Water supply network surrounding environment index rapid identification method for risk assessment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of data processing, and discloses a water supply network surrounding environment index rapid identification method for risk assessment, which comprises the following steps: firstly, importing an urban road network layer and a water supply network layer into a new project file of QGIS software, and connecting a satellite map; then, integration of three-source data is carried out; identifying the road grade and the road traffic load grade of the water supply pipe network; and finally identifying the environment type of the area where the water supply pipe network is located. According to the method, the road grade and the regional environment of the urban water supply network can be identified only by acquiring the open source city road network information and the satellite map provided by the OSM, and rapid identification of the road grade, the road traffic load grade and the regional environment attribute information of the water supply network in the QGIS software is realized; the information acquisition cost and threshold are reduced, the information acquisition speed and efficiency are improved, and convenience is provided for assessment of the risk of the surrounding environment of the urban water supply pipe network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of data processing, and in particular relates to a method for quickly identifying environmental indicators surrounding a water supply network for risk assessment. Background Art

[0002] Whether the water supply network can operate stably will directly affect the lives of residents and the production of enterprises. At present, the urban water supply network is becoming more and more complex, and risk accidents such as pipe damage and leakage occur from time to time. Pipeline risk accidents will not only cause a large waste of water resources, but also affect the normal supply of water for residents' daily life and enterprise production, causing huge economic losses. Urban water supply pipelines are affected by the surrounding environment, operating conditions and their own factors, and may suffer structural elastic fatigue or damage due to stress exceeding the material limit, thereby threatening the safety and stable operation of the network.

[0003] Current research shows that the surrounding environmental indicators of the pipeline network, such as the road grade, road traffic load grade and regional environmental type, have an important impact on the risk assessment and analysis of the urban water supply network. Urban water supply pipelines are often laid under the road, bearing stresses such as the static soil load of the road surface and the dynamic load of ground traffic. Different road grades have different roadbeds, traffic volumes and speeds, which will have different effects on the health of water supply pipelines. The regional environment in which the water supply pipeline is located is different, and the traffic volume, pedestrian flow, number of buildings, etc. on the road surface are also different, which will have different degrees of impact on the operating status of the water supply pipeline. The greater the traffic volume and pedestrian flow, and the more buildings, the greater the static and dynamic loads on the surrounding soil. Under the action of a long time, the risk of leakage and rupture of the water supply pipeline will increase.

[0004] The physical property information of the completed water supply network pipelines no longer changes significantly, and is a relatively stable indicator in risk analysis and assessment; however, with the acceleration of urban development, the external environment of the water supply network is becoming more and more complex, and information such as urban road grades, road traffic load grades, and regional environments may change. The water company has basic data such as the physical property information of water supply pipelines, such as pipe diameter, pipe material, and pipe age, but information such as urban road grades, road traffic load grades, and regional environmental types cannot be directly obtained from the water company. Therefore, a method for quickly identifying the road grades, road traffic load grades, and regional environmental types of urban water supply networks is urgently needed for risk assessment and analysis of urban water supply networks. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for quickly identifying the road grade, road traffic load grade and regional environment of a city water supply network, which is used for analyzing and evaluating the impact of the surrounding environment on the leakage risk of the water supply network.

[0006] The above-mentioned object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for quickly identifying environmental indicators around a water supply network for risk assessment, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: For the water supply network used for risk assessment, after the OSM data of the urban road network where the water supply network is located is downloaded, a new project file is created in the QGIS software, the urban road network shp file is found in the OSM data and added to the project file to obtain the urban road network layer with the required road category information; the water supply network shp file is added to the project file to obtain the water supply network layer; the satellite map is connected through XYZ Tiles in the QGIS software and added to the project file;

[0009] S2: Check whether the road locations provided by the urban road network layer and the water supply network layer are the same as those in the satellite map; and use the move tool in the QGIS software to move the urban road network layer and / or water supply network layer that are offset to the correct position by comparing with the satellite map;

