibration signals are converted into image information to form a continuous abnormal vibration image sequence.

[0031] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, step S22 includes the steps of: S221: matching a preset corresponding window function and a length and an overlap rate of the window function based on the abnormal characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal; S222: applying short-time Fourier transform to the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segment to obtain a continuous spectrum graph varying with time; S223: extracting the abnormal vibration signal and the distribution characteristics of the vibration signal segment in the time and frequency domains based on the acquired continuous spectrum graph; In this embodiment, the window function is a function used to truncate signals or data in signal processing. In time-frequency analysis, the window function is used to divide the signal into multiple short time periods so as to analyze the frequency components of the signal in each time period. The length of the window function determines the length of the signal in each analysis time period. A longer window function can improve the frequency resolution but reduce the time resolution. A shorter window function is the opposite. The overlap rate is the ratio of the overlapping part between two adjacent analysis time periods to the length of the window function. An increase in the overlap rate can improve the time resolution but also increase the computational complexity. Short-time Fourier transform is a method for decomposing a non-stationary signal into multiple short-time stable signals by sliding on the time axis. A window function is used, and the signal in each window is Fourier transformed to obtain a spectrum diagram that changes with time; a continuous spectrum diagram is an image obtained by short-time Fourier transform, which represents the distribution of the signal in the time and frequency domains. In the spectrum diagram, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents frequency; distribution features are extracted from the continuous spectrum diagram, which are used to describe the characteristics or parameters of the distribution of the signal in the time and frequency domains, including the frequency components of the signal, the trend of frequency changes over time, the energy distribution of the signal, etc.; extracting distribution features is the process of identifying and quantifying these features from the spectrum diagram, which involves further processing and analysis of the spectrum diagram, such as peak detection, energy calculation, spectral density estimation, etc. Specifically, according to the abnormal characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal, the preset window function is matched, and the length and overlap rate of the window function are determined. The selection of the window function is crucial to time-frequency analysis, which determines the segmentation method of the signal in the time domain, and thus affects the resolution and accuracy of the spectrum; the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is applied to the abnormal vibration signal and its sampled vibration signal segments to reveal the spectral characteristics of the signal changing with time, and a continuous spectrum diagram changing with time is obtained through STFT processing. The continuous spectrum diagram not only shows the frequency components of the signal at each moment, but also reflects the changing trend of the frequency components with time; finally, based on the obtained continuous spectrum diagram, the distribution characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal and its vibration signal segments in the time and frequency domains are extracted, including but not limited to the energy distribution of a specific frequency segment, the rate of change of frequency with time, the peak position of the spectrum and its changes, etc., which together constitute a comprehensive description of the signal characteristics.

[0032] In one embodiment, the feature extraction model includes a feature fusion layer and a feature extraction layer, and step S30 includes the steps of: S31: the feature fusion layer adds the environmental impact information as an additional feature channel to the abnormal vibration image sequence according to the time sequence correspondence to generate a multi-dimensional vibration image sequence; S32: The feature extraction layer extracts features from the multi-dimensional vibration image sequence based on a preset spatiotemporal attention mechanism, thereby extracting abnormal vibration features based on time, space and environmental influences; In this embodiment, the feature fusion layer is a component of the feature extraction model, which is used to fuse features from different sources or types. In this embodiment, the feature fusion layer is used to add environmental impact information as an additional feature channel to the abnormal vibration image sequence, so as to generate a multidimensional vibration image sequence containing more information; the feature extraction layer is another component of the feature extraction model, which is used to extract useful features from the input data. In this embodiment, the feature extraction layer extracts features from the multidimensional vibration image sequence based on a preset spatiotemporal attention mechanism to identify abnormal vibration features related to time, space and environmental impact; environmental impact information is external environmental factors related to vibration events, including temperature, humidity, wind speed, geological conditions, etc.; the multidimensional vibration image sequence is a vibration image sequence processed by the feature fusion layer, which contains the original vibration image information and additional environmental impact information; the preset spatiotemporal attention mechanism is a mechanism used to emphasize important information and suppress irrelevant information in the feature extraction process, which combines time attention and space attention, and can simultaneously focus on the key features of vibration events in time and space; Specifically, the feature extraction model consists of a feature fusion layer and a feature extraction layer; the feature fusion layer adds the environmental impact information as an additional feature channel to the abnormal vibration image sequence in time sequence, realizes the effective fusion of vibration signals and environmental information, and generates a multidimensional vibration image sequence containing time, space and environmental dimensions; the feature extraction layer extracts features from the multidimensional vibration image sequence based on a preset spatiotemporal attention mechanism to explore the correlation between vibration signals in time and space, and at the same time considers the influence of environmental factors on vibration characteristics, and finally extracts abnormal vibration features based on time, space and environmental influences.

