County temperature control load layered precise regulation and control method and device considering time delay characteristic

Abstract

According to the county temperature control load layered precise regulation and control method and device considering the time delay characteristic, a layered load control framework is constructed, and the layered load control framework comprises a dispatching instruction layer, a cooperative control layer and a load control layer; judging a communication delay existence link according to the layered load control architecture; simulating dynamic temperature change characteristics of the load control layer through an equivalent thermodynamic model; simplifying the equivalent thermodynamic model to establish a temperature control load cluster model, and introducing a transfer matrix to describe the evolution of the state of the power system along with time; the total power of the temperature control load cluster is dynamically adjusted by controlling the operation state of the load control layer, and real-time balance of the generating capacity and the electricity consumption in the electric power system is achieved. And constructing a temperature control load power control strategy in combination with a link with communication delay. According to the method, the influence of inevitable information transmission delay in county power grid control on power grid power balance is reduced, and the effectiveness of the strategy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of multiple loads and power systems, and specifically relates to a method and device for precise control of county-level temperature control loads by taking time-lag characteristics into consideration. Background Art

[0002] County power grids are an important part of my country's power system. They not only undertake the task of ensuring power supply in rural areas and supplying power to more than 70% of the country's population, but also consume more than 70% of various distributed renewable and clean energy.

[0003] At present, county power grids face huge challenges in the safe operation and dispatching control of centralized and distributed resources:

[0004] First, the uncertainty of high-proportion distributed photovoltaic power generation will lead to difficulties in local consumption, and the county power grid will experience power reverse transmission and reverse overload, which will seriously affect the safe operation of the distribution network;

[0005] Second, currently, the photovoltaic power stations connected to the medium-voltage power grid have only achieved monitoring. After large-scale photovoltaic development, the access capacity and number of 10 kV and 380 V will increase significantly, and it is necessary to solve the problem of controllability under observable and measurable conditions. At the same time, the current single grid-connected operation mode with a high proportion of distributed power generation has brought great impacts and safety risks to the power quality of the power grid.

[0006] Third, the existing regulation theory relies on precise models of distributed resources, which makes it difficult to apply in practice. It is urgent to tackle key technologies to improve the safe operation and dispatching control capabilities of county-level distribution networks with a high proportion of clean energy, and to overcome the problems of system balance regulation and safe and stable control brought about by the large-scale access of high-proportion clean energy to county-level power grids.

[0007] In the relevant technologies, on the user side, user-side research and technology are constantly innovating, and technologies such as distributed generation, microgrids, electric vehicles and demand-side response are rapidly innovating. The wide application and continuous integration of these technologies can effectively integrate and optimize the needs on the user side, so that the user-side load can match the fluctuation of new energy power generation as much as possible, and improve the consumption of new energy power generation. At present, smart energy management is being promoted, and the construction of demand-side response capabilities such as electric vehicles, smart home appliances, household energy storage, and interruptible loads is being strengthened. In the case that the adjustable resources on the power supply side are rapidly increasing due to the frequent fluctuations in the power of the new power system, it is particularly important to tap the user-side resources to participate in the power system dispatch. The proportion of electricity consumption of temperature-controlled loads continues to rise, and temperature-controlled loads show some significant characteristics when participating in demand-side response control. Once these loads are installed, their positions are usually fixed, which means that they can be stably connected to the power system for a long time. Secondly, due to this characteristic of temperature-controlled loads, they can participate in the power regulation of county power grids around the clock, providing continuous stability support for them.

[0008] However, most of the current control models for controllable loads ignore the communication delays that exist in actual control, which makes the model too idealized and has a certain impact on actual control. At the same time, the loads in county power grids are strongly affected by seasonal fluctuations and user behavior. Therefore, when controlling county loads, it is urgent to consider the relationship between coordinating user comfort, communication delays, and power balance. Summary of the invention

[0009] To this end, the present invention provides a county-level temperature control load stratification precise control method and device taking into account the time lag characteristics, so as to reduce the influence of the inevitable information transmission delay in the county-level power grid control on the power balance of the power grid and improve the effectiveness of the strategy.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for accurate control of temperature control loads in a county by stratification considering time lag characteristics, comprising:

[0011] Construct a hierarchical load control architecture according to the levels of terminal load, edge load aggregator, and cloud control center, wherein the hierarchical load control architecture includes a scheduling instruction layer, a collaborative control layer, and a load control layer; determine the existence of a communication delay link according to the hierarchical load control architecture;

[0012] The dynamic temperature change characteristics of the load control layer are simulated by an equivalent thermodynamic model, and the controllable boundary of the load control layer is limited by the upper and lower limits of the allowable temperature set by the user; the equivalent thermodynamic model is simplified to establish a temperature-controlled load cluster model, and a transfer matrix is ​​introduced to describe the evolution of the power system state over time; the total power of the temperature-controlled load cluster is dynamically adjusted by controlling the operating state of the load control layer to achieve real-time balance between power generation and power consumption in the power system;

[0013] A temperature-controlled load power control strategy is constructed in combination with the link where communication delay exists. In the temperature-controlled load power control strategy, when the power system detects that the power is lower than the preset value, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned off to reduce the total power consumption; when the power supply of the power system is in excess, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned on to increase power consumption.

[0014] As a preferred solution for the county-level temperature control load stratification precise control method considering the time lag characteristics, the links for judging the existence of communication delay according to the stratified load control architecture include: information interaction between superiors and subordinates and load aggregators, and the optimization power allocation calculation process of the control center.

[0015] As a preferred solution for the stratified precise control method of county-level temperature control loads considering time lag characteristics, the equivalent thermodynamic model equation of the single temperature control load is:

[0016]

[0017] Where, T a and T m is the air temperature and material temperature of the environment where the current temperature control load is located; T o is the outdoor temperature; C a and C m are the air heat capacity and material heat capacity of the current environment respectively; R a and R m are the air thermal resistance and material thermal resistance of the current environment respectively; Q is the operating heat ratio of the temperature control load.