[0010] S3: Create a new road level attribute field in the urban road network layer of the project file; the road category attribute field "fclass" in the OSM data contains the classification of urban roads, and assign the road level to the road level attribute field "road level" according to the corresponding relationship between the road category and the road level, so as to obtain the road level information;

[0011] A new road traffic load class attribute "load class" field is created in the urban road network layer of the engineering file; according to the correspondence between the road class and the road traffic load class, the road traffic load class is assigned to the road traffic load class attribute "load class" field, that is, the road load class information is obtained;

[0012] By manually inputting or using the "spatial connection" function in QGIS software, the road grade and road traffic load grade information obtained are added to the pipe sections of the water supply network, thus completing the identification of the road grade and road traffic load grade of the water supply network.

[0013] S4: Create a new regional environment attribute "area envir" field in the water supply network layer of the project file, and assign the regional environment to the attribute "area envir" field based on the obtained correspondence between road grades, road categories and regional environments and satellite maps, thereby completing the identification of the regional environment where the water supply network is located.

[0014] Furthermore, in S1, the OSM data is shp data downloaded from the OSM official website.

[0015] Furthermore, in S3, the road grades include: branch roads, secondary roads, main roads, and express roads.

[0016] Furthermore, in S3, the corresponding relationship between the road category and the road grade is:

[0017] When the road category is expressway, expressway-connection, trunk road, trunk road-connection, the road grade is expressway;

[0018] When the road category is main road, main road-connection, secondary road, or secondary road-connection, the road grade is trunk road;

[0019] When the road category is a third-level road or a third-level road-connection, the road grade is a secondary trunk road;

[0020] When the road category is a residential road or an unclassified road, the road grade is a branch road;

[0021] When the road category is other road categories, the road grade is a null value.

[0022] Furthermore, in S3, the road traffic load level can be divided into level I and level II.

[0023] Furthermore, in S3, the corresponding relationship between the road grade and the road traffic load grade is:

[0024] When the road grade is expressway, the road traffic load grade is highway grade I;

[0025] When the road grade is a trunk road, the road traffic load grade is highway grade I;

[0026] When the road grade is a secondary trunk road, the road traffic load grade is highway grade II;

[0027] When the road grade is a branch road, the road traffic load grade is highway grade II.

[0028] Further, in S3, the obtained road grade and the obtained road traffic load grade information are added to the pipe section of the water supply network by manual input, including: adding the road location where the water supply network pipe section is located by combining the satellite map with the urban road network layer and the longitude and latitude coordinates of the QGIS software;

[0029] First, determine the road where the current pipe section is located in the QGIS software, and assign the road grade attribute and road load grade attribute of the road to the current pipe section, so as to obtain the road grade information and road load grade information of the current pipe section; the road where the current pipe section is located includes the road that does not deviate from the width range of the current pipe section and the road that intersects with the current pipe section;

[0030] Secondly, if the current pipe section does not completely overlap with the road on the satellite map, the road with the shortest vertical distance is determined as the adjacent road to the pipe section, and the road grade and road load grade of the adjacent road to the pipe section are assigned to the current pipe section;

[0031] Among them, when the road where the current pipe section is located is outside the four road grades, the road grade attribute of the current pipe section is assigned a null value.

[0032] Furthermore, in S3, through the "spatial connection" function carried by the QGIS software, the water supply network layer is connected to the road grade attribute "road level" field, the road traffic load grade attribute "load class" field and the viaduct attribute "bridge" field in the urban road network layer, that is, the road grade and road load grade information of the road closest to the water supply network section in vertical distance are obtained.

[0033] Furthermore, when the current pipe section is seen to be within the width of the viaduct or intersects with the viaduct on the satellite map, during manual input or after "spatial connection", the "bridge" field of the viaduct attribute in the urban road network layer is used to determine whether the road where the current pipe section is located belongs to an viaduct. If it is an viaduct, the road grade and road load grade of the ground road under the viaduct are manually assigned to the current pipe section.

