Online diagnosis method for electrical fault of rotating part of multi-stage starter generator

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-stage starter generator rotating part electrical fault online diagnosis method, and provides a multi-stage brushless synchronous starter generator rotating part electrical fault online diagnosis and positioning method based on exciter rotor current characteristics. The method comprises the following steps: firstly estimating three-phase current of an exciter rotor, and then carrying out a series of processing such as absolute value taking, average value taking, normalization and fundamental wave filtering on the estimated rotor current to obtain characteristic quantities such as a maximum ratio difference and a minimum approximate difference for electrical fault diagnosis and positioning of the rotating part of the multi-stage starter generator. The method provided by the invention can diagnose whether the rotating parts (including an exciter rotor winding, a rotating rectifier and a main motor excitation winding) of the multi-stage starter generator have electrical faults on line, and can judge the fault type (open-circuit fault or short-circuit fault) and the specific position of a fault point. The method is beneficial for improving the operation reliability and the maintenance convenience of the multi-stage starting power generation system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of motor fault diagnosis, and relates to an online diagnosis method for electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator, and specifically to an online detection and positioning method for electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage brushless synchronous starter generator based on the rotor current characteristics of an exciter. Background Art

[0002] As one of the key technologies of more electric aircraft, the integrated starter-generator system integrates the aircraft engine starting and onboard power supply functions, and has the advantages of small size and weight, high integration, etc. Among various starter-generator systems, the multi-stage brushless synchronous starter-generator system has great potential in the application of integrated aviation starter-generator due to its advantages of high reliability and excellent power generation quality.

[0003] The schematic diagram of a typical multi-stage brushless synchronous starter generator is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is composed of a permanent magnet auxiliary exciter, an exciter, a rotating rectifier and a main motor. The exciter provides a DC excitation current to the rotor winding of the main motor via the rotating rectifier connected to its rotor winding.

[0004] The large thermal and mechanical stresses during the high-speed rotation of the motor make the rotating parts of the multi-stage starter generator become the parts with the highest electrical failure rate in the system. Therefore, conducting research on electrical fault diagnosis of rotating parts is of great significance to improving system reliability and maintainability. The electrical-related rotating parts of the multi-stage starter generator include the exciter rotor winding, rotating rectifier, and main motor excitation winding, all of which may have open circuit faults or short circuit faults. Among various electrical faults, short circuit or open circuit of single-phase winding (or single diode) is the earliest and most common type of fault, so it is necessary to monitor the health status of the exciter rotor winding, rotating rectifier, and main motor excitation winding in real time, that is, to diagnose whether the rotating parts have electrical faults in real time, which is called electrical fault diagnosis of rotating parts of multi-stage starter generators.

[0005] When conducting electrical fault diagnosis on the rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator, it is necessary to determine the fault type and the component where the fault occurs, that is, whether the fault is a short circuit or an open circuit, and whether the fault point is the exciter rotor winding, the rotating rectifier, or the main motor excitation winding. In addition, if the fault point is in the exciter rotor winding or the rotating rectifier, it is necessary to further determine the specific location of the fault, that is, to locate the faulty phase of the exciter rotor winding or the faulty diode of the rotating rectifier, so as to facilitate taking appropriate measures after the fault. Most of the existing fault diagnosis methods for multi-stage starter generators conduct fault diagnosis on the exciter rotor winding, the rotating rectifier, or the main motor excitation winding separately, and there are few methods that can simultaneously diagnose and locate faults for these three components.

[0006] The present invention proposes an online diagnosis method for electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator based on the exciter rotor current characteristics. The proposed method can realize online diagnosis of whether electrical faults occur in rotating parts of the multi-stage starter generator (including exciter rotor windings, rotating rectifiers and main motor excitation windings), as well as judgment of the fault type and location of the fault point. Summary of the invention

[0007] Technical issues to be solved

[0008] In order to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes an online diagnosis method for electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator. Regarding the electrical fault diagnosis of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are mainly: online diagnosis of whether electrical faults occur in the rotating parts of the multi-stage starter generator (including the exciter rotor winding, the rotating rectifier and the main motor excitation winding), and judgment of the fault type (open circuit fault or short circuit fault) and the specific location of the fault point.