[0018] As a preferred solution for the stratified precise control method of county-level temperature control loads considering time lag characteristics, the introduction of heat exchange in the equivalent thermodynamic model of the single temperature control load is affected by the operating heat ratio of the power system:

[0019]

[0020] In the formula, Q op is the rated heat ratio of the temperature control load; P rateis the rated power of the temperature control load; η is the efficiency of the temperature control load; s is the current state of the temperature control load, which depends on the indoor temperature, that is:

[0021]

[0022] Where, T set is the temperature setting value of the temperature control load; δ is the temperature variation range allowed by the user.

[0023] As a preferred solution for the county-level temperature control load stratification precise control method considering the time lag characteristics, the controllable boundary of the load control layer is defined by the upper and lower limits of the allowable temperature set by the user:

[0024] When the temperature rises to the upper limit set by the user, the temperature control load is turned off to lower the temperature and the power consumption is 0; when the temperature drops to the lower limit set by the user, the temperature control load is restarted, starts to consume power, and the indoor temperature rises.

[0025] As the optimal scheme for the stratified precise control method of county-level temperature control loads considering the time lag characteristics, the formula for simplifying the equivalent thermodynamic model to establish the temperature control load cluster model is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] q(t)=[q on (1,1,t),q on (1,2,t),...,q on (n a , n m ,t)q off (1,1,t),q off (1,2,t),...,q off (n a , n m , t)] T

[0028] =[q on ,q off ] T

[0029] In the formula, at T a With T m In the two-dimensional space composed of The average is n a temperature range, The average is n m interval; q is dimensional state vector, state vector q on (i, j, t), q off (i, j, t) represents the temperature T in the cluster at any given time t, whether it is in the open or closed state.a ∈(a i , a i+1 ) and T m ∈(m j , m j+1 ) contains the percentage of load; all devices are divided into two groups according to their status: open group q on and the closed set q off ;

[0030] Introducing the transfer matrix Describe the evolution of the power system state over time.

[0031] As a preferred solution for the county-level temperature control load layered precise control method considering the time lag characteristics, the total power of the temperature control load cluster is dynamically adjusted by controlling the operating state of the load control layer to achieve real-time balance between power generation and power consumption in the power system. The current state of the temperature control load cluster is used to calculate the power consumption and power reduction of the temperature control load cluster, and the ability of the temperature control load cluster to participate in the system response is evaluated;

[0032] The formula for calculating the power consumption and power reduction of the temperature control load cluster using the current state of the temperature control load cluster is:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] In the formula, It is the controllable power output of the temperature-controlled load cluster; is the controllable power input of the temperature control load cluster; per on With per off The percentage of the number of temperature control loads in the open state and the closed state; n HP is the number of temperature control load clusters.

[0037] As a preferred solution for the stratified precise control method of county-level temperature control loads considering time lag characteristics, in the temperature control load power control strategy, the participation of the temperature control load cluster is divided into an adaptive stage and a system scheduling stage; in the adaptive stage, the temperature control load cluster is based on the system power deviation coefficient K HP Automatically adjust state variables; the change in state vector caused by system power deviation is:

[0038] q △ =K HP △P

[0039] In the formula, Indicates the control of opening the cluster. Represents control over shutting down a cluster.

[0040] As a preferred solution for the stratified precise control method of temperature control loads in the county considering the time lag characteristics, it also includes: collecting the operating status of the temperature control load cluster to evaluate the cluster power control response capability; according to the collected cluster equipment operating status, the power system dispatching center calculates the percentage of conversion equipment based on the control strategy to achieve power control, and the control matrix is ​​recorded as B(α), α is the percentage of equipment that needs to be converted, and the amount of equipment α that needs to be converted is calculated in two cases:

[0041] when hour:

[0042]

[0043] when hour:

[0044]

[0045] In the formula, It is the power response signal uploaded by the system to the power control center. For the control matrix, a sequential switching strategy based on the user's temperature status is adopted. When the temperature-controlled load needs to be turned on, it is turned on in the order from low to high in the temperature range; when the temperature-controlled load needs to be turned off, it is turned off in the order from high to low in the temperature range.

[0046] The present invention also provides a device for accurately regulating and controlling temperature control loads in a county area by taking into account the time lag characteristics, and adopts the method for accurately regulating and controlling temperature control loads in a county area by taking into account the time lag characteristics, comprising:

[0047] A hierarchical load control architecture partitioning module is used to construct a hierarchical load control architecture according to the levels of terminal load, edge load aggregator, and cloud control center, wherein the hierarchical load control architecture includes a dispatching instruction layer, a collaborative control layer, and a load control layer;

[0048] A communication delay link analysis module, used to determine the existence of a communication delay link according to the hierarchical load control architecture;

[0049] The temperature-controlled load cluster model processing module is used to simulate the dynamic temperature change characteristics of the load control layer through an equivalent thermodynamic model, and the controllable boundary of the load control layer is limited by the upper and lower limits of the allowable temperature set by the user; the equivalent thermodynamic model is simplified to establish a temperature-controlled load cluster model, and a transfer matrix is ​​introduced to describe the evolution of the power system state over time; the total power of the temperature-controlled load cluster is dynamically adjusted by controlling the operating state of the load control layer to achieve real-time balance between power generation and power consumption in the power system;

[0050] The temperature-controlled load power control strategy analysis module is used to construct a temperature-controlled load power control strategy in combination with the link where communication delay exists. In the temperature-controlled load power control strategy, when the power system detects that the power is lower than the preset value, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned off to reduce the total power consumption; when the power supply of the power system is in excess, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned on to increase power consumption.