[0034] Furthermore, in S4, the regional environment is divided into five categories: intersection, green belt, sidewalk, non-motorized vehicle lane, and motor vehicle lane.

[0035] Furthermore, in S4, according to the obtained correspondence between the road grade, road category and regional environment and the satellite map, the regional environment is assigned to the attribute "area envir" field, that is, the identification of the regional environment where the water supply network is located is completed; including:

[0036] First, according to the road grade, for the water supply network section whose road grade attribute is a non-null value field, its regional environmental attribute is judged to be a motor vehicle lane;

[0037] Then, for the water supply network sections whose road grade attribute is a null value field, the regional environmental attribute is judged according to the road category: for the water supply network sections whose road categories are small roads, small roads of level 1 to 5, small roads, living streets, service roads, bicycle lanes, and unknown roads, their regional environmental attribute is judged to be non-motorized vehicle lanes; for the water supply network sections whose road categories are sidewalks, pedestrian streets, and steps, their regional environmental attribute is judged to be sidewalks;

[0038] Then, for the water supply network section whose road category attribute is a null value field, it is determined whether the regional environmental attribute of the water supply network section is a green belt based on the satellite map.

[0039] When the water supply network deviates from the road width, the regional environment of the pipe section is judged in combination with the satellite map and attributes are assigned.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] (i) The present invention provides a method for freely obtaining urban road network information, and only needs to obtain the open source urban road network information and satellite map provided by OpenStreet Map to identify the road grade and regional environment of the urban water supply network, thereby reducing the cost and threshold for obtaining the surrounding environment information of the network.

[0042] (ii) The present invention integrates and applies multi-source data by fusing multi-source data, including OSM urban road network data, water supply network data and satellite maps, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of obtaining environmental information around the water supply network during risk assessment, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of environmental information identification, and providing reliable data support for water supply network risk assessment.

[0043] (III) The present invention proposes a correspondence between urban road network information and surrounding environmental information, and realizes rapid identification of road grade, road traffic load grade and regional environmental attribute information of the water supply network in QGIS software, thereby reducing labor costs and human judgment errors, improving the speed and efficiency of obtaining environmental information surrounding the network, and facilitating the assessment of environmental risks surrounding the urban water supply network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 1 It is a technical flow chart of the method for quickly identifying the environmental indicators around the pipe network of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram (part) of a city road network, city pipe network and regional environment in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but the examples do not limit the present invention in any form. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods and equipment used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the art. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for quickly identifying environmental indicators around a water supply network for risk assessment, which is performed in the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Obtain public OSM data of relevant urban road network information and import the data into QGIS software.

[0050] The urban road network shp data (OSM data for short) provided by Open Street Map is open source vector spatial data. The urban road network, building and other shp data of the required countries and regions can be downloaded on the official website of Open Street Map.

[0051] After the required OSM data is downloaded, create a new project file in QGIS software, find the gis_osm_roads_free_1.shp file (i.e., the urban road network shp file) in the OSM data package and add it to the newly created project file to obtain the urban road network layer. In the properties of the urban road network layer, you can view the road class attribute information (field name fclass), as shown in Table 1.

[0052] Add the water supply network shp file used for risk assessment to the same project file to obtain the water supply network layer.

[0053] Connect Bing Satellite Maps through XYZ Tiles in QGIS software and add them to the same project file.

[0054] The above operations complete the import of all data required by this method.

[0055] Table 1 Urban road network layer properties in QGIS (partial)

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] Step 2: Integration of three-source data.

[0059] Check whether the road locations provided on the urban road network layer and the water supply network layer are the same as the road locations on the satellite map. If there is an offset, correction is required.

[0060] There may be inconsistencies between the added OSM data, water supply network data and satellite maps. You should first check the location, unify the coordinate system and projection surface, and use the move tool in the QGIS software if necessary to move the offset urban road network layer and / or water supply network layer to the location of the road on the satellite map, comparing it with the urban roads shown on the satellite map.

