Low-reflectivity photovoltaic pavement

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy application, in particular to a low-reflectivity photovoltaic pavement which comprises a concrete roadbed and a photovoltaic component fixedly covering the concrete roadbed. The photovoltaic component sequentially comprises a supporting base body provided with a groove, a photovoltaic assembly placed in the supporting base body and a light-transmitting surface layer arranged on the supporting base body and capable of covering the groove from bottom to top, the light-transmitting surface layer comprises concrete, a plurality of vertical through holes are formed in the concrete in a penetrating mode, and light guide elements are arranged in the vertical through holes. The light guide element is a polyetherimide-containing composition, and the light transmittance of the polyetherimide-containing composition is larger than or equal to 95%. The light-transmitting surface layer used by the road surface photovoltaic component selects the polyetherimide-containing composition as a light guide element, the light transmittance is high, the reflectivity is low, the situation that the sight of a driver is interfered by sunlight reflection can be effectively avoided, and therefore traffic accidents caused by the situation can be prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solar energy application, and in particular to a low-reflectivity photovoltaic pavement. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy is an inexhaustible renewable energy source for mankind. It has the advantages of being fully clean, absolutely safe, and relatively extensive. With the increasing prominence of energy crisis and air pollution problems, the research and utilization of solar energy has received more and more attention.

[0003] At present, there are two main ways to utilize solar energy: photothermal conversion and photoelectric conversion. Photothermal conversion refers to the process of collecting solar radiation energy and converting it into a sufficiently high temperature by reflection, absorption or other means. Solar water heaters are a major application of photothermal conversion technology; photoelectric conversion refers to the process of directly converting solar radiation energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. This technology has been applied to photoconductive devices, solar cells, semiconductor light-emitting devices and other devices. Photovoltaic pavement is an emerging solar energy utilization structure. It collects solar radiation energy through photovoltaic components laid on the roadbed and converts it into electrical energy. From bottom to top, the photovoltaic components include a supporting substrate with a groove, a photovoltaic module placed inside the supporting substrate, and a light-transmitting surface layer arranged on the supporting substrate and capable of covering the groove. Because of the need to take into account both light transmittance and compressive strength, transparent concrete is generally used for the light-transmitting surface layer. At present, transparent concrete generally uses glass as a light-guiding element. While transmitting light, it also reflects sunlight. Drivers will feel glare when driving on photovoltaic pavement, affecting their vision.

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a low-reflectivity photovoltaic road surface to reduce the problem of driver's vision being affected due to the high reflectivity of the light-guiding element. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the technical problem that the light-guiding elements used in existing photovoltaic pavements have high reflectivity, the present invention provides a low-reflectivity photovoltaic pavement. The light-transmitting surface layer used in the photovoltaic components of the pavement uses a polyetherimide composition as a light-guiding element. When sunlight irradiates the road surface, more than 95% of the light can pass through the light-transmitting surface layer and is converted into electrical energy for storage by photovoltaic components. It has high light transmittance and low reflectivity, and can effectively avoid the situation where the driver's vision is disturbed by the reflection of sunlight, thereby preventing traffic accidents caused by it. At the same time, more sunlight passes through the light-transmitting surface layer, which also improves the efficiency of the photovoltaic pavement.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A low-reflectivity photovoltaic pavement comprises a concrete roadbed and a photovoltaic component fixedly covering the concrete roadbed, wherein the photovoltaic component comprises, from bottom to top, a supporting substrate provided with a groove, a photovoltaic assembly placed inside the supporting substrate, and a light-transmitting surface layer arranged on the supporting substrate and capable of covering the groove, wherein the light-transmitting surface layer comprises concrete, wherein a plurality of vertical through holes are penetrated through the concrete, wherein light-guiding elements are arranged in the vertical through holes, wherein the light-guiding elements are composed of a polyetherimide composition, and the light transmittance of the polyetherimide composition is ≥95%.

[0007] Furthermore, the light transmittance of the polyetherimide-containing composition is ≥98%.

