Discharge Circuit and Electronic Device

Abstract

The present application discloses a discharge circuit and electronic device, the discharge circuit comprising: an energy storage module, a first discharge module, a second discharge module, and a control module; wherein the second discharge module comprises: a voltage conversion unit, a control unit, and a discharge unit, wherein a first side of the voltage conversion unit is connected to the energy storage module; the control unit is connected to the first side of the voltage conversion unit; and the discharge unit is connected to the second side of the voltage conversion unit; wherein the control module controls the switch module to conduct in response to a first discharge signal, forming a first discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module, and the control module sends a second discharge signal to the discharge unit to connect the discharge unit to the second side of the voltage conversion unit, forming a second discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module. The second discharge module provides an additional discharge path, which can effectively improve discharge efficiency, reduce the number of resistors required in the first discharge module, thereby effectively reducing the risk of heat generation and increasing the flexibility of the discharge circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electronic circuits, and in particular to discharge circuits and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] Passive discharge refers to the process in which, when the power supply is disconnected or stopped on the motor controller of a new energy vehicle, the bus capacitor gradually releases the stored energy through resistance or other paths in the circuit until the voltage on the capacitor drops to zero or near zero, as the previously stored energy cannot disappear immediately.

[0003] A commonly used passive discharge method is to connect multiple discharge resistors in parallel across the capacitor to provide a low-impedance discharge path. Since the discharge rate depends on the capacitance of the capacitor and the total resistance value discharged in the circuit, the number of resistors used will be increased in order to increase the total resistance value. However, this method increases the risk of heat generation. When the power handling capacity of the discharge resistor is insufficient or the heat dissipation conditions are poor, it will cause damage to the components. Secondly, it limits the discharge time. If rapid discharge is required, a lower resistance resistor needs to be used, which will increase energy loss and heat generation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a discharge circuit and an electronic device, which can improve the discharge efficiency and effectively reduce the number of discharge resistors used.

[0005] A technical solution adopted in the present application is: providing a discharge circuit, which includes: an energy storage module, coupled to the positive end of the bus; a first discharge module, the first discharge module is connected in parallel to the two ends of the energy storage module through a switch module; the first discharge module includes a plurality of parallel resistors; a second discharge module, the second discharge module is coupled to the energy storage module; a control module, the control module is coupled to the switch module and the second discharge module; wherein the second discharge module includes: a voltage conversion unit, the first side of the voltage conversion unit is coupled to the energy storage module; a control unit, the control unit is coupled to the first side of the voltage conversion unit; and a discharge unit, the discharge unit is coupled to the second side of the voltage conversion unit; wherein the control module controls the switch module to conduct in response to a first discharge signal to form a first discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module, and the control module sends a second discharge signal to the discharge unit to connect the discharge unit to the second side of the voltage conversion unit to form a second discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module.

[0006] In one embodiment, the discharge unit includes: a discharge component, wherein a first end of the discharge component is connected to the second side of the voltage conversion unit, and a second end of the discharge component is connected to a first reference ground; a first switch, wherein a first end of the first switch is connected to the first end of the discharge component, a second end of the first switch is connected to the first reference ground, and a control end of the first switch is connected to a control module; a second switch, wherein a first end of the second switch is connected to the control end of the discharge component, a second end of the second switch is connected to the first reference ground, and a control end of the second switch is connected to the first end of the first switch; and a third switch, wherein a first end of the third switch is connected to the control end of the discharge component, a second end of the third switch is connected to the first end of the first switch, and a control end of the third switch is connected to the second end of the discharge component; wherein the control module is configured to send a second discharge signal to the first switch to connect the discharge component to the second side of the voltage conversion unit, thereby forming a second discharge loop and discharging the energy storage module.

[0007] In one embodiment, the discharge component includes: a first resistor, a first end of the first resistor is connected to the second side of the voltage conversion unit and the first end of the first switch; a fourth switch, a first end of the fourth switch is connected to the second end of the first resistor, and a second end of the fourth switch is connected to the first reference ground; and a control end of the fourth switch is connected to the first end of the second switch and the first end of the third switch.