[0061] Step 3: Identify the road grade and road traffic load grade where the water supply network is located.

[0062] According to the Technical Standards for Highway Engineering in Urbanized Areas (JTG 2112-2021) and the Technical Standards for Highway Engineering (JTG B01-2014), the corresponding relationship between road categories and road grades is proposed, as shown in Table 2; at the same time, the corresponding relationship between road grades, road traffic load grades and the annual average daily design traffic volume of roads is proposed, as shown in Table 3. The road traffic load grade is closely related to the road grade. The higher the road grade, the more traffic load it carries. The road traffic load grade is used as a quantitative standard for the traffic load borne by the road where the water supply network is located to evaluate and compare the load risk size borne by different water supply network sections.

[0063] (1) Obtaining road grade information.

[0064] The roads where the water supply network is located are divided into four levels according to their functions: branch roads, secondary roads, main roads, and expressways.

[0065] Since the downloaded OSM data does not contain the corresponding road level attribute information, it is necessary to create a new road level attribute "road level" field in the urban road network layer of the above project file. The road category attribute "fclass" field in the OSM data contains the classification of urban roads. According to the correspondence between road category and road level (as shown in Table 2), the road level is assigned to the road level attribute "road level1" field to obtain the road level information.

[0066] Table 2 Correspondence between road categories and road grades

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] (2) Obtaining road traffic load level information.

[0070] After obtaining the road grade information, a new road traffic load grade attribute "load class" field is created in the urban road network layer of the above-mentioned project file. According to the correspondence between the urban road grade and the road traffic load grade (as shown in Table 3), the road traffic load grade is assigned to the "load class" field to obtain the road traffic load information.

[0071] Table 3 Correspondence between road grade and road traffic load grade

[0072]

[0073] (3) Identification of the road grade and road traffic load grade where the water supply network is located.

[0074] Select the manual input or "spatial connection" method to add the obtained road grade and road traffic load grade to the water supply network section used for risk assessment, thus completing the identification of the road grade and road traffic load grade of the water supply network. The specific operations are as follows:

[0075] When inputting manually, the road location of the water supply pipe network section is assigned by combining the satellite map, the urban road network layer, and the longitude and latitude coordinates of the QGIS software. In the QGIS software, the road where the current pipe section is located is determined, and the road grade attribute and road load grade attribute of the road are assigned to the current pipe section, and the road grade information and road load grade information of the current pipe section can be obtained; among which, the road where the current pipe section is located includes the road that does not deviate from the width range of the current pipe section and the road that intersects with the current pipe section. However, if Figure 2 As shown in the figure, since the urban water supply network is buried deep underground and most of them are located on the side of the road, sometimes the pipe section on the water supply pipeline layer does not completely overlap with the road on the satellite map. Therefore, the distance between the current pipe section and the road is used for judgment. The road with the closest vertical distance is judged as the road adjacent to the pipe section, and its road grade and road load grade are assigned to the current pipe section. In addition, when the road where the pipe section is located is outside the four road grades, the road grade attribute of the current pipe section is assigned a null value.

[0076] You can also choose to use the "spatial connection" function provided by QGIS software, and use the water supply network layer to connect the road grade attribute "road level" field, road traffic load grade attribute "load class" field and viaduct attribute "bridge" field in the urban road network layer to obtain the road grade and road load grade information of the road closest to the water supply network section in vertical distance.

[0077] Note: Manual input or "spatial connection" may result in the pipe segment overlapping or intersecting with the viaduct. Because the viaduct is not on the ground, when the current pipe segment is within the width of the viaduct or intersecting with the viaduct on the satellite map, the actual location of the current pipe segment is not on the viaduct, but on the road surface or below the ground below the viaduct. When manually inputting or after "spatial connection", it is necessary to determine whether the road where the current pipe segment is located belongs to the viaduct according to the "bridge" field of the viaduct attribute in the urban road network layer ("T" means that the road belongs to the viaduct, and "F" means that the road does not belong to the viaduct). If it is an viaduct, the road grade of the ground road under the viaduct needs to be manually assigned.