[0033] In one embodiment, the warning levels include low, medium and high, and step S50 includes the steps of: S51: when the warning level is medium or high, analyzing the abnormal vibration signal and the abnormal vibration characteristics based on a preset optical cable network topology map to identify candidate impact areas of the abnormal vibration signal; S52: determining warning information associated with the warning level based on the abnormal vibration characteristics, and sending a linkage warning signal to the control center of the candidate affected area based on the warning information; In this embodiment, the optical cable network topology map is a graphical representation for displaying nodes, connections and layouts in the optical cable network. In abnormal vibration analysis, the optical cable network topology map can help identify areas and nodes that may be affected by abnormal vibration signals; candidate impact areas are areas of the optical cable network that may be affected by abnormal vibration events, obtained by analyzing abnormal vibration signals and abnormal vibration characteristics based on the optical cable network topology map. The candidate impact areas are determined based on the optical cable network topology map and the propagation characteristics of abnormal vibrations; warning information is determined based on abnormal vibration characteristics and is used to describe detailed information on the nature, severity and possible impact of abnormal vibration events, including the type, location, intensity, and expected impact range of vibrations. The linkage warning signal is a warning notification generated based on the warning information and sent to the control center of the candidate impact area. The linkage warning signal contains necessary warning information and recommended countermeasures so that the control center can respond quickly to reduce the impact of abnormal vibration events on the optical cable network; Specifically, when the warning level is determined to be intermediate or advanced, an in-depth analysis of the abnormal vibration signal and its characteristics is performed based on a preset optical cable network topology map. The optical cable network topology map is a graphical representation of the optical cable network structure, node locations and connection relationships, which can help understand the propagation path and potential impact range of the abnormal vibration signal in the network. By analyzing the optical cable network topology map, candidate impact areas of the abnormal vibration signal are identified, that is, optical cable sections or nodes that may be affected by vibration; based on the abnormal vibration characteristics, the warning information corresponding to the current warning level is determined, and the warning information includes but is not limited to parameters such as the type, intensity, duration, and expected impact range of the vibration, as well as recommended response measures; based on the determined warning information, a linkage warning signal is sent to the control center of the candidate impact area to attract the attention of the control center and prompt it to take corresponding control measures to reduce or avoid the potential linkage impact caused by vibration.

