Ecological material for repairing earthen ruins and repairing method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of earthen archaeological site restoration, and discloses an ecological material for earthen archaeological site restoration and a restoration method. The ecological material with good durability and proper cost is formed by mixing the slaked lime, the palm fibers and the pebbles according to three different proportions on the basis of homogeneous clean soil. The repairing method comprises the steps of base layer treatment, bamboo reinforcement anchoring, mixture preparation, filling, wet water tamping, maintenance and the like, and natural fusion and structural stability of materials and earthen ruins are ensured. The material has the advantages of low cracking rate, low hollowing rate and excellent new and old soil body adhesion, not only effectively protects and repairs the earthen ruins, but also keeps the historical and cultural values of the earthen ruins, and provides a new solution for ecological restoration of the earthen ruins.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of earthen ruins restoration, and in particular to an ecological material and a restoration method for earthen ruins restoration. Background Art

[0002] Earthen sites refer to ancient sites with historical, cultural, and scientific value that use earth as the main building material. Earthen sites are often large in scale and are prone to slope erosion, collapse, erosion, and gullies due to natural environmental erosion, microbial action, and human factors. At present, in order to protect these precious cultural heritages, scientific researchers and cultural relics protection workers are using a variety of technical means to protect and restore earthen sites.

[0003] As far as the existing technology is concerned, the traditional restoration method requires the use of chemical materials such as silicone resin and polyurethane resin. Such chemical materials do play an important role in the protection and restoration of earthen sites, but they also have economical costs and affect the original characteristics of the earthen sites.

[0004] From an economic point of view, the use of chemical materials such as silicone resin and polyurethane resin is relatively expensive. On the one hand, the materials themselves are expensive, and the investment in such a large-scale earthen site restoration project is huge; on the other hand, the construction process requires precise control of material usage and technical conditions, and the investment cost of technical manpower is also high.

[0005] From the perspective of the impact on the original characteristics of earthen sites, the application of chemical materials will change the appearance, texture and even color of earthen sites. After the resin is cured, it may cause the surface of the soil to harden and lose its original soil texture; chemical materials penetrate into the soil, changing the way soil particles are combined, affecting its air permeability and water permeability. These changes not only affect the aesthetic value of the earthen sites, but may also have an adverse effect on their long-term preservation. In addition, if new restoration or archaeological research is needed in the future, the presence of these chemical materials may become an obstacle.

[0006] To sum up, when choosing a restoration method, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the balance between restoration effect and cost, and at the same time try to adopt methods that can achieve the restoration purpose while maintaining the original state of the earthen site to the greatest extent possible. Summary of the invention

[0007] One purpose of the present application is to provide an ecological material and a restoration method for earthen ruins to solve the problems of high cost of existing earthen ruins restoration and changes in soil properties of earthen ruins caused by restoration.

[0008] An ecological material for repairing earthen ruins, comprising an ecological mixture and stones, wherein the mixing ratio of the ecological mixture to the stones is 10:4; the ecological mixture comprises homogeneous clean soil, slaked lime and palm fibers, wherein the mixing ratio of the homogeneous clean soil, slaked lime and palm fibers is 10:3:3; wherein the homogeneous clean soil is clean soil around the earthen ruins and has the same composition as the earthen ruins.

[0009] Furthermore, the ecological mixture is prepared by soaking homogeneous pure soil, slaked lime and palm fibers in water for 15 minutes and then stirring them evenly.

[0010] Furthermore, the particle size of the stones mixed with the ecological mixture is between 30 mm and 50 mm.

[0011] A method for restoring earthen ruins is implemented based on the above-mentioned ecological materials for restoring earthen ruins, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Perform base treatment on the damaged part of the earthen ruins to obtain a repair cavity;

[0013] Step 2: Anchor bamboo reinforcement in the repair cavity to obtain a repair skeleton;

[0014] Step 3: Fill the ecological material into the repair skeleton to obtain the initial repair layer;

[0015] Step 4: Wetting and compacting the initial repair layer to obtain a dense repair layer;

[0016] Step 5: Water and maintain the dense repair layer.

