Polluted insulator hyperspectral imaging device and characteristic spectral line extraction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of contaminated insulator detection, and discloses a contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device and a characteristic spectral line extraction method.The contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device comprises a detection box, a partition plate A is fixed in the detection box, a xenon lamp is fixed to one side of the inner wall of the detection box, and the xenon lamp is located above the partition plate A; and a humidifier is arranged on one side of the top end in the detection box. The whole clamping mechanism is controlled to move to a detection area through the control knob, the humidity of the humidifier, the telescopic length of the electric telescopic rod A, the rotating angle of the motor and the telescopic length of the electric telescopic rod B are set through the liquid crystal display screen, meanwhile, the xenon lamp is turned on, and light irradiates an insulator and passes through the focusing mechanism to be focused on the insulator. The high-spectral imager is used for shooting, related data are transmitted to the single chip microcomputer for analysis and displayed through the liquid crystal display screen, and workers can conveniently search and analyze the data to judge component information of dirt on the outer side of the insulator so as to decide the next operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of contaminated insulator detection, and in particular to a contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device and a characteristic spectrum line extraction method. Background Art

[0002] Insulators are one of the important external insulation equipment in power transmission and transformation systems. With the intensification of air pollution, the accumulation of dirt on the surface of insulators is becoming increasingly serious; the surface insulation performance of polluted but dry insulators is not much different from that of clean insulators; however, when there are weather conditions with increased air humidity such as heavy fog, dew, and light rain, the water content on the surface of the insulator increases, and the dirt absorbs water and becomes moist, and the insulation performance of the polluted insulator will be significantly reduced, which makes it very easy to cause pollution flashover accidents, resulting in huge economic losses. There are many factors that affect the surface insulation performance of insulators, which are related to the dirt composition, degree of dirt, dirt humidity and temperature;

[0003] Chinese patent authorization announcement number CN102565577A discloses a method for detecting the conductivity of the insulator pollution layer using hyperspectral technology, including removing several insulators in the area to be tested, measuring the conductivity of the pollution layer of the insulators under different humidity levels; photographing the insulators with a hyperspectral imager to obtain hyperspectral images of the insulators under different pollution layer conductance conditions; performing black and white correction, smoothing denoising, and multivariate scattering correction on the hyperspectral images; extracting characteristic bands from the spectrum lines; using the extracted characteristic band data as training data, and using a support vector machine to construct an insulator pollution layer conductivity grade discrimination model; obtaining characteristic band data of the contaminated insulators to be tested; and performing grade discrimination on the characteristic band data of the insulators to be tested according to the insulator pollution layer conductivity grade discrimination model. This application can perform non-contact real-time detection of the pollution layer conductivity of on-site insulators when the power transmission and transformation system is energized, providing convenient, real-time, and accurate insulator surface pollution layer conductivity for the evaluation and analysis of the insulation status of the insulators.

[0004] The above-mentioned prior art solution has the following shortcomings: during the detection process of the insulator pollution layer, the insulator is conducted and photographed with a hyperspectral imager. Since the detection data is related to the air humidity, the position of the insulator and the angle of the hyperspectral imager, the staff is required to take a large number of images with the hyperspectral imager for transmission, calculation and comparison to improve the accuracy of the data, which results in high work intensity and long time consumption, so there is room for improvement. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device and a characteristic spectrum line extraction method to solve the problem proposed in the above background technology that the staff uses a hyperspectral imager to take a large number of images, transmit and calculate and compare to improve the accuracy of the data, which leads to high work intensity and long time consumption.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device, comprising a detection box, a partition A is fixed inside the detection box, a xenon lamp is fixed on one side of the inner wall of the detection box, and the xenon lamp is located above the partition A, a humidifier is arranged on one side of the top of the detection box, a clamping mechanism and a focusing mechanism are arranged on both sides of the top of the inner wall of the detection box, a mounting seat is fixed on one side of the bottom of the detection box, and a height adjustment mechanism is arranged inside the mounting seat, the mounting seat is located on the side of the partition A away from the inner wall of the detection box, and a heat dissipation door is arranged at one end of the detection box; the clamping mechanism comprises an electromagnetic slide rail arranged on the top of the inner wall of the detection box, an electromagnetic slider is slidably connected inside the electromagnetic slide rail, and an electric telescopic rod A is fixed to the bottom end of the electromagnetic slider, a motor is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod A, and a clamping seat is fixed to the output shaft of the motor, the height adjustment mechanism comprises a mounting groove arranged inside the mounting seat, an electric telescopic rod B is fixed inside the mounting groove, a connecting seat is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod B, and a hyperspectral imager is arranged on the top of the connecting seat.