[0034] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0035] In one embodiment, a distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control system is provided, and the distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control system corresponds one-to-one to a distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method in the above embodiment. The distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control system includes: A sampling module, used to monitor the vibration signal in the optical cable through a distributed optical fiber sensor network based on a preset sampling frequency, and to perform time and space marking on the monitored vibration signal, so as to associate the vibration signal with the corresponding time and space position; An image mapping module is used for, when an abnormal vibration signal is detected, performing image mapping on the detected abnormal vibration signal and its adjacent vibration signal segments of a preset length based on a preset image mapping strategy to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence; A feature extraction module is used to obtain environmental impact information sent by an environmental collection terminal associated with an abnormal vibration signal, and input the abnormal vibration image sequence and the environmental impact information into a pre-trained feature extraction model for feature extraction; A vibration type determination module, configured to determine a corresponding vibration type based on the abnormal vibration feature when receiving the abnormal vibration feature output by the feature extraction model; An abnormal warning module is used to match the warning level corresponding to the vibration type based on a preset warning mechanism, and determine the warning and control measures associated with the warning level based on the abnormal vibration characteristics; Optionally, the sampling module includes: A risk identification submodule, used to obtain historical vibration signal data, and identify risk areas and risk periods in each sampling area based on the historical vibration signal data; The sampling frequency adjustment submodule is used to dynamically adjust the sampling frequency of each sampling area based on the historical vibration signal data and the current time period; Optionally, the image map module includes: A sampling submodule, used to identify abnormal features of the abnormal vibration signal, and sample vibration signal segments adjacent to the abnormal vibration signal based on sampling parameters associated with the abnormal features; The time-frequency analysis submodule is used to perform time-frequency analysis on the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segment to obtain the distribution characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal and the vibration signal segment in the time and frequency domain; A mapping submodule, used for performing image mapping based on a preset image mapping strategy and the result of time-frequency analysis, so as to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence; Optionally, the time-frequency analysis submodule includes: A function setting submodule is used to match the preset corresponding window function and the length and overlap rate of the window function based on the abnormal characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal; A spectrum acquisition submodule, for applying short-time Fourier transform to the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segment to obtain a continuous spectrum graph varying with time; A distribution feature extraction submodule is used to extract the abnormal vibration signal and the distribution features of the vibration signal segment in the time and frequency domains based on the acquired continuous spectrum graph; Optionally, also include: A feature fusion layer module is used to add environmental impact information as an additional feature channel to the abnormal vibration image sequence according to the time sequence correspondence to generate a multi-dimensional vibration image sequence; The feature extraction layer module is used to extract features from the multi-dimensional vibration image sequence based on the preset spatiotemporal attention mechanism, thereby extracting abnormal vibration features based on time, space and environmental influences; Optionally, the abnormal warning module includes: A candidate impact area identification submodule is used to analyze the abnormal vibration signal and abnormal vibration characteristics based on a preset optical cable network topology map to identify the candidate impact area of ​​the abnormal vibration signal when the warning level is medium or high; The linkage warning signal sending submodule is used to determine the warning information associated with the warning level based on the abnormal vibration characteristics, and send a linkage warning signal to the control center of the candidate affected area based on the warning information.

[0036] For the specific definition of a distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control system, please refer to the definition of a distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method above, which will not be repeated here. Each module in the above-mentioned distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control system can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware and a combination thereof. The above-mentioned modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in the form of hardware, or can be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to the above modules.

[0037] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 4 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface and a database connected through a system bus. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store the identity information of the display terminal, the pre-stored smart mobile terminal information, the smart mobile terminal information corresponding to the identity information of the display terminal, the preset multimedia files, the preset grouping information, the preset distance value, and the sensor terminal signal information. The network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a method of distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control is implemented.

[0038] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements a distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method when executing the computer program; In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, a distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method is implemented.

[0039] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application may include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), etc.

[0040] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be distributed and completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0041] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method, characterized in that: Includes steps: Based on a preset sampling frequency, the vibration signal in the optical cable is monitored through a distributed optical fiber sensor network, and the monitored vibration signal is time-space marked so that the vibration signal is associated with the corresponding time and space position; When an abnormal vibration signal is detected, image mapping is performed on the detected abnormal vibration signal and its adjacent vibration signal segments of a preset length based on a preset image mapping strategy to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence; Obtain environmental impact information from an environmental collection terminal associated with an abnormal vibration signal, and input the abnormal vibration image sequence and environmental impact information into a pre-trained feature extraction model for feature extraction; When receiving the abnormal vibration feature output by the feature extraction model, determining the corresponding vibration type based on the abnormal vibration feature; The warning level corresponding to the vibration type is matched based on the preset warning mechanism, and the warning and control measures associated with the warning level are determined based on the abnormal vibration characteristics.

2. A distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the step of monitoring the vibration signal in the optical cable through the distributed optical fiber sensor network based on the preset sampling frequency and performing time and space marking on the monitored vibration signal so as to associate the vibration signal with the corresponding time and space position, the following steps are performed: Acquire historical vibration signal data, and identify risk areas and risk time periods in each sampling area based on the historical vibration signal data; The sampling frequency of each sampling area is dynamically adjusted based on historical vibration signal data and the current time period.

