Method and device for improving flood control capacity of hydroelectric power plant

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for improving flood control capacity of a hydroelectric power station. The method comprises the steps that an intelligent distributed floating body flood control system is installed on the upstream of a hydropower station, hydro-meteorological monitoring equipment is deployed to collect data and transmit the data to a central control unit, the central control unit controls the position, posture and connection relation of floating body modules according to the data, a flood control barrier is formed to regulate and control flood, and the flood control barrier is reset after the flood falls. The device comprises a floating body flood blocking system, hydro-meteorological monitoring equipment and a central control unit. The floating body module is provided with a water pressing plate, a photovoltaic panel assembly and the like, and a shell of the floating body module is made of novel composite materials and provided with independent power propellers and the like. The method can effectively cope with different flood conditions, improve flood control flexibility and adaptability, realize flood control and power generation collaborative optimization, enhance equipment stability and reliability, improve power generation benefits and reduce cost, has environmental protection sustainability, and is suitable for the flood control field of the hydroelectric power station.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of improving the flood prevention capability of a hydroelectric power station, and in particular to a method and a device for improving the flood prevention capability of a hydroelectric power station. Background Art

[0002] In the field of hydropower generation, the flood control capacity of hydropower stations has always been a crucial issue. Traditional flood control measures such as building dams have many limitations. On the one hand, fixed dam structures are difficult to adapt to floods of different sizes and types, and may face the risk of dam breaches when floods exceed the design standards. In addition, dam construction is costly and time-consuming, and has a significant impact on the surrounding ecological environment. On the other hand, with global climate change and an increase in extreme weather events, the frequency and intensity of floods have become more difficult to predict, and the lack of flexibility and adaptability of traditional flood control methods has become increasingly prominent.

[0003] In low-head environments, hydroelectric power stations face even more special challenges. Due to the relatively small water level difference, the power generation efficiency itself is subject to certain limitations. When floods strike, it is difficult to effectively control the flood flow and flow rate without affecting power generation. At the same time, existing flood control technologies are insufficient in terms of working in coordination with power generation equipment, and it is often difficult to achieve an optimal balance between flood control and power generation. For example, during floods, measures such as shutdowns to ensure the safety of power generation equipment may result in power generation losses, while excessive focus on power generation may neglect flood control safety.

[0004] In addition, the existing monitoring and control methods are relatively backward. The accuracy and reliability of hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment are limited, and the data transmission and processing speed is slow, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of real-time flood control decision-making. For equipment such as floating flood control devices, their automation and intelligence levels are not high, and they cannot adjust their positions and postures in time when floods change rapidly, thus affecting the flood control effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for improving the flood prevention capability of a hydroelectric power station, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for improving the flood control capability of a hydroelectric power station, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Install an intelligent distributed floating flood control system in specific waters upstream of the hydropower station. The system consists of multiple floating modules with independent power and sensor units. The floating modules are dispersed in the waters when not in flood control state. Step 2: Deploy hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment at multiple monitoring points upstream and around the hydropower station to collect water level change data, water flow velocity data, rainfall data, and meteorological change trend data; Step 3: The collected data is transmitted to the central control unit, which accurately positions and adjusts the position of each floating module based on the preset dynamic flood control model and algorithm, so that it moves horizontally to the target coordinates; Step 4: The central control unit further controls the posture of the floating module, including adjusting the tilt angle, sinking and floating depth, etc., to adapt to the impact of water flow and water level changes; Step 5: The central control unit dynamically configures the connection relationship between the floating modules, and through the connection device or traction system, the floating modules form a flood barrier that matches the real-time flood conditions, effectively regulating the flood flow and flow rate entering the hydropower station area; Step 6: After the flood recedes, the central control unit controls the independent power unit of the floating module according to the preset reset procedure to restore it to its initial standby state, including returning to the original distribution position and attitude setting.

