A pre-sowing bed furrow compaction and plasticization device

Abstract

The device belongs to agricultural machinery, and is characterized in that a Π-shaped frame is hung and installed through a parallelogram profiling mechanism, a main shaft is rotatably supported and installed on the Π-shaped frame, a cylindrical seedbed plasticity and consolidation roller with an inner ring is rotatably sleeved on both sides and the middle of the main shaft, a fixed conical disc-shaped seed furrow plasticity and consolidation wheel is fixed on the main shaft, two seat plates and gear shaft support plates fixed to the Π-shaped frame are rotatably sleeved on the main shaft, a rotation speed controller and a stepping motor are fixed on the seat plates, a driving cylindrical gear is fixed on the motor output shaft, cylindrical gears I and II are rotatably installed through gear shafts I and II between the seat plates and the gear shaft support plates, a cylindrical gear III is fixed on the main shaft, the driving cylindrical gear meshes with the inner ring, the cylindrical gear I meshes with the inner ring and the cylindrical gear II respectively, and the cylindrical gear II meshes with the cylindrical gear III.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a device for completing seedbed and seed furrow processing by adopting a plastic pressing structure before seeding operation. BACKGROUND

[0002] In modern agricultural production, the efficiency and accuracy of seeding technology directly affect the growth quality and yield of crops. At present, seedbed and seed furrow processing is mostly completed by single-disc or double-disc seedbed and seed furrow furrow openers. In many years of production practice, since the single-disc or double-disc furrow opener adopts a passive rotation operation mode with the tractor, the quality and operation effect of the constructed seedbed and seed furrow cannot meet the requirements of high-level seeding agricultural technology operation, and there are many technical defects such as soil accumulation after work and irregular shape of seedbed and seed furrow. The defects will cause excessive soil disturbance during operation and damage soil structure on the one hand, and on the other hand, will cause the seed not to be in close contact with the seedbed and seed furrow soil after sowing, air leakage due to loose seedbed and seed furrow soil, low soil temperature of the seedbed and seed furrow, and the siphon capacity of the soil is affected, which reduces the water content of the seedbed and seed furrow soil, and is not conducive to seed germination and root growth. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems of the prior art, and to design a pre-seeding seedbed and seed furrow compaction and plastic forming device according to the actual needs of agricultural production, so as to achieve the purposes of tight soil, regular shape, high soil temperature and water content of the constructed seedbed and seed furrow, strong adaptability of the machine, high automation degree of regulation and control, and avoidance of skidding and soil accumulation.

[0004] The purpose of the present application is achieved in that: a Π-shaped frame is hung and installed on a parallel four-bar copying mechanism, a main shaft is rotatably supported and installed on opposite two side vertical wall plates of the Π-shaped frame, a conical disc-shaped seed furrow plasticity compacting wheel is fixed on the middle part of the main shaft inside the two side vertical wall plates of the Π-shaped frame, a cylindrical seedbed plasticity compacting roller is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft at positions opposite to the two side parts of the conical disc-shaped seed furrow plasticity compacting wheel, a seat plate is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft at positions between the two side vertical wall plates of the Π-shaped frame and the opposite cylindrical seedbed plasticity compacting roller, the seat plate is fixed to the Π-shaped frame through a fastener group, a gear shaft support plate is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft at a position inside a groove of the cylindrical seedbed plasticity compacting roller, gear shaft I and gear shaft II are supported and inserted on the opposite seat plates and the gear shaft support plate in parallel, cylindrical gear I and cylindrical gear II are rotatably sleeved on the gear shaft I and the gear shaft II respectively, an internal gear ring is fixed on the circumferential inner wall of the cylindrical seedbed plasticity compacting roller, cylindrical gear III is fixed on the main shaft, a rotating speed controller and a stepping motor are fixed on the seat plate, a driving cylindrical gear is fixed on the power output shaft of the stepping motor, the driving cylindrical gear is engaged with the internal gear ring, cylindrical gear I is engaged with the internal gear ring and cylindrical gear II respectively, and cylindrical gear III is engaged with cylindrical gear II; the transmission ratio of cylindrical gear I to cylindrical gear III is a speed-up ratio; the diameter of the conical disc-shaped seed furrow plasticity compacting wheel is larger than that of the cylindrical seedbed plasticity compacting roller; the rotating speed controller is composed of a GPS module, a microcontroller, a key module, a display screen and a motor driver, the microcontroller is in communication with the GPS module, the key module, the display screen and the motor driver through wires, the stepping motor is in communication with the motor driver of the rotating speed controller through wires, and thus a pre-sowing seedbed and seed furrow compacting and plasticity device is formed.

