Deviation rectifying method for deviated pile foundation bearing platform

Abstract

The invention discloses a deviation rectifying method for a deviated pile foundation bearing platform in the technical field of pile foundation deviation rectifying, a counter-force support, a dowel bar, a jack and a deviation rectifying post-cast strip are added, the axis of the jack and the axis of the dowel bar are on the same straight line, and the two ends of the jack and the two ends of the dowel bar are supported between the counter-force support and the deviation rectifying post-cast strip respectively. According to the combination method, the inclined pile with an inclined pile body and a deviated pile position can be subjected to pushing deviation rectification, reasonable deviation rectification horizontal thrust is applied to the inclined pile through the jack, the pile foundation subjected to deviation rectification and returning is continuously supported through the stress application supporting rod and the end limiting combination structure, and concrete is poured for long-term supporting; on the premise of ensuring the engineering safety, the inclination of a pile body can be effectively recovered through reverse thrust, the deviation displacement of a pile position can also be recovered, the adverse effect caused by deflection of the pile is effectively reduced, and the number of repaired piles in the whole engineering can be reduced; and through deviation rectification, the bearing capacity of the original inclined pile can be effectively improved, the reinforcement difficulty of the pile body is reduced, and the construction cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation deviation correction, and in particular to a deviation correction method for a deviated pile foundation cap. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the density and intensity of urban underground space development are gradually increasing. In order to smoothly carry out the construction of underground structures, foundation pit support and foundation pit excavation are required. In the process of foundation pit excavation, as the soil in the pit is excavated, the bearing force inside and outside the pit is unbalanced. Under the action of soil pressure, the support structure and the soil outside the pit are prone to extrusion deformation in the direction of the pit. When there is a weak soil layer around the pile body of the engineering pile, the soil constraint capacity is not enough to resist the extrusion deformation, and the pile body of the engineering pile will produce a certain degree of inclination due to the pressure change; in addition, factors such as construction errors, deep soil disturbance, and the order of squeezing piles will also affect the inclination of the pile body, which will eventually lead to the displacement of the foundation pile and the pedestal. According to the current technical specifications for building pile foundations, the verticality of the pile body should not be greater than 1.00%, and the pile position deviation limit should be controlled between 70-100mm according to the different pile types.

[0003] The verticality of the pile body should meet the requirements of the specification. In order to properly exert the bearing capacity of the foundation pile and meet the acceptance standards, the verticality of the pile body and the deviation of the pile position should be controlled within a smaller range. At present, in order to control the verticality of the pile body and the deviation of the pile position, the method of prior control is mainly adopted, such as strengthening the rigidity and stability of the retaining structure during foundation pit excavation, and reasonably arranging the order of injection of soil-squeezing piles. However, even so, the deflection of the pile body still often occurs.

[0004] In the case of pile body tilt and pile position deviation, the common practice is to make different treatments according to the degree of tilt and deviation. Pile with large deviation can be judged as waste pile and re-pile; for pile body verticality not more than 1%, but pile position deviation exceeds the standard, it is necessary to re-pile or strengthen the foundation stiffness to increase the bearing capacity of the deviated pile for compensation.

[0005] The current reinforcement schemes for skewed piles have not addressed the inclination and pile position deviation issues of the skewed pile body, resulting in a high rate of abandoned piles, an increase in the number of additional piles for the overall project, and further cost increases. It is difficult to compensate for and reinforce the tilted pile body, the overall bearing capacity of the building is reduced, and the project cost increases.

[0006] Based on this, the present invention designs a deviation correction method for a deviated pile foundation cap to solve the above problem. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for correcting the deviation of an offset pile foundation pedestal. The device adds a reaction force support, a force transmission rod and a jack, and can correct the deviated piles with pile body inclination and pile position deviation. By applying a reasonable correction horizontal thrust to the deviated piles, the inclination of the pile body can be effectively reduced by reverse thrust under the premise of ensuring the safety of the project. The displacement of the pile position deviation can also be restored, the deviation amount can be reduced or recovered, and the adverse effects caused by the deviated piles can be effectively reduced, so that the number of additional piles can be reduced in the overall project; the bearing capacity of the originally deviated piles can also be effectively improved through correction, and only a small amount of foundation stiffness can be used to strengthen the deviated piles, thereby reducing the difficulty of reinforcing the pile body and reducing the project cost.