[0007] Preferably, movable grooves are provided on both sides inside the clamping seat, and a spring is fixed on one side inside the movable groove, a movable block is fixed on the other side of the spring, and an L-shaped clamping plate is fixed at the bottom end of the movable block, and a through groove is opened inside the L-shaped clamping plate.

[0008] Preferably, the spring, the moving block, the through slot and the L-shaped clamping plate are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the clamping seat, one side of the L-shaped clamping plate is provided with a clamping slot, and the cross-section of the clamping slot is arranged to be trapezoidal.

[0009] Preferably, a placement groove is opened inside the height adjustment mechanism, and the placement groove is adapted to the bottom end of the hyperspectral imager, guide rods are fixed on both sides of the bottom end of the connecting seat, guide grooves are opened on both sides inside the mounting seat, and the guide grooves are slidably connected to the guide rods.

[0010] Preferably, the focusing mechanism includes an objective lens, a collimator, a dispersion element and a lens which are slidably connected inside the detection box, the objective lens is located on a side close to the clamping mechanism, the objective lens, the collimator, the dispersion element and the lens are arranged in sequence, both ends of the objective lens, the collimator, the dispersion element and the lens are fixed with connecting blocks, the interior of the detection box and the interior of the partition A are provided with connecting grooves, and the connecting grooves are slidably connected to the objective lens, and the size of the connecting grooves is adapted to the size of the connecting blocks.

[0011] Preferably, a partition B is fixed to the bottom end of the partition A, and the bottom end of the partition B is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the detection box, and the partition B divides the area below the partition A into two spaces.

[0012] Preferably, a photovoltaic panel is provided on the top of the detection box, a power cord is provided on one side of the detection box, a battery is provided on one side inside the detection box, and the battery is located on the side away from the partition B, the battery supplies power to the electrical components inside the detection box, a single-chip microcomputer and a storage chip are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom end of the detection box, the single-chip microcomputer, the storage chip and the battery are located on the same side, and the heat dissipation door is located directly in front of the battery, the single-chip microcomputer and the storage chip.

[0013] Preferably, a liquid crystal display screen is provided on one side of the detection box, a control knob is provided on one side of the detection box, and the control knob is located on one side of the liquid crystal display screen, a function selection module is provided inside the liquid crystal display screen, and the function selection module includes humidity settings of the humidifier, switch settings of the xenon lamp, telescopic length settings of the electric telescopic rod A, motor rotation angle settings, and telescopic length settings of the electric telescopic rod B, and the control knob can control the opening of the electromagnetic slide rail and the electromagnetic slider.

[0014] Preferably, the output end of the hyperspectral imager is electrically connected to the input end of the single-chip microcomputer through a wire, the output end of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to the input end of the liquid crystal display screen through a wire, the output end of the liquid crystal display screen is electrically connected to the input end of the humidifier through a wire, the output end of the liquid crystal display screen is electrically connected to the input end of the xenon lamp through a wire, the output end of the liquid crystal display screen is electrically connected to the input end of the electric telescopic rod A through a wire, the output end of the liquid crystal display screen is electrically connected to the input end of the motor through a wire, and the output end of the liquid crystal display screen is electrically connected to the input end of the electric telescopic rod B through a wire.

[0015] Another technical solution proposed by the present invention is to provide a method for extracting characteristic spectral lines of a contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1: Move the insulator to be inspected to the inspection area through the clamping mechanism, and illuminate the insulator by turning on the xenon lamp;

[0017] S2: Through the focusing mechanism, the light is focused and transmitted to the hyperspectral imager to obtain hyperspectral images under different heights, angles and humidity conditions;

[0018] S3: remove the noise in the above hyperspectral image, perform dark field and bright field correction, select the appropriate band range, and extract the characteristic spectrum line;