[0009] Technical Solution

[0010] An online diagnosis method for electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator, wherein the rotating parts include an exciter rotor winding, a rotating rectifier and a main motor excitation winding. The exciter rotor winding includes three-phase windings A, B and C, which are denoted as EA, EB and EC; the rotating rectifier is composed of 6 diodes, and the upper tube of the rotating rectifier A phase is marked as D1, the lower tube is marked as D4, the upper tube of the B phase is marked as D3, the lower tube is marked as D6, and the upper tube of the C phase is marked as D5, and the lower tube is marked as D2; the main motor excitation winding is marked as MM. It is stipulated that the direction of the current flowing from the exciter rotor winding into the rotating rectifier is positive. The electrical faults include open circuit faults and short circuit faults.

[0011] The method is characterized in that the steps are as follows:

[0012] Step 1: Use sensors to collect the stator voltage and current of the exciter, and estimate the three-phase current of the exciter rotor according to the voltage equation and flux equation of the exciter, denoted as i a 、i b 、i c , it is stipulated that the direction of the current flowing from the exciter rotor winding into the rotating rectifier is positive;

[0013] The average value of the exciter rotor current vector amplitude in one cycle is calculated according to the estimated exciter rotor three-phase current, and then the rotor three-phase current is normalized by using the average value as a normalization factor;

[0014] The fundamental component with the same frequency as the exciter rotor current is filtered out from the normalized current, and the filtered value is recorded as i ah 、i bh 、ich ;

[0015] to i a 、i b 、i c 、i ah 、i bh 、i ch Take the absolute value and record it as i |a| 、i |b| 、i |c| 、i |ah| 、i |bh| 、i |ch| ;

[0016] The sliding window mode is used to calculate the i in a cycle a 、i b 、i c 、i |a| 、i |b| 、i |c| 、i |ah| 、i |bh| 、i |ch| The average values ​​of a , A b , A c , A |a| , A |b| , A |c| , A |ah| , A |bh| , A |ch| ;

[0017] Calculate A |a| , A |b| , A |c| The ratio difference, Denoted as d1; Denoted as d2; Take the maximum value among d1, d2, and d3, and record it as d max , that is, d max =max{d1,d2,d3}, called the maximum ratio difference;

[0018] Step 2: Use the value obtained in step 1 and the thresholds P1 and P2 to diagnose the electrical fault of the rotating component, identify the faulty component and determine the fault type as follows:

[0019] According to A |a| , A |b| , A |c| , A |ah| , A |bh| , A |ch| The fault diagnosis of the main motor excitation winding is carried out based on the relationship between the threshold values ​​P1 and P2. The threshold values ​​P1 and P2 are positive values ​​close to 0. The fault type is judged as follows:

[0020] (1) When A |a| <P1 and A |b| <P1 and A |c| <P1, it is determined that an open - circuit fault has occurred in the main motor excitation winding;

[0021] (2) If A |a| ≥P1 or A |b| ≥P1 or A |c| ≥P1, when A |ah| <P2 and A |bh| <P2 and A |ch| <P2, it is determined that a short - circuit fault has occurred in the main motor excitation winding;

[0022] According to the interval where the value of d max is located, and the magnitude relationships between A a , A b , A c and the absolute values |A a |, |A b |, |A c | and the threshold P3, identify the faults of the exciter rotor winding or the rotating rectifier; where the threshold P3 takes a positive value close to 0, D1≈0.5, D2≥10, D3≈1.5, and is adjusted and determined according to the actual application object:

[0023] (1) When |A a |<P3 and |A b |<P3 and |A c |<P3, and 0≤d max <D1, it is determined that no electrical fault has occurred in the rotating components;