[0008] The present invention is implemented as follows: a method for correcting a deviation of a pile foundation cap,

[0009] The deviation correction method needs to be completed through the deviation correction device, which includes: a reaction support, an original soil layer, a force transmission rod, a force support rod, a jack and a deviation correction post-casting belt;

[0010] The original soil layer is the original soil structure of the offset pile foundation, and the top of the original soil layer is covered with a bearing layer;

[0011] The corrective post-casting strip is a concrete block structure, and each deflected side wall of the offset pile foundation is provided with a corrective post-casting strip, and the corrective post-casting strips of the side walls of the offset pile foundation are not fixed to each other;

[0012] The reaction force support is a stable supporting platform, and the inner side wall of the reaction force support is vertically arranged above the original soil layer;

[0013] The dowel rod is a straight rod, and the dowel rod and the jack are both horizontally placed on the top of the bearing layer;

[0014] The base of the jack is stably against the inner end of the force transmission rod, and the telescopic end of the jack is tightly against the side wall of the deviation-correcting post-casting belt;

[0015] The axes of the jack and the force transmission rod are in the same straight line, and the axis of the force transmission rod is perpendicular to the supporting surface of the reaction support;

[0016] The boosting support rod is a straight rod, and the removable top support of the boosting support rod is between the deviation-correcting post-casting strip and the reaction support. A pressure plate is also arranged at the inner end of the boosting support rod, and a pad is also vertically arranged on the outer side wall of the deviation-correcting post-casting strip. A roller is also arranged at the inner end of the pressure plate, and the removable clamp of the roller is arranged between the pad and the pressure plate. The boosting support rod and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip are rolled against each other through the roller.

[0017] The correction method includes the following steps:

[0018] Step S1, setting out and positioning the offset pile foundation waiting for correction, excavating the original soil layer of the offset pile foundation downward by 600mm, and excavating and exposing the correction post-casting belt of the inclined surface of the offset pile foundation;

[0019] Step S2, measuring the reaction force support point, and constructing Larsen steel sheet piles as reaction force supports at the support points, wherein the support surface of the reaction force support remains vertical, and the support surface of the reaction force support is parallel to the vertical surface of the deviated pile foundation after final correction;

[0020] Step S3, replacing the top of the original soil layer exposed by excavation with graded sand and gravel as a bearing layer, and paving and compacting the top of the bearing layer;

[0021] Step S4, placing a force transmission rod on the top of the bearing layer, and stabilizing the inner side surface of the reaction force support against the outer end surface of the force transmission rod;

[0022] Step S5, placing a jack on the vertical inner side of the pressure plate at the inner end of the force transmission rod, pressing the base of the jack against the inner side of the pressure plate, pressing the telescopic end of the jack against the deviation-correcting post-casting strip, starting to support the jack, and performing a push-pushing deviation-correcting operation on the deviated pile foundation;

[0023] Step S6, after the jack pushes the offset pile foundation back to the set position, 2-3 H-shaped steels are used as force-adding struts, and the cut force-adding struts are at the same distance from the reaction support and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip, and a plurality of the force-adding struts are inserted parallel to each other between the reaction support and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip until each of the force-adding struts forms an effective support between the reaction support and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip, and the jack is retracted so that the force-transmitting rod and the jack are no longer supported, and the force-transmitting rod and the jack are recovered;

[0024] When the offset pile foundation is not deflected in other directions, step S10 is performed; when the offset pile foundation is deflected in other directions, step S7 is performed;

[0025] Step S7, after the jack pushes the offset pile foundation back to the set position, take 2-3 H-shaped steels as booster rods, insert the booster rods parallel to each other between the reaction support and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip, and insert the inner end of the booster rods into the groove of the pressure plate, and the outer wall of the deviation-correcting post-casting strip into the groove of the pad, so that the flat surfaces of the pressure plate and the pad are opposite, and insert a roller between the pressure plate and the pad to form a rolling connection between the pressure plate and the pad, ensuring that the booster rod and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip form a stable support when there is no external force, shrink the jack, so that the force transmission rod and the jack are no longer supported, and recycle the force transmission rod and the jack;

[0026] Step S8, checking the other inclined surface of the offset pile foundation, repeating steps S1-S6 on the outer side of the offset post-casting strip of the other inclined surface of the offset pile foundation, until the offset pile foundation is upright in all directions, and then proceeding to step S9;

[0027] Step S9, remove the pressure plate, the pad and the roller, and re-insert another force-adding support rod, so that the two ends of the newly-inserted force-adding support rod are tightly pressed between the deviation-correcting post-casting strip and the reaction support, and ensure that the two ends of the force-adding support rod are respectively perpendicular to the planes where the deviation-correcting post-casting strip and the reaction support are located;

[0028] Step S10, using a plurality of templates, blocking the left and right sides of all the said booster struts in all directions of the offset pile foundation, pouring super-strong concrete outside the templates on the left and right sides of all the booster struts, taking out all the booster struts and the templates on both sides after the concrete solidifies and takes shape, and pouring concrete in the cavity formed after each booster strut and the two templates are taken out, and waiting for it to solidify and take shape to form an effective continuous support to complete the construction.