[0005] The present application has novel, unique and reasonable structure, adopts the seedbed and seed furrow structure constructed by rolling and extrusion combination pressing and the speed automatic control device, greatly improves the compactness of the seedbed and seed furrow soil, avoids soil accumulation, has novel structure, improves soil permeability and water retention, reduces soil erosion, and ensures and promotes the seed germination rate and plant growth quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the overall structure of a pre-sowing seedbed and seed furrow compacting and plasticity device.

[0007] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 A-A sectional view of the present application.

[0008] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 B-B sectional view of the present application.

[0009] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conical disc-shaped seed fur plastic forming and compacting wheel;

[0010] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylindrical seed bed plastic forming and compacting roller;

[0011] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seat plate;

[0012] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gear shaft support plate.

[0013] Explanation of the parts in the figure:

[0014] 1, parallel four-bar profiled mechanism, 2, Π-shaped frame, 3, rotation speed controller, 3-1, GPS module, 3-2, microcontroller, 3-3, key module, 3-4, display screen, 3-5, motor driver, 4, fastener group, 5, stepping motor, 6, main shaft, 7, seat plate, 8, cylindrical seed bed plastic forming and compacting roller, 9, conical disc-shaped seed fur plastic forming and compacting wheel, 10, inner ring gear, 11, cylindrical gear I, 12, gear shaft I, 13, cylindrical gear II, 14, gear shaft II, 15, cylindrical gear III, 16, gear shaft support plate, 17, driving cylindrical gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] A kind of pre-sowing bed furrow compaction plastic device is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.Its features are that parallelogram profiling mechanism 1 is hung and installed Π-shaped frame 2, main shaft 6 is rotatably supported and installed on the opposite two sides vertical wallboard of Π-shaped frame 2, conical disc-shaped furrow plastic compacting wheel 9 is fixed on the middle part of main shaft 6 inside the two sides vertical wallboard of Π-shaped frame 2, cylindrical bed plastic compacting roller 8 is rotatably respectively sleeved on the main shaft 6 at the two side parts of conical disc-shaped furrow plastic compacting wheel 9, seat plate 7 is rotatably respectively sleeved on the main shaft 6 between the two sides vertical wallboard of Π-shaped frame 2 and opposite cylindrical bed plastic compacting roller 8, seat plate 7 is fixed with Π-shaped frame 2 by fastener group 4, gear shaft support plate 16 is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft 6 at the inner part of cylindrical bed plastic compacting roller 8 groove, gear shaft I 112 and gear shaft II 114 are respectively supported and inserted on the opposite arranged seat plate 7 and gear shaft support plate 16, cylindrical gear I 111 and cylindrical gear II 113 are rotatably sleeved on gear shaft I 112 and gear shaft II 114 respectively, inner ring gear 10 is fixed on the circumferential inner wall surface of cylindrical bed plastic compacting roller 8, cylindrical gear III 115 is fixed on the main shaft 6, speed controller 3 and stepper motor 5 are fixed on seat plate 7, driving cylindrical gear 17 is fixed on the power output shaft of stepper motor 5, driving cylindrical gear 17 is engaged with inner ring gear 10, cylindrical gear I 111 is engaged with inner ring gear 10 and cylindrical gear II 113 respectively, cylindrical gear III 115 is engaged with cylindrical gear II 113;The transmission ratio of cylindrical gear I 111 and cylindrical gear III 115 is speed-up ratio;The diameter size of conical disc-shaped furrow plastic compacting wheel 9 is greater than the diameter size of cylindrical bed plastic compacting roller 8;Speed controller 3 is composed of GPS module 3-1, microcontroller 3-2, key module 3-3, display screen 3-4 and motor driver 3-5, microcontroller 3-2 is communicated with GPS module 3-1, key module 3-3, display screen 3-4 and motor driver 3-5 by wire respectively, wire communicates stepper motor 5 with motor driver 3-5 of speed controller 3.

