System for testing fuel gas generator of small and medium-sized gas turbine and control protection method

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a control protection method for testing fuel gas generators of small and medium-sized gas turbines. A fuel gas generator test is a key test for ensuring stable and efficient operation of a gas turbine, and on one hand, the test can check the matching of a gas turbine body structure and an external pipeline; the system comprises a control system and a protection system, the control system and the protection system jointly act on a fuel regulating valve, the control system gives the valve position of the fuel regulating valve, and the protection system gives the valve position of the fuel regulating valve or a quick-closing instruction according to conditions; the control system comprises a speed control system, a temperature control system, an acceleration control system, a rotating speed limiting system and a manual control system. The device is applied to control protection of small and medium-sized gas turbine gas generator tests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a system and a control and protection method for testing a gas generator of a small and medium-sized gas turbine. Background Art

[0002] The gas generator test is a key test to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the gas turbine. On the one hand, this test can check the matching of the gas turbine body structure and external pipelines, and on the other hand, it can check the reliability of the joint adjustment of auxiliary equipment and numerical control system. Therefore, it is very necessary to conduct a gas generator test. At present, there is no suitable control and protection system when conducting gas generator tests, and it is difficult to ensure the personal safety of workers and equipment safety during the gas generator test. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, thereby providing a system and a control and protection method for testing gas generators of small and medium-sized gas turbines.

[0004] The above purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions: A system for testing a gas generator of a small and medium-sized gas turbine, comprising a control system module and a protection system module, wherein the control system module and the protection system module act together on a fuel regulating valve, the control system sets a valve position of the fuel regulating valve, and the protection system sets a valve position or a quick closing instruction of the fuel regulating valve according to different situations; The control system module is connected to a minimum value selector, the minimum value selector is connected to a maximum value selector, the maximum value selector is connected to a fuel flow limiter, and the fuel flow limiter is connected to the fuel regulating valve.

[0005] The system for testing gas generators of small and medium-sized gas turbines, wherein the control system module comprises a speed control system module, a temperature control system module, an acceleration control system module, a speed limiting system module and a manual control system module, and the speed control system module, the temperature control system module, the acceleration control system module, the speed limiting system module and the manual control system module are connected in parallel.

[0006] A control method for a system for testing a small and medium-sized gas turbine gas generator, the method comprising the following steps: a main control system of the gas turbine gas generator is divided into a startup phase, an operation load increase phase and an operation load reduction phase; (1) During the startup phase, the input values ​​of the speed control system, temperature limit system, acceleration control system and speed limit system are respectively input into the selection gate. After the six fuel reference values ​​are taken as the smaller value through the selection gate, they are passed through the fuel flow limiter, that is, the smaller value is taken with the maximum value of the fuel flow, and then the larger value is taken with the minimum value, and then a unique fuel reference is output and input into the fuel system. The fuel system changes the fuel flow entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine by controlling the fuel regulating valve; (2) During the load-raising stage, the input values ​​of the speed control system, temperature limit system, acceleration control system and speed limit system are respectively input into the selection gate. After the six fuel reference values ​​are taken as the smaller value through the selection gate, they are passed through the fuel flow limiter, that is, the smaller value is taken with the maximum value of the fuel flow, and then the larger value is taken with the minimum value, and then a unique fuel reference is output and input into the fuel system. The fuel system changes the fuel flow entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine by controlling the fuel regulating valve; (3) During the load reduction stage, the speed control system, temperature limit system, and speed limit system input values ​​into the selection gates respectively. The above five fuel reference values ​​are minimized through the selection gates, and the acceleration control system switches to the high-pressure speed load reduction acceleration rate a2 / b2. After both pass through the maximum value selection gate, they pass through the fuel flow limiter, that is, the smaller value is taken from the maximum value of the fuel flow, and then the larger value is taken from the minimum value, and a unique fuel reference is output and input into the fuel system. The fuel system changes the fuel flow entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine by controlling the fuel regulating valve.

[0007] The control method of a system for testing a gas generator of a small and medium-sized gas turbine comprises the following steps: (1) in the startup phase, the speed control system sets an idle speed value, the temperature limit system sets a startup temperature limit value, the acceleration control system switches to startup acceleration control, and sets different acceleration setting values ​​at different times, the speed limit system sets a high-pressure speed limit value and a low-pressure speed limit value respectively, and the manual control system defaults to the maximum value.

[0008] The control method of a system for testing a gas generator of a small and medium-sized gas turbine, wherein the speed control system is set to a set speed value during the load increase phase, the temperature limit system is set to an operating temperature limit value, the acceleration control system is switched to a high-pressure speed load increase acceleration rate a1 / b1, and the speed limit system is set to a high-pressure speed limit value and a low-pressure speed limit value respectively. If no input is made to the console, the manual control system defaults to the maximum value. If input is made, the input value is set to the selection gate.