[0019] S4: The single-chip computer classifies and identifies the extracted characteristic spectral lines through statistical analysis and pattern recognition algorithms. It combines with the known standard spectral library to identify the type of pollutants and compares them with the results of traditional detection methods. It is displayed on the LCD screen to facilitate staff to query and determine the composition information of the dirt on the outside of the insulator.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The electromagnetic slider and the electromagnetic slide rail are controlled by the control knob, so that the electromagnetic slider and the electric telescopic rod A drive the clamping seat to move as a whole to one end of the detection box, and the insulator is fixed through the trapezoidal clamping groove under the elastic expansion and contraction action of the through groove and the spring. The clamping mechanism is controlled by the control knob to move as a whole to the detection area, and the humidity of the humidifier, the telescopic length of the electric telescopic rod A, the motor rotation angle, and the telescopic length of the electric telescopic rod B are set through the LCD screen. At the same time, the xenon lamp is turned on, and the light shines on the insulator. After passing through the focusing mechanism, it is photographed by the hyperspectral imager, and the relevant data is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer for analysis. The noise in the hyperspectral image is removed, dark field and bright field corrections are performed, and the appropriate band range is selected to extract characteristic spectral lines. The extracted characteristic spectral lines are classified and identified through statistical analysis and pattern recognition algorithms. Combined with the known standard spectral library, the pollutant type is identified and compared with the results of the traditional detection method, and displayed on the LCD screen, which is convenient for the staff to search and analyze, to determine the composition information of the dirt on the outside of the insulator, and thus decide the next step.

[0022] The solar energy is converted into electrical energy through photovoltaic panels and stored in batteries, which increases the use range of the test box and improves the overall flexibility of the test box. The heat dissipation door is used to facilitate the heat dissipation of internal electrical components to protect the internal electrical components. The connection slots and connection blocks make it convenient to select the objective lens, collimator, dispersion element and lens according to actual conditions, and it is convenient to replace individual ones and facilitate the staff to carry out later maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the front cross-section structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local distribution three-dimensional structure of the focusing mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the clamping mechanism of the present invention in a front cross-section;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the height adjustment mechanism distribution of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the electrical relationship structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the figure: 1, photovoltaic panel; 2, detection box; 3, focusing mechanism; 301, connecting groove; 302, objective lens; 303, collimating lens; 304, dispersion element; 305, lens; 306, connecting block; 4, clamping mechanism; 401, electromagnetic slide rail; 402, clamping seat; 403, spring; 404, moving block; 405, electromagnetic slider; 406, electric telescopic rod A; 407, motor; 408, through groove; 4 09. L-shaped clamping plate; 5. Humidifier; 6. Xenon lamp; 7. Control knob; 8. Partition A; 9. Power cord; 10. Battery; 11. Single-chip microcomputer; 12. Storage chip; 13. Partition B; 14. Mounting seat; 15. Height adjustment mechanism; 1501. Placement slot; 1502. Connecting seat; 1503. Guide rod; 1504. Electric telescopic rod B; 16. Hyperspectral imager; 17. LCD screen; 18. Heat dissipation door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] In order to solve the problem that the existing staff in the prior art use a large number of images taken by a hyperspectral imager and transmit and calculate to improve the accuracy of the data, which leads to high work intensity and long time consumption, the following scheme is disclosed, specifically as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 3 ,, Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown:

[0035] A contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device comprises a detection box 2, a partition A8 is fixed inside the detection box 2, a xenon lamp 6 is fixed on one side of the inner wall of the detection box 2, and the xenon lamp 6 is located above the partition A8, a humidifier 5 is arranged on one side of the top of the inner wall of the detection box 2, a clamping mechanism 4 and a focusing mechanism 3 are arranged on both sides of the top of the inner wall of the detection box 2, a mounting seat 14 is fixed on one side of the bottom end of the detection box 2, and a height adjustment mechanism 15 is arranged inside the mounting seat 14, the mounting seat 14 is located on the side of the partition A8 away from the inner wall of the detection box 2, and the clamping mechanism 4 includes a mounting mechanism 4 arranged on the top of the inner wall of the detection box 2. The electromagnetic slide rail 401 is slidably connected to an electromagnetic slider 405 inside the electromagnetic slide rail 401, and an electric telescopic rod A406 is fixed to the bottom end of the electromagnetic slider 405, a motor 407 is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod A406, and a clamping seat 402 is fixed to the output shaft of the motor 407, and the height adjustment mechanism 15 includes a mounting groove arranged inside the mounting seat 14, an electric telescopic rod B1504 is fixed inside the mounting groove, a connecting seat 1502 is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod B1504, and a hyperspectral imager 16 is arranged on the top of the connecting seat 1502;