[0024] (2) When |A a |<P3 and |A b |<P3 and |A c |<P3, and D1≤d max ≤D2, it is determined that a short - circuit fault has occurred in the exciter rotor winding;

[0025] (3) When |A a |<P3 and |A b |<P3 and |A c |<P3, and d max >D2, it is determined that an open - circuit fault has occurred in the exciter rotor winding;

[0026] (4) When |A a |≥P3 or |A b |≥P3 or |A c |≥P3, and d max ≤D3, it is determined that a short - circuit fault has occurred in the rotating rectifier;

[0027] (5)When |A a |≥P3 or |A b |≥P3 or |A c |≥P3, and d max >D3, it is determined that the rotating rectifier has an open circuit fault.

[0028] This is more clearly shown in Table 1 below:

[0029] Table 1: Faulty equipment and fault type diagnosis criteria

[0030]

[0031] After determining in step 2 that the exciter rotor winding or rotating rectifier is faulty, locate the fault point as follows:

[0032] Calculate A |a| , A |b| , A |c| The ratio of is approximately equal to 1: Calculate Denoted as e1; calculation Denoted as e2; calculation Recorded as e3; take the minimum value among e1, e2, and e3, recorded as e min , that is, e min =min{e1,e2,e3}, called the minimum approximate difference;

[0033] Calculate the number of phases with positive average current among the three-phase currents of the exciter rotor, denoted as sum + ;

[0034] According to e min and sum + The value of is used to locate the fault point:

[0035] (1) When e min = e1, the fault phase is judged to be phase C; when e min = e2, the fault phase is determined to be phase A; when e min =e3, the fault phase is judged to be phase B;

[0036] (2) When it is determined in step 2 that the faulty device is a rotating rectifier, further fault location is performed; when sum + =1, it is judged that the fault occurs in the lower bridge arm of the fault phase; when sum + =2, it is judged that the fault occurs in the upper bridge arm of the faulty phase.

[0037] This is more clearly shown in Table 2 below:

[0038] Table 2: Fault location criteria table

[0039]

[0040] The sliding window mode is adopted according to the rotor current frequency of the exciter.

[0041] The exciter rotor current frequency adopts the sliding window mode: the rotor current frequency is f1, the sampling frequency is f2, and the number of sampling points in one current cycle is Perform moving window sampling according to the number of sampling points n.

[0042] The filtering in step 1 uses a band-stop filter to filter out the fundamental component of the current obtained after normalization, which has the same frequency as the exciter rotor current.

[0043] A multi-stage starter generator controller, characterized in that it includes a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is used to implement the steps of the multi-stage starter generator rotating component electrical fault online diagnosis method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program stored in the memory.

[0044] A readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored on the readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the online diagnosis method of electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 are implemented.

[0045] A computer program product, characterized in that it includes computer executable instructions, which, when executed, are used to implement the online diagnosis method for electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

[0046] Beneficial Effects

[0047] The present invention proposes an online diagnosis method for electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator, and proposes an online diagnosis and positioning method for electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage brushless synchronous starter generator based on the characteristics of the exciter rotor current. The method first estimates the three-phase current of the exciter rotor, and then performs a series of processing such as taking the absolute value, taking the average value, normalizing, filtering the fundamental wave, etc. on the estimated rotor current to obtain characteristic quantities such as the maximum ratio difference and the minimum approximate difference, which are used for the diagnosis and positioning of electrical faults of rotating parts of the multi-stage starter generator. The proposed method can diagnose online whether electrical faults occur in the rotating parts of the multi-stage starter generator (including the exciter rotor winding, the rotating rectifier and the main motor excitation winding), and determine the fault type (open circuit fault or short circuit fault) and the specific location of the fault point. The method helps to improve the operating reliability and maintenance convenience of the multi-stage starter generator system.