[0009] The control method of a system for testing a gas generator of a small and medium-sized gas turbine, wherein the speed control system inputs a set speed value during the load reduction stage, the temperature limit system inputs an operating temperature limit value, and the speed limit system respectively inputs a high-pressure speed limit value and a low-pressure speed limit value. If no input is made to the console, the manual control system defaults to the maximum value. If an input is made, the input value is input to the selection gate.

[0010] The control method of the system for testing a gas generator for a small and medium-sized gas turbine, wherein the rate of change of the high-pressure rotation speed is given by the control system, is divided into normal setting, emergency setting, normal reset and emergency reset: Normal setting: d Nhp / dt=a1(rpm / s); Emergency setting: d Nhp / dt= b1(rpm / s); Among them, a1 and b1 are positive values, indicating the speed increase rate of the engine during load increase; Normal reset: d Nhp / dt=a2(rpm / s); Emergency reset: d Nhp / dt=b2(rpm / s); Among them, a2 and b2 are negative values, indicating the speed reduction rate of the engine during load reduction, and Nhp is the high-pressure speed.

[0011] A protection method for a system of testing a gas generator of a small and medium-sized gas turbine, the method comprising the following steps: (1) When the limiting protection signal is triggered, the control system will directly act on the fuel regulating valve to reduce the fuel flow rate and reduce the high-pressure speed to idle speed. According to the fault type displayed by the control system, the fault is checked. If the fault cannot be solved, the unit is shut down normally, which does not affect the life of the unit and increases the reliability of the unit. (2) When the emergency stop signal is triggered, the control system gives the fuel regulating valve a quick closing command, causing it to quickly close to the 0 position, cutting off the fuel supply and shutting down the engine in an emergency to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment. Beneficial Effects

[0012] 1. The present invention reduces the number of shutdowns while ensuring the safe and stable operation of the gas generator, thereby ensuring the reliability of the gas turbine operation.

[0013] 2. The control system of the present invention is designed with a "multiple selection gate" method, including a maximum selection gate and a minimum selection gate, and the control system is put into use in stages; the protection system is designed with an "expert scoring method" to divide the faults into three levels according to their severity: alarm, limit protection, and emergency shutdown. This can reduce the number of shutdowns while ensuring the safe and stable operation of the gas generator, thus ensuring the reliability of the gas turbine operation.

[0014] 3. The present invention is provided with an acceleration control system module, which can limit the speed increase rate of the rotational speed to prevent the engine from increasing and decreasing loads. If the load increase and decrease rate is too fast, the thermal stress caused by the temperature change of the hot channel will affect the service life of the unit.

[0015] 4. The present invention is provided with a speed limiting system module, which can limit the speed before it is triggered to overspeed trip, to prevent high operating condition tripping from causing the turbine rotor to bend, stop and become unbalanced, resulting in a "locking" phenomenon, and at the same time avoid untimely response of overspeed protection, which may cause damage to the unit.

[0016] 5. The present invention provides a fuel flow limiting module, which can perform minimum and maximum value limitations, wherein the minimum value limitation can protect the engine from flameout. The fuel flow limiting module and the temperature limiting module work together to protect the engine from overheating and avoid damage to the blades due to high temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is the schematic diagram of the main control system of the gas turbine gas generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Reference Figure 1 A system for testing a gas generator of a small and medium-sized gas turbine, comprising a control system module and a protection system module, wherein the control system module and the protection system module act together on a fuel regulating valve, the control system sets a valve position of the fuel regulating valve, and the protection system sets a valve position or a quick closing instruction of the fuel regulating valve according to different situations; The control system module includes a speed control system module 1, a temperature control system module 2, an acceleration control system module 3, a rotation speed limit system module 4 and a manual control system module 6. The speed control system module, the temperature control system module, the acceleration control system module, the rotation speed limit system module and the manual control system module are connected in parallel to a minimum value selector, the minimum value selector is connected to a maximum value selector, the maximum value selector is connected to a fuel flow limiter 5, and the fuel flow limiter is connected to the fuel regulating valve; The protection system includes a body protection system, a fuel system protection system, a lubricating oil system protection system and a pneumatic system protection system.