[0078] Step 4: Identify the environmental type of the area where the water supply network is located.

[0079] According to the Technical Standards for Highway Engineering in Urbanized Areas (JTG 2112-2021) and the Technical Standards for Highway Engineering (JTG B01-2014), the correspondence between road grades, road categories and regional environments is proposed, as shown in Table 4. The regional environment of the water supply network is divided into four categories: green belts, sidewalks, non-motorized lanes, and motor vehicle lanes. Create a new regional environment attribute "area envir" field in the urban pipe network layer of the QGIS software, and assign the regional environment to the attribute "area envir" field according to the correspondence between different road grades, road categories and regional environments (as shown in Table 4) and the actual satellite map, so as to obtain the regional environment of the water supply network. The specific operations are as follows:

[0080] In the third step, the road grade attributes of the water supply network sections have been assigned values, and the fields with non-null values ​​in the road grade attributes are all motor vehicle lanes in the regional environmental attributes. The regional environmental attributes can be directly assigned to this part of the water supply network.

[0081] For fields with null values ​​in the road grade attribute of the water supply network segment, it is necessary to determine the regional environmental attributes and assign values ​​based on the satellite map and the road category of the current segment; green belts do not belong to roads, so there is no direct correspondence between road types and green belts. In addition, sometimes when the water supply network deviates from the road width range, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it is impossible to use the road type and road grade to determine its regional environmental attributes. At this time, the regional environment of the pipe section can be judged in combination with the actual satellite map. From the satellite map, it can be seen that the water supply pipe network section is located on the green belt beside the road, and its regional environmental attribute is green belt. The regional environmental type of the pipe section with similar problems can also be judged according to the above method, and finally the attribute can be assigned.

[0082] Table 4 Correspondence between different road grades, road categories and regional environment

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms of specific changes without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid identification of environmental indicators around a water supply network for risk assessment, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: For the water supply network used for risk assessment, after the OSM data of the urban road network where the water supply network is located is downloaded, a new project file is created in the QGIS software, the urban road network shp file is found in the OSM data and added to the project file to obtain the urban road network layer with the required road category information; the water supply network shp file is added to the project file to obtain the water supply network layer; the satellite map is connected through XYZ Tiles in the QGIS software and added to the project file; S2: Check whether the road locations provided by the urban road network layer and the water supply network layer are the same as those in the satellite map; and use the move tool in the QGIS software to move the urban road network layer and / or water supply network layer that are offset to the correct position by comparing with the satellite map; S3: Create a new road level attribute "roadlevel" field in the urban road network layer of the project file; the road category attribute "fclass" field in the OSM data contains the classification of urban roads, and according to the correspondence between road category and road level, assign the road level to the road level attribute "road level" field, that is, obtain the road level information; A new road traffic load class attribute "load class" field is created in the urban road network layer of the engineering file; according to the correspondence between the road class and the road traffic load class, the road traffic load class is assigned to the road traffic load class attribute "load class" field, that is, the road load class information is obtained; By manually inputting or using the "spatial connection" function in QGIS software, the road grade and road traffic load grade information obtained are added to the pipe sections of the water supply network, thus completing the identification of the road grade and road traffic load grade of the water supply network. S4: Create a new regional environment attribute "area envir" field in the water supply network layer of the project file, and assign the regional environment to the attribute "area envir" field based on the obtained correspondence between road grades, road categories and regional environments and satellite maps, thereby completing the identification of the regional environment where the water supply network is located.

2. A method for rapid identification of environmental indicators surrounding a water supply network for risk assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the road grades include: branch roads, secondary roads, main roads, and express roads.