[0008] Furthermore, the ratio of the upper surface area of ​​the concrete to the light guide element is 1:3-10. Under this ratio, on the one hand, the light guide element can collect enough sunlight to ensure the power generation effect, and on the other hand, the large area of ​​the light guide element will not cause light to gather and affect the driver's sight.

[0009] Furthermore, the polyetherimide composition includes 60-80 parts of polyetherimide resin, 20-35 parts of polyarylate resin and 0-5 parts of glass fiber by weight. The polyetherimide resin has good high temperature resistance, high strength and strong light transmittance. With the polyetherimide resin as the main component, the performance stability and good light transmittance of the entire light guide element can be guaranteed; the polyarylate resin can maintain good performance at low temperatures while having heat resistance, providing guarantee for the normal service of the photovoltaic pavement in cold winter weather; the glass fiber can play a role in increasing the strength of the light guide element.

[0010] Furthermore, the polyetherimide-containing composition includes 75 parts of polyetherimide resin, 32 parts of polyarylate resin and 3 parts of glass fiber, by weight.

[0011] Furthermore, the polyetherimide resin is ULTEM 1000 produced by SABIC, and the polyarylate resin is U-100 produced by Unitika.

[0012] Furthermore, the preparation method of the polyetherimide composition comprises the following steps: (1) Mixing polyetherimide, polyarylate resin and glass fiber in proportion, adding them into a high-speed mixer, and premixing them at 300-400° C. and 300-600 r / min for 10-60 min to obtain a premixed material; (2) The premix is ​​placed in an extruder for extrusion at a temperature of 300-400° C. and a screw speed of 200-500 r / min to obtain a polyetherimide-containing composition.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation method of the polyetherimide composition comprises the following steps: (1) polyetherimide, polyarylate resin and glass fiber are mixed in proportion and added into a high-speed mixer, and premixed at 330° C. and 500 r / min for 30 min to obtain a premixed material; (2) The premix is ​​placed in an extruder and extruded at a temperature of 360° C. and a screw speed of 360 r / min to obtain a polyetherimide-containing composition.

[0014] Furthermore, the method for preparing the light-transmitting surface layer at least comprises the step of pouring the polyetherimide-containing composition into the vertical through-holes of the concrete.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention takes into account the technical problems that the light-transmitting structures used in existing photovoltaic pavements have high reflectivity and are easy to interfere with the normal driving of drivers, and provides a low-reflectivity photovoltaic pavement. By selecting the composition and raw materials of the light-transmitting surface layer used in the pavement photovoltaic components, the technical effects of improving the light transmittance of the photovoltaic pavement and reducing the reflectivity of the photovoltaic pavement are achieved, further providing protection for the life safety of the driver, and at the same time enhancing the power generation effect of the photovoltaic pavement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a low-reflectivity photovoltaic pavement according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a top view of the light-transmitting surface layer of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure, 1-concrete roadbed, 2-support matrix, 3-photovoltaic module, 4-light-transmitting surface layer, 5-light-guiding element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 A low-reflectivity photovoltaic pavement comprises a concrete roadbed 1 and a photovoltaic component fixedly covering the concrete roadbed 1, wherein the photovoltaic component comprises, from bottom to top, a supporting substrate 2 provided with a groove, a photovoltaic module 3 placed inside the supporting substrate 2, and a light-transmitting surface layer 4 provided on the supporting substrate 2 and capable of covering the groove, wherein the light-transmitting surface layer 4 comprises concrete, wherein a plurality of vertical through holes are provided through the concrete, wherein light-guiding elements 5 are provided in the vertical through holes, wherein the upper surface area ratio of the concrete to the light-guiding element 5 is 1:8, and the light-guiding element 5 is a composition containing polyetherimide; The polyetherimide-containing composition comprises 75 parts by weight of polyetherimide resin (SABIC ULTEM 1000), 22 parts by weight of polyarylate resin (Unitika U-100) and 3 parts by weight of glass fiber. The preparation method of the polyetherimide-containing composition comprises the following steps: (1) polyetherimide, polyarylate resin and glass fiber are mixed in proportion and added into a high-speed mixer, and premixed at 330° C. and 500 r / min for 30 min to obtain a premixed material; (2) placing the premix in an extruder and extruding the premix at a temperature of 360° C. and a screw speed of 360 r / min to obtain a polyetherimide-containing composition; The transmittance and reflectance of the polyetherimide composition were tested, and the results showed that the transmittance was 99% and the reflectance was ≤1%. The preparation method of the light-transmitting surface layer is to first prepare concrete with vertical through holes. The concrete can be processed in a similar way to a precast concrete plate, and a wooden stick is inserted into the corresponding position of the vertical through hole as a mold. After pouring, the wooden stick is knocked off. Alternatively, a processing method of first pouring and then drilling the vertical through hole can be selected, and then a heated polyetherimide composition is poured into the vertical through hole. After cooling and forming, the light-transmitting surface layer is obtained.