[0008] In one embodiment, the discharge unit further includes: a first voltage-stabilizing diode, wherein the cathode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to the first end of the fourth switch, and the anode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to the control end of the fourth switch; a second resistor, wherein the first end of the second resistor is connected to the cathode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode, and the second end of the second resistor is connected to the anode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode; a third resistor, wherein the first end of the third resistor is connected to the second side of the voltage conversion unit, and the second end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the first switch; a fourth resistor, wherein the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the control end of the fourth switch, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the second switch; a first capacitor, wherein the first end of the first capacitor is connected to the control end of the first switch, and the second end of the first capacitor is connected to the second end of the first switch; and a second capacitor, wherein the first end of the second capacitor is connected to the control end of the second switch, and the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the second end of the second switch.

[0009] In one embodiment, the voltage conversion unit includes: a transformer, a first end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the energy storage module, and a second end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the control unit; a first diode, an anode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the secondary winding of the transformer; a third capacitor, a first end of the third capacitor is connected to the anode of the first diode; a fifth resistor, a first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the second end of the third capacitor, and the second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the cathode of the first diode; a fourth capacitor, a first end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and the second end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the first reference ground; a fifth capacitor, a first end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor, and the second end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the first reference ground.

[0010] In one embodiment, the voltage conversion unit also includes: an inductor, wherein the first end of the inductor is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and the second end of the inductor is connected to the load; a sixth capacitor, wherein the first end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the first end of the inductor, and the second end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the first reference ground; a seventh capacitor, wherein the first end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the second end of the inductor, and the second end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the first reference ground; a second voltage-stabilizing diode, wherein the cathode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to the second end of the inductor, and the anode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to the first reference ground; a sixth resistor, wherein the first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the cathode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode, and the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the first reference ground; and an eighth capacitor, wherein the first end of the eighth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode, and the second end of the eighth capacitor is connected to the first reference ground.

[0011] In one embodiment, the control unit includes: a fifth switch, wherein a first end of the fifth switch is connected to the first side of the voltage conversion unit, and a second end of the fifth switch is connected to the second reference ground; a driver chip, wherein a power supply end and a voltage detection end of the driver chip are connected to the positive end of the battery, a driver end of the driver chip is connected to a control end of the fifth switch, the control end of the driver chip is connected to the first discharge module, and a current detection end of the driver chip is connected to the second end of the fifth switch; wherein, when the voltage at the control end of the driver chip is greater than a preset threshold, the driver end of the driver chip outputs a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control signal to the control end of the fifth switch.

[0012] In one embodiment, the control unit further includes: a second diode, an anode of the second diode being connected to the positive terminal of the battery; a seventh resistor, a first end of the seventh resistor being connected to the anode of the second diode, and a second end of the seventh resistor being connected to the power supply terminal of the driver chip; a ninth capacitor, a first end of the ninth capacitor being connected to the power supply terminal of the driver chip, and a second end of the ninth capacitor being connected to the second reference ground; a third diode, an anode of the third diode being connected to the first discharge module, and a cathode of the third diode being connected to the control terminal of the driver chip; a first voltage divider unit, a first end of the first voltage divider unit being connected to the anode of the second diode, a second end of the first voltage divider unit being connected to the second reference ground, and a voltage dividing node of the first voltage divider unit being connected to the voltage detection terminal of the driver chip; a second voltage divider unit, a first end of the second voltage divider unit being connected to the driving terminal of the driver chip, a second end of the second voltage divider unit being connected to the second end of the fifth switch, and a voltage dividing node of the second voltage divider unit being connected to the control terminal of the fifth switch; and a third voltage divider unit, a first end of the third voltage divider unit being connected to the current detection terminal of the driver chip, a second end of the third voltage divider unit being connected to the second reference ground, and a voltage dividing node of the third voltage divider unit being connected to the second end of the fifth switch.

[0013] In one embodiment, the discharge circuit further includes: a third voltage-stabilizing diode, wherein the anode of the third voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to the energy storage module; a fourth voltage-stabilizing diode, wherein the anode of the fourth voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to the cathode of the third voltage-stabilizing diode; a fourth diode, wherein the cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the cathode of the fourth voltage-stabilizing diode; an eighth resistor, wherein the first end of the eighth resistor is connected to the anode of the fourth diode, and the second end of the eighth resistor is connected to the second discharge module; a ninth resistor, wherein the first end of the ninth resistor is connected to the anode of the fourth diode, and the second end of the ninth resistor is connected to the second discharge module; and a fifth diode, wherein the anode of the fifth diode is connected to the positive end of the busbar, and the cathode of the fifth diode is connected to the energy storage module.

[0014] The present application also provides an electronic device, which includes the discharge circuit as described above.