3. A method for rapid identification of environmental indicators surrounding a water supply network for risk assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the corresponding relationship between the road category and the road grade is: When the road category is expressway, expressway-connection, trunk road, trunk road-connection, the road grade is expressway; When the road category is main road, main road-connection, secondary road, or secondary road-connection, the road grade is trunk road; When the road category is a third-level road or a third-level road-connection, the road grade is a secondary trunk road; When the road category is a residential road or an unclassified road, the road grade is a branch road; When the road category is other road categories, the road grade is a null value.

4. A method for rapid identification of environmental indicators surrounding a water supply network for risk assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the road traffic load level can be divided into level I and level II.

5. A method for rapid identification of environmental indicators surrounding a water supply network for risk assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the corresponding relationship between the road grade and the road traffic load grade is: When the road grade is expressway, the road traffic load grade is highway grade I; When the road grade is a trunk road, the road traffic load grade is highway grade I; When the road grade is a secondary trunk road, the road traffic load grade is highway grade II; When the road grade is a branch road, the road traffic load grade is highway grade II.

6. A method for rapid identification of environmental indicators surrounding a water supply network for risk assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the obtained road grade and the obtained road traffic load grade information are added to the pipe section of the water supply network by manual input, including: combining the satellite map with the urban road network layer and the longitude and latitude coordinates of the QGIS software to add the road location where the water supply network pipe section is located; First, determine the road where the current pipe section is located in the QGIS software, and assign the road grade attribute and road load grade attribute of the road to the current pipe section, so as to obtain the road grade information and road load grade information of the current pipe section; the road where the current pipe section is located includes the road that does not deviate from the width range of the current pipe section and the road that intersects with the current pipe section; Secondly, if the current pipe section does not completely overlap with the road on the satellite map, the road with the shortest vertical distance is determined as the adjacent road to the pipe section, and the road grade and road load grade of the adjacent road to the pipe section are assigned to the current pipe section; Among them, when the road where the current pipe section is located is outside the four road grades, the road grade attribute of the current pipe section is assigned a null value.

7. A method for rapid identification of environmental indicators surrounding a water supply network for risk assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, through the "spatial connection" function carried by QGIS software, the water supply network layer is connected to the road level attribute "road level" field, the road traffic load class attribute "load class" field and the viaduct attribute "bridge" field in the urban road network layer, that is, the road grade and road load class information of the road closest to the water supply network section in vertical distance are obtained.

8. A method for rapid identification of environmental indicators surrounding a water supply network for risk assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the current pipe section is within the width of the viaduct or intersects with the viaduct on the satellite map, then during manual input or after "spatial connection", the "bridge" field of the viaduct attribute in the urban road network layer is used to determine whether the road where the current pipe section is located belongs to an viaduct. If it is an viaduct, the road grade and road load grade of the ground road under the viaduct are manually assigned to the current pipe section.

9. A method for rapid identification of environmental indicators surrounding a water supply network for risk assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the regional environment is divided into five categories: intersection, green belt, sidewalk, non-motorized vehicle lane, and motor vehicle lane.

10. A method for rapid identification of environmental indicators surrounding a water supply network for risk assessment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, according to the obtained correspondence between road grade, road category and regional environment and satellite map, the regional environment is assigned to the attribute "area envir" field, that is, the regional environment where the water supply network is located is identified; including: First, according to the road grade, for the water supply network section whose road grade attribute is a non-null value field, its regional environmental attribute is judged to be a motor vehicle lane; Then, for the water supply network sections whose road grade attribute is a null value field, the regional environmental attribute is judged according to the road category: for the water supply network sections whose road categories are small roads, small roads of level 1 to 5, small roads, living streets, service roads, bicycle lanes, and unknown roads, their regional environmental attribute is judged to be non-motorized vehicle lanes; for the water supply network sections whose road categories are sidewalks, pedestrian streets, and steps, their regional environmental attribute is judged to be sidewalks; Then, for the water supply network section whose road category attribute is a null value field, it is determined whether the regional environmental attribute of the water supply network section is a green belt based on the satellite map; When the water supply network deviates from the road width, the regional environment of the pipe section is judged in combination with the satellite map and attributes are assigned.

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