Aeration control system and method for aerated grit chamber based on redundant air volume of aerobic tank

Abstract

A control system and method for realizing aeration of an aerated grit chamber based on redundant air volume of an aerobic tank, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment, data collection, transmission to a central control system and a computer through switches I, II and III; calculation of required aeration air volume, redundant air volume and aeration volume of an aerobic tank: obtaining required air volume, redundant air volume and aeration volume of an aerated grit chamber; determination and processing of the air-water ratio of an aerated grit chamber: achieving consistency between the displayed value of a branch flow meter and the calculated value of aeration volume of an aerated grit chamber; determination and processing of the air volume of a blower: a computer comprehensively analyzes the redundant air volume of an aerobic tank and the aeration volume of an aerated grit chamber, determines and processes the air volume of a blower, and realizes aeration volume control of an aerated grit chamber by increasing or decreasing the speed of a blower. The precise aeration efficiency of an aerated grit chamber is improved, energy is saved and consumption is reduced, the grit chamber effect is optimized and the treated water quality is improved; unnecessary energy and carbon source consumption is reduced, and the operating cost of a sewage treatment plant is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an aeration control system and a method for realizing an aeration grit chamber based on redundant air volume of an aerobic tank, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment and environmental protection engineering. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, environmental protection requirements have become increasingly stringent, sewage treatment technology has continued to develop, and improving the level of refined management of sewage treatment plants has become an industry consensus and direction of effort. However, although the industry attaches importance to the refined control and improvement of the process of biochemical treatment and deep treatment, it often ignores the important role of the pretreatment stage in the efficient, economical and stable operation of sewage treatment plants.

[0003] As an important pretreatment link, the aerated grit chamber is used to remove inorganic particles such as sand from sewage to protect the normal operation of subsequent treatment equipment. Achieving precise aeration is of great significance to improving treatment efficiency, reducing energy consumption and optimizing overall process operation. Under the dual pressures of high-standard emissions of effluent total nitrogen and energy conservation and consumption reduction, the traditional "pre-aeration and pre-oxygenation" functions are no longer suitable for new requirements, and there is an urgent need for low-oxygen, low-energy consumption and high-efficiency refined operation. As the core process unit of the pretreatment section, the aerated grit chamber is becoming increasingly important in the refined control of sewage treatment plants. Only by optimizing this link can the overall efficient, economical and stable operation of sewage treatment plants be promoted.

[0004] At present, aerated grit chambers and aerobic tanks in sewage treatment plants are usually designed with independent blowers and aeration systems. Aerated grit chambers mostly use Roots aeration blowers, which have problems such as low efficiency, high noise, high energy consumption level and extensive control. They cannot be accurately adjusted according to the real-time changes in the influent volume, and are prone to insufficient or excessive aeration. Insufficient aeration affects the sand removal effect, while excessive aeration increases energy consumption and operating costs, and also makes the dissolved oxygen in the effluent higher, affecting the effluent total nitrogen standard and causing ineffective loss of carbon source. Aerobic tanks generally use large air volume, high-efficiency centrifugal or suspended blowers, which are relatively flexible to control. However, in actual operation, due to the deviation of the influent load from the design, fluctuations in water quality and water volume, blower surge and operation control methods, the blower air volume does not match the process. Although there are mitigation measures such as reducing the speed and choosing to bypass the condensate pipe for direct discharge, there is still a situation where dissolved oxygen cannot be regulated and energy is wasted, which causes a certain amount of redundant air volume in the aerobic tank during operation due to changes in process design or actual working conditions. Based on this, through real-time monitoring and data analysis of the air volume in the aerobic tank, it is proposed to introduce redundant air volume into the aerated grit tank on the premise of meeting the needs of the aerobic tank. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems of inaccurate aeration control in an aerated grit tank in existing sewage treatment technologies, which leads to energy waste and poor treatment effect, the present invention proposes an aeration control system and method for an aerated grit tank based on redundant air volume of an aerobic tank. On the one hand, the precise aeration efficiency of the aerated grit tank is improved, thereby achieving the goals of energy saving and consumption reduction, optimizing grit settling effect and improving treated water quality; on the other hand, unnecessary energy and carbon source consumption is reduced, thereby reducing the operating cost of the sewage treatment plant; at the same time, the overall refined operation and management level of the sewage treatment plant is further optimized.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an aeration control system for an aeration grit chamber based on redundant air volume of an aerobic tank, comprising a central control system, a computer, a switch I, a switch II, a switch III, a PLC I, a PLC II, a PLC III, and an ammonia nitrogen detector, a COD detector, a suspended matter detector and a water inlet flow meter arranged on a pipe connecting a grille and an aeration grit chamber, the aeration grit chamber being connected to an aerobic tank through a pipe, a sand scraping bridge, a dissolved oxygen detection instrument I and a plurality of perforated aeration pipes being arranged in the aeration grit chamber, each perforated aeration pipe being connected to a branch pipe manual regulating valve II, and a dissolved oxygen detection instrument I and a plurality of perforated aeration pipes being arranged in the aerobic tank. Deoxygenation detection instrument II, sludge concentration detection instrument and multiple microporous aeration heads, multiple microporous aeration heads are arranged at intervals on the aeration head pipe, one end of the aeration main pipe is connected to the aeration head pipe, and the other end of the aeration main pipe is connected to the gas source pipe through the main pipe electric regulating valve, the main pipe manual regulating valve, the main pipe pressure transmitter, the main pipe thermometer and the main pipe flowmeter in sequence, and the gas source pipe is connected to multiple electric butterfly valves, each electric butterfly valve is connected to a blower through a check valve; it also includes an aeration branch pipe, a branch pipe manual regulating valve I, a branch pipe electric regulating valve, a branch pipe flowmeter, a branch pipe pressure transmitter, a branch pipe thermometer, and a branch pipe check valve;

[0007] One end of the aeration branch pipe is connected to a plurality of branch pipe manual regulating valves II through a connecting pipe, and the other end of the aeration branch pipe is connected to the aeration main pipe through a branch pipe check valve, a branch pipe electric regulating valve, and a branch pipe manual regulating valve I in sequence. A branch pipe thermometer, a branch pipe pressure transmitter, and a branch pipe flowmeter are provided in sequence on the aeration branch pipe between the branch pipe check valve and the branch pipe electric regulating valve;

[0008] The circuit connection is as follows: switch III is connected to switch I, switch II, central control system and computer respectively, switch I is connected to switch II, switch I is connected to COD detector, suspended matter detector, water inlet flow meter, dissolved oxygen detector I and ammonia nitrogen detector respectively through PLC I, switch II is connected to PLC II and PLC III respectively, the PLC II is connected to dissolved oxygen detector II, main pipe electric regulating valve, main pipe flow meter, main pipe pressure transmitter, main pipe thermometer, sludge concentration detection instrument and multiple blowers respectively, the PLC III is connected to branch pipe electric regulating valve, branch pipe flow meter, branch pipe pressure transmitter and branch pipe thermometer respectively.