[0017] Furthermore, the step 1 comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step 11: Clean the loose soil from the damaged part of the earthen ruins to the hard base;

[0019] Step 12: trim the hard base layer into a step-shaped repair cavity;

[0020] Step 13: Remove the loose dust on the surface of the repair cavity.

[0021] Furthermore, the bamboo reinforcement is treated with anti-corrosion, the width of the bamboo reinforcement is 50 mm, the anchoring spacing between adjacent bamboo reinforcements is 120 mm, the anchoring depth is 500 mm, the bamboo reinforcement anchored in the repair cavity is at an elevation angle of 60 degrees to the ground surface, and the end of the bamboo reinforcement extends 50-60 mm out of the repair cavity.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 3, the ecological material is filled by artificial mud throwing, and the repair cavity is soaked with water before filling the ecological material.

[0023] Furthermore, in step 4, the initial repair layer needs to be left standing for 24 hours before being wetted with water, and needs to be left standing for 5 hours after being wetted with water. The compaction treatment uses a wooden pestle to compact the initial repair layer.

[0024] Furthermore, the watering and curing needs to be carried out every day at 9-23°C using a sprayer, and the watering and curing cycle is 15 days.

[0025] Compared with the related art, the present invention provides ecological materials and restoration methods thereof, aiming to solve the problems of high cost and change in soil properties of earthen ruins in traditional restoration methods. By using homogeneous pure soil, slaked lime and palm fiber as the main raw materials and matching them in a reasonable ratio, it not only reduces the dependence on expensive chemical materials and reduces the material and labor costs in the restoration process, but also improves the compatibility of restoration materials with earthen ruins. The application of ecological mixtures enables the restored earthen ruins to better maintain their original appearance, texture and color, thereby maintaining the historical and aesthetic value of the earthen ruins. In addition, the use of ecological mixtures also maintains the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, which contributes to the long-term preservation of earthen ruins.

[0026] In summary, the present invention finds a good balance between economy and restoration effect, and realizes the effective protection of earthen ruins. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the method for restoring the Middle Earth ruins. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides an ecological material, which is a natural material with low acquisition cost and low reliance on technical manpower during mixing, and has a significant contribution to reducing the cost of restoration projects. The use of ecological materials can better maintain the natural state of earthen sites and maximize their historical and cultural value.

[0030] An ecological material used for the restoration of earthen ruins, including an ecological mixture and stones. The stones, as hard fillers, can increase the structural strength of the material, making it more solid and durable, while the ecological mixture provides flexibility and bonding strength, so that the entire ecological material has sufficient hardness and flexibility.

[0031] The mixing ratio of ecological mixture to stone is 10:4. If the stone content increases, the ecological material will become harder. Too high a stone content will affect the overall bonding of the material, causing the material to become loose and difficult to shape, and may even reduce its air permeability and water permeability. On the contrary, if the stone content decreases, the structural strength of the material may be weakened, making the repair layer not stable enough and unable to resist external pressure and erosion well.

[0032] The size of the stones mixed with the eco-mixture is between 30mm and 50mm. The addition of stones can improve the drainage performance of the material and prevent erosion and damage caused by water accumulation. The moderate stone size also helps to maintain the uniformity of the repair material and avoid uneven structure or fragility caused by particles that are too large or too small.

[0033] In the process of adjusting the mixing ratio of ecological mixture and stone, a variety of ecological materials with different mixing ratios were prepared. The ecological materials with different mixing ratios were made into blanks, and the compressive strength test was carried out on the blanks to obtain the compressive strength data of blanks with different mixing ratios. The analysis showed that when the mixing ratio of ecological mixture and stone was 10:4, the blank had the maximum compressive strength, reaching 588.61kpa.