[0007] A device for improving the flood prevention capability of a hydroelectric power station, comprising: The intelligent distributed floating flood control system is precisely placed in a specific water area upstream of the hydropower station. The system consists of a floating module, a water pressure plate connected to the bottom of the floating module by a rotating shaft, and a photovoltaic panel assembly installed on the upper end of the floating module. The floating shell on the outside of the floating module is made of a new composite material with a certain buoyancy adjustment function. The independently powered propeller inside the floating module has high torque output, low energy consumption and good waterproof sealing performance. The active motor installed inside the floating module drives the driven gear, and the driven gear drives the rotating shaft to rotate. At the same time, a battery is installed inside the floating module. The battery supplies power to the internal electronic components and serves as an energy storage device for the photovoltaic panel assembly. The floating module adopts a hexagonal structure, and four sets of electromagnets are fixed on the four sides where the driven gear is not installed. The active motor drives the driven gear to drive the rotating shaft and the water pressure plate to rotate; Hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment is widely distributed in key waters at different distances upstream of the hydropower station and in several representative geographical monitoring points in the surrounding area. The monitoring equipment uses high-precision sensors. Laser water level sensors are used to accurately measure water level changes, ultrasonic flow velocity sensors are used to accurately detect water flow velocity, rainfall sensors can accurately distinguish rainfall of different intensities, and meteorological sensors can comprehensively monitor wind direction, wind force, and air pressure meteorological change trend data. All monitoring equipment is equipped with stable and reliable data transmission modules to ensure that data can be transmitted in a timely and complete manner. The central control unit, as the core control hub of the entire device, communicates with the hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment and the floating modules in the intelligent distributed floating flood control system through a high-speed and secure communication network.

[0008] Furthermore, the water pressure plate adopts a U-shaped structure, and in a suspended state, the water pressure plate rotates and retracts at the bottom of the floating module, and in a flood control state, the water pressure plate rotates and expands and extends out from under the floating module.

[0009] Furthermore, in the intelligent distributed floating flood control system, the hexagonal structure of the floating module has unique advantages; in the non-flood control state, the symmetry of the hexagon helps to evenly disperse the floating modules in the water area and reduce water flow interference; and the hexagonal structure is highly flexible during assembly, and can be arranged in a variety of combinations according to the actual water area terrain and flood conditions; the connection angle between each hexagonal floating module is adjustable, so that when forming a flood control barrier, it can better fit the boundaries of water areas of different shapes, thereby improving the adaptability and sealing of the flood control system, thereby more effectively regulating flood flow.

[0010] Furthermore, the buoyancy adjustment function of the new composite material of the floating body shell can be implemented in various ways; a plurality of sealed air chambers can be provided inside it, which are connected to the central control unit through an air pump. When the buoyancy needs to be increased, the central control unit controls the air pump to inflate the air chamber to make the floating body module rise; conversely, exhausting the gas reduces the buoyancy.

[0011] Furthermore, the high torque output of the propeller is achieved through a special blade design. The blades adopt a large chord length and a wide blade shape, which can generate a large thrust when rotating at a low speed. The material is a high-strength, lightweight alloy material, which can not only ensure strength but also reduce weight and improve power efficiency. In terms of waterproof sealing performance, the propeller shaft seal adopts a multi-layer sealing structure, including rubber sealing rings and mechanical seals, to prevent water from entering the power system.

[0012] Furthermore, the surface of the photovoltaic panel assembly is treated with nano-texture to increase the light absorption efficiency while reducing reflection loss. The photovoltaic panel assembly is also equipped with an intelligent tracking system, which monitors the sun's position in real time through sensors and automatically adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel to ensure that sunlight is always received at the best angle. In terms of energy management, a controller with maximum power point tracking technology is used between the photovoltaic panel assembly and the battery; the controller can monitor the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic panel in real time, find the maximum power point, and enable the photovoltaic panel to always operate at maximum power, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency and providing a stable and sufficient power supply for the entire system.

[0013] Furthermore, the four groups of electromagnets have a unique working mode during the connection process of the floating modules. When the floating modules need to be connected, the central control unit controls the electromagnets to be energized in a specific order to generate attraction between adjacent floating modules and achieve precise docking; after docking, the electromagnets maintain a certain current intensity to maintain the stability of the connection. When the connection is released, the central control unit gradually reduces the electromagnet current to avoid the impact force caused by sudden power failure that may cause the floating modules to separate and lose control; at the same time, a special anti-corrosion coating is used on the surface of the electromagnet to prevent rust from affecting performance when working in water for a long time.

[0014] Furthermore, the data processing and transmission of the high-precision sensors of the hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment have strict safeguards. The data collected by the sensor is first amplified, filtered and other pre-processed by the internal signal conditioning circuit to improve the accuracy and stability of the data, and then the data is sent to the central control unit through the wireless transmission module. The wireless transmission module adopts multi-band communication technology and automatically switches the frequency band according to the signal strength and interference conditions to ensure the reliability of data transmission. At the central control unit end, a data verification and error correction algorithm is provided to perform real-time verification of the received data. If data errors or loss are found, the monitoring equipment is immediately notified to resend the data to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data, providing a reliable basis for flood control decisions.