[0019] The control method of a system for testing a small and medium-sized gas turbine gas generator comprises the following steps: the main control system of the gas turbine gas generator is divided into a startup phase, an operation load increase phase and an operation load reduction phase; (1) During the startup phase, the input values ​​of the speed control system, temperature limit system, acceleration control system and speed limit system are respectively input into the selection gate. After the six fuel reference values ​​are taken as the smaller value through the selection gate, they are passed through the fuel flow limiter, that is, the smaller value is taken with the maximum value of the fuel flow, and then the larger value is taken with the minimum value, and then a unique fuel reference is output and input into the fuel system. The fuel system changes the fuel flow entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine by controlling the fuel regulating valve; (2) During the load-raising stage, the input values ​​of the speed control system, temperature limit system, acceleration control system and speed limit system are respectively input into the selection gate. After the six fuel reference values ​​are taken as the smaller value through the selection gate, they are passed through the fuel flow limiter, that is, the smaller value is taken with the maximum value of the fuel flow, and then the larger value is taken with the minimum value, and then a unique fuel reference is output and input into the fuel system. The fuel system changes the fuel flow entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine by controlling the fuel regulating valve; (3) During the load reduction stage, the speed control system, temperature limit system, and speed limit system input values ​​into the selection gates respectively. The above five fuel reference values ​​are minimized through the selection gates, and the acceleration control system switches to the high-pressure speed load reduction acceleration rate a2 / b2. After both pass through the maximum value selection gate, they pass through the fuel flow limiter, that is, the smaller value is taken from the maximum value of the fuel flow, and then the larger value is taken from the minimum value, and a unique fuel reference is output and input into the fuel system. The fuel system changes the fuel flow entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine by controlling the fuel regulating valve.

[0020] In the step (1) of starting, the speed control system sets the idle speed value, the temperature limit system sets the starting temperature limit value, the acceleration control system switches to starting acceleration control, and sets different acceleration setting values ​​at different times, the speed limit system sets the high-pressure speed limit value and the low-pressure speed limit value respectively, and the manual control system defaults to the maximum value.

[0021] In the step (2), during the load-raising stage, the speed control system inputs the set speed value, the temperature limit system inputs the operating temperature limit value, the acceleration control system switches to the high-pressure speed load-raising acceleration rate a1 / b1, and the speed limit system inputs the high-pressure speed limit value and the low-pressure speed limit value respectively. If no input is made to the console, the manual control system defaults to the maximum value. If input is made, the input value is input to the selection gate.

[0022] In the step (3), during the load reduction phase, the speed control system inputs the set speed value, the temperature limit system inputs the operating temperature limit value, and the speed limit system respectively inputs the high-pressure speed limit value and the low-pressure speed limit value. If no input is made to the console, the manual control system defaults to the maximum value. If input is made, the input value is input to the selection gate.

[0023] The change rate of the high-voltage speed is given by the control system and is divided into normal setting, emergency setting, normal reset and emergency reset: Normal setting: d Nhp / dt=a1(rpm / s); Emergency setting: d Nhp / dt= b1(rpm / s); Among them, a1 and b1 are positive values, indicating the speed increase rate of the engine during load increase; Normal reset: d Nhp / dt=a2(rpm / s); Emergency reset: d Nhp / dt=b2(rpm / s); Among them, a2 and b2 are negative values, indicating the speed reduction rate of the engine during load reduction, and Nhp is the high-pressure speed.

[0024] The protection system designed in this project for gas turbine gas generator test adopts the "expert scoring method" and divides the fault into three levels according to the severity of the fault, including alarm, limit protection and emergency shutdown. The control system and the protection system act together on the fuel regulating valve, wherein the control system sets the valve position of the fuel regulating valve, and the protection system sets the valve position of the fuel regulating valve or a quick closing instruction according to different situations, wherein the protection system has a higher priority than the control system, and the protection method of the system for testing a small and medium-sized gas turbine gas generator comprises the following steps: (1) When the limiting protection signal is triggered, the control system will directly act on the fuel regulating valve to reduce the fuel flow rate and reduce the high-pressure speed to idle speed. According to the fault type displayed by the control system, the fault is checked. If the fault cannot be solved, the unit is shut down normally, which does not affect the life of the unit and increases the reliability of the unit. (2) When the emergency stop signal is triggered, the control system gives the fuel regulating valve a quick closing command, causing it to quickly close to the 0 position, cutting off the fuel supply and shutting down the engine in an emergency to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.

Claims

1. A system for testing gas generators of small and medium-sized gas turbines, characterized by: Its components include a control system module and a protection system module, the control system module and the protection system module act together on the fuel regulating valve, the control system sets the valve position of the fuel regulating valve, and the protection system sets the valve position or quick closing instruction of the fuel regulating valve according to different situations; The control system module is connected to a minimum value selector, the minimum value selector is connected to a maximum value selector, the maximum value selector is connected to a fuel flow limiter, and the fuel flow limiter is connected to the fuel regulating valve.