[0051] The present invention has the following advantages: a hierarchical load control architecture is constructed according to the levels of terminal load, edge load aggregator and cloud control center, and the hierarchical load control architecture includes a dispatch instruction layer, a collaborative control layer and a load control layer; the existence of a communication delay link is determined according to the hierarchical load control architecture; the dynamic temperature change characteristics of the load control layer are simulated by an equivalent thermodynamic model, and the controllable boundary of the load control layer is limited by the upper and lower limits of the allowable temperature set by the user; the equivalent thermodynamic model is simplified to establish a temperature-controlled load cluster model, and a transfer matrix is ​​introduced to describe the evolution of the power system state over time; the total power of the temperature-controlled load cluster is dynamically adjusted by controlling the operating state of the load control layer to achieve real-time balance between power generation and power consumption in the power system; a temperature-controlled load power control strategy is constructed in combination with the link where the communication delay exists, in which when the power system detects that the power is lower than a preset value, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned off to reduce the total power consumption; when the power supply of the power system is in excess, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned on to increase the power consumption. When using temperature-controlled loads to balance power in county power grids, the present invention determines the switching order based on the current temperature state of the user equipment to avoid frequent disconnection of some user equipment. Compared with the power balance control method in which only traditional units are adapted to the fluctuation of wind power output, the present invention uses temperature-controlled load equipment and traditional units to collaboratively participate in load control, which effectively improves the level of renewable energy consumption while also reducing the fluctuation amplitude of traditional generator sets, reducing the standby capacity cost of traditional generator sets, and improving the economic benefits of the power grid. The present invention takes into account the communication delay in information transmission, and can improve the effectiveness of the strategy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0053] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for accurate regulation of temperature control loads in a county by stratification considering time lag characteristics provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 A typical architecture of the power information-physical system in the county-level temperature control load stratification and precise control method considering the time lag characteristics provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 The temperature control load control architecture in the county-level temperature control load stratification precise control method considering the time lag characteristics provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 It is a diagram of the electric-thermal coupling relationship of a single temperature control load in the county temperature control load stratification precise control method considering the time lag characteristics provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 The temperature control load in the county-level temperature control load hierarchical precise control method considering the time lag characteristics provided in the embodiment of the present invention participates in the hierarchical architecture of power balance control of the power system;

[0058] Figure 6 A traditional generator set power control model provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 The temperature-controlled load cluster load power control model provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of temperature change when a dimensional temperature control load is turned on provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a temperature change of a two-dimensional temperature-controlled load shutdown provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Fig.10 The temperature control load cluster provided in the embodiment of the present invention participates in the power balance control process of the power grid;

[0063] Fig.11 A simplified power system model schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of system power variation with a delay of 0.4s in power balancing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of power variation of a conventional unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a user's indoor state change without delay provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a county-level temperature control load stratification precise control device taking into account the time lag characteristics provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by specific embodiments. People familiar with the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] With the emergence of problems such as acid rain and global warming, people's future development has been greatly challenged, and renewable energy technologies have been continuously deployed in the fields of electricity, transportation, and heating. Photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation in my country are also developing rapidly, but the absorption of high proportions of renewable energy power generation has become an urgent problem to be solved. The county has a vast geographical space, accounting for more than 90% of the country's land area, and is the basic unit for the implementation of energy transformation. At the same time, with the implementation of relevant notices and policies issued by the National Energy Administration, the absorption capacity of the county power grid has been further improved. Therefore, mobilizing user-side loads for the county power grid has become a feasible path to promote the high-quality development of new energy. In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a hierarchical precise control method and device for temperature control loads in counties considering time lag characteristics, establishes a hierarchical load control architecture in which temperature control loads participate in system control response, and clarifies the links where communication delays exist; simulates the dynamic temperature change characteristics of single temperature control loads based on an equivalent thermodynamic model, and simplifies the cluster model to establish a temperature control load cluster model considering that large-scale temperature control loads increase the dimension of the cluster model and lead to complex problems in solving; designs the switching state sequence of temperature control loads under the premise of considering user comfort, proposes a temperature control load power control strategy, avoids frequent disconnection of user equipment, and improves the stability and efficiency of the system; takes communication delay into account in the strategy, verifies through typical examples that the proposed method can effectively balance the power of the power grid while ensuring user comfort, and explains the impact of communication delays. The following is the specific content of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] See also Figure 1 In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, a method for accurate control of temperature control loads in a county by stratification considering time lag characteristics is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0072] S1. Construct a hierarchical load control architecture according to the levels of terminal load, edge load aggregator, and cloud control center, wherein the hierarchical load control architecture includes a scheduling instruction layer, a collaborative control layer, and a load control layer; determine the existence of a communication delay link according to the hierarchical load control architecture;

[0073] S2. The dynamic temperature change characteristics of the load control layer are simulated by an equivalent thermodynamic model, and the controllable boundary of the load control layer is limited by the upper and lower limits of the allowable temperature set by the user; the equivalent thermodynamic model is simplified to establish a temperature-controlled load cluster model, and a transfer matrix is ​​introduced to describe the evolution of the power system state over time; the total power of the temperature-controlled load cluster is dynamically adjusted by controlling the operating state of the load control layer to achieve real-time balance between power generation and power consumption in the power system;

[0074] S3. Construct a temperature-controlled load power control strategy in combination with the link where communication delay exists. In the temperature-controlled load power control strategy, when the power system detects that the power is lower than the preset value, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned off to reduce the total power consumption; when the power supply of the power system is in excess, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned on to increase the power consumption.