[0015] Furthermore, the intelligent learning and adaptive adjustment capabilities of the central control unit are based on advanced artificial intelligence algorithms; it uses a neural network algorithm to learn historical hydrological and meteorological data and establish a flood prediction model; in actual operation, the model parameters are continuously optimized based on real-time collected data; for example, by learning the optimal layout and control strategies of the floating modules under different flood modes, when encountering similar flood situations, the optimal solution can be quickly given; at the same time, the central control unit is deeply integrated with the power generation control system of the hydropower station; in the flood prevention process, the operating parameters of the power generation equipment are adjusted in real time according to the flood flow and water level changes.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The application of intelligent distributed floating flood control system enables the flood control strategy to be dynamically adjusted according to real-time hydrological and meteorological data. Before the flood comes, the central control unit can quickly form a flood control barrier that matches the flood conditions by accurately positioning and adjusting the posture of the floating module and optimizing the connection relationship. Regardless of the size of the flood flow, the speed of the flow, or the amplitude of the water level change, the system can respond in time and effectively control the flood entering the hydropower station area, greatly improving the flexibility and adaptability of flood control and reducing the threat of floods to hydropower stations.

[0017] In the non-flood control state, the floating modules are dispersedly arranged and do not affect the normal power generation operation of the hydropower station. In the flood control process, through the intelligent regulation of the central control unit, it is possible to maintain a certain power generation capacity as much as possible under the premise of ensuring flood control safety. For example, the position of the floating modules and the shape of the flood barrier are reasonably adjusted so that the water flow can still drive the turbine to generate electricity while being regulated, realizing the coordinated optimization of flood control and power generation, reducing the power generation losses caused by flood control measures, and improving the overall power generation efficiency of the hydropower station.

[0018] The floating module adopts a hexagonal structure, which has high mechanical stability and can better resist the impact of water flow whether it is in a dispersed state or connected to form a flood barrier. The new composite material of the floating shell has a buoyancy adjustment function, which can maintain the stable state of the floating body according to different working conditions. The independently powered propeller has excellent performance and can ensure the accurate movement and positioning of the floating module in complex water flows. In addition, high-precision hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment and a reliable central control unit, as well as efficient data transmission and collaborative work between various components, jointly ensure the stability and reliability of the entire device in long-term operation, reducing equipment failure rate and maintenance costs.

[0019] Widely distributed hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment equipped with high-precision sensors can collect data on water level, flow rate, rainfall, weather and other aspects in real time and accurately. These data are quickly transmitted to the central control unit through a stable data transmission module. The central control unit analyzes and processes them according to the preset dynamic flood control model and algorithm, thereby realizing precise control of the floating module. From the position and posture of the floating module to the connection relationship between them, they can be accurately adjusted according to the actual flood situation, which improves the scientificity and effectiveness of flood control measures and minimizes the impact of flood disasters.

[0020] Compared with traditional large-scale dam construction and other flood control projects, the construction cost of the intelligent distributed floating flood control system is relatively low. Its modular design is easy to install and maintain, and does not require large-scale earthwork and a long construction period. At the same time, during the operation process, unnecessary energy consumption and equipment loss are reduced through intelligent regulation, reducing operating costs. For example, photovoltaic panel components provide part of the energy for the system, reducing dependence on external energy, improving energy utilization efficiency, and further saving costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the suspended state of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the deployment of the floating module of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a floating body module of the present invention; Figure 4is a schematic diagram of an annular assembly of a floating module of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the linear assembly of the floating module of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. floating body module; 11. propeller; 12. driving motor; 13. driven gear; 14. floating body shell; 15. battery; 16. electromagnet; 2. water pressure plate; 21. bump; 3. rotating shaft; 4. photovoltaic panel assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] See also Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution: a method and device for improving the flood control capacity of a hydroelectric power station. The specific implementation methods are as follows: In specific waters upstream of the hydropower station, the optimal installation position of the floating flood control system is determined based on detailed topographic surveys and hydrological analysis results. First, multiple floating modules 1 are placed in the water in an orderly manner at predetermined intervals to ensure that they can be naturally dispersed under normal conditions of flood control, neither hindering the normal flow of water nor interfering with the daily power generation operations of the hydropower station. The unique hexagonal structure of the floating module 1 plays a key role in this layout, and its six sides can form a stable and diverse polygonal combination when connected. The connection method between adjacent floating modules is cleverly designed, and mechanical connection methods can be used, such as setting precise bolt holes on the side of the module to achieve a firm connection through high-strength bolts; or the electromagnetic connection principle can be used to achieve fast, convenient and stable connection and separation with the help of the adsorption and repulsion between four groups of electromagnets 16. This diverse connection method provides a high degree of flexibility in responding to different flood control needs and water conditions.