[0048] The proposed method can diagnose online whether the rotating parts of the multi-stage starter generator (including the exciter rotor winding, rotating rectifier and main motor excitation winding) have electrical faults, and determine the fault type and specific location of the fault point. This method helps to improve the operating reliability and maintenance convenience of the multi-stage starter generator system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-stage starter generator;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit of the rotor part of the multi-stage starter generator;

[0051] Figure 3 The present invention provides a method for diagnosing and locating electrical faults of rotating parts;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a data processing block diagram of the electrical fault diagnosis of the rotating parts proposed by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the method for diagnosing and locating electrical faults of rotating parts proposed by the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 Characteristic quantities Aabc, A|abc|, A|abch| for the main motor excitation winding short circuit (operating condition 1);

[0055] Figure 7 Characteristic quantities d1, d2, d3, dmax; e1, e2, e3, emin; sum+ for the main motor excitation winding short circuit (operating condition 1);

[0056] Figure 8 The characteristic quantities Aabc, A|abc|, and A|abch| of the exciter rotor winding phase C open circuit (operating condition 2) are:

[0057] Fig. 9 The characteristic quantities of the exciter rotor winding C phase open circuit (operating condition 2) are d1, d2, d3, dmax; e1, e2, e3, emin; sum+;

[0058] Fig.10 are the characteristic quantities Aabc, A|abc|, A|abch| of the short circuit (operating condition 3) of the upper tube (D1) of phase A of the rotating rectifier;

[0059] Fig.11 The characteristic quantities d1, d2, d3, dmax, e1, e2, e3, emin, and sum+ are the short circuit (operating condition 3) of the upper tube (D1) of phase A of the rotating rectifier.

[0060] Fig.12The characteristic quantities Aabc, A|abc|, and A|abch| are when no electrical fault occurs (operating condition 4);

[0061] Fig.13 Characteristic quantities d1, d2, d3, dmax; e1, e2, e3, emin; sum+ when no electrical fault occurs (working condition 4). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings:

[0063] An online diagnosis and positioning method for electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator based on the exciter rotor current characteristics. The rotating parts include the exciter rotor winding, the rotating rectifier and the main motor excitation winding. The exciter rotor winding includes three-phase windings A, B and C, which are marked as EA, EB and EC; the rotating rectifier is composed of 6 diodes, and the upper tube of the rotating rectifier A phase is marked as D1 and the lower tube is D4, the upper tube of the B phase is marked as D3 and the lower tube is D6, and the upper tube of the C phase is marked as D5 and the lower tube is D2; the main motor excitation winding is marked as MM. It is stipulated that the direction of the current flowing from the exciter rotor winding into the rotating rectifier is positive. The electrical faults include open circuit faults and short circuit faults.

[0064] Figure 3 The present invention provides a method for diagnosing and locating electrical faults of rotating parts; Figure 4 This is a data processing block diagram of the electrical fault diagnosis of the rotating parts proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, and the present invention includes but is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0065] In the embodiment, a multi-stage starter generator simulation model is built, and the structure diagram of the multi-stage starter generator used is as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the stator excitation winding of the exciter is a two-phase winding. During the system simulation operation, it is assumed that the direction of the current flowing from the exciter rotor winding into the rotating rectifier is positive, the motor speed is 100r / min, the exciter stator excitation voltage is 100V, the frequency is 110Hz, and the exciter rotor current frequency is 100Hz. Taking the main motor excitation winding short circuit (operating condition 1), the exciter rotor winding C phase open circuit (operating condition 2), the rotating rectifier A phase upper tube (D1) short circuit (operating condition 3), and no electrical fault (operating condition 4) as an example to illustrate the proposed fault diagnosis and positioning method, the specific steps included in the embodiment are as follows:

[0066] 1. Estimate the three-phase current of the exciter rotor, perform data processing, and obtain the required characteristic quantities. The details are as follows:

[0067] (1.1) Use sensors to detect the stator phase current i of the exciteralphas 、i betas and phase voltage u alphas 、u betas , the three-phase current of the exciter rotor is estimated by the existing method, denoted as i a 、i b 、i c .