[0075] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 , which is a temperature control load control architecture established based on the power information-physical system. The power information-physical system is the product of the integration and innovation of the power system and the information-physical system. Its uniqueness lies in the integration of cutting-edge technologies such as precise measurement, reliable communication, intelligent sensing and automatic control, and the successful seamless integration of the physical power grid and the information network to form an integrated power system with efficient collaboration and intelligent decision-making. In the power information-physical system, the physical system plays a vital role. It can measure the data of various equipment in the power system in real time, including voltage, power and temperature. These originally analog and continuous physical information collected is converted into digital and discrete information data through advanced collection and processing technology. These converted data not only provide high-precision, fine-grained and multi-dimensional data support for the power system, but also ensure the reliability and stability of the system operation. At the same time, the information system plays the role of a bridge and link in the power information-physical system. It efficiently transmits the information data processed by the physical system through the communication network and delivers key instructions to the dispatching center in a timely manner. According to these instructions, the dispatching center analyzes, calculates and controls the uploaded physical equipment related information in real time to ensure that they operate according to the predetermined requirements. Based on this deep integration of physics and information, the power system can carry out more flexible and precise demand-side service operations to meet ever-changing market demands.

[0076] Therefore, in step S1, a hierarchical load control architecture is constructed according to the levels of terminal load, edge load aggregator, and cloud control center, where the load aggregator (LA) aggregates user loads to form a load aggregate that can participate in power system dispatching, and then LA controls the load to achieve the regulation target. The hierarchical load control architecture is ultimately divided into three levels: the top layer includes the dispatch center, which is the dispatch instruction layer; the middle layer includes the load aggregator and its communication topology, which is the collaborative control layer; the bottom layer includes the relevant equipment for monitoring and controlling the load, which is the load control layer.

[0077] Among them, when the power system is performing power balance, the dispatching command layer, i.e., the cloud control center, makes unified decisions on the power grid output and dispatchable loads to achieve the purpose of transferring and reducing the power load during the peak load period; the collaborative control layer is connected to the power grid dispatch and issues load resources. The LA integrates the demand responses of users of various load levels and provides the information to the power grid company, while accepting the power shortage to be borne by the demand response resource group issued by the upper dispatching command layer. Therefore, when the hierarchical load performs tasks, the communication delay mainly exists in the information exchange between the upper and lower levels and the load aggregators and the optimization power allocation calculation process of the control center.

[0078] Among them, load control is an important link in the power system, which is used to maintain daily system safety and stability and keep power fluctuations within a reasonable range. In new power systems, this control mechanism usually relies on an open communication network to transmit sampled measurement data and control signals. However, when using communication networks to establish control loops, a series of challenges and problems are faced. These challenges include but are not limited to communication delays, data packet loss, and network attacks. It takes time for the network to transmit data, and this process may be affected by many factors, such as network congestion, transmission distance, network equipment, etc., resulting in delays in the transmission of data packets.

[0079] In the process of demand-side load dispatching of new power systems, excessive communication delay will have adverse effects on the safety and reliability of system control, such as: excessive communication delay may cause a large amount of fine-grained measurement data to be discarded, which greatly reduces the timeliness of measurement data and greatly affects the accuracy of real-time control; when the supply and demand balance exceeds the normal range, the demand response cannot participate in the grid control in time, resulting in a large drop in the power deviation. When the supply and demand return to the normal range, the previously reduced load cannot be accurately restored due to the existence of delay, and the adjustment time increases; the smart charging services of electric vehicle services involve people-related services. If the delay is too high, it will affect the user's charging safety, and then affect the charging and swapping services to change the user's travel plan, causing unnecessary economic losses; when the communication delay is taken into account in the algorithm, it will face problems such as increased iterations and non-convergence of the algorithm. Therefore, in step S1, the existence of communication delay is clarified according to the hierarchical load control architecture.

[0080] In this embodiment, the temperature control load converts electrical energy into thermal energy through a compressor during operation to meet the indoor temperature requirements. Specifically, when the temperature control load is turned on, the temperature control load consumes electrical energy for heating, causing the indoor temperature to rise; when the temperature control load is turned off, the temperature control load power is 0, and heating is stopped, causing the indoor temperature to drop. Therefore, in step S2, the equivalent thermodynamic parameter (ETP) model shown in formula (1) is used to describe the dynamic thermodynamic process of the temperature control load. The thermal energy generated by the conversion of electrical energy is provided by a temperature control load device coupled to the ETP model. The ETP model equation of a single temperature control load is shown as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Where, T a and T m is the air temperature and material temperature of the environment where the current temperature control load is located; T o is the outdoor temperature; C a and C m are the air heat capacity and material heat capacity of the current environment respectively; R a and R m are the air thermal resistance and material thermal resistance of the current environment respectively; Q is the operating heat ratio of the temperature control load.

[0083] Formula (1) constructs a thermoelectric coupling model of the temperature control load, which not only considers the heat exchange between the temperature control load and the environment, but also considers how the heat exchange is affected by the operating heat ratio of the power system. That is, the heat exchange introduced into the equivalent thermodynamic model of the single temperature control load is affected by the operating heat ratio of the power system:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, Q op is the rated heat ratio of the temperature control load; P rate is the rated power of the temperature control load; η is the efficiency of the temperature control load; s is the current state of the temperature control load, which depends on the indoor temperature, that is:

[0086]

[0087] Where, T set is the temperature setting value of the temperature control load; δ is the temperature variation range allowed by the user.

[0088] See also Figure 4In step S2, the controllable boundary of the temperature control load is defined by the upper and lower limits of the allowable temperature set by the user. As the control temperature of the temperature control load, when the temperature rises to the upper limit set by the user, the temperature control load is turned off to reduce the temperature and the power consumption is 0; on the contrary, when the temperature drops to the lower limit set by the user, the temperature control load restarts and starts to consume power, and the indoor temperature rises. According to the above process, by continuously switching the power state, this automatic switching mechanism ensures that the indoor temperature can be maintained within the comfort range expected by the user, so it can participate in the response under the premise of ensuring the user's comfort. The comfortable temperature range of the temperature control load is set according to the personalized needs of the user. Due to the different perception and preference of each person for temperature, the operable temperature range of each single temperature control load is also different. This personalized controllable domain limitation ensures that the temperature control load can flexibly adjust its working state in the process of participating in the power system response, while always maintaining it within the comfortable temperature range expected by the user. In short, the controllable domain of the temperature control load ensures that it will not affect the user's comfort experience while participating in the power grid control.