[0034] Specifically, the ecological mixture includes homogeneous clean soil, slaked lime and palm fiber. Homogeneous clean soil is clean soil with the same composition as the earthen site around the site. The homogeneous clean soil is selected as the base material because it comes from the surrounding area of ​​the site and is consistent with the composition of the site itself. This ensures the compatibility of the repair material with the original site material and avoids the introduction of foreign matter to cause secondary damage to the site. At the same time, homogeneous clean soil itself is clean soil without impurities, which is also conducive to ensuring the quality of the repair material. The main function of adding slaked lime is to improve the coagulation and strength of the soil, improve the mechanical properties of the soil, and enable it to better bond together during the repair process. Slaked lime can also adjust the pH value of the soil and inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms in the soil, thereby extending the service life of the repair material. Palm fiber can enhance the toughness of the material and prevent the formation of cracks, similar to the role of steel bars in concrete, which increases the tensile strength of the repair layer; natural fibers such as hemp fiber, straw, wheat straw, etc. can be used as substitutes for palm fiber, because they also have the function of enhancing the toughness of the material, but the toughness of the substitutes is different, so the specific ratio is different from that of palm fiber.

[0035] The mixing ratio of homogeneous pure soil, slaked lime and palm fiber is 10:3:3. If the content of slaked lime is too much, the repair material will be too hardened, affecting its air permeability and water permeability; on the contrary, if the content is too little, the repair material may not have sufficient strength and stability. The same is true for palm fiber. If the content is too much, the repair material may become too soft, affecting its structural strength; but if the content is too little, it cannot effectively improve the toughness of the material and is prone to cracking.

[0036] When determining the mixing ratio of the ecological mixture, multiple control experiments were also carried out. The pH value was 7.94, the impact toughness was 14.56 J / cm, and the air permeability was 10-10m 2 Such performance parameters achieve a balance in terms of pH, toughness and air permeability of the repair material, which is sufficient for the repair needs.

[0037] The ecological mixture is made by soaking homogeneous clean soil, slaked lime and palm fibers in water for 15 minutes and then stirring them evenly. The purpose of soaking for 15 minutes is to allow the slaked lime to fully dissolve and fully contact with the homogeneous clean soil and palm fibers, promoting chemical reactions and physical mixing among the three. Through soaking, the calcium ions in the slaked lime can better interact with the particles in the soil and enhance the binding force between the soil particles. At the same time, the palm fibers absorb water and swell in water, which can be better dispersed in the soil, enhancing the flexibility and crack resistance of the material.

[0038] When preparing ecological mixtures, the amount of water added directly affects the state of the mixture. Normally, the amount of water added is about 15% to 25% of the total material. The specific value needs to be determined based on the on-site mixing conditions.

[0039] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is a method for restoring earthen ruins using ecological materials provided in Embodiment 1. Inheriting the economic benefits of ecological materials, this restoration method is easy to construct and has mild curing conditions, making the restoration process simpler and more environmentally friendly, and has obvious advantages in restoration effect and structural stability.

[0040] A method for repairing earthen ruins comprises the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Perform base treatment on the damaged part of the earthen ruins to obtain a repair cavity;

[0042] Step 2: Anchor bamboo reinforcement in the repair cavity to obtain a repair skeleton;

[0043] Step 3: Fill the ecological material into the repair skeleton to obtain the initial repair layer;

[0044] Step 4: Wetting and compacting the initial repair layer to obtain a dense repair layer;

[0045] Step 5: Water and maintain the dense repair layer.

[0046] The restoration method provided by the present invention ensures the effectiveness and ecological compatibility of the restoration work through a series of carefully designed steps. Not only ecological materials are used, but bamboo reinforcement is also used to provide additional structural support. The entire restoration process is simple and easy, and the curing conditions are mild, ensuring the natural integration of the restoration materials with the earthen site and maintaining its historical and cultural value. In summary, the restoration method not only performs well in terms of economy and environmental protection, but also has obvious advantages in restoration effect and structural stability.

[0047] The damaged part of the earthen ruins is treated at the base to obtain a repair cavity, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 11: Clean the loose soil from the damaged part of the earthen ruins to the hard base. Since these loose parts cannot provide a solid supporting foundation due to erosion or weathering, this step is to remove the loose soil layer from the damaged part of the earthen ruins to ensure that the ecological materials can be firmly attached to the solid base, thereby improving the stability and durability of the repair.