[0015] A technical solution adopted in the present application is: providing a discharge circuit, which includes: an energy storage module, connected to the positive end of the bus; a first discharge module, the first discharge module is connected in parallel to the two ends of the energy storage module through a switch module; the first discharge module includes a plurality of parallel resistors; a second discharge module, the second discharge module is connected to the energy storage module; a control module, the control module is connected to the switch module and the second discharge module; wherein the second discharge module includes: a voltage conversion unit, the first side of the voltage conversion unit is connected to the energy storage module; a control unit, the control unit is connected to the first side of the voltage conversion unit; and a discharge unit, the discharge unit is connected to the second side of the voltage conversion unit; wherein the control module controls the switch module to conduct in response to a first discharge signal to form a first discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module, and the control module sends a second discharge signal to the discharge unit to connect the discharge unit to the second side of the voltage conversion unit to form a second discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module. In the above manner, on the basis of the first discharge module discharging the energy storage module, a second discharge module is added to provide another discharge path, which can effectively improve the discharge efficiency. On the basis of providing the second discharge module, the number of resistors required in the first discharge module can be appropriately reduced, thereby effectively reducing the heat generation risk caused by resistor discharge. This not only reduces the cost of using resistors, but also saves space in the first discharge module. The two discharge paths also increase the flexibility of the discharge circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive efforts. Among them:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a discharge circuit provided by the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a second embodiment of a discharge circuit provided by the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a third embodiment of a discharge circuit provided by the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of a discharge circuit provided by the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of a discharge circuit provided by the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 is a structural diagram of a sixth embodiment of a discharge circuit provided by the present application;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device provided by this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, rather than to limit the present application. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only some, rather than all, structures related to the present application are shown in the drawings. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] The terms "first," "second," and the like in this application are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0026] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0027] See Figure 1 , Figure 11 is a structural diagram of a first embodiment of a discharge circuit provided in the present application. The discharge circuit 100 includes: an energy storage module 10 , a first discharge module 20 , a second discharge module 30 and a control module 40 .

[0028] In which, the energy storage module 10 is coupled to the positive terminal HV+ of the bus; the first discharge module 20 is connected in parallel to both ends of the energy storage module 10 through the switch module 50; the first discharge module 20 includes a plurality of parallel resistors; the second discharge module 30 is coupled to the energy storage module 10; and the control module 40 is coupled to the switch module 50 and the second discharge module 30.

[0029] The second discharge module 30 includes: a voltage conversion unit 31, a control unit 32 and a discharge unit 33. The first side of the voltage conversion unit 31 is coupled to the energy storage module 10; the control unit 32 is coupled to the first side of the voltage conversion unit 31; and the discharge unit 33 is coupled to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31.

[0030] In which, the control module 40 controls the switch module 50 to be turned on in response to the first discharge signal, forming a first discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module 10, and the control module 40 sends a second discharge signal to the discharge unit 33 to connect the discharge unit 33 to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31, forming a second discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module 10.

[0031] Exemplarily, the energy storage module 10 includes an energy storage capacitor. When the energy storage capacitor is charged, it stores a certain amount of charge and releases the charge to provide electrical energy when needed. However, in some cases, when the energy storage capacitor is no longer needed, or the system loses external power or control signal, for example, when the system loses 12V voltage power supply, for safety reasons, the stored charge needs to be released.

[0032] For example, the first discharge module 20 is connected in parallel at both ends of the energy storage module 10 through the switch module 50. The first discharge module 20 includes a plurality of resistors connected in parallel, such as Figure 2As shown, these resistors provide a low-impedance discharge path for the energy storage module 10, allowing the charge in the energy storage module 10 to be gradually released into the surrounding environment through the resistors. The switch module 50 can be an electronic switch, such as a transistor or field-effect transistor, that connects or disconnects a circuit by controlling current or voltage. It can also be a relay that controls the on / off state of a circuit through electromagnetic force. For example, in electric vehicles or new energy vehicles, discharging the large-capacity capacitor (energy storage module 10) within the motor controller may require the use of an electronic switch (switch module 50) to conduct the discharge link for rapid and safe discharge. The total resistance of the discharge resistors is typically determined by the capacity of the energy storage module 10 and the required discharge time. However, having too many discharge resistors can lead to problems such as heat generation, increased cost, and space occupation. To reduce the number of discharge resistors, a second discharge circuit is provided to take on some of the discharge work during the discharge process, thereby reducing the number of resistors in the first discharge module 20.