[0036] Both sides of the clamping seat 402 are provided with movable grooves, and a spring 403 is fixed on one side of the movable groove, and a movable block 404 is fixed on the other side of the spring 403, and an L-shaped clamping plate 409 is fixed at the bottom end of the movable block 404, and a through groove 408 is opened inside the L-shaped clamping plate 409; the spring 403, the movable block 404, the through groove 408 and the L-shaped clamping plate 409 are symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the clamping seat 402, and a clamping groove is provided on one side of the L-shaped clamping plate 409, and the clamping groove The cross-sections are all arranged in a trapezoidal shape; a placement groove 1501 is provided inside the height adjustment mechanism 15, and the placement groove 1501 is adapted to the bottom end of the hyperspectral imager 16, guide rods 1503 are fixed on both sides of the bottom end of the connecting seat 1502, and guide grooves are provided on both sides of the inside of the mounting seat 14, and the guide grooves are slidably connected to the guide rods 1503; a liquid crystal display screen 17 is provided on one side of the detection box 2, and a control knob 7 is provided on one side of the detection box 2, and the control knob 7 is located on one side of the liquid crystal display screen 17, and the liquid A function selection module is provided inside the liquid crystal display screen 17, and the inside of the function selection module includes the humidity setting of the humidifier 5, the switch setting of the xenon lamp 6, the telescopic length setting of the electric telescopic rod A406, the rotation angle setting of the motor 407, and the telescopic length setting of the electric telescopic rod B1504, and the control knob 7 can control the opening of the electromagnetic slide rail 401 and the electromagnetic slider 405; the output end of the hyperspectral imager 16 is electrically connected to the input end of the single-chip microcomputer 11 through a wire, the output end of the single-chip microcomputer 11 is electrically connected to the input end of the liquid crystal display screen 17 through a wire, the output end of the liquid crystal display screen 17 is electrically connected to the input end of the humidifier 5 through a wire, the output end of the liquid crystal display screen 17 is electrically connected to the input end of the xenon lamp 6 through a wire, the output end of the liquid crystal display screen 17 is electrically connected to the input end of the electric telescopic rod A406 through a wire, the output end of the liquid crystal display screen 17 is electrically connected to the input end of the motor 407 through a wire, and the output end of the liquid crystal display screen 17 is electrically connected to the input end of the electric telescopic rod B1504 through a wire;

[0037] In this embodiment, when the detection box 2 needs to be used, after the detection box 2 is moved to the specified position, the electromagnetic slider 405 and the electromagnetic slide rail 401 are controlled by the control knob 7, so that the electromagnetic slider 405 and the electric telescopic rod A406 drive the clamping seat 402 to move as a whole to one end of the detection box 2, and the L-shaped clamping plate 409 is opened by inserting a finger into the through groove 408, and the insulator is fixed through the trapezoidal clamping groove under the elastic expansion and contraction action of the spring 403, and the clamping mechanism 4 is moved as a whole to the detection area by the control knob 7, and the humidity of the humidifier 5, the telescopic length of the electric telescopic rod A406, the rotation angle of the motor 407, and the telescopic length of the electric telescopic rod B1504 are set through the LCD display 17. The xenon lamp 6 is turned on at the same time. After the light shines on the insulator, it passes through the focusing mechanism 3 and is photographed by the hyperspectral imager 16. The relevant data is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer 11 for analysis. The noise in the hyperspectral image is removed, dark field and bright field correction is performed, and the appropriate band range is selected to extract the characteristic spectrum line. The extracted characteristic spectrum line is classified and identified by statistical analysis and pattern recognition algorithm. The type of pollutant is identified and compared with the results of the traditional detection method in combination with the known standard spectrum library, and displayed on the LCD screen 17, which is convenient for the staff to search and analyze, to determine the composition information of the dirt on the outside of the insulator, so as to decide the next operation, and to detect the insulator relatively automatically, reduce the labor intensity of human labor, and speed up the detection progress.