[0068] (1.2) The average value of the exciter rotor current vector amplitude within one cycle is calculated based on the estimated three-phase current of the exciter rotor, and then the normalization process is performed using this average value as the normalization factor. The fundamental component of the normalized current with the same frequency as the exciter rotor current is filtered out using a band-stop filter, and the filtered value is recorded as i ah 、i bh 、i ch .

[0069] (1.3) For the obtained i a 、i b 、i c 、i ah 、i bh 、i ch Take the absolute value and record it as i |a| 、i |b| 、i |c| 、i |ah| 、i |bh| 、i |ch| .

[0070] (1.4) According to the exciter rotor current frequency, the sliding window mode is used to calculate the i within one cycle. a 、i b 、i c 、i |a| 、i |b| 、i |c| 、i |ah| 、i |bh| 、i |ch| The average value of the rotor current is 100Hz, and the sampling frequency is 100kHz. The number of sampling points in one cycle of the current is Based on this, moving window sampling is performed to calculate i in a cycle in real time a 、i b 、i c 、i |a| 、i |b| 、i |c| 、i |ah| 、i |bh| 、i |ch| The average values ​​of a , A b , A c , A |a| , A|b| , A |c| , A |ah| , A |bh| , A |ch| .

[0071] (1.5) Calculate A |a| , A |b| , A |c| The ratio difference, And take the maximum value: d max =max{d1, d2, d3}.

[0072] The above steps can be used to obtain the fault diagnosis feature quantity. The simulation results are shown in Table 3 and Figure 6-Figure 13 As shown:

[0073] Table 3: Example exciter rotor current preprocessing parameter value results

[0074] Eigenvalue (A) <![CDATA[A a ]]> <![CDATA[A b ]]> <![CDATA[A c ]]> <![CDATA[A |a| ]]> <![CDATA[A |b| ]]> <![CDATA[A |c| ]]> <![CDATA[A |ah| ]]> <![CDATA[A |bh| ]]> <![CDATA[A |ch| ]]> Condition 1 0 0 0 27.1 27.1 27.1 0.01 0.01 0.01 Condition 2 0 0 0 7.7 7.7 0 0.23 0.23 0 Condition 3 -16.5 8.3 8.2 21.9 14.7 15.1 0.60 0.33 0.32 Condition 4 0 0 0 9.2 9.2 9.2 0.10 0.10 0.10 Eigenvalue <![CDATA[d1]]> <![CDATA[d2]]> <![CDATA[d3]]> <![CDATA[d max ]]> <![CDATA[e1]]> <![CDATA[e2]]> <![CDATA[e3]]> <![CDATA[e min ]]> <![CDATA[sum + ]]> Condition 1 - - - - - - - - - Condition 2 ∞ ∞ 1 ∞ 0 ∞ ∞ <![CDATA[e1]]> - Condition 3 0.52 0.28 0.80 0.80 0.49 0.03 0.46 <![CDATA[e2]]> 2 Condition 4 0 0 0 0 - - - - -

[0075] 2: Based on the characteristic quantities obtained in step 1, perform electrical fault diagnosis of the rotating component according to Table 1, including identifying the faulty component and determining the fault type.

[0076] (2.1) According to A |a| , A |b| , A |c| , A |ah| , A |bh| , A |ch| The fault diagnosis of the main motor excitation winding is performed based on the relationship between the threshold values ​​P1 and P2, and the threshold values ​​P1 and P2 are set to 0.02.

[0077] Condition 1: A |a| >0.02 and A |b| >0.02 and A |c| >0.02, A |ah| <0.02 and A |bh| <0.02 and A |ch| <0.02, it is judged that the main motor excitation winding has a short circuit fault.

[0078] Condition 2: A |a| >0.02, A |b| >0.02, A |c| <0.02, A |ah| >0.02, A |bh| >0.02, A cerhabs <0.02.