[0029] Furthermore, the bearing layer is graded sand and gravel, the thickness of the bearing layer is 200 mm, and the top plane of the bearing layer is a flat surface.

[0030] Furthermore, the force transmission rod and the force support rod are both H-shaped steel;

[0031] The inner end of the force transmission rod is also provided with a rib plate and a pressure plate, wherein the rib plate is a flat steel plate in the shape of a right triangle or a right trapezoid, and the pressure plate is a square flat steel plate;

[0032] The pressure-bearing plate is perpendicular to the axis of the force-transmitting rod, and the pressure-bearing plate is sealed and welded to the inner end surface of the force-transmitting rod;

[0033] There are two ribs, which are symmetrically welded in the grooves on both sides of the web of the dowel rod. Both ribs are located on the axial plane of the dowel rod, and the ribs are parallel to the flange plate of the dowel rod. The inner ends of the two ribs are welded and fixed to the pressure plate.

[0034] A transverse support rod may be arranged between any two adjacent force transmission rods, and the transverse support rod is detachably supported horizontally between the two force transmission rods.

[0035] Furthermore, the reaction force bearing is a Larsen steel sheet pile or a pressure-bearing post-cast strip, the pressure-bearing post-cast strip is a concrete block structure, and the side wall of the pressure-bearing post-cast strip is opposite to the side wall of the deviation-correcting post-cast strip and is arranged parallel to each other.

[0036] Furthermore, it also includes an anti-sliding block, the pressure plate and the backing plate are both channel steels, and the anti-sliding block is a steel plate;

[0037] The pad is clamped between the roller and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip, the roller is vertically arranged, and the roller is a steel cylinder;

[0038] The outer wall of the deviation-correcting post-casting strip is clamped in the groove of the backing plate, the anti-sliding block is arranged on the top of the deviation-correcting post-casting strip, and the anti-sliding block can be removed and filled in the gap between the top of the backing plate and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip;

[0039] The inner end of the force-adding support rod is tightly pressed against the groove of the pressure plate.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The device adds a reaction support, which can provide horizontal support force through its unique support structure, and can provide sufficient reverse support force even in a relatively soft original soil layer, so that the offset pile foundation can be reversely supported and corrected at a low speed, uniformly and stably through the jack combined with the force transmission rod, and sufficient space is left through the force transmission rod to pour concrete, fix the offset pile foundation, and form a continuous effective support;

[0041] 2. This device can support and correct the same offset pile foundation in multiple directions. It can also design the support direction according to the actual deflection angle of the pile foundation, and cast the correction post-cast strip in the direction where support is required, so that the offset pile foundation can obtain accurate support direction and angle, which is not limited by the shape of the offset pile foundation itself, and the correction direction is accurate and the correction method is flexible.

[0042] 3. This device also adds force-added support rods and rollers, which can support the offset pile foundation on both sides and can roll to support it, so as to facilitate the vertical support on the other side. This device can support it from multiple different directions, and the side can also be rolled to support it, which allows the offset pile foundation to move in the positive correction direction and avoids the offset pile foundation from tilting to the side when the jack supports it from the front, providing support forces in more directions for the correction of the offset pile foundation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Figure 1 It is a top view schematic diagram of the supporting structure on both sides of the offset pile foundation of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the offset pile foundation top support state of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the force support rod of the present invention being supported by rollers;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the force support rod fixing the top support of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner end of the force transmission rod of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 It is a top view schematic diagram of a fixing top support structure of a force-adding support rod of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the supporting structure of the force transmission rod and the fixed pressure-bearing post-casting belt of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the deviation correction device around the offset pile foundation of the present invention.

[0052] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0053] 1-reaction support, 11-bearing layer, 12-original soil layer, 2-force transmission rod, 21-rib plate, 22-pressure plate, 23-lateral support rod, 3-force support rod, 31-pressure plate, 32-roller, 33-pad, 34-anti-sliding block, 4-jack, 5-correction post-casting belt, 51-pressure post-casting belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] See also Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a method for correcting an offset pile foundation cap. In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the specification and specific implementation methods.

[0055] In a specific embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention:

[0056] The deviation-correcting device comprises a reaction force support 1, an original soil layer 12, a force transmission rod 2, a force-adding support rod 3, a jack 4 and a deviation-correcting post-casting belt 5;

[0057] The original soil layer 12 is the original soil structure of the offset pile foundation, and the top of the original soil layer 12 is covered with a bearing layer 11; the bearing layer 11 is graded sand and gravel, the thickness of the bearing layer 11 is 200 mm, and the top plane of the bearing layer 11 is a flat surface.