[0009] A method for controlling aeration in an aerated grit chamber based on redundant air volume in an aerobic tank, the steps are as follows:

[0010] Step 1: Data collection: PLCⅠ collects data from COD detector, ammonia nitrogen detector, and water inlet flowmeter, and transmits them to the central control system and computer through switch Ⅰ and switch Ⅲ; PLCⅡ collects data from main flowmeter, sludge concentration detection instrument and multiple blowers, and PLCⅢ collects data from branch pipe electric regulating valve, branch pipe flowmeter, branch pipe pressure transmitter and branch pipe thermometer, and transmits them to the central control system and computer through switch Ⅱ and switch Ⅲ respectively;

[0011] Step 2, calculation of the required air volume, redundant air volume and aeration volume of the aeration grit chamber for aerobic tank aeration: the computer calculates the required air volume for aerobic tank aeration based on the data collected from the COD detector, water inlet flow meter, ammonia nitrogen detector and sludge concentration detector (32) to obtain the required air volume;

[0012] The computer recalculates the redundant air volume of the aerobic pool by combining the collected main flow meter data with the aeration demand air volume value of the aerobic pool to obtain the redundant air volume;

[0013] Input the target air-water ratio q / Q value into the aerated grit chamber, and multiply the target air-water ratio q / Q value by the inlet flow data value collected by the inlet flow meter to calculate the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber;

[0014] Step 3, determination and processing of the air-water ratio of the aerated grit chamber: the computer feeds back the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber to the branch pipe electric regulating valve, branch pipe flow meter, branch pipe pressure transmitter, and branch pipe thermometer through switch III, switch II, and PLC III, and increases or decreases the opening of the branch pipe electric regulating valve to achieve consistency between the displayed value of the branch pipe flow meter and the calculated value of the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber;

[0015] Step 4: Determine and process the blower air volume: When the branch flow meter display value is consistent with the calculated value of the aeration volume of the aeration grit tank, the computer conducts a comprehensive analysis of the redundant air volume of the aerobic tank and the aeration volume of the aeration grit tank, determines and processes the blower air volume, and controls the aeration volume of the aeration grit tank by increasing or decreasing the blower speed.

[0016] The calculation formula for the required air volume of aeration in the aerobic pool is:

[0017] Aerobic pool aeration demand air volume = 0.7 × Q × (BOD 进 -BOD 出 )+0.16×X×V+4.57×Q×(NH3-N 进 -NH3-N 出 );

[0018] In the formula, 0.7 means that 0.7 kg of oxygen is required to remove 1 kg of BOD;

[0019] Q is the flow rate of the water inlet flow meter;

[0020] BOD 进 BOD is the five-day biochemical oxygen demand of the influent water. 进 The value is 0.3COD 进；

[0021] BOD 出 BOD is the five-day biochemical oxygen demand of the effluent from the aerobic pool; 出 The value is very low, take 0.7mg / L;

[0022] 0.16 means that each kilogram of aerobic sludge requires 0.16 kg of oxygen for its own respiration;

[0023] X is the sludge concentration in the aerobic tank;

[0024] V is the volume of the aerobic tank;

[0025] 4.57 means 4.57 kg of oxygen is required to remove 1 kg of ammonia nitrogen;

[0026] NH3-N 进 Ammonia nitrogen in the influent;

[0027] NH3-N 出 The ammonia nitrogen in the effluent from the aerobic pool has a very low value of 0.2 mg / L.

[0028] The calculation formula for the redundant air volume of the aerobic pool is:

[0029] Redundant air volume of aerobic pool = air volume value of main flow meter - aeration demand air volume value of aerobic pool.

[0030] The target air-water ratio q / Q is formulated as follows: q / Q=branch flow meter air volume value / water inlet flow meter flow value.

[0031] The method for achieving consistency between the displayed value of the branch pipe flow meter and the calculated value of the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber is as follows: the branch pipe flow meter displays the aeration volume value of the aerated grit chamber, and if the displayed value of the air-water ratio q / Q at the current moment is equal to the target air-water ratio q / Q value, the opening of the branch pipe electric regulating valve maintains the opening at the previous moment; if the water inflow increases or decreases so that the displayed value of the air-water ratio q / Q at the current moment is less than or greater than the target air-water ratio q / Q value, the computer feeds back the control signal to the branch pipe electric regulating valve through the switch III, the switch II, and the PLC III, and controls the aeration volume and aeration intensity distribution of the perforated aeration pipe by automatically adjusting the opening size of the branch pipe electric regulating valve and assisting in manually adjusting the opening size of each branch pipe manual regulating valve II, so that the wind pressure value displayed by the branch pipe pressure transmitter and the dissolved oxygen value displayed by the dissolved oxygen detection instrument I meet the operation control requirements of the aerated grit chamber, so that the actual air-water ratio q / Q is consistent with the target air-water ratio q / Q, and the sand removal effect of the aerated grit chamber is achieved.

[0032] The method for determining and processing the air volume of the blower is as follows: if the redundant air volume of the aerobic tank is equal to the aeration air volume of the aeration grit tank, the computer will feed back the control signal to the blower through the switch III, the switch II, and the PLC II without adjusting the air volume; if the redundant air volume of the aerobic tank is less than or greater than the aeration air volume of the aeration grit tank, the computer will feed back the control signal to the blower through the switch III, the switch II, and the PLC II, and the aeration volume of the aeration grit tank is achieved by increasing or decreasing the blower speed.

[0033] The technical effects and benefits of the present invention are as follows: 1. The aerated grit chamber can realize the real-time and accurate automatic adjustment of the aeration volume as the water inlet fluctuates according to the constant target air-water ratio q / Q value. With the help of the branch pipe electric regulating valve on the aeration branch pipe, the opening size is automatically adjusted, and the manual adjustment of the opening size of each branch pipe manual regulating valve Ⅱ is assisted to accurately control the aeration volume and aeration intensity distribution. At the same time, the aerated grit chamber is zoned and controlled. The branch pipe manual regulating valve Ⅱ is used to set an independent control perforated aeration pipe, so that the aeration intensity gradually decreases along the water flow direction. The aeration intensity is the largest in the water inlet area due to the high sand content, and the aeration volume is the smallest in the water outlet area, meeting the requirements of refined operation control. This innovative measure avoids the problem of excessive dissolved oxygen in the effluent due to excessive aeration, and effectively saves the loss of high-quality and fast carbon sources in the influent. After the transformation, the average value of the dissolved oxygen detection instrument Ⅰ of the effluent of the aerated grit chamber decreased by 0.99mg / L and stabilized at 0.5-0.9mg / L, which had almost no effect on the anaerobic and anoxic zones of the subsequent biological pool. According to the theoretical calculation of denitrification, the carbon source consumption of the influent and the denitrification capacity of the process system increased by 3.3 mg / LCOD and 0.90 mg / L respectively after the transformation. According to the actual treatment scale of 132,000 tons / day and the market price of sodium acetate of 1,000 yuan / ton, 807 tons of sodium acetate reagents can be saved throughout the year, and the cost of ineffective carbon source reagents can be saved by about 807,000 yuan. This method effectively avoids excessive aeration, reduces unnecessary energy consumption and reduces operating costs while ensuring the treatment effect. The results are remarkable, and the efficient, stable and low-cost refined operation of the aerated grit chamber is realized, providing a solid guarantee for the continuous stability and compliance of the sewage treatment process.