[0089] Since the load in the power system fluctuates at any time, the output of the generator set will also change with the fluctuation. When there is an imbalance between power generation and load, the system will produce fluctuations ΔP. Figure 5 , two types of control are defined: traditional generator set control and temperature-controlled load control.

[0090] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the power control of traditional generator sets does not require additional central control instructions, and it will automatically adjust its output power according to the power deviation of the power grid. The traditional generator set control mainly includes the speed governor, turbine, inertia and damping link of the equivalent generator, ΔY, ΔP t , ΔP m are the valve opening increment of the generator set, the thermal power output increment, and the mechanical power increment of the turbine; R eq is the droop coefficient of the unit control link, which is determined by the droop coefficients of all units in the system; T G is the time constant of the governor prime mover; T t is the time constant of the mechanical execution link of the speed regulator; T1 and T2 are the time constants of the leading and lagging links in the control loop respectively; D is the damping constant of the system; H eq is the inertia constant of the system.

[0091] In this embodiment, the temperature control load of a single unit can be dynamically changed in the power control process according to the comfort range set by the user. HPWhen a cluster of temperature control loads is constructed, in order to establish a suitable model to simulate its operation and response characteristics, it is usually necessary to consider the state and parameters of each temperature control load, which makes the dimension of the temperature control load cluster model reach However, when the number of temperature control loads in the cluster becomes very large, such a high-dimensional model is not only complex but also difficult to manage effectively. In order to simplify this situation, the embodiment of the present invention assumes that all temperature control loads have the same operating parameters, and establishes a temperature control load cluster model on this basis, and its state equation is:

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] In the formula, at T a With T m In the two-dimensional space composed of The average is n a temperature range, The average is n m interval; q is dimensional state vector, state vector q on (i, j, t), q off (i, j, t) represents the temperature T in the cluster at any given time t, whether it is in the open or closed state. a ∈(a i , a i+1 ) and T m ∈(m j , m j+1 ) percentage of the load contained in the device. In order to facilitate management and analysis, the embodiment of the present invention divides all devices into two sets according to their status: open set q on and the closed set q off In this way, we do not need to track the specific status of each device in the cluster, but only need to care about their overall behavior in different temperature ranges; in addition, the embodiment of the present invention introduces the transfer matrix This matrix is ​​used to describe the evolution of the system state over time. Since the state vectors are grouped based on temperature intervals, the dimension of the cluster model depends only on the number of temperature intervals selected during modeling, that is, This dimensionality is much smaller than that required to directly track the state of each device This significantly reduces the model complexity.

[0095] In this embodiment, step S2, by controlling the operating state of the temperature-controlled load, the total power of the temperature-controlled load cluster can be dynamically adjusted. The adjustment can achieve a real-time balance between the power generation and power consumption in the power system to ensure the stable operation of the power grid. By using the current state of the temperature-controlled load cluster, the power consumption and the reduction in power consumption of the temperature-controlled load cluster can be calculated, thereby evaluating the ability of the temperature-controlled load cluster to participate in the system response, which can be defined by the following formula:

[0096]

[0097] In the formula, It is the controllable power output of the temperature-controlled load cluster; is the controllable power input of the temperature control load cluster; per on With per off The percentage of the number of temperature control loads in the open state and the closed state; n HP is the number of temperature control load clusters.

[0098] See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , reveals the state change process of the temperature control load, where the state variable q on (i, j, t) When in the on state, the temperature gradually increases, such as Figure 8 As shown by the red dashed line; similarly, the state variable transfer is recorded as q on (i+1, j1, t+Δt) and q on (i+1, j2, t+Δt), such as Figure 8 In the closed state, the temperature gradually decreases, as shown by the solid red line. Fig. 9 As shown by the blue dashed line in the middle; correspondingly, the state variable transfer is recorded as q off (i-1, j-1, t+Δt) and q off (i-1, j, t+Δt), such as Fig. 9 The blue solid line shows the physical meaning of the elements in the state matrix Γ, which is to indicate the rate of transfer from the current temperature interval to another temperature interval. The temperature control load clusters with the same parameters have the same temperature change characteristics. By giving the initial temperature value, the cluster temperature change trajectory can be obtained using equations (1)-(3), and the interval transfer rate can be obtained using the time of transfer between state variables. For example, given the initial value (a j , m j ), in the open state, record t i，i+1 To transfer to T a =a i+1 、m j1 ≤T m ≤m j2 The time required, q on (i, j, t), qon (i+1, j1, t+Δt) and q on (i+1, j2, t+Δt) are the k1th, k2th and k3th state variables in the state vector, so:

[0099]

[0100] In the formula, Γ i，j It represents the element of the i-th row and j-th column of the state matrix Γ, which is physically expressed as the rate of transfer from the j-th interval to the i-th interval.

[0101] In this embodiment, in step S2, during the operation of the temperature control load, when the temperature reaches or exceeds the set boundary, the switch state of the temperature control load needs to be adjusted accordingly to ensure the efficient operation and safety of the system. In the present invention, when the temperature of the temperature control load in a certain temperature range reaches or exceeds the upper limit, these devices need to be completely turned off, and their states are converted from the original on state set to the closed state set of the corresponding temperature range; on the contrary, when the temperature drops below the set lower limit, those temperature control loads that were originally in the closed state need to be completely turned on, and their states are converted from the original closed state set to the open state set of the corresponding temperature range. This state conversion can not only effectively participate in the system power control, but also meet the user's comfort requirements, such as:

[0102]

[0103] Where k4 and k5 represent the positions of the state variables with the same temperature (higher than) in the on and off states respectively. The state matrix can be calculated using equations (9)-(13), thereby obtaining a low-dimensional model that represents the temperature change of the temperature-controlled load cluster.