[0058] The correction post-casting strip 5 is a concrete block structure, and each deflected side wall of the offset pile foundation is provided with a correction post-casting strip 5. The correction post-casting strips 5 of the side walls of the offset pile foundation are not fixed to each other to ensure that they are not connected and do not interfere with each other during correction;

[0059] The reaction support 1 is a Larsen steel sheet pile or a pressure-bearing post-cast strip 51. The pressure-bearing post-cast strip 51 is a concrete block structure. The side wall of the pressure-bearing post-cast strip 51 is opposite to the side wall of the deviation-correcting post-cast strip 5 and is arranged parallel to each other. The reaction support 1 can also be a pressure-bearing post-cast strip 51 or a Larsen steel sheet pile. According to the actual construction site conditions, one of them can be selected for use when sufficient reverse supporting force is ensured.

[0060] If Larsen steel sheet piles are selected for the reaction support 1, the bottom needs to be vertically inserted in the original soil layer 12, and the top needs to be exposed above the original soil layer 12. If the pressure-bearing post-casting strip 51 is selected, the reaction support 1 needs to be stably supported on the top of the original soil layer 12 to ensure stable support. After the final support is completed, the deflected surface of the offset pile foundation needs to be supported to the support surface of the reaction support 1, that is, in a vertical state;

[0061] The force transmission rod 2 is a straight rod, and the force transmission rod 2 and the jack 4 are both horizontally placed on the top of the bearing layer 11; the force transmission rod 2 and the force support rod 3 are both H-shaped steel;

[0062] The inner end of the force transmission rod 2 is also provided with a rib plate 21 and a pressure plate 22. The rib plate 21 is a flat steel plate in the shape of a right triangle or a right trapezoid, and the pressure plate 22 is a square flat steel plate.

[0063] The pressure plate 22 is perpendicular to the axis of the force transmission rod 2, and the pressure plate 22 is sealed and welded to the inner end surface of the force transmission rod 2;

[0064] There are two ribs 21, which are symmetrically welded in the grooves on both sides of the web of the force transmission rod 2. The two ribs 21 are both on the axial plane of the force transmission rod 2, and the ribs 21 are parallel to the flange plate of the force transmission rod 2. The inner ends of the two ribs 21 are welded and fixed to the pressure plate 22 as an integral structure, forming a stable supporting base for the jack 4.

[0065] A transverse support rod 23 can be arranged between any two adjacent force transmission rods 2. The transverse support rod 23 can be detachably supported horizontally between the two force transmission rods 2. The adjacent force transmission rods 2 are supported horizontally by the transverse support rod 23 to ensure that the force transmission rods 2 will not become unstable in the horizontal direction and form a stable linkage support to form a stronger support structure. The specific structure is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the transverse support rod 23 can be installed between the upper and lower wing plates of the force transmission rod 2;

[0066] Similarly, transverse struts 23 may be installed between adjacent reinforcing struts 3 as a horizontal reinforcement structure, which may be mounted between the upper and lower wing plates of the reinforcing struts 3 .

[0067] The base of the jack 4 is stably against the inner end of the force transmission rod 2, and the telescopic end of the jack 4 is tightly against the side wall of the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5; the jack 4 is clamped between the force transmission rod 2 and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5 to ensure that the force direction of the top support is in the same straight line;

[0068] The axes of the jack 4 and the force transmission rod 2 are in the same straight line. Due to the on-site construction error, and the requirement of the axis of the device is only to avoid distortion and instability during support, the axis offset does not exceed 10mm, and the axis of the force transmission rod 2 is perpendicular to the supporting surface of the reaction support 1;

[0069] The boosting strut 3 is a straight rod, and the removable top support of the boosting strut 3 is between the correcting post-cast strip 5 and the reaction support 1. A pressure plate 31 is also provided at the inner end of the boosting strut 3, and a roller 32 is also provided at the inner end of the pressure plate 31. The roller 32 is clamped between the pad 33 and the pressure plate 31, so that the pad 33 and the pressure plate 31 can move relative to each other through the roller 32, so that the boosting strut 3 and the correcting post-cast strip 5 can roll against each other through the roller 32.

[0070] The roller can also be removed so that the pad 33 and the pressure plate 31 can be directly abutted against each other for stable support. At this time, the pad 33 and the pressure plate 31 cannot be translated.

[0071] A pad 33 and an anti-sliding block 34 may also be provided at the inner end of the force-adding support rod 3. The pressure plate 31 and the pad 33 are both channel steels, and the anti-sliding block 34 is a steel plate.

