Mechanical quick connecting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical quick connecting device which comprises a connecting device body and accessory lug plates, the connecting device body comprises a bottom plate, side plates and supporting plates, the two opposite sides of the bottom plate are each provided with one side plate, the supporting plates are arranged at the rear ends of the bottom plate and the two side plates, and a first pin shaft and a second pin shaft are arranged between the two side plates; a wedge-shaped block is arranged behind the supporting plate, a guide rod and a bolt are arranged between the supporting plate and the wedge-shaped block, a detachable O-shaped pin is assembled on the guide rod and located on the portion, outside the wedge-shaped block, of the guide rod, and the first pin shaft, the second pin shaft and the wedge-shaped block are arranged at the front, middle and rear positions. The number of the accessory lug plates is two, and each accessory lug plate comprises a first clamping groove located in the front end of the accessory lug plate, a second clamping groove located in the top of the accessory lug plate and a third clamping groove located in the rear end of the accessory lug plate. The first pin shaft is clamped into the first clamping groove, the second pin shaft is clamped into the second clamping groove, and the wedge-shaped block is clamped into the third clamping groove; the connecting device is small in size and light in weight, and the mounting efficiency of the main machine and the accessories is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular relates to a mechanical quick connection device. Background Art

[0002] The quick-connect device allows the excavator to quickly connect to the attachments, reducing the difficulty of disassembly and assembly, and efficiently completing a variety of operations, realizing "one machine for multiple uses and one machine for multiple functions". Currently, most of the quick-change devices on the market are semi-automatic and fully automatic, and the attachments are connected through the hydraulic cylinder driving the lock hook and other structures. The structure is complex, the volume is large, and the cost is high. The few mechanical quick-change devices mostly use mechanical cylinders instead of hydraulic cylinders, and there is no obvious change in volume and cost.

[0003] Patent document ZL202322340644.2 discloses a mechanical quick-change device that does not use a mechanical cylinder and has a reduced overall height. However, it uses a large number of components such as pins, telescopic shafts, screws, and springs. The pins still use the traditional 4 pins, that is, the 2 pins on the upper part of the quick-change body are used to connect with the host, and the 2 pins on the lower part of the quick-change body are used to connect with the accessories. The number of pins remains unchanged, so the reduction in the overall height of the quick-change is not large. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a mechanical quick connection device, which has a simple structure, a small size, and a low cost, and is particularly suitable for small and micro excavators.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A mechanical quick connection device comprises a connection device body and an attachment ear plate. The connecting device body comprises a bottom plate, a side plate and a support plate, a side plate is arranged on each of the two opposite sides of the bottom plate, a support plate is arranged at the rear ends of the bottom plate and the two side plates, a first pin shaft and a second pin shaft are arranged between the two side plates, a wedge block is arranged at the rear of the support plate, a guide rod and a bolt are arranged between the support plate and the wedge block, the length of the bolt controls the distance between the support plate and the wedge block, a detachable O-shaped pin is assembled on the guide rod, the O-shaped pin is located on the guide rod outside the wedge block, and the first pin shaft, the second pin shaft and the wedge block are arranged in the front, middle and rear positions; There are two attachment ear plates, each of which includes a first card slot at the front end, a second card slot at the top, and a third card slot at the rear end; The two ends of the first pin shaft are clamped into the first clamping groove, the two ends of the second pin shaft are clamped into the second clamping groove, and the two ends of the wedge block are clamped into the third clamping groove.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, a pin hole is provided at the rear end of the guide rod, and an O-type pin is detachably assembled in the pin hole.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, there are two guide rods, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the bolt, and the two guide rods and the bolt are arranged parallel to each other.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the bolts pass through the through holes on the wedge block and the through holes on the support plate in sequence from the rear end of the wedge block, and are fixed to the front end of the support plate by nuts.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the through holes on the wedge block and the support plate for the bolts to pass through are arranged concentrically and coaxially.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, one end of the guide rod is fixed to the support plate, the other end of the guide rod passes through the through hole on the wedge block, and the O-shaped pin is assembled in the pin hole for positioning.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, both ends of the first pin shaft pass through the through holes located on the side plates at both ends, and both ends of the second pin shaft pass through the through holes located on the side plates at both ends, and bushings are provided on the through holes through which the first pin shaft and the second pin shaft pass.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The mechanical quick connection device of the present invention is small in size and light in weight, and effectively improves the installation efficiency of the host machine and accessories. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the attachment in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a usage state diagram of the present invention; Among them: 1-bottom plate, 2-side plate, 3-support plate, 4-guide rod, 401-pin hole, 5-nut, 6-wedge block, 7-bolt, 8-O-pin, 9-first pin shaft, 10-second pin shaft, 11-sleeve, 12-accessory ear plate, 1201-first slot, 1202-second slot, 1203-third slot, 13-accessory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0015] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a mechanical quick connection device includes a connection device body, an attachment ear plate 12 and an attachment 13, two attachment ear plates 12 are arranged on the attachment 13, the connection device body and the attachment 13 are connected through the two attachment ear plates 12, the connection device body includes a bottom plate 1, a side plate 2 and a support plate 3, a side plate 2 is arranged on each of the two opposite sides of the bottom plate 1, the support plate 3 is arranged at the rear end of the bottom plate 1 and the two side plates 2, a first pin shaft 9 and a second pin shaft 10 are arranged between the two side plates, a wedge block 6 is arranged at the rear of the support plate 3, a guide rod 4 and a bolt 7 are arranged between the support plate 3 and the wedge block 6, and the length of the bolt 7 To control the distance between the support plate 3 and the wedge block 6, a detachable O-pin 8 is installed on the guide rod 4, and the O-pin 8 is located on the guide rod 4 outside the wedge block 6. The first pin shaft 9, the second pin shaft 10 and the wedge block 6 are arranged in the front, middle and rear positions; there are two accessory ear plates 12, and each accessory ear plate 12 includes a first card slot 1201 located at its front end, a second card slot 1202 located at its top and a third card slot 1203 located at its rear end; both ends of the first pin shaft 9 are inserted into the first card slot 1201, both ends of the second pin shaft 10 are inserted into the second card slot 1202, and both ends of the wedge block 6 are inserted into the third card slot 1203.