[0049] Step 12: Trim the hard base into a step-shaped repair cavity; this is to increase the contact area between the repair layer and the original soil ruins and improve the stability of the repair layer; the step shape can provide better mechanical bite force, so that the repair material and the original soil ruins are closely combined. At the same time, the ecological material has a certain air permeability and water permeability. In the actual construction process, it is difficult to ensure that the ecological material completely fills the repair cavity densely without gaps. These gaps provide channels for water flow, allowing water flow to move and pass inside the repair cavity, preventing rainwater from concentrating on a certain area, thereby reducing new erosion phenomena.

[0050] Step 13: Remove floating dust from the surface of the repair cavity; after removing the floating dust, the clean surface will also help the subsequent ecological materials to better perform their performance and ensure the repair effect.

[0051] Specifically, the bamboo reinforcement in step 2 is treated with an antiseptic treatment, which can effectively prevent the bamboo reinforcement from rotting in a humid environment, extend its service life, and ensure that it can continue to provide the necessary support during the restoration period. Because the purpose of the restoration is to maintain the performance and state of the original earthen site as much as possible, the use of chemical agents that damage the earthen site should be avoided.

[0052] The width of the bamboo bar is 50mm, which ensures that the bamboo bar has sufficient strength to bear the weight of the repair layer, but is not too wide to affect the filling density of the ecological material. A larger width can provide better support and reduce the risk of structural instability caused by the breakage of a single bamboo bar.

[0053] The anchoring spacing of adjacent bamboo bars is 120mm. This spacing can ensure that there are enough support points inside the repair layer while avoiding the difficulty of filling the material due to the bamboo bars being too dense. Reasonable spacing can ensure uniform stress on the entire repair layer and prevent local stress concentration.

[0054] The anchoring depth of the bamboo reinforcement is 500mm, which is a deeper depth to ensure that the bamboo reinforcement can be firmly embedded in the hard base and provide sufficient support. The deeper anchoring depth helps to resist external forces.

[0055] The bamboo reinforcement anchored in the repair cavity is at an elevation angle of 60 degrees to the ground surface. This angle can ensure that the bamboo reinforcement provides vertical support and a certain amount of tension in the horizontal direction to enhance the shear resistance of the repair layer. A reasonable inclination angle can improve the utilization rate of the bamboo reinforcement and ensure that it can play a role in different directions.

[0056] The end of the bamboo reinforcement extends 50-60mm out of the repair cavity. This length is convenient for subsequent connection and inspection. The longer extension length ensures that the bamboo reinforcement will not be completely buried during the filling process, which is convenient for positioning and adjustment during construction.

[0057] In summary, by limiting the data on bamboo reinforcement, its supporting role and its own stability in the restoration of earthen sites can be effectively guaranteed, thereby ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the restoration layer.

[0058] In step 3, the ecological materials are filled by artificial mud throwing, which is to throw the prepared ecological materials to the predetermined position by manual operation. Specifically, the construction workers hold the container or tool containing the ecological materials and throw the ecological materials evenly into the repair cavity. During operation, it is necessary to ensure that the ecological materials cover the entire repair cavity and are evenly distributed as much as possible to avoid voids or unevenness. If the repair cavity is deep, it can be filled in multiple times, and compaction and leveling must be carried out after each filling to ensure that each layer of the mixture can fit tightly together. Artificial mud throwing can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual shape and size of the repair cavity, and is suitable for various complex terrains.

[0059] Before filling the ecological material, water the repair cavity to soak it. Soaking the repair cavity in advance can improve the adhesion between the ecological material and the wall of the repair cavity, ensuring that the mixture can better adhere to the wall of the repair cavity. The moist surface helps to reduce the bubbles generated by the ecological material during the filling process, thereby making the repair layer denser. Soaking the repair cavity can also prevent the rapid evaporation of water, thereby avoiding cracking caused by the mixture drying too quickly.