[0104] In this embodiment, in step S3, in order to achieve load power control of the temperature-controlled load, the present invention adopts the following strategy: when the power system detects that the power is low, that is, the power supply is insufficient, it will take measures to shut down some temperature-controlled loads in the cluster to reduce the total power consumption, thereby helping the system to restore stable power; when the system power is high, that is, the power supply is in excess, some temperature-controlled loads in the cluster will be turned on to increase power consumption. These temperature-controlled loads are adjustable loads, and their turning on can increase the load on the power grid and help consume excess electrical energy, thereby reducing the system power deviation to a normal range. At the same time, in the power regulation process, the participation of the temperature-controlled load cluster can be divided into two main stages: an adaptive stage and a system scheduling stage. In the adaptive stage, the temperature-controlled load cluster will adjust the power according to the system power deviation coefficient K HPAutomatically adjust its state variables. This process is a direct response of the temperature control load to the power deviation, without the need for direct instructions from the system power control center. That is, the device automatically adjusts its output according to the change in system power. The change in state vector caused by the system power deviation is:

[0105] q Δ =K HP △P (14)

[0106] In the formula, Indicates the control of opening the cluster, and It indicates the control of the shutdown cluster. It can be seen from formula (14) that when the system power consumption is high, the power generation is insufficient to meet the power demand, and some of the devices in the cluster that are in the shutdown state are converted to the open state; when the system power is low, the power exceeds the actual power demand, and some of the devices in the open cluster are converted to the closed state.

[0107] See also Fig.10 In a possible embodiment, the implementation process of the temperature-controlled load participating in the system control is described: the operating status of the temperature-controlled load cluster is collected to evaluate the cluster power control response capability; according to the collected cluster equipment operating status, the power system dispatching center calculates the percentage of equipment that needs to be converted based on the control strategy, thereby realizing power control.

[0108] The control matrix is ​​recorded as B(α), where α is the percentage of devices that need to switch states. The amount of devices α that need to switch states is calculated in two cases:

[0109] when hour:

[0110]

[0111] when hour:

[0112]

[0113] In the formula, It is the power response signal uploaded by the system to the power control center; for the control matrix, a sequential switching strategy based on the user's temperature state is adopted. When the temperature control load needs to be turned on, it is turned on in the order from low to high in the temperature range; when the temperature control load needs to be turned off, it is turned off in the order from high to low in the temperature range. Therefore, the specific values ​​of the elements in B(α) can be determined according to the above order. After the control is implemented, the state of the temperature control load cluster model is:

[0114] q(t+△t)=q(t)+B(α) (17)

[0115] Where q(t+△t) is the state vector of the temperature control load cluster at time t+Δt; q(t) is the state vector of the temperature control load cluster at time t.

[0116] The example analysis process of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0117] Based on meeting market access conditions and responding to scheduling periods, this paper analyzes the effect of temperature control load clusters participating in system power control and discusses the impact of communication delay on the control effect. Fig.11 shown.

[0118] Table 1 Parameters of traditional generator sets

[0119]

[0120] Table 2 Temperature control load cluster parameters

[0121]

[0122] Take the introduction of 0.4s communication delay in the power control link as an example. Fig.12 As shown, before the temperature-controlled load cluster participates in the control (300s ago), the traditional generator set and the temperature-controlled load cluster can make a good adjustment with the power shortage caused by the fluctuation of wind power generation, so that the system power shortage is basically maintained at around 0, but there is a deviation. When the temperature-controlled load begins to participate in the system scheduling, the power control strategy proposed in the present invention mainly considers the power shortage, but due to the existence of 0.4 seconds of communication delay, the output power controlled by the temperature-controlled load power control center is difficult to balance the power shortage of the power system in real time, resulting in an increase in the power shortage, which in turn causes greater fluctuations in the system power, and has a negative effect on the power stability of the power system.

[0123] See also Fig.13 , is the power change diagram of the traditional generator set when only the traditional generator set participates in the power balance and temperature control of the power system and the load cluster and the traditional generator set cooperate to participate in the power control of the power system. Fig.13 The results show that by utilizing the temperature-controlled load cluster as a user-side resource to participate in power system control, the power fluctuation amplitude of traditional generator sets when participating in power system control can be effectively reduced, which has positive significance for the increase in system control costs caused by the increase in the standby capacity of traditional generator sets.

[0124] See also Fig.14, is the change of user equipment status when the temperature control load cluster participates in the power system control without delay. When the temperature control load cluster does not participate in the system control, the temperature control load status is only affected by the power deviation coefficient and dynamically changes with the system power fluctuation. When the temperature control load participates in the system control response, the power shortage of the power system is greater than 0 around 300s, and some temperature control load devices need to be turned on. It can be seen that the temperature control load cluster gives priority to turning on the equipment that is in the closed state and the lowest indoor temperature when switching the equipment status. At the same time, this part of the equipment is correspondingly converted to the interval where the equipment with the same temperature is in the open state, and the equipment with a lower temperature is not affected. Similarly, when the power shortage of the power system is less than 0, some temperature control load devices need to be turned off. The temperature control load cluster gives priority to turning off the equipment that is in the open state and the highest indoor temperature when switching the equipment status. At the same time, this part of the equipment is correspondingly converted to the interval where the equipment with the same temperature is in the open state, and the equipment with a higher temperature is not affected.