[0072] The pad 33 is clamped between the roller 32 and the deviation-correcting post-casting belt 5, and the roller 32 is vertically arranged and is a steel cylinder;

[0073] The outer wall of the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5 is clamped in the groove of the backing plate 33, and the anti-sliding block 34 is arranged on the top of the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5. The anti-sliding block 34 can be removed and filled in the gap between the top of the backing plate 33 and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5;

[0074] The inner end of the force support rod 3 is pressed tightly against the groove of the pressure plate 31 .

[0075] When support is needed, such as Figure 3 As shown, between the pressure plate 31 and the pad 33, the force-adding support rod 3 and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5 can be relatively displaced by the roller 32 under the action of a huge external force;

[0076] When stable support is required, the roller 32 is not installed, such as Figure 4 As shown, the pressure plate 31 and the pad 33 are directly pressed against each other to ensure stable support. At this time, the force support rod 3 and the deviation correction post-casting strip 5 are stably supported and cannot be displaced, ensuring stable support. The pressure plate 31 and the pad 33 can prevent the huge pressure of the force support rod 3 from crushing the concrete surface, and can also ensure that the pressure at the top support is small but the pressure is large, and the force is evenly applied.

[0077] It should be noted that:

[0078] 1. When the supporting force of the original soil layer 12 is insufficient, the offset pile foundation will deflect. Therefore, the reaction support 1 of this device is used to provide reverse force to the force transmission rod 2 or the force support rod 3. However, in some engineering construction, when pouring the deviation correction post-casting strip 5, the pressure post-casting strip 51 can also be poured to replace the Larsen steel sheet pile. The reaction support 1 can be used in the pressure post-casting strip 51 and the tensile steel sheet pile. The pressure post-casting strip 51 has a stronger bearing effect, but the pouring direction and position are not as flexible as the Larsen steel sheet pile as the reaction support 1. Therefore, when the angle is slightly deviated or the direction is wrong, the pressure post-casting strip 51 can be poured on the original soil layer 12. The reaction support 1 of the reverse support of this device is selected for construction according to the actual situation. The construction method is flexible, the operation is simple, and the reverse support strength and stability are higher;

[0079] 2. The existing device does not have such a directional support device, and does not consider the reverse top support correction operation of the offset pile foundation, resulting in insufficient support strength of the offset pile body, and the subsequent reinforcement and pile construction are cumbersome. Reinforcement requires excavation of a large area of ​​pile foundation and reinforcement of the pile foundation. Even after reinforcement, the ultimate bearing capacity of the pile foundation cannot meet the original design requirements. The pile needs to be rearranged, and adding another pile foundation is equivalent to driving an extra pile foundation. The construction operation is cumbersome, and the previous offset pile foundation is equivalent to being scrapped, which is useless. Moreover, once If the piles are also deflected in the later stage, it will be even more troublesome, resulting in the hidden danger of insufficient support strength in the construction project. In addition, this repeated operation of piling and reinforcing greatly prolongs the construction period. The device can push back the deflected pile foundation with a small degree of deflection to straighten it and achieve the purpose of correction. The deflected pile foundation that is deflected due to various reasons can reach the preset lateral support strength and meet the building bearing capacity requirements. In addition, the device can not only push the pile foundation in the reverse direction, but also push it from different angles at the same time, and the pushing forces for correction do not conflict with each other.

[0080] 3. After the device corrects the deviation of the offset pile foundation, it is also changed to a force-added support rod 3 for stable and continuous top support to avoid the unstable top thrust of the jack 4 during long-term support. The device stabilizes and limits the top support through the force-added support rod 3, and then pours the top support concrete, so that the reaction support 1 and the deviation-correcting post-cast strip 5 of the offset pile foundation form a more stable overall force-bearing structure, which not only plays a role in stable support, but also can prevent the situation of deflection again due to insufficient structural strength of the original soil layer 12, and can continuously and stably support and limit the offset pile foundation, so that the soil layer near the offset pile foundation can form a stable overall force through the concrete poured later, so that the overall structural strength of the building pile foundation is higher.

[0081] When the device is actually used to correct the deviation of the deviated pile foundation, the following correction method is used for construction, and the steps are as follows:

[0082] Step 1, setting out and positioning the offset pile foundation waiting for correction, excavating the original soil layer 12 of the offset pile foundation downward by 600mm, and excavating and exposing the correction post-casting belt 5 of the inclined surface of the offset pile foundation;