3. A distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of performing image mapping on the abnormal vibration signal and its adjacent vibration signal segments of a preset length based on a preset image mapping strategy when an abnormal vibration signal is detected to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence comprises the following steps: Identify abnormal features of the abnormal vibration signal, and sample vibration signal segments adjacent to the abnormal vibration signal based on sampling parameters associated with the abnormal features; Performing time-frequency analysis on the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segment to obtain the distribution characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal and the vibration signal segment in the time and frequency domain; Image mapping is performed based on a preset image mapping strategy and the results of time-frequency analysis to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence.

4. A distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of performing time-frequency analysis on the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segment to obtain the distribution characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal and the vibration signal segment in the time and frequency domain comprises the steps of: Based on the abnormal features of the abnormal vibration signal, matching the preset corresponding window function and the length and overlap rate of the window function; Applying short-time Fourier transform to the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segment to obtain a continuous spectrum graph varying with time; Based on the acquired continuous spectrum, the abnormal vibration signal and the distribution characteristics of the vibration signal segment in the time and frequency domains are extracted.

5. A distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feature extraction model includes a feature fusion layer and a feature extraction layer. The step of obtaining environmental impact information sent by an environment acquisition terminal associated with an abnormal vibration signal and inputting the abnormal vibration image sequence and the environmental impact information into a pre-trained feature extraction model for feature extraction includes the following steps: The feature fusion layer adds the environmental impact information as an additional feature channel to the abnormal vibration image sequence according to the time sequence correspondence to generate a multi-dimensional vibration image sequence; The feature extraction layer extracts features from the multidimensional vibration image sequence based on a preset spatiotemporal attention mechanism, thereby extracting abnormal vibration features based on time, space and environmental influences.

6. A distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The warning levels include low, medium and high levels. The steps of matching the warning level corresponding to the vibration type based on the preset warning mechanism and determining the warning and control measures associated with the warning level based on the abnormal vibration characteristics include the steps of: When the warning level is medium or high, the abnormal vibration signal and abnormal vibration characteristics are analyzed based on the preset optical cable network topology map to identify the candidate affected areas of the abnormal vibration signal; The warning information associated with the warning level is determined based on the abnormal vibration characteristics, and a linkage warning signal is sent to the control center of the candidate affected area based on the warning information.

7. A distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control system, characterized in that: include: A sampling module, used to monitor the vibration signal in the optical cable through a distributed optical fiber sensor network based on a preset sampling frequency, and to perform time and space marking on the monitored vibration signal, so as to associate the vibration signal with the corresponding time and space position; An image mapping module is used for, when an abnormal vibration signal is detected, performing image mapping on the detected abnormal vibration signal and its adjacent vibration signal segments of a preset length based on a preset image mapping strategy to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence; A feature extraction module is used to obtain environmental impact information sent by an environmental collection terminal associated with an abnormal vibration signal, and input the abnormal vibration image sequence and the environmental impact information into a pre-trained feature extraction model for feature extraction; A vibration type determination module, configured to determine a corresponding vibration type based on the abnormal vibration feature when receiving the abnormal vibration feature output by the feature extraction model; The abnormal warning module is used to match the warning level corresponding to the vibration type based on the preset warning mechanism, and determine the warning and control measures associated with the warning level based on the abnormal vibration characteristics.

8. A distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The image mapping module comprises: A sampling submodule, used to identify abnormal features of the abnormal vibration signal, and sample vibration signal segments adjacent to the abnormal vibration signal based on sampling parameters associated with the abnormal features; The time-frequency analysis submodule is used to perform time-frequency analysis on the abnormal vibration signal and the sampled vibration signal segment to obtain the distribution characteristics of the abnormal vibration signal and the vibration signal segment in the time and frequency domain; The mapping submodule is used to perform image mapping based on a preset image mapping strategy and the result of time-frequency analysis, so as to obtain an abnormal vibration image sequence.

9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method as described in any one of claims 1-6 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a distributed optical fiber sensing early warning and control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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