[0125] It can be seen that the present invention uses the temperature control load as a user-side resource to participate in the power system control, which can give full play to the system power control potential of the temperature control load cluster, suppress the power fluctuation of the traditional generator set of the power system, and has a positive effect; determining the order of turning on or off the equipment when the temperature control load cluster participates in the power system control according to the user's current indoor temperature can effectively avoid the problem of frequent disconnection of user equipment; considering that the communication delay will have a greater impact on the system power change, when the communication delay reaches a certain value (0.4s), the temperature control load cluster participating in the power system control will play a negative role. Therefore, tapping the user-side resources to provide auxiliary services for the power system has broad prospects and huge potential. When using temperature-controlled loads to balance power in county power grids, the present invention determines the switching order based on the current temperature state of the user equipment to avoid frequent disconnection of some user equipment. Compared with the power balance control method in which only traditional units are adapted to the fluctuation of wind power output, the present invention uses temperature-controlled load equipment and traditional units to collaboratively participate in load control, which effectively improves the level of renewable energy consumption while also reducing the fluctuation amplitude of traditional generator sets, reducing the standby capacity cost of traditional generator sets, and improving the economic benefits of the power grid. The present invention takes into account the communication delay in information transmission, and can improve the effectiveness of the strategy.

[0126] It should be noted that the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be performed by a single device, such as a computer or a server. The method of the present embodiment can also be applied in a distributed scenario and completed by multiple devices cooperating with each other. In the case of such a distributed scenario, one of the multiple devices can only perform one or more steps in the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the multiple devices will interact with each other to complete the described method.

[0127] It should be noted that the above describes some embodiments of the present disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0128] Example 2

[0129] See also Fig.15 Embodiment 2 of the present invention further provides a device for accurately regulating and controlling temperature control loads in a county area by taking into account the time lag characteristics, and adopts the method for accurately regulating and controlling temperature control loads in a county area by taking into account the time lag characteristics of embodiment 1, including:

[0130] A hierarchical load control architecture partitioning module 100 is used to construct a hierarchical load control architecture according to the levels of terminal load, edge load aggregator, and cloud control center, wherein the hierarchical load control architecture includes a dispatching instruction layer, a collaborative control layer, and a load control layer;

[0131] A communication delay link analysis module 200, for determining a communication delay link according to the hierarchical load control architecture;

[0132] The temperature-controlled load cluster model processing module 300 is used to simulate the dynamic temperature change characteristics of the load control layer through an equivalent thermodynamic model, and the controllable boundary of the load control layer is limited by the upper and lower limits of the allowable temperature set by the user; the equivalent thermodynamic model is simplified to establish a temperature-controlled load cluster model, and a transfer matrix is ​​introduced to describe the evolution of the power system state over time; the total power of the temperature-controlled load cluster is dynamically adjusted by controlling the operating state of the load control layer to achieve real-time balance between power generation and power consumption in the power system;

[0133] The temperature-controlled load power control strategy analysis module 400 is used to construct a temperature-controlled load power control strategy in combination with the link where communication delay exists. In the temperature-controlled load power control strategy, when the power system detects that the power is lower than the preset value, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned off to reduce the total power consumption; when the power supply of the power system is in excess, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned on to increase power consumption.

[0134] It should be noted that the information interaction, execution process and other contents between the modules of the above-mentioned device are based on the same concept as the method embodiment in Example 1 of the present application, and the technical effects they bring are the same as those of the method embodiment of the present application. For specific contents, please refer to the description in the method embodiment shown in the previous part of the present application, and will not be repeated here.

[0135] Example 3

[0136] Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, in which a program code for a method for precise regulation of temperature-controlled loads in a county-level region taking into account time-lag characteristics is stored. The program code includes instructions for executing the method for precise regulation of temperature-controlled loads in a county-level region taking into account time-lag characteristics of embodiment 1 or any possible implementation thereof.

[0137] The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that includes one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state drive (SSD)).

[0138] Example 4

[0139] Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: a memory and a processor;

[0140] The processor and the memory communicate with each other via a bus; the memory stores program instructions that can be executed by the processor, and the processor calls the program instructions to execute the county-level temperature control load stratification and precise control method considering the time lag characteristics of Example 1 or any possible implementation method thereof.

[0141] Specifically, the processor can be implemented by hardware or by software. When implemented by hardware, the processor can be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc.; when implemented by software, the processor can be a general-purpose processor implemented by reading software codes stored in a memory. The memory can be integrated in the processor or can be located outside the processor and exist independently.

[0142] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present invention is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website site, computer, server or data center.

[0143] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general computing device, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices, and optionally, they can be implemented by a program code executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0144] Although the present invention has been described in detail above by general description and specific embodiments, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made to the present invention. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A stratified and precise control method for temperature control loads in counties considering time lag characteristics, characterized in that: include: Construct a hierarchical load control architecture according to the levels of terminal load, edge load aggregator, and cloud control center, wherein the hierarchical load control architecture includes a scheduling instruction layer, a collaborative control layer, and a load control layer; determine the existence of a communication delay link according to the hierarchical load control architecture; The dynamic temperature change characteristics of the load control layer are simulated by an equivalent thermodynamic model, and the controllable boundary of the load control layer is defined by the upper limit and the lower limit of the allowable temperature set by the user; The equivalent thermodynamic model is simplified to establish a temperature-controlled load cluster model, and a transfer matrix is ​​introduced to describe the evolution of the power system state over time; the total power of the temperature-controlled load cluster is dynamically adjusted by controlling the operating state of the load control layer to achieve real-time balance between power generation and power consumption in the power system; A temperature-controlled load power control strategy is constructed in combination with the link where communication delay exists. In the temperature-controlled load power control strategy, when the power system detects that the power is lower than the preset value, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned off to reduce the total power consumption; when the power supply of the power system is in excess, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned on to increase power consumption.

2. The method for accurate control of temperature control loads in counties by stratification considering time lag characteristics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The links for determining the existence of communication delay according to the hierarchical load control architecture include: information interaction between superiors and subordinates and load aggregators, and the optimization power allocation calculation process of the control center.