[0024] During the actual installation process, for the mechanical connection part, it is necessary to ensure that the material of the bolts has high strength and corrosion resistance, such as using stainless steel bolts, and tightening them strictly according to the designed torque to ensure the reliability of the connection. As for the electromagnetic connection part, it is necessary to accurately control the magnetic field strength and polarity of the electromagnet 16, and achieve precise docking and stable adsorption between adjacent floating modules through the precise instructions of the central control unit. For example, when assembling the flood barrier before the flood, the central control unit first accurately measures and locates the position of each floating module 1, and then controls the electromagnet 16 to energize in sequence according to a predetermined order, so that it generates a suitable magnetic field force, guides the adjacent floating modules to gradually approach and achieve precise docking, and finally forms a tightly connected flood control structure.

[0025] The water pressure plate 2 at the bottom of the floating module 1 is reliably connected to the floating shell 14 through a solid rotating shaft 3. The active motor 12, as the power source for driving the water pressure plate 2 to rotate, is carefully installed at a specific position inside the floating module 1, and its output shaft is tightly meshed with the driven gear 13. When the state of the water pressure plate 2 needs to be adjusted, the central control unit accurately sends a control signal to start the active motor 12 based on real-time hydrological data and flood control instructions. The operation of the active motor 12 drives the driven gear 13 to rotate, and then drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, thereby realizing the contraction of the water pressure plate 2 in the suspended state and the expansion action in the flood control state.

[0026] The U-shaped structure of the water pressure plate 2 has been carefully designed. Its shape and size can maximize the contact area with the water flow when deployed, effectively enhancing the downward force and stability of the floating module 1. Under the impact of floods, the deployed water pressure plate 2 acts as a stable anchoring structure, helping the floating module 1 to better resist the strong impact of the flood and maintain the stability of the overall flood barrier. For example, when the flood level rises rapidly and the water flow is turbulent, the central control unit quickly controls the deployment of the water pressure plate 2 to make it penetrate into the water flow, and uses the force of the water flow on the water pressure plate 2 to stabilize the position of the floating module 1, preventing it from being washed away or displaced by the flood, thereby ensuring the integrity and effectiveness of the flood barrier.

[0027] The new composite material used in the floating shell 14 fully considers the realization of the buoyancy adjustment function in the manufacturing process. In its internal structure design, according to the specific buoyancy adjustment needs, multiple sealed air chambers are cleverly set or space is reserved for filling special density adjustment materials. If an air chamber structure is adopted, the air chamber is connected to a high-performance air pump through a carefully laid pipeline, and the air pump is precisely controlled by the central control unit. When it is necessary to adjust the buoyancy of the floating module 1, the central control unit uses advanced algorithms based on real-time hydrological monitoring data to calculate the required buoyancy change, and then accurately controls the air pump to inflate or evacuate the air chamber, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the buoyancy of the floating module 1.

[0028] If a special density regulating material, such as a smart fluid, is used, an advanced electric field or magnetic field generator is set at the corresponding position inside the floating module 1. The central control unit accurately adjusts the electric field or magnetic field strength according to the real-time working status and environmental requirements. Under the action of the electric field or magnetic field, the density of the smart fluid will change accordingly, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the buoyancy of the floating module 1. This buoyancy adjustment mechanism enables the floating module 1 to always maintain a stable working state under different water levels and water flow conditions, whether it is when the water level fluctuates greatly during the flood period or when dealing with slight changes in water flow during daily operation, it can ensure the reliability and effectiveness of the entire floating flood control system.

[0029] The independently powered propeller 11 is scientifically installed at a suitable position on the bottom or side of the floating module 1, and its motor is reliably electrically connected to the central control unit through a waterproof cable. The selection of the motor is crucial, and an efficient and energy-saving DC motor or an advanced AC variable frequency motor is selected to ensure that the performance requirements of high torque output and low energy consumption are met. The blades of the propeller 11 are carefully manufactured using high-strength, corrosion-resistant alloy materials, such as high-quality stainless steel or titanium alloy, and are optimized through complex fluid dynamics design and simulation to ensure that the shape and angle of the blades can achieve optimal propulsion efficiency under various water flow conditions.