[0034] 2. The air source of the aeration grit chamber is the air source of the aerobic tank blower, which organically combines the aeration grit chamber with the aerobic tank blower, greatly increasing the range of the blower system's high efficiency and adjustability. It not only successfully solves the key problem of the ineffective loss of redundant air volume in the aerobic tank and the inability to effectively adjust the dissolved oxygen detection instrument II in the aerobic tank, but also comprehensively optimizes the operation mode of the aeration blower in the sewage treatment plant, making it more efficient and energy-saving; at the same time, it also adds a technical channel for the refined control of dissolved oxygen in the aerobic tank. In actual application, the pressure of the aeration main pipe at the blower outlet was reduced by 4.95Kpa, a reduction of 6.16%. Combined with the calculation formula for "average unit aerobic pollutant reduction of aeration system" in the group standard "Evaluation Requirements for the "Ranking List" of Fine Operation and Management of Urban Sewage Treatment Plants", after on-site production performance testing, under the same water quality and water volume during the same period, the average unit aerobic pollutant reduction of the aeration system power consumption decreased by 0.023kw‧h / kg year-on-year. According to the actual treatment scale of 132,000 tons / day and the unit price of electricity of 0.75 yuan / ton, 423,000 kWh of electricity can be saved annually, and 317,000 yuan of electricity cost for blowers can be saved annually. By making full use of the redundant air volume resources that might have been wasted in the aerobic pool, efficient use of energy is achieved, greatly reducing the energy consumption of the sewage treatment plant.

[0035] 3. After the air source of the aerobic pool blower was introduced into the aeration grit chamber, the Roots blower in the aeration grit chamber equipment room was stopped, saving 154,600 yuan in blower operation electricity and daily repair and maintenance costs each year. The "noise" occupational disease hazard factor in the equipment room area was completely eliminated, the source control was achieved, the equipment process energy efficiency ratio was improved, and old and inefficient energy-consuming equipment was eliminated.

[0036] 4. In this technical transformation, a diamond throttle valve is used as the electric regulating valve on the aeration branch pipe. This diamond throttle valve can effectively reduce the pressure and flow of the fluid passing through, so that the flow rate can be accurately matched with the system requirements. Based on the unique functions of the throttle valve for load resistance and pressure buffering, the throttle valve and the one-way valve are innovatively used in parallel to form a one-way throttle valve. This one-way throttle valve plays a vital role in practical applications and can accurately control the flow and quality of the fluid; at the same time, the branch pipe flowmeter uses a thermal gas mass flowmeter with fast response speed and high accuracy, which provides strong technical support for better realizing the intelligent and precise aeration control strategy of the aeration grit chamber. Through this innovative measure, not only the operating efficiency and stability of the aeration grit chamber are improved, but also the energy consumption and operating costs are significantly reduced.

[0037] 5. Compared with the traditional aerated grit chamber, the precise aeration control strategy adopted by the present invention can automatically adjust the air volume of the aerated grit chamber according to the water intake. Under the premise of achieving the same treatment effect, the air volume is significantly reduced from 28795m³ per day to below 10575m³, and the actual air volume consumption is reduced by up to 63%; from this study, it is concluded that the most energy-saving air-water ratio of the aerated grit chamber is 0.06~0.09, which is better than the standard of "Outdoor Drainage Design Standard" GB50014-2021 that the aeration volume of each cubic meter of sewage treated by the aerated grit chamber should be between 0.1m³ and 0.2m³ (i.e., the air-water ratio is 0.1-0.2). This measure also effectively reduces the amount of harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia in the sewage that are blown off and released, greatly reduces environmental risks, plays a good protective role in the surrounding environment, and thus produces significant environmental benefits.

[0038] In summary, the technical transformation of the present invention brings about significant benefits in many aspects.

[0039] In terms of economic benefits, the sewage treatment plant saves a total of 1.28 million yuan each year in electricity costs, equipment maintenance costs, and chemical costs, which greatly reduces operating costs and provides strong economic support for the sustainable development of the enterprise.

[0040] From the perspective of environmental benefits, this technical transformation reduces the release of harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia in sewage, eliminates the occupational hazard factor of "noise", reduces environmental risks, and protects the surrounding environment and personal health. At the same time, through precise aeration control, energy consumption is greatly reduced, thereby reducing pollutant emissions related to energy production, which plays a positive role in ecological environmental protection. After calculation, a total of 1,710 tons of carbon dioxide emissions were reduced, further practicing the concept of low-carbon emission reduction and carbon emission reduction benefits.

[0041] In terms of social benefits, this technical transformation provides other sewage treatment plants with successful experience that can be used as a reference, and helps promote the technological progress and sustainable development of the entire sewage treatment industry. If this solution is considered during the construction period of the sewage treatment system, it can also save the purchase cost of the blower for the aerated grit chamber and the subsequent operating costs, saving resources and reducing costs for society.

[0042] In summary, the present invention provides an efficient and feasible solution for the optimized operation of sewage treatment plants. It makes full use of advanced monitoring technology and intelligent control algorithms, taps into the redundant air volume resources of the aerobic pool, dynamically adjusts the aeration volume according to the real-time changes in the influent water quality and water volume, realizes precise aeration control and efficient use of energy, improves the treatment effect, and reduces energy consumption. This technology has broad application prospects and huge promotion value, and is expected to bring new changes and developments to the field of sewage treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 A block diagram of system connections for implementing the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 A circuit connection block diagram for implementing the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the implementation method of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 1. Grid; 2. COD detector; 3. Suspended matter detector; 4. Inlet flow meter; 5. Aerated grit chamber; 6. Dissolved oxygen detector I; 7. Aerobic tank; 8. Microporous aeration head; 8-1. Aeration head pipe;