3. The method for accurate control of temperature control loads in counties by stratification considering time lag characteristics according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the process of simulating the dynamic temperature change characteristics of the load control layer by using an equivalent thermodynamic model, the equivalent thermodynamic model equation of the single temperature control load is: Where, T a and T m is the air temperature and material temperature of the environment where the current temperature control load is located; T o is the outdoor temperature; C a and C m are the air heat capacity and material heat capacity of the current environment respectively; R a and R m are the air thermal resistance and material thermal resistance of the current environment respectively; Q is the operating heat ratio of the temperature control load.

4. The method for accurate control of temperature control loads in counties by stratification considering time lag characteristics according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The introduction of heat exchange in the equivalent thermodynamic model of the single temperature control load is affected by the operating heat ratio of the power system: In the formula, Q op is the rated heat ratio of the temperature control load; P rate is the rated power of the temperature control load; η is the efficiency of the temperature control load; s is the current state of the temperature control load, which depends on the indoor temperature, that is: Where, T set is the temperature setting value of the temperature control load; δ is the temperature variation range allowed by the user.

5. The method for accurate control of temperature control loads in counties by stratification considering time lag characteristics according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The controllable boundary of the load control layer is defined by the upper and lower limits of the allowable temperature set by the user: When the temperature rises to the upper limit set by the user, the temperature control load is turned off to lower the temperature and the power consumption is 0; when the temperature drops to the lower limit set by the user, the temperature control load is restarted, starts to consume power, and the indoor temperature rises.

6. The method for accurate control of temperature control loads in counties by stratification considering time lag characteristics according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The formula for establishing the temperature control load cluster model by simplifying the equivalent thermodynamic model is: q(t)=[q on (1,1,t),q on (1,2,t),...,q on (n a ,n m ,t)q off (1,1,t),q off (1,2,t),...,q off (n a ,n m ,t)] T =[q on ,q off ] T In the formula, at T a With T m In the two-dimensional space composed of The average is n a temperature range, The average is n m interval; q is dimensional state vector, state vector q on (i, j, t), q off (i, j, t) represents the temperature T in the cluster at any given time t, whether it is in the open or closed state. a ∈(a i , a i+1 ) and T m ∈(m j , m j+1 ) contains the percentage of load; all devices are divided into two groups according to their status: open group q on and the closed set q off ; Introducing the transfer matrix Describe the evolution of the power system state over time.

7. The method for accurate control of temperature control loads in counties by stratification considering time lag characteristics according to claim 6 is characterized in that: By controlling the operating state of the load control layer, the total power of the temperature-controlled load cluster is dynamically adjusted to achieve real-time balance between power generation and power consumption in the power system. The current state of the temperature-controlled load cluster is used to calculate the power consumption and power reduction of the temperature-controlled load cluster, and the ability of the temperature-controlled load cluster to participate in system response is evaluated; The formula for calculating the power consumption and power reduction of the temperature control load cluster using the current state of the temperature control load cluster is: In the formula, It is the controllable power output of the temperature-controlled load cluster; is the controllable power input of the temperature control load cluster; per on With per off The percentage of the number of temperature control loads in the open state and the closed state; n HP is the number of temperature control load clusters.

8. The method for accurate control of temperature control loads in counties by stratification considering time lag characteristics according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In the temperature control load power control strategy, the participation of the temperature control load cluster is divided into an adaptive stage and a system scheduling stage. In the adaptive stage, the temperature control load cluster is based on the system power deviation coefficient K HP Automatically adjust state variables; the change in state vector caused by system power deviation is: q Δ =K HP ΔP In the formula, Indicates the control of opening the cluster. Represents control over shutting down a cluster.

9. The method for accurate control of temperature control loads in counties by stratification considering time lag characteristics according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Also includes: Collect the operating status of the temperature-controlled load cluster to evaluate the cluster power control response capability; According to the collected cluster equipment operating status, the power system dispatching center calculates the percentage of converted equipment based on the control strategy to achieve power control. The control matrix is ​​recorded as B(α), where α is the percentage of equipment that needs to be converted. The amount of equipment α that needs to be converted is calculated in two cases: when hour: when hour: In the formula, It is the power response signal uploaded by the system to the power control center. For the control matrix, a sequential switching strategy based on the user's temperature status is adopted. When the temperature-controlled load needs to be turned on, it is turned on in the order from low to high in the temperature range; when the temperature-controlled load needs to be turned off, it is turned off in the order from high to low in the temperature range.

10. A device for accurately regulating and controlling temperature control loads in a county area by stratification considering time lag characteristics, adopting a method for accurately regulating and controlling temperature control loads in a county area by stratification considering time lag characteristics as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: A hierarchical load control architecture partitioning module is used to construct a hierarchical load control architecture according to the levels of terminal load, edge load aggregator, and cloud control center, wherein the hierarchical load control architecture includes a dispatching instruction layer, a collaborative control layer, and a load control layer; A communication delay link analysis module, used to determine the existence of a communication delay link according to the hierarchical load control architecture; A temperature control load cluster model processing module, used to simulate the dynamic temperature change characteristics of the load control layer through an equivalent thermodynamic model, wherein the controllable boundary of the load control layer is defined by the upper and lower limits of the allowable temperature set by the user; The equivalent thermodynamic model is simplified to establish a temperature-controlled load cluster model, and a transfer matrix is ​​introduced to describe the evolution of the power system state over time; the total power of the temperature-controlled load cluster is dynamically adjusted by controlling the operating state of the load control layer to achieve real-time balance between power generation and power consumption in the power system; The temperature-controlled load power control strategy analysis module is used to construct a temperature-controlled load power control strategy in combination with the link where communication delay exists. In the temperature-controlled load power control strategy, when the power system detects that the power is lower than the preset value, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned off to reduce the total power consumption; when the power supply of the power system is in excess, the specified temperature-controlled load in the temperature-controlled load cluster is turned on to increase power consumption.

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