[0030] The shaft seal of the propeller 11 adopts a multi-layer advanced sealing structure, such as a combination of rubber sealing rings, high-precision mechanical seals and high-quality oil seals, to form a tight waterproof barrier, ensuring that water cannot penetrate into the power system during long-term underwater operation, effectively protecting the motor and transmission components. In actual operation, the central control unit accurately controls the speed and direction of the propeller 11 according to the real-time position adjustment requirements of the floating module 1. For example, when the floating module 1 needs to be quickly moved to the specified position, the central control unit increases the speed of the propeller 11, and reasonably adjusts the direction of the propeller 11 according to the relative relationship between the target position and the current position, so as to achieve accurate and rapid movement of the floating module in the horizontal direction; when the attitude of the floating module needs to be adjusted, the attitude adjustment actions such as tilting and rotating of the floating module are achieved by controlling the speed difference of the propeller 11 at different positions, so as to ensure that the floating module always maintains the best working attitude and stability in a complex water flow environment.

[0031] The photovoltaic panel assembly 4 is firmly mounted on the upper end of the floating module 1, and the installation angle is carefully calculated and adjusted to ensure that it can receive sunlight to the greatest extent. During the initial installation, the photovoltaic panel assembly 4 can be set to a relatively optimized fixed angle according to the local latitude and seasonal changes to adapt to the sunshine conditions in different seasons. At the same time, in order to further improve the energy collection efficiency, it can also be equipped with an advanced automatic tracking system, which monitors the changes in the position of the sun in real time through high-precision photosensors, and automatically adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel to keep it perpendicular to the sun's rays at all times, thereby ensuring that it can absorb solar energy to the greatest extent at different times of the day.

[0032] The photovoltaic panel assembly 4 uses high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells, and its surface is treated with a special anti-reflective coating, which significantly improves the absorption efficiency of sunlight and reduces reflection losses. An advanced maximum power point tracking controller is connected between the photovoltaic panel assembly 4 and the battery 15. The controller monitors the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic panel in real time, and uses an intelligent algorithm to continuously find and adjust the working point of the photovoltaic panel so that it always works near the maximum power point, thereby efficiently converting solar energy into electrical energy and stably storing it in the battery 15. As the energy core of the entire floating module 1, the battery 15 provides a stable DC power supply for the internal electronic components, ensuring that the system can still operate normally during periods without sunlight or in emergency situations when the external power supply is interrupted, and maintaining the stable operation of various functions of the floating flood control system.

[0033] Hydrometeorological monitoring equipment is carefully deployed at key water locations at different distances upstream of the hydropower station and at multiple representative geographical monitoring points in the surrounding area. The laser water level sensor is installed on a sturdy bracket on the shore or placed in the water through a special fixture. Its laser transmitting and receiving devices are precisely aimed at the water surface to ensure accurate measurement of water level changes. During the installation process, the position of the sensor must be accurately calibrated to ensure that the measurement accuracy can reach the millimeter level. For example, high-precision laser water level sensors are installed at key locations near the water inlet of the hydropower station to monitor water level changes in real time and provide key water level data for flood control decisions.

[0034] Ultrasonic flow sensors use the Doppler effect principle to measure water flow velocity. The sensor probe is fixed in a suitable underwater position through professional underwater installation equipment to ensure that the movement speed of suspended particles or bubbles in the water flow can be accurately captured, so as to accurately obtain water flow velocity data. During installation, the optimal installation depth and angle should be selected according to factors such as the water depth and water flow characteristics of the water area to improve the accuracy and reliability of the measurement. At the same time, the sensor should be calibrated and maintained regularly to ensure that its measurement range and accuracy always meet actual needs. Rain sensors are installed in open, unobstructed locations, such as mountain tops and empty river banks. Raindrops are collected through specially designed funnels. After raindrops fall into the funnel, the internal sensing device is triggered to accurately record the rainfall. During installation, make sure that the opening of the funnel is facing upwards and there are no obstacles around to affect the falling of raindrops. At the same time, it should be equipped with automatic drainage and anti-blocking devices to ensure that the rain sensor can work continuously and accurately on rainy days. Meteorological sensors are installed at high places, such as the top of a tower or the roof of a building, to obtain accurate meteorological data. Meteorological sensors such as wind vanes, anemometers and barometers use high-precision instruments and equipment and undergo strict installation and debugging to ensure that they can accurately measure meteorological trend data such as wind direction, wind force, and air pressure, providing comprehensive meteorological information support for flood control decisions.