[0047] 9. Dissolved oxygen detection instrument II; 10. Secondary sedimentation tank; 11. Deep processing unit; 12. Main pipe electric regulating valve; 13. Main pipe manual regulating valve; 14. Main pipe pressure transmitter; 15. Main pipe thermometer; 16. Main pipe flowmeter; 17. Aeration main pipe; 17-1. Air source pipe; 18. Electric butterfly valve; 19. Check valve; 20. Blower; 21. Aeration branch pipe; 21-1. Connecting pipe; 22. Branch pipe manual regulating valve I; 23. Branch pipe electric regulating valve; 24. Branch pipe flowmeter; 25. Branch pipe pressure transmitter; 26. Branch pipe thermometer; 27. Branch pipe check valve; 28. Branch pipe manual regulating valve II; 29. ​​Perforated aeration pipe; 30. Sand scraping bridge; 31. Ammonia nitrogen detector; 32. Sludge concentration detection instrument. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, an aeration control system for an aeration grit chamber based on redundant air volume of an aerobic tank comprises a grille 1, a COD detector 2, a suspended solids detector 3, a water inlet flow meter 4, an aeration grit chamber 5, a dissolved oxygen detection instrument I 6, an aerobic tank 7, a microporous aeration head 8, a dissolved oxygen detection instrument II 9, a secondary sedimentation tank 10, a deep processing unit 11, a main electric regulating valve 12, a main manual regulating valve 13, a main pressure transmitter 14, a main thermometer 15, a main flow meter 16, an aeration main pipe 17, an electric butterfly valve 18, a main valve 20, a main valve 21, a main valve 22, a main valve 23, a main valve 24, a main valve 25, a main valve 26, a main valve 27, a main valve 28, a main valve 29, a main valve 30, a main valve 31, a main valve 32, a main valve 33, a main valve 34, a main valve 35, a main valve 36, a main valve 37, a main valve 38, a main valve 39, a main valve 40, a main valve 41, a main valve 42, a main valve 43, a main valve 44, a main valve 45, a main valve 46, a main valve 47, a main valve 48, a main valve 49, a main valve 50, a main valve 51, a main valve 52, a main valve 53, a main valve 54, a main valve 55, a main valve 56, a main valve 57, a main valve 58, a main valve 59, a main valve 60, a main valve 61, a main valve 62, a main valve 63, a main valve 64, a main valve 65, a main valve 66, a main valve Valve 18, check valve 19, blower 20, branch pipe manual regulating valve II 28, perforated aeration pipe 29, sand scraping bridge 30, ammonia nitrogen detector 31, sludge concentration detection instrument 32, central control system, computer, switch I, switch II, switch III, PLC I, PLC II and PLC III; also includes aeration branch pipe 21, branch pipe manual regulating valve I 22, branch pipe electric regulating valve 23, branch pipe flow meter 24, branch pipe pressure transmitter 25, branch pipe thermometer 26, branch pipe check valve 27.

[0049] The influent is connected to the deep treatment unit 11 through the grille 1, the influent flow meter 4, the aerated grit chamber 5, the aerobic tank 7, the secondary sedimentation tank 10 in sequence. An ammonia nitrogen detector 31, a COD detector 2 and a suspended matter detector 3 are arranged in sequence on the pipeline between the grille 1 and the influent flow meter 4. A dissolved oxygen detector Ⅰ6, a sand scraping bridge 30 and a plurality of perforated aeration pipes 29 are arranged in the aerated grit chamber 5. Each perforated aeration pipe 29 is connected to a branch pipe manual regulating valve Ⅱ28. A dissolved oxygen detector Ⅱ9, a sludge concentration detector 32 and a plurality of microporous aeration heads 8 are arranged in the aerobic tank 7. A plurality of microporous aeration heads 8 are arranged at intervals on the aeration head pipe 8-1, the aeration head pipe 8-1 is connected to one end of the aeration main pipe 17, the other end of the aeration main pipe 17 passes through the aerobic tank 7 and is connected to the gas source pipe 17-1 through the main pipe electric regulating valve 12 and the main pipe manual regulating valve 13 in sequence, and a main pipe pressure transmitter 14, a main pipe thermometer 15 and a main pipe flowmeter 16 are arranged in sequence on the pipeline between the main pipe manual regulating valve 13 and the gas source pipe 17-1, and a plurality of electric butterfly valves 18 are connected to the gas source pipe 17-1 at intervals, and each electric butterfly valve 18 is connected to a blower 20 through a check valve 19;

[0050] One end of the aeration branch pipe 21 is connected to a plurality of branch pipe manual regulating valves II 28 through a connecting pipe 21-1, and the other end of the aeration branch pipe 21 is connected to the aeration main pipe 17 through a branch pipe check valve 27, a branch pipe electric regulating valve 23, and a branch pipe manual regulating valve I 22 in sequence. A branch pipe thermometer 26, a branch pipe pressure transmitter 25, and a branch pipe flowmeter 24 are provided in sequence on the aeration branch pipe 21 between the branch pipe check valve 27 and the branch pipe electric regulating valve 23;

[0051] The circuit connection is as follows: switch III is connected to switch I, switch II, central control system and computer respectively; switch I is connected to switch II; switch I is connected to COD detector 2, suspended solids detector 3, water inlet flow meter 4, dissolved oxygen detector I6 and ammonia nitrogen detector 31 respectively through PLC I; switch II is connected to PLC II and PLC III respectively.

[0052] PLCⅡ is respectively connected to the dissolved oxygen detection instrument Ⅱ9, the main electric regulating valve 12, the main flow meter 16, the main pressure transmitter 14, the main thermometer 15, the sludge concentration detection instrument 32 and multiple blowers 20, and the PLCⅢ is respectively connected to the branch electric regulating valve 23, the branch flow meter 24, the branch pressure transmitter 25 and the branch thermometer 26.

[0053] The screen 1 is used to intercept larger suspended solids and floating objects in sewage, protect subsequent treatment equipment and improve treatment efficiency;

[0054] The COD detector 2 and the ammonia nitrogen detector 31 are used to detect COD and ammonia nitrogen indicators in sewage;

[0055] The suspended matter detector 3 is used to detect the suspended matter index in sewage;

[0056] The water inlet flow meter 4 is used to measure the water inlet of the aerated grit chamber 5 and the aerobic tank 7, which is represented by "Q";

[0057] The aerated grit chamber 5 is an aerated grit chamber for sedimentation and removal of grit particles;

[0058] Dissolved oxygen detection instrument Ⅰ6 is used to detect dissolved oxygen at the end of aerated grit chamber 5;

[0059] The aerobic tank 7 is used for aerobic biological treatment of sewage;

[0060] The microporous aeration head 8 is a device for quickly and evenly supplying oxygen to the sewage in the aerobic tank 7, thereby promoting the growth and reproduction of aerobic microorganisms in the activated sludge;

[0061] The dissolved oxygen detection instrument II 9 is used to detect the dissolved oxygen at the end of the aerobic tank 7;

[0062] The secondary sedimentation tank 10 is used for mud-water separation, maintaining microbial concentration and ensuring effluent water quality;