[0083] Step 2, measuring the reaction force support point, and constructing Larsen steel sheet piles as reaction force bearings 1 at the support points, the support surface of the reaction force bearing 1 remains vertical, and the support surface of the reaction force bearing 1 is parallel to the vertical surface of the deviated pile foundation after final correction; in a specific pile foundation, especially when the pressure-bearing post-casting strip 51 can be cast at the same height as the correction post-casting strip 5, or when there is a building structure with a pressure-bearing post-casting strip 51, the pressure-bearing post-casting strip 51 can be considered as the reaction force bearing 1, and when it is inconvenient to cast the pressure-bearing post-casting strip 51, the Larsen steel sheet pile can be selected as the reaction force bearing 1;

[0084] Step 3, replace the top of the original soil layer 12 exposed by excavation with graded sand and gravel as the bearing layer 11, and lay the top of the bearing layer 11 flat and compact it; the main function of replacing the graded sand and gravel is to improve the bearing capacity of the foundation, reduce the foundation settlement, accelerate drainage and consolidation, and prevent the foundation soil from frost heaving.

[0085] By replacing the soft soil layer with stronger sand or other filling materials, the bearing capacity of the foundation can be significantly improved and foundation damage can be avoided. Secondly, replacing graded sand and gravel can reduce foundation settlement. Replacing shallow soft soil with dense sand and gravel materials can reduce the settlement of the foundation. At the same time, due to the stress diffusion effect, the settlement of the underlying soil layer will also be reduced accordingly. In addition, replacing graded sand and gravel can also accelerate drainage and consolidation. Sand and gravel have high permeability and can quickly drain water when under pressure, accelerate the consolidation of the soil layer, and increase the strength of the force.

[0086] Step 4, placing the force transmission rod 2 on the top of the bearing layer 11, and making the inner side surface of the reaction force support 1 butt against the outer end surface of the force transmission rod 2 for stability;

[0087] Step 5, the pressure plate 22 welded on the inner end face of the force transmission rod 2 is oriented toward the side of the offset pile foundation, and the jack 4 is placed on the vertical inner side of the pressure plate 22 on the inner end face of the force transmission rod 2, and the base of the jack 4 is pressed against the inner side of the pressure plate 22, and the telescopic end of the jack 4 is pressed against the deviation correction post-casting belt 5, and the jack 4 is started to be supported to perform a push correction operation on the offset pile foundation;

[0088] Step 6, after the jack 4 pushes the offset pile foundation back to the set position, take 2-3 H-shaped steels as booster rods 3, the intercepted booster rods 3 are at the same distance as the reaction support 1 and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5, insert multiple booster rods 3 in parallel between the reaction support 1 and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5, until each booster rod 3 forms an effective booster between the reaction support 1 and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5, retract the jack 4, so that the force transfer rod 2 and the jack 4 are no longer supported, and retract the force transfer rod 2 and the jack 4;

[0089] When the offset pile foundation has no deflection in other directions, proceed to step 10; when the offset pile foundation has deflection in other directions, proceed to step 7;

[0090] Step 7, after the jack 4 pushes the offset pile foundation back to the set position, according to the width of the offset pile foundation, 2-3 H-shaped steels can be used as booster rods 3, and the booster rods 3 are inserted parallel to each other between the reaction support 1 and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5, and the inner end of the booster rod 3 is inserted into the groove of the pressure plate 31, and the outer wall of the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5 is inserted into the groove of the pad 33, so that the flat surfaces of the pressure plate 31 and the pad 33 are opposite, and a roller 32 is inserted between the pressure plate 31 and the pad 33 to form a rolling connection between the pressure plate 31 and the pad 33, and the length of the intercepted booster rod 3 is less than the spacing between the reaction support 1 and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5, so as to ensure that the booster rod 3 and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5 form a stable support when there is no external force pushing; then retract the jack 4, so that the force transmission rod 2 and the jack 4 are no longer supported, and the force transmission rod 2 and the jack 4 are recovered;

[0091] Step 8, check the other inclined surface of the offset pile foundation, repeat steps 1-6 on the outside of the offset post-casting strip 5 of the other inclined surface of the offset pile foundation, until the offset pile foundation is upright in all directions, that is, Figure 1 As shown, when the offset pile foundation originally tilts to the left and downward at the same time, the left side of the offset pile foundation is first supported to make the offset pile foundation move to the right or tilt, so that the offset pile foundation completes the force application operation in this direction. The left side has been completed by the jack. At this time, it is necessary to apply force downward to the offset pile foundation, and the roller 32 needs to be clamped between the force support rod 3 and the deviation correction post-casting belt 5 for rolling support. When the upper jack 4 is supported by the force transmission rod 2, the offset pile foundation will not be restricted by the force support rod 3 on the left and cannot move, but through the roller 32, the offset pile foundation is moved downward relative to the force support rod 3, and the force support rod 3 always remains different, only the roller 32 rotates. Because the supporting amplitude of the offset pile foundation is very small, the displacement or rotation amplitude is not large, generally not exceeding 10 cm, the force support rod 3 always maintains stable support, and after the force application in multiple directions is completed, step 9 is performed;