[0033] In one application scenario, when the energy storage capacitor in energy storage module 10 is 650uF, to ensure that the bus voltage discharges from 750V to 60V in less than 120s, the total resistance R of the resistors in the first discharge module 20 is: R < t / (C * ln (750 / 60)) = 73kΩ, where t is the discharge time and C is the energy storage capacitor capacity. In this case, assuming the maximum power usage of the resistors is consistent, the number of resistors required in the first discharge module 20 is 197. If a second discharge module 30 is added to discharge the energy storage module 10, the total resistance of the resistors in the first discharge module 20 is 150k, and the number of resistors is 96, meeting the requirement of a bus voltage discharge from 750V to 60V in less than 120s. This reduces the number of resistors required in the first discharge module 20 while maintaining discharge efficiency.

[0034] Exemplarily, the control module 40 may be an MCU (Microcontroller Unit). When the discharge circuit 100 starts operating, the control module 40 controls the switch module 50 to conduct through a first discharge signal, thereby conducting a discharge loop from the energy storage module 10 to the first discharge module 20, and discharging the energy storage module 10 through a resistor. When the second discharge module 30 receives a second discharge signal from the control module 40, the discharge loop from the energy storage module 10 to the second discharge module 30 is conducted, and the energy storage module 10 is discharged through the discharge unit 33.

[0035] In this embodiment, on the basis of providing the second discharge module 30, the number of resistors required in the first discharge module 20 can be appropriately reduced, thereby effectively reducing the heat generation risk caused by resistor discharge. This not only reduces the cost of using resistors, but also saves space in the first discharge module 20, and also increases the flexibility of the discharge circuit 100 through two discharge paths.

[0036] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 1 is a structural diagram of a third embodiment of a discharge circuit provided in the present application. The discharge circuit 100 includes: an energy storage module 10 , a first discharge module 20 , a second discharge module 30 and a control module 40 .

[0037] In which, the energy storage module 10 is coupled to the positive terminal HV+ of the bus; the first discharge module 20 is connected in parallel to both ends of the energy storage module 10 through the switch module 50; the first discharge module 20 includes a plurality of parallel resistors; the second discharge module 30 is coupled to the energy storage module 10; and the control module 40 is coupled to the switch module 50 and the second discharge module 30.

[0038] The second discharge module 30 includes: a voltage conversion unit 31, a control unit 32 and a discharge unit 33. The first side of the voltage conversion unit 31 is coupled to the energy storage module 10; the control unit 32 is coupled to the first side of the voltage conversion unit 31; and the discharge unit 33 is coupled to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31.

[0039] In which, the control module 40 controls the switch module 50 to be turned on in response to the first discharge signal, forming a first discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module 10, and the control module 40 sends a second discharge signal to the discharge unit 33 to connect the discharge unit 33 to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31, forming a second discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module 10.

[0040] In some embodiments, the discharge unit 33 includes a discharge component 331 , a first switch Q1 , a second switch Q2 , and a third switch Q3 . A first end of the discharge component 331 is connected to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31, and a second end of the discharge component 331 is connected to the first reference ground GND1. A first end of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first end of the discharge component 331, a second end of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first reference ground GND1, and a control end of the first switch Q1 is connected to the control module 40. A second switch Q2 has a first end connected to the control end of the discharge component 331, a second end of the second switch Q2 is connected to the first reference ground GND1, and a control end of the second switch Q2 is connected to the first end of the first switch Q1. A third switch Q3 has a first end connected to the control end of the discharge component 331, a second end of the third switch Q3 is connected to the first end of the first switch Q1, and a control end of the third switch Q3 is connected to the second end of the discharge component 331. The control module 40 is configured to send a second discharge signal to the first switch Q1 to connect the discharge component 331 to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31, thereby forming a second discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module 10.

[0041] Illustratively, the first switch Q1, the second switch Q2, and the third switch Q3 may be transistors. Specifically, the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 may be NPN transistors, and the third switch Q3 may be PNP transistors. In other embodiments, the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 may be semiconductor devices such as PNP transistors and MOS transistors, and the third switch Q3 may be semiconductor devices such as NPN transistors and MOS transistors. These are not listed here one by one.