[0063] The deep treatment unit 11 is used to further purify the sewage to ensure that the effluent quality meets the discharge standard or reuse requirements;

[0064] The main electric regulating valve 12 is used to control the air flow, wind pressure and temperature supplied to the aerobic pool 7 by adjusting the valve opening;

[0065] The main manual regulating valve 13 is used to provide a backup means for controlling the air flow, wind pressure and temperature supplied to the aerobic pool 7;

[0066] The main pipe pressure transmitter 14 is used to monitor the wind pressure of the aeration main pipe 17;

[0067] The main pipe thermometer 15 is used to monitor the temperature of the aeration main pipe 17;

[0068] The main flow meter 16 is used to measure the air volume supplied to the aerobic pool;

[0069] The aeration main pipe 17 is used to transport oxygen to the aeration device in the pool after being pressurized by the blower;

[0070] The electric butterfly valve 18 is used to control the flow, pressure and direction of the air medium in the pipeline;

[0071] The check valve 19 is used to prevent the gas or liquid medium from flowing back and to protect the blower equipment;

[0072] The blower 20 is used as air supply equipment for the aerated grit chamber 5 and the aerobic tank 7;

[0073] The aeration branch pipe 21 is used to transport oxygen to the perforated aeration pipe in the aeration grit chamber 5;

[0074] The branch pipe manual regulating valve I 22 is used as a backup regulating valve to control the air flow, wind pressure and temperature to the aeration grit chamber 5 when the branch pipe electric regulating valve 23 fails or malfunctions;

[0075] The branch pipe electric regulating valve 23 adjusts the opening according to the instruction of the PLC to control the air flow, wind pressure and temperature supplied to the aeration grit chamber 5;

[0076] The branch flow meter 24 is used to measure the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber, represented by "q", to determine whether the air-water ratio q / Q at the current moment is the target value;

[0077] The branch pipe pressure transmitter 25 is used to monitor the wind pressure leading to the aerated grit chamber;

[0078] The branch pipe thermometer 26 is used to monitor the temperature of the aeration branch pipe 21;

[0079] The branch pipe check valve 27 is used to prevent the gas or liquid medium in the aeration grit chamber 5 from flowing back and protect the blower 20;

[0080] The branch pipe manual regulating valve II 28 is used to assist the branch pipe electric regulating valve 23 in controlling the aeration volume and aeration intensity distribution of the aeration grit chamber;

[0081] The perforated aeration pipe 29 is a device for providing oxygen to the sewage in the aerated grit chamber 5, so as to promote the water flow in the chamber to be in a swirling motion, which is beneficial to the aerated grit chamber 5 to separate sand particles and organic matter;

[0082] The sand scraping bridge 30 is used to collect and transport solid particles such as inorganic sand particles precipitated from the aerated grit chamber;

[0083] The ammonia nitrogen detector 31 is used to detect the ammonia nitrogen index in sewage;

[0084] The sludge concentration detection instrument 32 is used to detect the sludge concentration in the aerobic tank 7;

[0085] The central control system is used to coordinate and control the operation of each subsystem and equipment, provide security protection and remote monitoring management;

[0086] Computers are used for data calculation and analysis, execution of precise aeration control algorithms, and storage and management data;

[0087] Switches I, II and III are responsible for transmitting signals based on data collected by PLC and data fed back after computer calculation.

[0088] PLCⅠ, PLCⅡ and PLCⅢ are responsible for collecting data and controlling signal instructions according to preset control strategies.

[0089] The inlet water enters the aeration grit chamber 5 through the grille 1 and the inlet flow meter 4 in turn, and a constant air-water ratio q / Q is maintained in the aeration grit chamber 5, so as to achieve precise control of the aeration volume of the aeration grit chamber 5 and a high-efficiency, stable and low-oxygen treatment effect. The effluent treated by the aeration grit chamber 5 passes through the aerobic tank 7 and the secondary sedimentation tank 10 in turn for biological treatment. The oxygen demand of the aeration grit chamber 5 and the aerobic tank 7 is provided by the blower 20. The oxygen passes through the check valve 19 and the electric butterfly valve 18 in turn, and is connected to the aeration branch pipe 21 through the aeration main pipe 17, and is adjusted by the branch pipe manual valve I in turn. 22, branch pipe electric regulating valve 23, branch pipe flow meter 24, branch pipe check valve 27, multiple branch pipe manual regulating valves II 28, multiple perforated aeration pipes 29 transfer oxygen to the sewage in the aeration grit chamber 5, causing the solid particles suspended in the water to settle down, and the sand scraping bridge 30 in the aeration grit chamber collects and transmits the solid particles outside the aeration grit chamber for disposal, so as to achieve efficient removal of inorganic sand and other solid particles in the sewage, and the branch pipe electric regulating valve 23 on the aeration branch pipe 21 automatically adjusts the opening size and assists in manually adjusting the opening size of each branch pipe manual regulating valve II 28 The aeration volume and aeration intensity distribution of the perforated aeration pipe 29 are controlled in a manner to ensure that the wind pressure displayed by the branch pipe pressure transmitter 25 on the aeration branch pipe 21 and the dissolved oxygen value displayed by the outlet dissolved oxygen detection instrument Ⅰ6 meet the refined operation control requirements of the aeration grit chamber 5 and achieve the consistency between the actual air-water ratio q / Q and the target air-water ratio q / Q; at the same time, another oxygen route is transmitted along the aeration main pipe 17, through the main pipe flow meter 16, the main pipe manual regulating valve 13, the main pipe electric regulating valve 12, and the microporous aeration head 8 in sequence, and the multiple microporous aeration heads 8 deliver the oxygen to the sewage in the aerobic tank 7. In the water, by adjusting the process parameters such as the dissolved oxygen detection instrument II9 and the sludge concentration detection instrument 32 in the aerobic tank, a suitable growth environment for microorganisms is maintained, which promotes the growth and reproduction of aerobic microorganisms in the activated sludge, the degradation of organic matter, and the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. The effluent treated by the aerobic tank 7 enters the secondary sedimentation tank 10, which separates the mud and water and maintains the microbial concentration. The effluent from the secondary sedimentation tank 10 enters the deep treatment unit 11 to further remove fine suspended matter, difficult-to-degrade organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in the water. The effluent water quality meets the discharge standards, thereby achieving sewage purification.

[0090] Embodiment 1, as Figure 3 As shown, a sewage treatment project;

[0091] The actual average daily water treatment capacity of the project is 132,000 tons / day, and the designed average daily water treatment capacity of the project is 150,000 tons / day. The project blower 20 adopts 5 multi-stage centrifugal blowers (power 315kw, frequency conversion, flow rate 190m³ / min, wind pressure 78Kpa), 3 of which are actually in use and 2 are spare. Low-frequency operation control can simultaneously meet the aeration volume of 5 aerated grit chambers and 7 aeration demand air volume of aerobic tanks, realize the precise aeration control strategy of the blower according to the process requirements, improve the equipment process energy efficiency ratio, make full use of the redundant air volume resources that might have been wasted in the aerobic tank, realize the efficient use of energy, and greatly reduce the energy consumption of the sewage treatment plant.