[0079] Condition 3: A |a| >0.02, A |b| >0.02, A|c| >0.02, A |ah| >0.02, A |bh| >0.02, A cerhabs >0.02.

[0080] Condition 4: A |a| <0.02, A |b| <0.02, A |c| <0.02, A |ah| >0.02, A |bh| >0.02, A cerhabs >0.02.

[0081] (2.2) According to d max The value range of A a , A b , A c The absolute value of |A a |、|A b |、|A c |The relationship between the magnitude of the threshold value P3 identifies the fault of the exciter rotor winding or the rotating rectifier. Among them, the threshold value P3 is 0.02, D1=0.5, D2=10, and D3=1.5.

[0082] Condition 2: |A a |<0.02,|A b |<0.02,|A c |<0.02, d max =∞>10, it is judged that the exciter rotor winding is open circuit fault.

[0083] Condition 3: |A a |>0.02,|A b |>0.02,|A c |>0.02,d max =0.80<1.5, it is judged that the rotating rectifier is short-circuited.

[0084] Condition 4: |A a |<0.02,|A b |<0.02,|A c |<0.02, d max =0<0.5, it is judged that there is no electrical fault in the rotating parts.

[0085] 3: If the exciter rotor winding or rotating rectifier is judged to be faulty in step 2, according to Table 2 and e min and sum + The fault point is located based on the value of

[0086] (3.1) Calculate A |a| , A |b| , A|c| The ratio of is close to 1. Calculate And take the minimum value: e min =min{e1,e2,e3}.

[0087] (3.2) Calculate the number of phases with positive average current among the three-phase currents of the exciter rotor, denoted as sum + .

[0088] The above steps can be used to obtain the fault diagnosis feature quantity, and the results are shown in Table 3 and Figure 6-Figure 13 shown.

[0089] (3.3) According to e min and sum + The fault point is located by using the value of

[0090] Condition 2: e min =e1, the fault point is located in the C-phase winding of the exciter rotor.

[0091] Condition 3: e min =e2, the fault phase is phase A; sum + =2, the fault point is located in the upper bridge arm. The fault point is located in the rotating rectifier D1 tube.

[0092] The present invention proposes an online diagnosis and location method for electrical faults of rotating parts of multi-stage starter generators based on the exciter rotor current characteristics, which can diagnose online whether electrical faults occur in rotating parts of multi-stage starter generators (including exciter rotor windings, rotating rectifiers and main motor excitation windings), and determine the fault type and specific location of the fault point. This method helps to improve the operating reliability and maintenance convenience of multi-stage starter generator systems.