[0092] Step 9, remove the pressure plate 31, the pad 33 and the roller 32, and re-insert another force-adding support rod 3, so that the two ends of the newly-inserted force-adding support rod 3 are tightly pressed between the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5 and the reaction support 1, and ensure that the two ends of the force-adding support rod 3 are respectively perpendicular to the planes where the deviation-correcting post-casting strip 5 and the reaction support 1 are located;

[0093] Step 10, take a plurality of templates, block all the force-added struts 3 on both sides of the offset pile foundation in all directions, pour super-strong concrete outside the templates on both sides of all the force-added struts 3, and take out all the force-added struts 3 and the templates on both sides after the concrete solidifies and takes shape, and also pour concrete in the cavity formed after each force-added strut 3 and two templates are taken out, and wait for it to solidify and take shape to form an effective and continuous support, and replace the position of the force-added struts 3 with the subsequent poured concrete to achieve the goal of casting the deviation-correcting post-cast strip 5 and the reaction support 1 as an integral structure, so that the two can reinforce each other for a long time, make the overall bearing capacity stronger, and continue to support and position, and when pouring concrete, a steel skeleton can be placed to enhance the overall bearing capacity and complete the construction.

[0094] The inner side of the device refers to the side that supports the offset pile foundation, while the outer side refers to the side that faces the reaction support 1; in addition, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0095] Although the specific implementation modes of the present invention are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific implementation modes described are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Equivalent modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for correcting a deviated pile foundation cap, characterized in that: The deviation correction method needs to be completed through the deviation correction device, and the deviation correction device includes: a reaction support (1), an original soil layer (12), a force transmission rod (2), a force support rod (3), a jack (4) and a deviation correction post-casting belt (5); The original soil layer (12) is the original soil structure of the offset pile foundation, and the top of the original soil layer (12) is covered with a bearing layer (11); The corrective post-casting strip (5) is a concrete block structure, and each deflected side wall of the deflected pile foundation is provided with a corrective post-casting strip (5), and the corrective post-casting strips (5) of the side walls of the deflected pile foundation are not fixed to each other; The reaction force support (1) is a stable supporting platform, and the inner side wall of the reaction force support (1) is vertically arranged above the original soil layer (12); The force transmission rod (2) is a straight rod, and the force transmission rod (2) and the jack (4) are both horizontally placed on the top of the bearing layer (11); The base of the jack (4) is stably pressed against the inner end of the force transmission rod (2), and the telescopic end of the jack (4) is tightly pressed against the side wall of the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5); The axes of the jack (4) and the force transmission rod (2) are on the same straight line, and the axis of the force transmission rod (2) is perpendicular to the supporting surface of the reaction force support (1); The boosting support rod (3) is a straight rod, and the boosting support rod (3) is removably supported between the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5) and the reaction support (1). A pressure plate (31) is also arranged at the inner end of the boosting support rod (3), and a pad (33) is also vertically arranged on the outer side wall of the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5). A roller (32) is also arranged at the inner end of the pressure plate (31), and the roller (32) is removably clamped between the pad (33) and the pressure plate (31). The boosting support rod (3) and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5) are rolled against each other through the roller (32); The correction method includes the following steps: Step S1, setting out and positioning the offset pile foundation waiting for correction, excavating the original soil layer (12) of the offset pile foundation downward by 600 mm, and excavating and exposing the correction post-casting strip (5) on the inclined surface of the offset pile foundation; Step S2, measuring the reaction force support point, and constructing Larsen steel sheet piles at the support point as reaction force supports (1), wherein the support surface of the reaction force support (1) remains vertical, and the support surface of the reaction force support (1) is parallel to the vertical surface of the deviated pile foundation after final correction; Step S3, replacing the top of the original soil layer (12) exposed by excavation with graded sand and gravel as the bearing layer (11), and paving and compacting the top of the bearing layer (11); Step S4, placing a force transmission rod (2) on the top of the bearing layer (11), and placing the inner side surface of the reaction force support (1) against the outer end surface of the force transmission rod (2) for stability; Step S5, placing a jack (4) at the inner end of the force transmission rod (2), pressing the base of the jack (4) against the inner end surface of the force transmission rod (2), pressing the telescopic end of the jack (4) against the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5), starting to support the jack (4), and performing a push-pushing deviation-correcting operation on the deviated pile foundation; Step S6, after the jack (4) pushes the offset pile foundation back to the set position, 2-3 H-shaped steels are used as force-adding struts (3), and the spacing between the cut force-adding struts (3) and the reaction support (1) and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5) is the same. A plurality of force-adding struts (3) are inserted parallel to each other between the reaction support (1) and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5), until each force-adding strut (3) forms an effective support between the reaction support (1) and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5), and the jack (4) is retracted so that the force-transmitting rod (2) and the jack (4) are no longer supported, and the force-transmitting rod (2) and the jack (4) are recovered; When the offset pile foundation is not deflected in other directions, step S10 is performed; when the offset pile foundation is deflected in other directions, step S7 is performed; Step S7, after the jack (4) pushes the deviated pile foundation back to the set position, 2-3 H-shaped steels are used as force support rods (3), and the force support rods (3) are inserted parallel to each other between the reaction support (1) and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5), and the inner ends of the force support rods (3) are inserted into the grooves of the pressure plate (31), and the outer side walls of the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5) are inserted into the grooves of the pad (33), so that the pressure plate (31) The roller (32) is placed opposite to the flat surface of the pad (33), and between the pressure plate (31) and the pad (33), so as to form a rolling connection between the pressure plate (31) and the pad (33), so as to ensure that the force support rod (3) and the deviation correction post-casting strip (5) form a stable support when there is no external force, and the jack (4) is retracted so that the force transmission rod (2) and the jack (4) are no longer supported, and the force transmission rod (2) and the jack (4) are recovered; Step S8, check the other inclined surface of the offset pile foundation, repeat steps S1-S6 on the outside of the deviation correction post-casting strip (5) of the other inclined surface of the offset pile foundation, until the offset pile foundation is upright in all directions, and proceed to step S9; Step S9, remove the pressure plate (31), the pad (33) and the roller (32), and re-insert another force-adding support rod (3), so that the two ends of the newly-inserted force-adding support rod (3) are tightly pressed between the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5) and the reaction force support (1), and ensure that the two ends of the force-adding support rod (3) are respectively perpendicular to the planes where the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5) and the reaction force support (1) are located; Step S10, using a plurality of templates, blocking the left and right sides of all the said force-added struts (3) in all directions of the offset pile foundation, pouring super-strong concrete outside the templates on the left and right sides of all the force-added struts (3), and after the concrete solidifies and forms, taking out all the force-added struts (3) and the templates on both sides, and also pouring concrete in the cavity formed after each force-added strut (3) and the two templates are taken out, and after it solidifies and forms, forming an effective continuous support, the construction is completed.