[0092] Step 1: Data collection.

[0093] PLCⅠ collects data from COD detector 2, ammonia nitrogen detector 31, water inlet flow meter 4 and dissolved oxygen detector Ⅰ6, and transmits them to the central control system and computer through switch Ⅰ and switch Ⅲ; PLCⅡ collects data from dissolved oxygen detector Ⅱ9, main electric regulating valve 12, main pressure transmitter 14, main thermometer 15, main flowmeter 16, sludge concentration detection instrument 32 and multiple blowers 20, and PLCⅢ collects data from branch electric regulating valve 23, branch flowmeter 24, branch pressure transmitter 25 and branch thermometer 26, and transmits them to the central control system and computer through switch Ⅱ and switch Ⅲ respectively.

[0094] Step 2: Calculate the required air volume, redundant air volume and aeration volume of the aeration grit chamber in the aerobic tank:

[0095] The computer calculates the required air volume for aeration of the aerobic tank 7 based on the data collected from the COD detector 2, the water inlet flow meter 4, the ammonia nitrogen detector 31, and the sludge concentration detection instrument 32 to obtain the required air volume;

[0096] The computer calculates the required air volume for aeration of the aerobic tank based on the data collected from the COD detector 2 of 280 mg / L, the water inlet flow meter 4 of 5500 m³ / h, the ammonia nitrogen detector 31 of 30 mg / L, and the sludge concentration detection instrument 32 of 3250 mg / L, and obtains the required air volume;

[0097] The calculation formula for the required air volume for aeration in aerobic pools is:

[0098] Aerobic pool aeration demand air volume = 0.7 × Q × (BOD 进 -BOD 出 )+0.16×X×V+4.57×Q×(NH3-N 进 -NH3-N 出 );

[0099] In the formula, 0.7 means that 0.7 kg of oxygen is required to remove 1 kg of BOD;

[0100] Q is the flow rate of water inlet flow meter 4, which is 5500m³ / h;

[0101] BOD 进 BOD is the five-day biochemical oxygen demand of the influent; 进 The value is 0.3COD 进 0.3*280mg / L ；

[0102] BOD 出 BOD is the five-day biochemical oxygen demand of the effluent from the aerobic pool; 出 The value is very low, take 0.7mg / L;

[0103] 0.16 means that each kilogram of aerobic sludge requires 0.16 kg of oxygen for its own respiration;

[0104] X is the sludge concentration in the aerobic pool, which is 3250 mg / L;

[0105] V is the volume of the aerobic pool, which is 60,000 m³;

[0106] 4.57 means 4.57 kg of oxygen is required to remove 1 kg of ammonia nitrogen;

[0107] NH3-N 进 The ammonia nitrogen in the influent is 30 mg / L;

[0108] NH3-N 出 The ammonia nitrogen in the effluent of the aerobic pool has a very low value of 0.2 mg / L;

[0109] Aerobic pool aeration required air volume = 0.7 × 5500 × (0.3 × 280-0.7) + 0.16 × 3250 × 60000 + 4.57 × 5500 × (30-0.2) = 32270 kg / h;

[0110] The air density is 1.29kg / m³, and the required air volume for aeration in the aerobic pool is 25015m³ / h;

[0111] The computer recalculates the redundant air volume of the aerobic pool based on the collected data of the main flow meter 16, which is 25500m³ / h, and the aeration demand air volume value of the aerobic pool, which is 25015m³ / h;

[0112] The calculation formula for redundant air volume in aerobic pool is:

[0113] Redundant air volume of aerobic pool = air volume value of main flow meter - aeration demand air volume value of aerobic pool;

[0114] Redundant air volume of aerobic pool = 25500m³ / h-25015m³ / h = 485m³ / h;

[0115] Input the target air-water ratio q / Q value of 0.08 into the aerated grit chamber 5, multiply the target air-water ratio q / Q value by the water inlet flow data value of 5500m³ / h collected by the water inlet flow meter 4, and calculate the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber;

[0116] Aeration volume of aerated grit chamber = 0.08 × 5500 m³ / h = 440 m³ / h.

[0117] Step 3, determination and processing of the air-water ratio of the aerated grit chamber: the computer feeds back the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber to the branch pipe electric regulating valve 23, the branch pipe flow meter 24, the branch pipe pressure transmitter 25, and the branch pipe thermometer 26 through the switch III, the switch II, and the PLC III, and increases or decreases the opening of the branch pipe electric regulating valve 23 to achieve consistency between the displayed value of the branch pipe flow meter 24 and the calculated value of the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber;

[0118] The branch pipe flow meter 24 shows that the aeration value of the aerated grit chamber is 440m³ / h. When the current air-water ratio q / Q display value is 0.08, which is equal to the target air-water ratio q / Q value 0.08, the branch pipe electric regulating valve 23 maintains the opening at the previous moment; if the water inflow is reduced to 3600m³ / h, so that the current air-water ratio q / Q display value is 0.12, which is greater than the target air-water ratio q / Q value 0.08, the branch pipe electric regulating valve 23 is automatically opened to achieve The actual air-water ratio q / Q is consistent with the target air-water ratio q / Q value of 0.08; if the water inflow increases to 6250m³ / h, so that the current air-water ratio q / Q display value is 0.07, which is less than the target air-water ratio q / Q value of 0.08, the opening of the branch pipe electric regulating valve 23 is automatically increased to achieve the actual air-water ratio q / Q of 0.08, which is consistent with the target air-water ratio q / Q value of 0.08; the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber is automatically adjusted in real time and accurately according to the fluctuation of the water inflow;

[0119] The combined adjustment method of automatically adjusting the opening size of the branch pipe electric regulating valve 23 on the aeration branch pipe 21 and manually adjusting the opening size of each branch pipe manual regulating valve II 28 can accurately control the aeration volume and aeration intensity distribution of the aeration grit chamber, and perform zoning control on the aeration grit chamber 5 (when the branch pipe electric regulating valve 23 fails or malfunctions, the branch pipe manual regulating valve I 22 is used to control the air supply flow, wind pressure and temperature to the aeration grit chamber 5). Independently controlled perforated aeration pipes 29 are respectively set through the branch pipe manual regulating valve II 28, and the aeration intensity gradually decreases according to the water flow direction. The aeration intensity is the largest in the water inlet area due to the high sand content, while the aeration volume is the smallest in the water outlet area. The pressure transmitter 25 is monitored to display the pressure of the branch pipe. The wind pressure value shown is 32Kpa, the temperature shown by the branch thermometer 26 is 69℃, and the dissolved oxygen value shown by the dissolved oxygen detection instrument Ⅰ6 is 0.65mg / L, all of which meet the refined operation control requirements of the aerated grit chamber 5, so that the aerated grit chamber 5 can always maintain an efficient and stable sand removal effect. Compared with the traditional aerated grit chamber, this precise control method avoids the occurrence of excessive aeration. Under the premise of ensuring efficient sand removal effect, it minimizes unnecessary energy consumption of the aerated grit chamber 5, reduces operating costs, and achieves significant results in cost reduction and efficiency improvement, thereby achieving stable, efficient, low-oxygen, and low-cost refined operation of the aerated grit chamber 5, providing a solid guarantee for the continuous, stable and standard operation of the sewage treatment process.