[0022] Example 2 A low-reflectivity photovoltaic pavement comprises a concrete roadbed 1 and a photovoltaic component fixedly covering the concrete roadbed 1, wherein the photovoltaic component comprises, from bottom to top, a supporting substrate 2 provided with a groove, a photovoltaic assembly 3 placed inside the supporting substrate 2, and a light-transmitting surface layer 4 provided on the supporting substrate 2 and capable of covering the groove, wherein the light-transmitting surface layer 4 comprises concrete, wherein a plurality of vertical through holes are provided through the concrete, wherein light-guiding elements 5 are provided in the vertical through holes, wherein the upper surface area ratio of the concrete to the light-guiding element 5 is 1:5, and the light-guiding element 5 is a composition containing polyetherimide; The polyetherimide-containing composition comprises 65 parts by weight of polyetherimide resin (SABIC ULTEM 1000), 30 parts by weight of polyarylate resin (Unitika U-100) and 5 parts by weight of glass fiber. The preparation method of the polyetherimide-containing composition comprises the following steps: (1) polyetherimide, polyarylate resin and glass fiber are mixed in proportion and added into a high-speed mixer, and premixed at 300° C. and 600 r / min for 45 minutes to obtain a premixed material; (2) placing the premix in an extruder and extruding the premix at a temperature of 330° C. and a screw speed of 450 r / min to obtain a polyetherimide-containing composition; The transmittance and reflectance of the polyetherimide composition were tested, and the results showed that the transmittance was 96% and the reflectance was ≤4%. The preparation method of the light-transmitting surface layer is to first prepare concrete with vertical through holes. The concrete can be processed in a similar way to a precast concrete plate, and a wooden stick is inserted into the corresponding position of the vertical through hole as a mold. After pouring, the wooden stick is knocked off. Alternatively, a processing method of first pouring and then drilling the vertical through hole can be selected, and then a heated polyetherimide composition is poured into the vertical through hole. After cooling and forming, the light-transmitting surface layer is obtained.

[0023] Example 3 A low-reflectivity photovoltaic pavement comprises a concrete roadbed 1 and a photovoltaic component fixedly covering the concrete roadbed 1, wherein the photovoltaic component comprises, from bottom to top, a supporting substrate 2 provided with a groove, a photovoltaic module 3 placed inside the supporting substrate 2, and a light-transmitting surface layer 4 provided on the supporting substrate 2 and capable of covering the groove, wherein the light-transmitting surface layer 4 comprises concrete, wherein a plurality of vertical through holes are provided through the concrete, wherein light-guiding elements 5 are provided in the vertical through holes, wherein the upper surface area ratio of the concrete to the light-guiding element 5 is 1:3, and the light-guiding element 5 is a composition containing polyetherimide; The polyetherimide-containing composition comprises 73 parts by weight of polyetherimide resin (SABIC ULTEM 1000) and 27 parts by weight of polyarylate resin (Unitika U-100). The preparation method of the polyetherimide-containing composition comprises the following steps: (1) Mixing polyetherimide and polyarylate resin in proportion, adding them into a high-speed mixer, and premixing them at 380° C. and 300 r / min for 15 min to obtain a premixed material; (2) placing the premix in an extruder and extruding the premix at a temperature of 400° C. and a screw speed of 250 r / min to obtain a polyetherimide-containing composition; The transmittance and reflectance of the polyetherimide composition were tested, and the results showed that the transmittance was 98% and the reflectance was ≤2%. The preparation method of the light-transmitting surface layer is to first prepare concrete with vertical through holes. The concrete can be processed in a similar way to a precast concrete plate, and a wooden stick is inserted into the corresponding position of the vertical through hole as a mold. After pouring, the wooden stick is knocked off. Alternatively, a processing method of first pouring and then drilling the vertical through hole can be selected, and then a heated polyetherimide composition is poured into the vertical through hole. After cooling and forming, the light-transmitting surface layer is obtained.