[0038] Embodiment 2

[0039] This embodiment is different from the first embodiment, and improves the practicality of the detection box 2, which is convenient for later maintenance. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown:

[0040] A heat dissipation door 18 is provided at one end of the detection box 2; the focusing mechanism 3 includes an objective lens 302, a collimator lens 303, a dispersion element 304 and a lens 305 which are slidably connected to the inside of the detection box 2, the objective lens 302 is located on a side close to the clamping mechanism 4, the objective lens 302, the collimator lens 303, the dispersion element 304 and the lens 305 are arranged in sequence, and connecting blocks 306 are fixed at both ends of the objective lens 302, the collimator lens 303, the dispersion element 304 and the lens 305, and connecting grooves 301 are provided inside the detection box 2 and inside the partition A8, and the connecting grooves 301 are slidably connected to the objective lens 302, and the size of the connecting grooves 301 is adapted to the size of the connecting block 306; the partition A8 A partition B13 is fixed to the bottom end, and the bottom end of the partition B13 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the detection box 2, and the partition B13 divides the area below the partition A8 into two spaces; a photovoltaic panel 1 is arranged at the top of the detection box 2, a power cord 9 is arranged on one side of the detection box 2, a battery 10 is arranged on one side inside the detection box 2, and the battery 10 is located on the side away from the partition B13, the battery 10 supplies power to the electrical components inside the detection box 2, a single-chip computer 11 and a storage chip 12 are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom end of the detection box 2, the single-chip computer 11, the storage chip 12 and the battery 10 are located on the same side, and the heat dissipation door 18 is located directly in front of the battery 10, the single-chip computer 11 and the storage chip 12.

[0041] In this embodiment, the solar light energy is converted into electrical energy through the photovoltaic panel 1 and stored through the battery 10, thereby increasing the use range of the detection box 2 and improving the overall flexibility of the detection box 2. The heat dissipation door 18 is used to facilitate the heat dissipation of the internal electrical components to protect the internal electrical components. Through the connecting groove 301 and the connecting block 306, it is convenient to select the objective lens 302, the collimating lens 303, the dispersion element 304 and the lens 305 according to actual conditions, and it is convenient to replace individual ones and facilitate the staff to carry out later maintenance.

[0042] In order to further better explain the above embodiment, the present invention also provides an implementation scheme, providing a method for extracting characteristic spectral lines of a contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1: The insulator to be inspected is moved to the inspection area by the clamping mechanism 4, and the insulator is irradiated by turning on the xenon lamp 6;

[0044] S2: focusing and transmitting the light to the hyperspectral imager 16 through the focusing mechanism 3 to obtain hyperspectral images under different heights, angles and humidity conditions;

[0045] S3: remove the noise in the above hyperspectral image, perform dark field and bright field correction, select the appropriate band range, and extract the characteristic spectrum line;

[0046] S4: The single chip computer 11 classifies and identifies the extracted characteristic spectral lines through statistical analysis and pattern recognition algorithms, and combines them with the known standard spectral library to identify the type of pollutants and compare them with the results of traditional detection methods, and displays them on the LCD screen 17 to facilitate staff to query and determine the composition information of the dirt on the outside of the insulator.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device, comprising a detection box (2), characterized in that: A partition A (8) is fixed inside the detection box (2); a xenon lamp (6) is fixed on one side of the inner wall of the detection box (2), and the xenon lamp (6) is located above the partition A (8); a humidifier (5) is arranged on one side of the top of the detection box (2); a clamping mechanism (4) and a focusing mechanism (3) are arranged on both sides of the top of the inner wall of the detection box (2); a mounting seat (14) is fixed on one side of the bottom end of the detection box (2), and a height adjustment mechanism (15) is arranged inside the mounting seat (14); the mounting seat (14) is located on a side of the partition A (8) away from the inner wall of the detection box (2); and a heat dissipation door (18) is arranged at one end of the detection box (2); The clamping mechanism (4) comprises an electromagnetic slide rail (401) arranged at the top end of the inner wall of the detection box (2); the electromagnetic slide rail (401) is slidably connected to an electromagnetic slider (405); an electric telescopic rod A (406) is fixed to the bottom end of the electromagnetic slider (405); a motor (407) is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod A (406); and a clamping seat (402) is fixed to the output shaft of the motor (407); the height adjustment mechanism (15) comprises a mounting groove arranged inside the mounting seat (14); an electric telescopic rod B (1504) is fixed inside the mounting groove; a connecting seat (1502) is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod B (1504); and a hyperspectral imager (16) is arranged at the top end of the connecting seat (1502).

2. The contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping seat (402) is provided with movable grooves on both sides thereof, and a spring (403) is fixed on one side of the movable groove, a movable block (404) is fixed on the other side of the spring (403), and an L-shaped clamping plate (409) is fixed at the bottom end of the movable block (404), and a through groove (408) is provided inside the L-shaped clamping plate (409).