[0035] All monitoring equipment is equipped with advanced, stable and reliable data transmission modules, such as wireless data transmission radio, GPRS module or high-speed 4G / 5G communication module. Inside the monitoring equipment, the collected data first undergoes a series of preprocessing processes, including filtering, amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, etc., to improve the quality and accuracy of the data. Then, the preprocessed data is transmitted in real time through the data transmission module according to the predetermined communication protocol. In order to ensure the security and reliability of data transmission, advanced data encryption technology is used to encrypt the transmitted data to prevent the data from being stolen or tampered with during transmission.

[0036] At the same time, a strict data verification and retransmission mechanism is set up. After receiving the data, the central control unit will immediately verify the data. If the data is found to be wrong or lost, it will promptly notify the monitoring equipment to resend the data through feedback signals. In this way, it is ensured that the central control unit can obtain complete hydrological and meteorological data in a timely and accurate manner, providing reliable data support for flood control decisions. For example, during floods, when a large amount of data is transmitted quickly, the data transmission module can automatically and dynamically adjust the transmission parameters, such as transmission power, frequency band, etc., according to the signal strength and interference conditions, to ensure that the data is transmitted to the central control unit stably and quickly, avoiding flood control decision-making errors due to data transmission delays or errors.

[0037] As the core control hub of the entire system, the central control unit adopts high-performance industrial control computers or advanced embedded controllers, with powerful data processing capabilities and fast response speed. Its hardware configuration includes high-speed processors, large-capacity memory, stable storage devices and rich communication interfaces to meet the needs of real-time processing and analysis of a large amount of hydrological and meteorological data and efficient communication with various devices. In terms of software, it runs specially developed intelligent control system software, which integrates advanced dynamic flood control models and algorithms and has a friendly human-computer interaction interface, which is convenient for operators to monitor the system, set parameters and perform emergency operations.

[0038] The central control unit communicates with the hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment and the floating module 1 in the intelligent distributed floating flood control system through a high-speed and secure communication network. The communication network can use Ethernet, wireless LAN or dedicated communication lines, etc., and is selected and optimized according to the actual application scenario and needs. For example, in the short-range communication range, wireless LAN is preferred to reduce costs and improve communication flexibility; in the case of long distances or extremely high requirements for communication stability, dedicated communication lines are used to ensure the reliability and real-time nature of data transmission.

[0039] The dynamic flood control model and algorithm pre-stored in the central control unit are based on a large amount of historical hydrological and meteorological data, hydropower station operation experience, and advanced mathematical models and simulation technologies. After receiving the real-time data transmitted by the hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment, the central control unit first analyzes and processes the data quickly and accurately in real time. Through comprehensive analysis of water level change data, water flow velocity data, rainfall data, and meteorological change trend data, intelligent algorithms are used to determine the scale, development trend, possible peak water level and flow of the current flood, as well as the scope and extent of the impact that the flood may have on the hydropower station.

[0040] According to the analysis results, the central control unit uses the dynamic flood control model to perform complex calculations and simulations in accordance with the preset flood control strategy to determine the target position coordinates, attitude adjustment parameters, and connection relationship configuration between each floating module 1. For example, when facing a large flood flow and a fast flow rate, the central control unit calculates through the model that the floating modules 1 need to be tightly connected to form a continuous flood barrier and adjust their inclination angles to better resist the impact of the flood; and when the flood level gradually decreases, the position and connection method of the floating modules 1 are adjusted according to real-time data, gradually returning to the dispersed layout in the non-flood control state.

[0041] After determining the best flood control strategy, the central control unit sends precise control instructions to the floating module 1 through the communication network. For the position adjustment of the floating module 1, the central control unit controls the start of its independently powered propeller 11, and accurately adjusts the speed and direction of the propeller 11 according to the difference between the target position and the current position, so that the floating module 1 can accurately move to the target coordinates in a complex water flow environment. In terms of attitude adjustment, by controlling the coordinated work of the propellers 11 at different positions, the attitude changes such as tilt and rotation of the floating module 1 are achieved to adapt to the impact of water flow and water level changes.

[0042] At the same time, the central control unit accurately controls the power on or off of the electromagnet 16 to achieve rapid connection, separation and position fine-tuning between the floating modules. During the entire flood control process, the central control unit continuously monitors changes in hydrological and meteorological data, and adjusts control strategies and control instructions in real time to ensure that the flood control effect is always maintained in the best state. For example, when the flood flow suddenly increases or the direction of the water flow changes, the central control unit can respond quickly, adjust the position and posture of the floating module 1, strengthen the stability of the flood barrier, and effectively respond to emergencies.