2. A system for testing gas generators of small and medium-sized gas turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system module comprises a speed control system module, a temperature control system module, an acceleration control system module, a rotation speed limiting system module and a manual control system module, and the speed control system module, the temperature control system module, the acceleration control system module, the rotation speed limiting system module and the manual control system module are connected in parallel.

3. A control method for a system for testing a gas generator for a small or medium-sized gas turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: a main control system of a gas turbine gas generator is divided into a startup phase, an operation load increase phase and an operation load reduction phase; (1) During the startup phase, the input values ​​of the speed control system, temperature limit system, acceleration control system and speed limit system are respectively input into the selection gate. After the six fuel reference values ​​are taken as the smaller value through the selection gate, they are passed through the fuel flow limiter, that is, the smaller value is taken with the maximum value of the fuel flow, and then the larger value is taken with the minimum value, and then a unique fuel reference is output and input into the fuel system. The fuel system changes the fuel flow entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine by controlling the fuel regulating valve; (2) During the load-raising stage, the input values ​​of the speed control system, temperature limit system, acceleration control system and speed limit system are respectively input into the selection gate. After the six fuel reference values ​​are taken as the smaller value through the selection gate, they are passed through the fuel flow limiter, that is, the smaller value is taken with the maximum value of the fuel flow, and then the larger value is taken with the minimum value, and then a unique fuel reference is output and input into the fuel system. The fuel system changes the fuel flow entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine by controlling the fuel regulating valve; (3) During the load reduction stage, the speed control system, temperature limit system, and speed limit system input values ​​into the selection gates respectively. The above five fuel reference values ​​are minimized through the selection gates, and the acceleration control system switches to the high-pressure speed load reduction acceleration rate a2 / b2. After both pass through the maximum value selection gate, they pass through the fuel flow limiter, that is, the smaller value is taken from the maximum value of the fuel flow, and then the larger value is taken from the minimum value, and a unique fuel reference is output and input into the fuel system. The fuel system changes the fuel flow entering the combustion chamber of the gas turbine by controlling the fuel regulating valve.

4. The control method of a system for testing a gas generator of a small and medium-sized gas turbine according to claim 3 is characterized by: In the step (1) of starting, the speed control system sets the idle speed value, the temperature limit system sets the starting temperature limit value, the acceleration control system switches to starting acceleration control, and sets different acceleration setting values ​​at different times, the speed limit system sets the high-pressure speed limit value and the low-pressure speed limit value respectively, and the manual control system defaults to the maximum value.

5. The control method of a system for testing a gas generator of a small and medium-sized gas turbine according to claim 3 is characterized by: In the step (2), during the load-raising stage, the speed control system inputs the set speed value, the temperature limit system inputs the operating temperature limit value, the acceleration control system switches to the high-pressure speed load-raising acceleration rate a1 / b1, and the speed limit system inputs the high-pressure speed limit value and the low-pressure speed limit value respectively. If no input is made to the console, the manual control system defaults to the maximum value. If input is made, the input value is input to the selection gate.

6. The control method of a system for testing gas generators of small and medium-sized gas turbines according to claim 3 is characterized by: In the step (3), during the load reduction phase, the speed control system inputs the set speed value, the temperature limit system inputs the operating temperature limit value, and the speed limit system respectively inputs the high-pressure speed limit value and the low-pressure speed limit value. If no input is made to the console, the manual control system defaults to the maximum value. If input is made, the input value is input to the selection gate.

7. The control method of a system for testing gas generators of small and medium-sized gas turbines according to claim 3 is characterized by: The change rate of the high-voltage speed is given by the control system and is divided into normal setting, emergency setting, normal reset and emergency reset: Normal setting: d Nhp / dt=a1(rpm / s); Emergency setting: d Nhp / dt= b1(rpm / s); Among them, a1 and b1 are positive values, indicating the speed increase rate of the engine during load increase; Normal reset: d Nhp / dt=a2(rpm / s); Emergency reset: d Nhp / dt=b2(rpm / s); Among them, a2 and b2 are negative values, indicating the speed reduction rate of the engine during load reduction, and Nhp is the high-pressure speed.

8. A protection method for a system for testing a gas generator of a small or medium-sized gas turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) When the limiting protection signal is triggered, the control system will directly act on the fuel regulating valve to reduce the fuel flow rate and reduce the high-pressure speed to idle speed. According to the fault type displayed by the control system, the fault is checked. If the fault cannot be solved, the unit is shut down normally, which does not affect the life of the unit and increases the reliability of the unit. (2) When the emergency stop signal is triggered, the control system gives the fuel regulating valve a quick closing command, causing it to quickly close to the 0 position, cutting off the fuel supply and shutting down the engine in an emergency to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.

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