[0016] When working, the speed controller 3 is powered by the built-in battery of the tractor installed with a 12V-to-5V power conversion module, and the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism 1 is used to install the device as a whole on the corresponding position of the seeding machine and move forward randomly. Under the combined action of the gravity of the device and the elastic force of the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism 1, the cylindrical seedbed plasticizing and compacting roller 8 and the conical disc-shaped seed furrow plasticizing and compacting wheel 9 are in close contact with the soil. During the operation of the device with the seeding machine, the stepping motor 5 provides power, the motor shaft of the stepping motor 5 drives the driving cylindrical gear 17 fixed thereon to rotate, the driving cylindrical gear 17 drives the inner ring gear 10 and the cylindrical seedbed plasticizing and compacting roller 8 fixed on the inner ring gear 10 to rotate on the main shaft 6. While the cylindrical seedbed plasticizing and compacting roller 8 performs and completes the compacting operation on the soil at the seedbed site, the rotating inner ring gear 10 drives the main shaft 6 to rotate in turn through the cylindrical gear I 11, the cylindrical gear II 13, and the cylindrical gear III 15, the rotating main shaft 6 drives the conical disc-shaped seed furrow plasticizing and compacting wheel 9 to rotate in the same direction as the cylindrical seedbed plasticizing and compacting roller 8, and the conical disc-shaped seed furrow plasticizing and compacting wheel 9 with a diameter larger than the cylindrical seedbed plasticizing and compacting roller 8 compacts a triangular seed furrow in the middle part of the seedbed. Based on the speed ratio between the cylindrical gear I 11 and the cylindrical gear III 15 being an increasing ratio, the conical disc-shaped seed furrow plasticizing and compacting wheel 9 with faster rotational speed and linear speed generates relative sliding and rubbing and rubbing and compacting effects on the side wall and bottom wall of the seed furrow, making the soil in the seed furrow more compact and firm, and the shape of the seed furrow more accurate. The speed controller 3 monitors the real-time forward speed of the seeding machine through the GPS module 3-1 and automatically adjusts and controls the rotational speed of the stepping motor 5, so that the circumferential linear speed of the cylindrical seedbed plasticizing and compacting roller 8 is consistent with the forward speed of the seeding machine, and the device does not slip and block the soil during the operation process, ensuring the normal operation of the machine.

Claims

1. A pre-sowing bed furrow compacting and moulding device, characterised in that: The parallel four-bar linkage copying mechanism (1) is hung and installed below the Π-shaped frame (2), the main shaft (6) is rotatably supported and installed on the opposite two side vertical wall plates of the Π-shaped frame (2), the conical disc-shaped seed furrow plastic shaping and compacting wheel (9) is fixedly installed on the middle part of the main shaft (6) located inside the two side vertical wall plates of the Π-shaped frame (2), the cylindrical seedbed plastic shaping and compacting roller (8) is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft (6) at the positions opposite to the two side parts of the conical disc-shaped seed furrow plastic shaping and compacting wheel (9), the seat plate (7) is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft (6) at the positions between the two side vertical wall plates of the Π-shaped frame (2) and the opposite cylindrical seedbed plastic shaping and compacting roller (8), the seat plate (7) is fixedly connected with the Π-shaped frame (2) through the fastener group (4), the gear shaft supporting plate (16) is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft (6) at the position inside the groove of the cylindrical seedbed plastic shaping and compacting roller (8), the gear shaft I (12) and the gear shaft II (14) are supported and inserted on the opposite seat plates (7) and the gear shaft supporting plate (16) and are parallel to each other, the cylindrical gear I (11) and the cylindrical gear II (13) are rotatably sleeved on the gear shaft I (12) and the gear shaft II (14) respectively, the inner ring gear (10) is fixedly installed on the circumferential inner wall of the cylindrical seedbed plastic shaping and compacting roller (8), the cylindrical gear III (15) is fixedly installed on the main shaft (6), the speed controller (3) and the stepping motor (5) are fixedly installed on the seat plate (7), the driving cylindrical gear (17) is fixedly installed on the power output shaft of the stepping motor (5), the driving cylindrical gear (17) is engaged with the inner ring gear (10), the cylindrical gear I (11) is engaged with the inner ring gear (10) and the cylindrical gear II (13) respectively, the cylindrical gear III (15) is engaged with the cylindrical gear II (13); the transmission ratio of the cylindrical gear I (11) to the cylindrical gear III (15) is the speed-up ratio; the diameter of the conical disc-shaped seed furrow plastic shaping and compacting wheel (9) is larger than the diameter of the cylindrical seedbed plastic shaping and compacting roller (8); the speed controller (3) is composed of a GPS module (3-1), a microcontroller (3-2), a key module (3-3), a display screen (3-4) and a motor driver (3-5), the microcontroller (3-2) is in communication with the GPS module (3-1), the key module (3-3), the display screen (3-4) and the motor driver (3-5) through wires, the wires make the stepping motor (5) in communication with the motor driver (3-5) of the speed controller (3), so that the circumferential linear speed of the cylindrical seedbed plastic shaping and compacting roller (8) is consistent with the forward speed of the seeding machine.

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