2. A deviation correction method for a deviated pile foundation cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing layer (11) is graded sand and gravel, the thickness of the bearing layer (11) is 200 mm, and the top plane of the bearing layer (11) is a flat surface.

3. The method for correcting a deviation of a pile foundation cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force transmission rod (2) and the force support rod (3) are both H-shaped steel; The inner end of the force transmission rod (2) is also provided with a rib plate (21) and a pressure plate (22), wherein the rib plate (21) is a flat steel plate in the shape of a right triangle or a right trapezoid, and the pressure plate (22) is a square flat steel plate; The pressure-bearing plate (22) is perpendicular to the axis of the force-transmitting rod (2), and the pressure-bearing plate (22) is sealed and welded to the inner end surface of the force-transmitting rod (2); There are two ribs (21), which are symmetrically welded in the grooves on both sides of the web of the force transmission rod (2), and the two ribs (21) are both located on the axial plane of the force transmission rod (2), and the ribs (21) are parallel to the flange plate of the force transmission rod (2), and the inner ends of the two ribs (21) are welded and fixed to the pressure plate (22); A transverse support rod (23) may also be arranged between any two adjacent force transmission rods (2), and the transverse support rod (23) is detachably supported horizontally between the two force transmission rods (2).

4. The method for correcting a deviated pile foundation cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction force support (1) is a Larsen steel sheet pile or a pressure-bearing post-cast strip (51), and the pressure-bearing post-cast strip (51) is a concrete block structure. The side wall of the pressure-bearing post-cast strip (51) stands opposite to the side wall of the deviation-correcting post-cast strip (5) and is arranged parallel to each other.

5. The method for correcting a deviated pile foundation cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an anti-sliding block (34), the pressure plate (31) and the backing plate (33) are both channel steels, and the anti-sliding block (34) is a steel plate; The pad (33) is clamped between the roller (32) and the deviation-correcting post-casting belt (5), the roller (32) is vertically arranged, and the roller (32) is a steel cylinder; The outer wall of the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5) is clamped in the groove of the backing plate (33), and the anti-sliding block (34) is arranged on the top of the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5). The anti-sliding block (34) can be removed and filled in the gap between the top of the backing plate (33) and the deviation-correcting post-casting strip (5); The inner end of the force-adding support rod (3) is tightly pressed against the groove of the pressure plate (31).

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