Filtering and pre-cooling heat exchanger for helium throttling refrigerating machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a filtering and pre-cooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator, and particularly relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, the filtering and pre-cooling heat exchanger comprises a shell, a filtering element and a pre-cooling element, a filtering cavity and a pre-cooling cavity are formed in the shell, the filtering cavity is communicated with an inlet of the shell, the filtering cavity is communicated with the pre-cooling cavity, and the pre-cooling cavity is communicated with an outlet of the shell; the filter element is arranged in the filter cavity in a filling mode, and the pre-cooling element is fixedly installed in the pre-cooling cavity. The structure is compact, the flow resistance can be reduced, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the overall stability of a refrigerating system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, in particular to a filtering precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator. Background Art

[0002] Helium throttling refrigerator is a device that uses the throttling effect of helium to achieve refrigeration. When helium passes through the throttling valve, the pressure decreases due to local resistance. According to the Joule-Thomson effect (throttling effect), the temperature of the gas will decrease in this process, thus producing a refrigeration effect. This type of refrigerator is widely used in the fields of low-temperature physics and superconducting technology. For example, it provides a low-temperature environment for superconducting magnets, enables superconductors to work in a superconducting state, and reduces energy loss.

[0003] In a helium throttling refrigerator, before the helium enters the throttling link, a pre-cooling heat exchanger is usually used to allow the helium to exchange heat with another low-temperature cooling medium, thereby reducing the temperature of the helium and improving the refrigeration performance of the entire refrigerator. The helium in the helium throttling refrigerator may also contain solid particles, such as dust and metal chips. If these impurities enter precision parts such as the throttle valve, they may cause blockage or wear. For example, tiny metal chips may scratch the inner wall of the throttle valve, affecting the normal throttling process of the helium, and thus causing a decrease in refrigeration efficiency. Therefore, filters are usually installed in the helium circulation pipeline to remove impurities.

[0004] However, separately arranging the precooling heat exchanger and the filter in the helium throttling refrigerator causes problems such as increased flow resistance, complex system structure, large installation space requirement and poor stability. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a filtering precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The structure is compact, the flow resistance can be reduced, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved, and the overall stability of the refrigeration system can be improved.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a filtering precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator, comprising a shell, a filtering element and a precooling element. The shell is provided with a filtering chamber and a precooling chamber inside, the filtering chamber is communicated with an inlet of the shell, the filtering chamber is communicated with the precooling chamber, the precooling chamber is communicated with an outlet of the shell, the filtering element is filled and arranged in the filtering chamber and can filter impurities in helium, and the precooling element is fixedly installed in the precooling chamber and can precool the helium.

[0008] Preferably, the pre-cooling element includes a slit body and a guide core column, the slit body is a cylindrical tube structure, a plurality of slits extending along the axis of the slit body are evenly spaced and cut on the circumference of the cylinder, and the center hole of the slit body is interference fit with the guide core column.

[0009] Preferably, the width of the slit is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the number of the slits is 10-30.

[0010] Preferably, the axial length of the slit body is the same as that of the guide core column, and after the center hole of the slit body and the guide core column are interference fit, two end faces of the guide core column are flush with two end faces of the slit body.

[0011] Preferably, the center line of the inlet of the shell, the axis of the guide core column, the center line of the outlet of the shell and the center line of the shell are all collinear.

[0012] Preferably, the filter element is a multi-layer stacked filter mesh.

[0013] Preferably, the filter screen is made of stainless steel.

[0014] Preferably, the pore size of the filter holes of the filter screen is in micron order.

[0015] Preferably, it further comprises an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, wherein the air inlet pipe is connected and communicated with the inlet of the shell, and the air outlet pipe is connected and communicated with the outlet of the shell.

[0016] Preferably, it further comprises a base, and the bottom of the shell is fixed to the base by welding.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a filtering precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator. The filtering chamber inside a shell is filled with a filtering element, and the precooling element is installed in the precooling chamber. Helium enters from the inlet of the shell, and solid particles in the helium are filtered out by the filtering element to avoid clogging or wear of precision components such as a throttle valve. The filtered helium enters the precooling element and exchanges heat with the shell as a main cooling heat exchange surface to reduce the temperature of the helium and improve the refrigeration performance of the entire refrigerator. The filtering element and the precooling element are coupled into an integrated structure, which simultaneously plays the effect of filtering impurities and enhancing precooling heat exchange. The overall structure of the filtering precooling heat exchanger is relatively compact, can reduce flow resistance, save installation space, and is suitable for application in some refrigeration equipment with space requirements, reduces the structural complexity of the refrigeration system, and improves the overall stability of the refrigeration system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a filter precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a filter precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator (the filter element is not shown);

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Front view of .

[0023] In the figure: 1-inlet pipe; 2-shell; 3-base; 4-filter element; 5-slit body; 6-flow guide core column; 7-outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a filtering precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. The structure is compact, the flow resistance can be reduced, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved, and the overall stability of the refrigeration system can be improved.