3. The contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spring (403), the moving block (404), the through slot (408) and the L-shaped clamping plate (409) are all symmetrically arranged about the central axis of the clamping seat (402); one side of the L-shaped clamping plate (409) is provided with a clamping slot, and the cross-section of the clamping slot is arranged to be trapezoidal.

4. The contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height adjustment mechanism (15) has a placement groove (1501) disposed inside, and the placement groove (1501) is adapted to the bottom end of the hyperspectral imager (16); guide rods (1503) are fixed on both sides of the bottom end of the connecting seat (1502); guide grooves are disposed on both sides of the interior of the mounting seat (14), and the guide grooves are slidably connected to the guide rods (1503).

5. The contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focusing mechanism (3) comprises an objective lens (302), a collimator lens (303), a dispersive element (304) and a lens (305) which are slidably connected inside the detection box (2); the objective lens (302) is located on a side close to the clamping mechanism (4); the objective lens (302), the collimator lens (303), the dispersive element (304) and the lens (305) are arranged in sequence; connecting blocks (306) are fixed at both ends of the objective lens (302), the collimator lens (303), the dispersive element (304) and the lens (305); connecting grooves (301) are provided inside the detection box (2) and inside the partition A (8); the connecting grooves (301) are slidably connected to the objective lens (302); and the size of the connecting grooves (301) is adapted to the size of the connecting blocks (306).

6. The contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A partition B (13) is fixed to the bottom end of the partition A (8), and the bottom end of the partition B (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner wall of the detection box (2), and the partition B (13) divides the area below the partition A (8) into two spaces.

7. The contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A photovoltaic panel (1) is arranged at the top of the detection box (2), a power line (9) is arranged at one side of the detection box (2), a storage battery (10) is arranged at one side inside the detection box (2), and the storage battery (10) is located at a side away from the partition B (13), and the storage battery (10) supplies power to the electrical components inside the detection box (2), and a single-chip computer (11) and a storage chip (12) are arranged at both sides of the bottom of the detection box (2), respectively, and the single-chip computer (11), the storage chip (12) and the storage battery (10) are located on the same side, and the heat dissipation door (18) is located directly in front of the storage battery (10), the single-chip computer (11) and the storage chip (12).

8. The contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A liquid crystal display screen (17) is arranged on one side of the detection box (2), a control knob (7) is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal display screen (17), a function selection module is arranged inside the liquid crystal display screen (17), and the function selection module includes humidity settings of the humidifier (5), switch settings of the xenon lamp (6), telescopic length settings of the electric telescopic rod A (406), rotation angle settings of the motor (407) and telescopic length settings of the electric telescopic rod B (1504), and the control knob (7) can control the opening of the electromagnetic slide rail (401) and the electromagnetic slider (405).

9. The contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The output end of the hyperspectral imager (16) is electrically connected to the input end of the single-chip computer (11) through a wire, the output end of the single-chip computer (11) is electrically connected to the input end of the liquid crystal display screen (17) through a wire, the output end of the liquid crystal display screen (17) is electrically connected to the input end of the humidifier (5) through a wire, the output end of the liquid crystal display screen (17) is electrically connected to the input end of the xenon lamp (6) through a wire, the output end of the liquid crystal display screen (17) is electrically connected to the input end of the electric telescopic rod A (406) through a wire, the output end of the liquid crystal display screen (17) is electrically connected to the input end of the motor (407) through a wire, and the output end of the liquid crystal display screen (17) is electrically connected to the input end of the electric telescopic rod B (1504) through a wire.

10. The method for extracting characteristic spectral lines of a contaminated insulator hyperspectral imaging device according to claims 1-9, characterized in that: S1: The insulator to be inspected is moved to the inspection area by means of a clamping mechanism (4), and the insulator is irradiated by turning on a xenon lamp (6); S2: focusing and transmitting the light to the hyperspectral imager (16) through the focusing mechanism (3) to obtain hyperspectral images under different heights, angles and humidity conditions; S3: remove the noise in the above hyperspectral image, perform dark field and bright field correction, select the appropriate band range, and extract the characteristic spectrum line; S4: The single chip computer (11) classifies and identifies the extracted characteristic spectral lines through statistical analysis and pattern recognition algorithms, and combines the known standard spectral library to identify the type of pollutants and compare the results with those of traditional detection methods, and displays them on a liquid crystal display (17) to facilitate staff to query and determine the composition information of the dirt on the outside of the insulator.

Images