[0016] A pin hole 401 is provided at the rear end of the guide rod 4 , and the O-shaped pin 8 is detachably assembled in the pin hole 401 .

[0017] There are two guide rods 4 , which are respectively arranged on both sides of the bolt 7 , and the two guide rods 4 and the bolt 7 are arranged parallel to each other.

[0018] The bolt 7 passes through the through hole on the wedge block 6 and the through hole on the support plate 3 in sequence from the rear end of the wedge block 6, and is fixed by a nut from the front end of the support plate 3.

[0019] The through holes on the wedge block 6 and the support plate 3 for the bolts 7 to pass through are arranged concentrically and coaxially.

[0020] One end of the guide rod 4 is fixed on the support plate 3 , and the other end of the guide rod 4 passes through the through hole on the wedge block 6 , and the O-shaped pin 8 is assembled in the pin hole 401 for positioning.

[0021] Both ends of the first pin shaft 9 pass through the through holes located on the side plates 2 at both ends thereof, and both ends of the second pin shaft 10 pass through the through holes located on the side plates 2 at both ends thereof. Bushings 11 are provided on the through holes through which the first pin shaft 9 and the second pin shaft 10 pass.

[0022] The mechanical quick connection device of the present invention is used to connect the accessory 13, which is an excavator bucket, or other parts to be connected, such as a drill bit. When in use, it is only necessary to set an accessory ear plate on the part to be connected, and the accessory ear plate realizes the connection between the connecting device body and the accessory 13.

[0023] The working mode of the present invention is: 1. When using it for the first time, it is necessary to connect the connecting device body to the excavator host, including the following steps: The through hole at the front end of the side plate 2 is aligned with the hole of the excavator boom, and the fastener is installed after the first pin shaft 9 is inserted. The through hole at the rear end of the side plate 2 is aligned with the hole of the excavator connecting rod, and the fastener is installed after the second pin shaft 10 is inserted, thereby completing the connection between the connection device body and the excavator host. This connection step is the same as the direct connection between the accessories and the excavator host. It is highly professional and requires the operator to have a certain understanding of the quick change and the excavator host, distinguish the front and rear ends of the connection device body, and distinguish the boom and connecting rod of the excavator host. At the same time, the excavator host needs to cooperate during the connection process. One of the purposes of the present invention is to reduce the number of connections on site. If the connection device body is not used, each connection between the excavator host and the accessories requires the above operation. After adopting the connection device body designed by the present invention, this step is only required for the first connection.