[0060] In step 4, the initial repair layer needs to be left standing for 24 hours before wetting. The purpose is to allow the ecological material to have a preliminary stabilization and curing process after filling the repair cavity. During this period, the various components inside the material can better combine with each other, and reduce voids and bubbles through natural sedimentation. In addition, the standing time also helps to evenly distribute the moisture in the material, laying the foundation for subsequent wetting and compaction treatment. It has a time advantage in improving the strength and stability of the repair layer, and can also reduce the risk of damage caused by premature stress on the material.

[0061] The initial repair layer needs to be left to stand for 5 hours after being wetted with water. This waiting time is to allow the water to fully penetrate into the material, help the chemical reaction in the material to proceed further, and promote curing. Enhance the density and strength of the repair layer. In addition, the right amount of water can also help reduce the occurrence of shrinkage cracks, making the repair layer more uniform and dense.

[0062] The compaction treatment uses a wooden pestle to compact the initial repair layer. By repeatedly beating the initial repair layer with a wooden pestle, the density of the repair layer can be significantly improved, the internal voids can be reduced, and its compression and crack resistance can be enhanced. The dense repair layer formed after compaction can better resist the influence of the external environment and extend the service life of the repair layer.

[0063] Watering and curing requires watering every day at 9-23℃ using a sprayer, and the watering and curing cycle is 15 days. Watering and curing is crucial in the restoration of earthen sites, ensuring that ecological materials are gradually cured at appropriate humidity and temperature to achieve optimal performance.

[0064] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily mention changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims, and the above embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive.

Claims

1. An ecological material for the restoration of earthen ruins, characterized in that: It includes ecological mixture and gravel, the mixing ratio of the ecological mixture to gravel is 10:4; the ecological mixture includes homogeneous clean soil, slaked lime and palm fiber, the mixing ratio of the homogeneous clean soil, slaked lime and palm fiber is 10:3:3; wherein the homogeneous clean soil is clean soil around the earthen site with the same composition as the earthen site.

2. The ecological material for restoring earthen ruins according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological mixture is prepared by soaking homogeneous pure soil, slaked lime and palm fibers in water for 15 minutes and then stirring them evenly.

3. The ecological material for restoring earthen ruins according to claim 2, characterized in that: The particle size of the stones mixed with the ecological mixture is between 30 mm and 50 mm.

4. A method for restoring earthen ruins, implemented according to the ecological material for restoring earthen ruins according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Perform base treatment on the damaged part of the earthen ruins to obtain a repair cavity; Step 2: Anchor bamboo reinforcement in the repair cavity to obtain a repair skeleton; Step 3: Fill the ecological material into the repair skeleton to obtain the initial repair layer; Step 4: Wetting and compacting the initial repair layer to obtain a dense repair layer; Step 5: Water and maintain the dense repair layer.

5. A method for repairing earthen ruins according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step 1 comprises the following steps: Step 11: Clean the loose soil from the damaged part of the earthen ruins to the hard base; Step 12: trim the hard base layer into a step-shaped repair cavity; Step 13: Remove the loose dust on the surface of the repair cavity.

6. A method for restoring earthen ruins according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bamboo reinforcement is treated with anti-corrosion, has a width of 50 mm, an anchoring spacing of 120 mm between adjacent bamboo reinforcements, an anchoring depth of 500 mm, and an elevation angle of 60 degrees between the bamboo reinforcement anchored in the repair cavity and the ground surface. The end of the bamboo reinforcement extends 50-60 mm out of the repair cavity.

7. A method for restoring earthen ruins according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 3, the ecological material is filled by artificial mud throwing, and the repair cavity is soaked with water before filling the ecological material.

8. The method for restoring earthen ruins according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step 4, the initial repair layer needs to be left standing for 24 hours before being wetted with water, and needs to be left standing for 5 hours after being wetted with water. The compaction treatment uses a wooden pestle to compact the initial repair layer.

9. A method for restoring earthen ruins according to claim 8, characterized in that: The watering maintenance needs to be carried out every day by using a sprayer at 9-23°C, and the watering maintenance cycle is 15 days.

Images