[0120] Step 4, blower air volume determination and processing: The oxygen demand of the aerated grit chamber 5 and the aerobic tank 7 is provided by the blower 20. The oxygen passes through the aeration main pipe 17, the check valve 19, the electric butterfly valve 18, and the aeration branch pipe 21. The oxygen is then transferred to the sewage in the aerated grit chamber 5 through the branch pipe manual regulating valve Ⅰ 22, the branch pipe electric regulating valve 23, the branch pipe flow meter 24, the branch pipe check valve 27, multiple branch pipe manual regulating valves Ⅱ 28, and multiple perforated aeration pipes 29. , which causes the solid particles suspended in the water to settle down, and are collected and transmitted to the outside of the aeration grit chamber by the scraping bridge 30 in the aeration grit chamber for disposal, so as to achieve efficient removal of solid particles such as inorganic sand particles in the sewage; at the same time, another oxygen route is along the aeration main pipe 17, and passes through the main pipe flow meter 16, the main pipe manual regulating valve 13, the main pipe electric regulating valve 12, and the microporous aeration head 8 in sequence, and the multiple microporous aeration heads 8 transmit oxygen to the sewage in the aerobic tank 7, and the dissolved oxygen detection instrument II 9 is used to monitor the aerobic The dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the aerobic pool 7 is measured. When the dissolved oxygen concentration is too low or too high, the computer feeds back the control signal to the blower 20 through the switch III, the switch II, and the PLC II. The air supply volume is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the speed of the blower 20 to control the aeration demand of the aerobic pool, maintain a suitable growth environment for microorganisms, promote the growth and reproduction of aerobic microorganisms in the activated sludge, degrade organic matter, and remove nitrogen and phosphorus. The effluent treated by the aerobic pool 7 enters the secondary sedimentation tank 10, which separates the mud and water and maintains the microbial concentration. The effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank 10 enters the deep treatment unit 11 to further remove fine suspended matter, difficult-to-degrade organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in the water. The effluent water quality meets the discharge standard and realizes the purification of sewage. When the display value of the branch flow meter 24 is consistent with the calculated value of the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber, the computer comprehensively analyzes the redundant air volume of the aerobic pool and the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber, and determines and processes the air volume of the blower. According to the above calculation, the redundant air volume of the aerobic pool is 485 m³ / h is greater than the aeration volume of the aeration grit chamber 440m³ / h, the computer will feed back the control signal to the blower 20 through the switch III, switch II, and PLC II, and reduce the air supply volume by reducing the speed of the blower 20; if the changes of the inlet COD detector 2 and the ammonia nitrogen detector 31 make the redundant air volume of the aerobic tank equal to the aeration volume of the aeration grit chamber, the computer will feed back the control signal to the blower 20 through the switch III, switch II, and PLC II without adjusting the air volume; if the changes of the inlet COD detector 2 and the ammonia nitrogen detector 31 make the redundant air volume of the aerobic tank less than the aeration volume of the aeration grit chamber, the computer will feed back the control signal to the blower 20 through the switch III, switch II, and PLC II, and increase the air supply volume by increasing the speed of the blower 20;At the same time, the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber 5 and the aeration volume of the aerobic tank 7 are met, and the aeration of the aerated grit chamber 5 is efficiently swirled to remove sand particles and the aerobic microorganisms in the aerobic tank 7 are used to treat sewage. The blower can realize precise aeration control strategy according to process requirements, improve the equipment process energy efficiency ratio, make full use of the redundant air volume resources that may have been wasted in the aerobic tank, realize efficient use of energy, and greatly reduce the energy consumption of the sewage treatment plant. ;

[0121] Step 5, sewage treatment process: the inlet water passes through the grille 1 and the water inlet flow meter 4 in turn and enters the aerated grit tank 5, and a constant air-water ratio q / Q is maintained in the aerated grit tank 5 to achieve precise control of the aeration volume of the aerated grit tank 5 and a high-efficiency, stable, and low-oxygen treatment effect. The aeration cyclone removes sand particles. The effluent treated by the aerated grit tank 5 enters the aerobic tank 7. The aerobic tank 7 uses aerobic microorganisms to grow and reproduce, degrade organic matter, remove nitrogen and phosphorus, and treat sewage. The effluent treated by the aerobic tank 7 enters the secondary sedimentation tank 10, and the secondary sedimentation tank 10 separates mud and water and maintains the microbial concentration. The effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank 10 enters the deep treatment unit 11 to further remove fine suspended matter, difficult-to-degrade organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in the water. The effluent water meets the discharge standards and achieves sewage purification.

Claims

1. A method for realizing an aeration control system of an aerated grit chamber based on redundant air volume of an aerobic tank, characterized in that: The control system includes a central control system, a computer, a switch I, a switch II, a switch III, a PLC I, a PLC II, a PLC III, and an ammonia nitrogen detector, a COD detector, a suspended matter detector and a water inlet flow meter arranged on a pipe connecting the grille and the aeration grit tank. The aeration grit tank is connected to the aerobic tank through a pipe. The aeration grit tank is provided with a sand scraping bridge, a dissolved oxygen detector I and a plurality of perforated aeration pipes. Each perforated aeration pipe is connected to a branch pipe manual regulating valve II. The aerobic tank is provided with a dissolved oxygen detector II, a sludge concentration detector A table and a plurality of microporous aeration heads, the plurality of microporous aeration heads are arranged at intervals on the aeration head pipe, one end of the aeration main pipe is connected to the aeration head pipe, the other end of the aeration main pipe is connected to the gas source pipe through the main pipe electric regulating valve, the main pipe manual regulating valve, the main pipe pressure transmitter, the main pipe thermometer and the main pipe flowmeter in sequence, the gas source pipe is connected to a plurality of electric butterfly valves, each electric butterfly valve is connected to a blower through a check valve; it also includes an aeration branch pipe, a branch pipe manual regulating valve I, a branch pipe electric regulating valve, a branch pipe flowmeter, a branch pipe pressure transmitter, a branch pipe thermometer, and a branch pipe check valve; The specific steps are as follows: Step 1, data collection; Step 2: Calculate the required air volume, redundant air volume and aeration volume of the aeration grit chamber in the aerobic tank; Step 3: Determination and treatment of the air-water ratio of the aerated grit chamber; Step 4: blower air volume determination and processing; The calculation formula for the required air volume of aeration in the aerobic pool is: Aerobic pool aeration demand air volume = 0.7 × Q × (BOD 进 -BOD 出 )+0.16×X×V+4.57×Q×(NH3-N 进 -NH3-N 出 ); Q is the flow rate of the water inlet flow meter; BOD 进 BOD is the five-day biochemical oxygen demand of the influent water. 进 The value is 0.3COD 进； BOD 出 BOD is the five-day biochemical oxygen demand of the effluent from the aerobic pool; 出 The value is very low, take 0.7mg / L; X is the sludge concentration in the aerobic tank; V is the volume of the aerobic tank; NH3-N 进 Ammonia nitrogen in the influent; NH3-N 出 The ammonia nitrogen in the effluent from the aerobic pool has a very low value of 0.2 mg / L.