Claims

1. A method for online diagnosis of electrical faults in rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator, characterized in that Here are the steps: Step 1: Use sensors to collect the stator voltage and current of the exciter, and estimate the three-phase current of the exciter rotor based on the voltage equation and flux equation of the exciter, denoted as i a 、i b 、i c , it is stipulated that the direction of the current flowing from the exciter rotor winding into the rotating rectifier is positive; The average value of the exciter rotor current vector amplitude in one cycle is calculated according to the estimated exciter rotor three-phase current, and then the rotor three-phase current is normalized by using the average value as a normalization factor; The fundamental component with the same frequency as the exciter rotor current is filtered out from the normalized current, and the filtered value is recorded as i ah 、i bh 、i ch ; Contras a , i b , i c , i ah , i bh , i ch The process of completing the process, recording |a| , i |b| , i |c| , i |ah| , i |bh| , i |ch| ; The sliding window mode is used to calculate the i in a cycle a 、i b 、i c 、i |a| 、i |b| 、i |c| 、i |ah| 、i |bh| 、i |ch| The average values ​​of a , A b , A c , A |a| , A |b| , A |c| , A |ah| , A |bh| , A |ch| ; Calculate A |a| , A |b| , A |c| The ratio difference, Denoted as d1; Denoted as d2; Take the maximum value among d1, d2, and d3, and record it as d max , that is, d max =max{d1, d2, d3}, called the maximum ratio difference; Step 2: Use the value obtained in step 1 and the thresholds P1 and P2 to diagnose the electrical fault of the rotating component, identify the faulty component and determine the fault type as follows: According to A |a| , A |b| , A |c| , A |ah| , A |bh| , A |ch| The fault diagnosis of the main motor excitation winding is carried out based on the relationship between the threshold values ​​P1 and P2. The threshold values ​​P1 and P2 are positive values ​​close to 0. The fault type is judged as follows: (1) When A |a| <P1 and A |b| <P1 and A |c| <P1, it is judged that the main motor excitation winding has an open circuit fault; (2) If A |a| ≥ P1 or A |b| ≥ P1 or A |c| ≥ P1, when A |ah| < P2 and A |bh| < P2 and A |ch| < P2, it is determined that a short - circuit fault has occurred in the main motor excitation winding; According to d max The value range of A a , A b , A c The absolute value of |A a |、|A b |、|A c | The relationship between the magnitude of the threshold value P3 identifies the fault of the exciter rotor winding or the rotating rectifier; wherein, the threshold value P3 is a positive value close to 0, D1 is 0.5, D2 ≥ 10, D3 ≈ 1.5, and is adjusted and determined according to the actual application object: (1) When |A a |<P3 and |A b |<P3 and |A c |<P3, and 0≤d max <D1, it is judged that there is no electrical fault in the rotating parts; (2) When |A a |<P3 and |A b |<P3 and |A c |<P3, and D1≤d max ≤D2, it is judged that the exciter rotor winding has a short circuit fault; (3) When |A a | < P3 and |A b | < P3 and |A c | < P3, and d max > D2, it is determined that an open - circuit fault has occurred in the exciter rotor winding; (4) When |A a |≥P3 or |A b |≥P3 or |A c |≥P3, and d max ≤D3, it is judged that the rotating rectifier has a short circuit fault; (5)When |A a |≥P3 or |A b |≥P3 or |A c |≥P3, and d max >D3, it is determined that the rotating rectifier has an open circuit fault.

2. The method for online diagnosis of electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After determining in step 2 that the exciter rotor winding or rotating rectifier is faulty, locate the fault point as follows: Calculate A |a| , A |b| , A |c| The ratio of is approximately equal to 1: Calculate Denoted as e1; calculation Denoted as e2; calculation Recorded as e3; take the minimum value among e1, e2, and e3, recorded as e min , that is, e min =min{e1, e2, e3}, called the minimum approximate difference; Calculate the number of phases with positive average current among the three-phase currents of the exciter rotor, denoted as sum + ; According to e min and sum + The value of is used to locate the fault point: (1) When e min = e1, the fault phase is judged to be phase C; when e min = e2, the fault phase is determined to be phase A; when e min =e3, the fault phase is judged to be phase B; (2) When it is determined in step 2 that the faulty device is a rotating rectifier, further fault location is performed; when sum + =1, it is judged that the fault occurs in the lower bridge arm of the fault phase; when sum + =2, it is judged that the fault occurs in the upper bridge arm of the faulty phase.

3. The method for online diagnosis of electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sliding window mode is adopted according to the rotor current frequency of the exciter.

4. The method for online diagnosis of electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The exciter rotor current frequency adopts the sliding window mode: the rotor current frequency is f1, the sampling frequency is f2, then the number of sampling points in one cycle of the current is Perform moving window sampling according to the number of sampling points n.

5. The method for online diagnosis of electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtering in step 1 uses a band-stop filter to filter out the fundamental component of the current obtained after normalization, which has the same frequency as the exciter rotor current.

6. A multi-stage starter generator controller, characterized in that: It comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is used to implement the steps of the method for online diagnosis of electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing a computer program stored in the memory.

7. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: The readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for online diagnosis of electrical faults of rotating components of a multi-stage starter generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer program product, characterized in that It comprises computer executable instructions, which are used to implement the online diagnosis method of electrical faults of rotating parts of a multi-stage starter generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 when being executed.

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