[0024] 2. The method for connecting the connecting device body and the attachment comprises the following steps: Insert the first pin 9 and the sleeve 11 of the connecting device body into the first slot 1201 on the attachment ear plate 12, and insert the second pin 10 and the sleeve 11 into the second slot 1202 on the attachment ear plate 12. To manually install the wedge block 6, first sleeve the wedge block 6 onto the guide rod 4 and move the wedge block 6 forward until it contacts the third slot 1203 of the attachment ear plate 12, then tighten the bolt 7 and install the O-pin 8 on the pin hole 401 to complete the connection of the attachment.

[0025] 3. Disassembly steps of the connecting device and accessories: The disassembly sequence is opposite to the connection sequence, i.e., remove the O-pin 8, loosen the bolt 7, take out the wedge block 6, lift the second pin shaft 10 upward and away from the second slot 1202 on the attachment ear plate 12, and move the first pin shaft 9 forward and away from the first slot 1201 on the attachment ear plate 12, thereby realizing the quick disassembly of the attachment.

[0026] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. Small size and light weight improve the installation efficiency of the main machine and accessories. The connecting device body of the accessories is cleverly designed, and the concave and convex attachment ear plates and wedge blocks are used to replace the traditional pins for connection. The traditional 4 upper and lower pins are reduced to only 2 pins. The volume of the quick connection device is greatly reduced, especially the size in the height direction. The weight is also greatly reduced, which is conducive to improving the operating efficiency of the accessories and excavators.

[0027] 2. Cylinder-free design, simple structure and low cost. Pure mechanical quick change, no hydraulic cylinder or mechanical cylinder, only composed of plates, shafts and standard parts, common raw materials, easy to shape. Low cost and easy maintenance.

[0028] 3. Easy to disassemble and assemble. As mentioned above, the attachment can be disassembled and assembled by simply moving the wedge block. This greatly reduces the difficulty of switching attachments.

[0029] 4. High versatility. The connection parts of other accessories can be connected to the connection device body by referring to the above-mentioned ear plate design.

[0030] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical quick connection device, comprising a connection device body and an attachment ear plate (12), characterized in that: The connecting device body comprises a bottom plate (1), a side plate (2) and a support plate (3), wherein a side plate (2) is arranged on opposite sides of the bottom plate (1), a support plate (3) is arranged at the rear ends of the bottom plate (1) and the two side plates (2), a first pin shaft (9) and a second pin shaft (10) are arranged between the two side plates, a wedge block (6) is arranged at the rear of the support plate (3), a guide rod (4) and a bolt (7) are arranged between the support plate (3) and the wedge block (6), the length of the bolt (7) controls the distance between the support plate (3) and the wedge block (6), a detachable O-shaped pin (8) is mounted on the guide rod (4), the O-shaped pin (8) is located on the guide rod (4) outside the wedge block (6), and the first pin shaft (9), the second pin shaft (10) and the wedge block (6) are arranged in a front, middle and rear position; There are two attachment ear plates (12), and each attachment ear plate (12) comprises a first card slot (1201) located at the front end thereof, a second card slot (1202) located at the top thereof, and a third card slot (1203) located at the rear end thereof; The first pin shaft (9) is snapped into the first snap-in groove (1201), the end of the second pin shaft (10) is snapped into the second snap-in groove (1202), and the wedge block (6) is snapped into the third snap-in groove (1203).

2. A mechanical quick connection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pin hole (401) is provided at the rear end of the guide rod (4), and an O-shaped pin (8) is detachably assembled in the pin hole (401).

3. A mechanical quick connection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two guide rods (4), and the two guide rods (4) are respectively arranged on both sides of the bolt (7), and the two guide rods (4) and the bolt (7) are arranged parallel to each other.

4. A mechanical quick connection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bolt (7) passes through the through hole on the wedge block (6) and the through hole on the support plate (3) in sequence from the rear end of the wedge block (6), and is fixed by a nut from the front end of the support plate (3).

5. A mechanical quick connection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The through holes for the bolts (7) to pass through on the wedge block (6) and the support plate (3) are coaxially arranged.

6. A mechanical quick connection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the guide rod (4) is fixed on the support plate (3), the other end of the guide rod (4) passes through the through hole on the wedge block (6), and the O-shaped pin (8) is assembled in the pin hole (401) for positioning.

7. A mechanical quick connection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the first pin shaft (9) respectively pass through through holes located on the side plates (2) at both ends thereof, and the two ends of the second pin shaft (10) respectively pass through through holes located on the side plates (2) at both ends thereof, and shaft sleeves (11) are provided on the through holes through which the first pin shaft (9) and the second pin shaft (10) pass.

Images