[0043] When the flood recedes, the central control unit sends detailed instructions to the floating module 1 according to the preset reset procedure, controls its independent power device, and restores the floating module to the initial standby state. The specific operation includes accurately driving the propeller 11 to move the floating module back to the original distribution position, adjusting the water pressure plate 2 to the retracted state, and restoring the posture of the floating module to the initial setting. During the reset process, the central control unit monitors and adjusts the reset action of each floating module 1 in real time to ensure that the reset process is accurate and smooth.

[0044] The central control unit also has powerful data recording and analysis functions. During the entire flood control process, it records in detail all received data, sent control instructions, and the operating status of the system. After the flood, the data is analyzed in depth to summarize the lessons learned from this flood control work, evaluate the performance of the system, and find potential problems and deficiencies. Through the accumulation and analysis of a large amount of historical data, the dynamic flood control model and algorithm are continuously optimized, the control strategy is improved, and the reliability and effectiveness of the system in future flood control work are improved, providing strong guarantees for the long-term safe operation of the hydropower station. In addition, the central control unit also has remote monitoring and operation functions. Operators can view the system status, monitoring data and control operations in real time through remote terminals, realize remote management and emergency response of the flood control work of the hydropower station, and improve the system's operational convenience and emergency handling capabilities.

Claims

1. A method for improving the flood control capacity of a hydroelectric power station, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Install an intelligent distributed floating flood control system in specific waters upstream of the hydropower station. The system consists of multiple floating modules with independent power and sensor units. The floating modules are dispersed in the waters when not in flood control state. Step 2: Deploy hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment at multiple monitoring points upstream and around the hydropower station to collect water level change data, water flow velocity data, rainfall data, and meteorological change trend data; Step 3: The collected data is transmitted to the central control unit, which accurately positions and adjusts the position of each floating module based on the preset dynamic flood control model and algorithm, so that it moves horizontally to the target coordinates; Step 4: The central control unit further controls the posture of the floating module, including adjusting the tilt angle, sinking and floating depth, etc., to adapt to the impact of water flow and water level changes; Step 5: The central control unit dynamically configures the connection relationship between the floating modules, and through the connection device or traction system, the floating modules form a flood barrier that matches the real-time flood conditions, effectively regulating the flood flow and flow rate entering the hydropower station area; Step 6: After the flood recedes, the central control unit controls the independent power unit of the floating module according to the preset reset procedure to restore it to its initial standby state, including returning to the original distribution position and attitude setting.

2. A device for improving the flood prevention capacity of a hydroelectric power station in combination with the method according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: An intelligent distributed floating flood control system is precisely placed in a specific water area upstream of a hydropower station. The system comprises a floating module (1), a water pressure plate (2) connected to the bottom of the floating module (1) through a rotating shaft (3), and a photovoltaic panel assembly (4) installed on the top of the floating module (1). The floating shell (14) outside the floating module (1) is made of a new composite material with a certain buoyancy adjustment function. The independently powered propeller (11) inside the floating module (1) has high torque output, low energy consumption, and good waterproof sealing performance. An active motor (12) installed at the top drives a driven gear (13), and the driven gear (13) drives the rotating shaft (3) to rotate. At the same time, a storage battery (15) is installed inside the floating module (1). The storage battery (15) supplies power to the internal electronic components and serves as an energy storage device for the photovoltaic panel assembly (4). The floating module (1) adopts a hexagonal structure, and four groups of electromagnets (16) are fixed on four sides where the driven gear (13) is not installed. The active motor (12) drives the driven gear (13) to drive the rotating shaft (3) and the water pressure plate (2) to rotate. Hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment is widely distributed in key waters at different distances upstream of the hydropower station and in several representative geographical monitoring points in the surrounding area. The monitoring equipment uses high-precision sensors. Laser water level sensors are used to accurately measure water level changes, ultrasonic flow velocity sensors are used to accurately detect water flow velocity, rainfall sensors can accurately distinguish rainfall of different intensities, and meteorological sensors can comprehensively monitor wind direction, wind force, and air pressure meteorological change trend data. All monitoring equipment is equipped with stable and reliable data transmission modules to ensure that data can be transmitted in a timely and complete manner. The central control unit, which serves as the core control hub of the entire device, is connected to the hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment and the floating module (1) in the intelligent distributed floating flood control system through a high-speed and secure communication network.