2. The method for realizing an aeration control system of an aerated grit chamber based on redundant air volume of an aerobic tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, data collection is as follows: PLCⅠcollects data from COD detector, ammonia nitrogen detector, and water inlet flowmeter, and transmits them to the central control system and computer through switch Ⅰ and switch Ⅲ; PLCⅡcollects data from main flowmeter, sludge concentration detection instrument, and multiple blowers, and PLCⅢcollects data from branch pipe electric regulating valve, branch pipe flowmeter, branch pipe pressure transmitter, and branch pipe thermometer, and transmits them to the central control system and computer through switch Ⅱ and switch Ⅲ respectively; In the step 2, the required air volume, redundant air volume and aeration volume of the aeration grit chamber are calculated as follows: the computer calculates the required air volume of the aeration chamber based on the data collected from the COD detector, the water inlet flow meter, the ammonia nitrogen detector and the sludge concentration detection instrument to obtain the required air volume; The computer recalculates the redundant air volume of the aerobic pool by combining the collected main flow meter data with the aeration demand air volume value of the aerobic pool to obtain the redundant air volume; Input the target air-water ratio q / Q value into the aeration grit chamber, and multiply the target air-water ratio q / Q value by the water inlet flow data value collected by the water inlet flow meter to calculate the aeration volume of the aeration grit chamber. The target air-water ratio q / Q formula is: q / Q=branch flow meter air volume value / water inlet flow meter flow value; The step three, the determination and processing of the air-water ratio of the aerated grit chamber is as follows: the computer feeds back the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber to the branch pipe electric regulating valve, the branch pipe flow meter, the branch pipe pressure transmitter, and the branch pipe thermometer through the switch III, the switch II, and the PLC III, and by increasing or decreasing the opening of the branch pipe electric regulating valve, the display value of the branch pipe flow meter is made consistent with the calculated value of the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber; The step four, blower air volume determination and processing is as follows: when the branch flow meter display value is consistent with the aeration volume calculated value of the aeration grit tank, the computer conducts a comprehensive analysis of the redundant air volume of the aerobic tank and the aeration volume of the aeration grit tank, and performs blower air volume determination and processing, and the aeration volume of the aeration grit tank is controlled by increasing or decreasing the blower speed.

3. The method for realizing an aeration control system of an aerated grit chamber based on redundant air volume of an aerobic tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the aeration branch pipe is connected to a plurality of branch pipe manual regulating valves II through a connecting pipe, and the other end of the aeration branch pipe is connected to the aeration main pipe through a branch pipe check valve, a branch pipe electric regulating valve, and a branch pipe manual regulating valve I in sequence. A branch pipe thermometer, a branch pipe pressure transmitter, and a branch pipe flowmeter are provided in sequence on the aeration branch pipe between the branch pipe check valve and the branch pipe electric regulating valve; The circuit connection is as follows: switch III is connected to switch I, switch II, central control system and computer respectively, switch I is connected to switch II, switch I is connected to COD detector, suspended matter detector, water inlet flow meter, dissolved oxygen detector I and ammonia nitrogen detector respectively through PLC I, switch II is connected to PLC II and PLC III respectively, the PLC II is connected to dissolved oxygen detector II, main pipe electric regulating valve, main pipe flow meter, main pipe pressure transmitter, main pipe thermometer, sludge concentration detection instrument and multiple blowers respectively, the PLC III is connected to branch pipe electric regulating valve, branch pipe flow meter, branch pipe pressure transmitter and branch pipe thermometer respectively.

4. The method for realizing an aeration control system of an aerated grit chamber based on redundant air volume of an aerobic tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the redundant air volume of the aerobic pool is: Redundant air volume of aerobic pool = air volume value of main flow meter - aeration demand air volume value of aerobic pool.

5. The method for realizing an aeration control system of an aerated grit chamber based on redundant air volume of an aerobic tank according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for achieving consistency between the displayed value of the branch pipe flow meter and the calculated value of the aeration volume of the aerated grit chamber is that the branch pipe flow meter displays the aeration volume value of the aerated grit chamber, and if the displayed value of the air-water ratio q / Q at the current moment is equal to the target air-water ratio q / Q value, the opening of the branch pipe electric regulating valve is maintained at the opening at the previous moment; If the water inflow increases or decreases so that the current air-water ratio q / Q ratio display value is less than or greater than the target air-water ratio q / Q value, the computer will feed back the control signal to the branch pipe electric regulating valve through switch III, switch II, and PLC III, and control the aeration volume and aeration intensity distribution of the perforated aeration pipe by automatically adjusting the opening size of the branch pipe electric regulating valve and manually adjusting the opening size of each branch pipe manual regulating valve II, so that the wind pressure value displayed by the branch pipe pressure transmitter and the dissolved oxygen value displayed by the dissolved oxygen detection instrument I meet the operation control requirements of the aerated grit chamber, so that the actual air-water ratio q / Q is consistent with the target air-water q / Q ratio, and the sand removal effect of the aerated grit chamber is achieved.

6. The method for realizing an aeration control system of an aerated grit chamber based on redundant air volume of an aerobic tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for determining and processing the air volume of the blower is as follows: if the redundant air volume of the aerobic tank is equal to the aeration volume of the aeration grit tank, the computer will feed back the control signal to the blower through the switch III, the switch II, and the PLC II without making any adjustment on the air volume increase or decrease; if the redundant air volume of the aerobic tank is less than or greater than the aeration volume of the aeration grit tank, the computer will feed back the control signal to the blower through the switch III, the switch II, and the PLC II, and the aeration volume of the aeration grit tank is achieved by increasing or decreasing the blower speed.

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