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] The present invention provides a filter precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator, such as Figure 1-3As shown, it includes a shell 2, a filter element 4 and a precooling element. The shell 2 has a filter chamber and a precooling chamber inside. The filter chamber is connected to the inlet of the shell 2, the filter chamber is connected to the precooling chamber, and the precooling chamber is connected to the outlet of the shell 2. The filter element 4 is filled and arranged in the filter chamber and can filter impurities in the helium. The precooling element is fixedly installed in the precooling chamber and can precool the helium. The filter chamber inside the shell 2 is filled with a filter element 4, and a precooling element is installed in the precooling chamber. Helium enters from the inlet of the shell 2, and solid particles in the helium are filtered out by the filter element 4 to avoid clogging or wear of precision components such as the throttle valve. The filtered helium enters the precooling element and exchanges heat with the outer shell as the main cooling heat exchange surface to reduce the temperature of the helium and improve the refrigeration performance of the entire refrigerator. The filter element 4 and the precooling element are coupled into an integrated structure, which can filter impurities and enhance the precooling heat exchange effect at the same time. The overall structure of the filter precooling heat exchanger is relatively compact, which can reduce flow resistance and save installation space. It is suitable for use in some refrigeration equipment with space requirements, reduces the structural complexity of the refrigeration system, and improves the overall stability of the refrigeration system.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present invention, it is further preferred that the precooling element includes a slit body 5 and a flow guide core column 6, the slit body 5 is a cylindrical tube structure, and the slit body 5 is cut with multiple slits extending along the axis of the slit body 5 at even intervals on the circumference of the cylinder body, the central hole of the slit body 5 and the flow guide core column 6 are interference fit, and the slit body 5 uses the slit to guide the flow of the fluid so that the fluid forms a specific flow field therein, so that the heat exchange efficiency between the cold and hot fluids is higher. The slit can make the fluids have a closer contact and enhance the heat transfer process. At the same time, the relatively compact structure of the slit body 5 is suitable for application in some refrigeration equipment with space requirements. The width of the slit is 0.1 to 0.3 mm, the number of slits is 10 to 30, the axial length of the slit body 5 is the same as the axial length of the flow guide core column 6, and after the central hole of the slit body 5 and the flow guide core column 6 are interference fit, the two end faces of the flow guide core column 6 are flush with the two end faces of the slit body 5, so that the gas entering the slit body 5 is evenly distributed in each slit.

[0029] It is further preferred in the embodiment of the present invention that the center line of the inlet of the shell 2, the axis of the guide core column 6, the center line of the outlet of the shell 2 and the center line of the shell 2 are all collinear, which can reduce the intake air flow resistance.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present invention, it is further preferred that the filter element 4 is a multi-layer stacked filter screen, the filter screen is made of stainless steel, and the filter holes of the filter screen have a micron-level aperture. The multi-layer stacked stainless steel screen with a micron-level aperture is like a sieve, which only allows helium molecules to pass through, and impurity particles larger than the filter screen aperture will be blocked, which can filter the impurity pollution generated during the throttling cycle, improve the purity of the helium entering the throttling refrigerator, and avoid blockage or wear of precision components such as the throttle valve.

[0031] It is further preferred in the embodiment of the present invention that the filter precooling heat exchanger for the helium throttling refrigerator further includes an air inlet pipe 1 and an air outlet pipe 7, the air inlet pipe 1 is connected and communicated with the inlet of the shell 2, and the air outlet pipe 7 is connected and communicated with the outlet of the shell 2. The air inlet pipe 1 is used to guide the gas from the air inlet pipe 1 to the multi-layer stacked filter screen and then enter the slit body 5, and the air outlet pipe 7 is used to guide the gas to flow out of the slit body 5.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present invention, it is further preferred that the filter precooling heat exchanger for the helium throttling refrigerator further includes a base 3, and the bottom of the shell 2 is welded and fixed to the base 3. The shell 2, the base 3, the air inlet pipe 1 and the air outlet pipe 7 are combined into a whole by welding, the structure is compact, the contact thermal resistance is reduced, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the system device is integrated, and the purpose of improving the system efficiency and stability is achieved.

[0033] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A filter precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, a filter element and a precooling element. The shell has a filter chamber and a precooling chamber inside. The filter chamber is communicated with the inlet of the shell, the filter chamber is communicated with the precooling chamber, and the precooling chamber is communicated with the outlet of the shell. The filter element is filled and arranged in the filter chamber and can filter impurities in the helium. The precooling element is fixedly installed in the precooling chamber and can precool the helium.

2. The filter precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precooling element comprises a slit body and a flow guiding core column, wherein the slit body is a cylindrical tube structure, and a plurality of slits extending along the axis of the slit body are cut evenly at intervals in the circumference of the cylinder body of the slit body, and the central hole of the slit body is interference fit with the flow guiding core column.

3. The filter precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The width of the slit is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the number of the slits is 10-30.

4. The filter precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial length of the slit body is the same as that of the flow guiding core column, and after the central hole of the slit body and the flow guiding core column are interference fit, the two end surfaces of the flow guiding core column are flush with the two end surfaces of the slit body.

5. The filter precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center line of the inlet of the shell, the axis of the guide core column, the center line of the outlet of the shell and the center line of the shell are all collinear.

6. The filter precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter element is a multi-layer stacked filter mesh.

7. The filter precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filter screen is made of stainless steel.

8. The filtering precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pore size of the filter holes of the filter screen is in micron order.

9. The filter precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, wherein the air inlet pipe is connected and communicated with the inlet of the shell, and the air outlet pipe is connected and communicated with the outlet of the shell.

10. The filter precooling heat exchanger for a helium throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a base, and the bottom of the shell is welded and fixed to the base.

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