3. A device for improving the flood prevention capability of a hydroelectric power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water pressure plate (2) adopts a U-shaped structure, and in a suspended state, the water pressure plate (2) rotates and retracts at the bottom of the floating module (1), while in a flood prevention state, the water pressure plate (2) rotates and unfolds and extends out from under the floating module (1).

4. A device for improving the flood prevention capability of a hydroelectric power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the intelligent distributed floating flood control system, the hexagonal structure of the floating module (1) has unique advantages. In a non-flood control state, the symmetry of the hexagon helps the floating module to be evenly dispersed in the water area, reducing water flow interference. The hexagonal structure is highly flexible during assembly and can be arranged in a variety of combinations according to the actual water area topography and flood conditions. The connection angle between each hexagonal floating module is adjustable, so that when forming a flood control barrier, it can better fit the boundaries of water areas with different shapes, thereby improving the adaptability and sealing of the flood control system, thereby more effectively regulating the flood flow.

5. The device for improving the flood prevention capability of a hydroelectric power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buoyancy adjustment function of the novel composite material of the floating body shell (14) can be realized in various ways; a plurality of sealed air chambers can be arranged inside the floating body shell, which are connected to the central control unit via an air pump. When the buoyancy needs to be increased, the central control unit controls the air pump to inflate the air chambers to make the floating body module rise; conversely, exhausting the gas reduces the buoyancy.

6. The device for improving the flood prevention capability of a hydroelectric power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high torque output of the propeller (11) is achieved through a special blade design. The blade adopts a large chord length and a wide blade shape design, which can generate a large thrust when rotating at a low speed. The material is a high-strength, lightweight alloy material, which can ensure strength while reducing weight and improving power efficiency. In terms of waterproof sealing performance, the propeller shaft seal adopts a multi-layer sealing structure, including a rubber sealing ring and a mechanical seal, to prevent water from entering the power system.

7. The device for improving the flood prevention capability of a hydroelectric power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the photovoltaic panel assembly (4) is treated with nano-texture to increase light absorption efficiency and reduce reflection loss. The photovoltaic panel assembly is also equipped with an intelligent tracking system, which monitors the position of the sun in real time through sensors and automatically adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel to ensure that sunlight is always received at the best angle. In terms of energy management, a controller with maximum power point tracking technology is used between the photovoltaic panel assembly and the battery (15); the controller can monitor the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic panel in real time, find the maximum power point, and enable the photovoltaic panel to always operate in the maximum power state, thereby improving energy conversion efficiency and providing a stable and sufficient power supply for the entire system.

8. The device for improving the flood prevention capability of a hydroelectric power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The four groups of electromagnets (16) have a unique working mode during the connection process of the floating modules. When the floating modules need to be connected, the central control unit controls the electromagnets (16) to be energized in a specific order, so that an attraction is generated between adjacent floating modules to achieve precise docking. After docking, the electromagnets maintain a certain current intensity to maintain the stability of the connection. When the connection is released, the central control unit gradually reduces the electromagnet current to avoid the impact force caused by sudden power failure causing the floating modules to separate and lose control. At the same time, a special anti-corrosion coating is used on the surface of the electromagnet to prevent rust from affecting performance when working in water for a long time.

9. The device for improving the flood prevention capability of a hydroelectric power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data processing and transmission of the high-precision sensors of the hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment have strict safeguards. The data collected by the sensor is first amplified, filtered and other pre-processed by the internal signal conditioning circuit to improve the accuracy and stability of the data, and then the data is sent to the central control unit through the wireless transmission module. The wireless transmission module adopts multi-band communication technology and automatically switches the frequency band according to the signal strength and interference conditions to ensure the reliability of data transmission; at the central control unit end, a data verification and error correction algorithm is provided to perform real-time verification of the received data; if data errors or loss are found, the monitoring equipment is immediately notified to resend the data to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data, providing a reliable basis for flood control decisions.

10. The device for improving the flood prevention capability of a hydroelectric power station according to claim 2, characterized in that: The intelligent learning and adaptive adjustment capabilities of the central control unit are based on advanced artificial intelligence algorithms. It uses a neural network algorithm to learn historical hydrological and meteorological data and establish a flood prediction model. In actual operation, the model parameters are continuously optimized based on real-time collected data. For example, by learning the optimal layout and control strategies of the floating modules under different flood modes, the optimal solution can be quickly given when encountering similar flood situations. At the same time, the central control unit is deeply integrated with the power generation control system of the hydropower station. In the process of flood prevention, the operating parameters of the power generation equipment are adjusted in real time according to the changes in flood flow and water level.

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