[0024] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the ratios of the raw materials of the polyetherimide composition are different. The polyetherimide composition of Comparative Example 1 includes 55 parts by weight of polyetherimide resin, 42 parts by weight of polyarylate resin and 3 parts by weight of glass fiber; The transmittance and reflectance of the polyetherimide-containing composition were tested, and the results showed that the transmittance was 93% and the reflectance was ≤7%.

[0025] Although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions shall be within the scope of the present invention. Any person of ordinary skill in the art may easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection described in the claims.

Claims

1. A low reflectivity photovoltaic pavement, characterized in that: It includes a concrete roadbed and a photovoltaic component fixedly covering the concrete roadbed. The photovoltaic component includes, from bottom to top, a supporting substrate with a groove, a photovoltaic module placed inside the supporting substrate, and a light-transmitting surface layer arranged on the supporting substrate and capable of covering the groove. The light-transmitting surface layer includes concrete. A plurality of vertical through holes are penetrated through the concrete. Light-guiding elements are arranged in the vertical through holes. The light-guiding elements are composed of a polyetherimide composition. The light transmittance of the polyetherimide composition is ≥95%.

2. The low reflectivity photovoltaic pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light transmittance of the polyetherimide composition is ≥98%.

3. The low reflectivity photovoltaic pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the upper surface area of ​​the concrete to the upper surface area of ​​the light guide element is 1:3-10.

4. The low reflectivity photovoltaic pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyetherimide-containing composition comprises 60-80 parts of polyetherimide resin, 20-35 parts of polyarylate resin and 0-5 parts of glass fiber by weight.

5. The low reflectivity photovoltaic pavement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The polyetherimide-containing composition includes 75 parts of polyetherimide resin, 32 parts of polyarylate resin and 3 parts of glass fiber by weight.

6. The low reflectivity photovoltaic pavement according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: In terms of weight, the polyetherimide resin is ULTEM 1000 produced by SABIC, and the polyarylate resin is U-100 produced by Unitika.

7. The low reflectivity photovoltaic pavement according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the polyetherimide composition comprises the following steps: (1) Mixing polyetherimide, polyarylate resin and glass fiber in proportion, adding them into a high-speed mixer, and premixing them at 300-400° C. and 300-600 r / min for 10-60 min to obtain a premixed material; (2) The premix is ​​placed in an extruder for extrusion at a temperature of 300-400° C. and a screw speed of 200-500 r / min to obtain a polyetherimide-containing composition.

8. The low reflectivity photovoltaic pavement according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method of the polyetherimide composition comprises the following steps: (1) polyetherimide, polyarylate resin and glass fiber are mixed in proportion and added into a high-speed mixer, and premixed at 330° C. and 500 r / min for 30 min to obtain a premixed material; (2) The premix is ​​placed in an extruder and extruded at a temperature of 360° C. and a screw speed of 360 r / min to obtain a polyetherimide-containing composition.

9. The low reflectivity photovoltaic pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the light-transmitting surface layer at least comprises the step of pouring the polyetherimide composition into the vertical through-hole of concrete.

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