[0042] In some embodiments, the discharge component 331 includes: a first resistor R1 and a fourth switch Q4, wherein the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31 and the first end of the first switch Q1; the first end of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1, and the second end of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the first reference ground GND1; and the control end of the fourth switch Q4 is connected to the first end of the second switch Q2 and the first end of the third switch Q3.

[0043] For example, the first resistor R1 may include multiple parallel resistors for current diversion, such as Figure 3 The two first resistors R1 are shown as Figure 3 The fourth switch Q4 may be a MOS transistor, specifically a PMOS transistor, whose operating state is controlled by a gate (i.e., control terminal) voltage signal of the PMOS transistor. In other embodiments, the fourth switch Q4 may also be an NMOS transistor, a triode, or other semiconductor device, which are not listed here one by one.

[0044] Exemplarily, the control terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the control module 40. When the voltage output from the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31 is normal and the second discharge signal sent by the control module 40 is a high-level signal, the first switch Q1 is turned on, causing the second switch Q2 and the third switch Q3 to be turned off. At this time, the fourth switch Q4 is also turned off, and the discharge component 331 does not participate in the discharge. When the second discharge signal is a low-level signal, the first switch Q1 is turned off, the second switch Q2 and the third switch Q3 are turned on, and the fourth switch Q4 is turned on. The discharge component 331 is connected to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31, forming a second discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module 10. In one embodiment, the resistance of the first resistor R1 is set to a relatively low value. The voltage on the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31 passes through the first resistor R1 and the fourth switch Q4. Due to the low voltage drop of the fourth switch Q4 when it is turned on and the small resistance of the first resistor R1, the current in this circuit path is relatively large, resulting in relatively high power loss. The first resistor R1 and the fourth switch Q4 dissipate energy through heat generation, thereby achieving the purpose of discharging the energy storage module 10.

[0045] In some embodiments, the discharge unit 33 further includes: a first voltage regulator diode Z1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2. The cathode of the first voltage regulator diode Z1 is connected to the first end of the fourth switch Q4, and the anode of the first voltage regulator diode Z1 is connected to the control end of the fourth switch Q4; the first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the cathode of the first voltage regulator diode Z1, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the anode of the first voltage regulator diode Z1; the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the first switch Q1; the first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the control end of the fourth switch Q4, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first end of the second switch Q2; the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the control end of the first switch Q1, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the first switch Q1; the first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the control end of the second switch Q2, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second end of the second switch Q2.

[0046] Illustratively, the first voltage regulator tube Z1 is connected in parallel with the second resistor R2. The first resistor R1 shunts the current, thereby reducing the load current of the first voltage regulator tube Z1 and improving the stability and accuracy of the first voltage regulator tube Z1. The third resistor R3 is connected in series with the collector (first end) of the first switch Q1, and the fourth resistor R4 is connected in series with the collector of the second switch Q2. These can limit the current flowing through the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2, preventing excessive current from damaging the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2. The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are used to isolate DC signals and improve frequency characteristics.

[0047] See Figure 4 , Figure 4 1 is a structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of a discharge circuit provided in the present application. The discharge circuit 100 includes: an energy storage module 10 , a first discharge module 20 , a second discharge module 30 and a control module 40 .

[0048] In which, the energy storage module 10 is coupled to the positive terminal HV+ of the bus; the first discharge module 20 is connected in parallel to both ends of the energy storage module 10 through the switch module 50; the first discharge module 20 includes a plurality of parallel resistors; the second discharge module 30 is coupled to the energy storage module 10; and the control module 40 is coupled to the switch module 50 and the second discharge module 30.

[0049] The second discharge module 30 includes: a voltage conversion unit 31, a control unit 32 and a discharge unit 33. The first side of the voltage conversion unit 31 is coupled to the energy storage module 10; the control unit 32 is coupled to the first side of the voltage conversion unit 31; and the discharge unit 33 is coupled to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31.

[0050] In which, the control module 40 controls the switch module 50 to be turned on in response to the first discharge signal, forming a first discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module 10, and the control module 40 sends a second discharge signal to the discharge unit 33 to connect the discharge unit 33 to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31, forming a second discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module 10.

[0051] In some embodiments, the voltage conversion unit 31 includes: a transformer T, a first diode D1, a third capacitor C3, a fifth resistor R5, a fourth capacitor C4, and a fifth capacitor C5. The first end of the primary winding of the transformer T is connected to the energy storage module 10, and the second end of the primary winding of the transformer T is connected to the control unit 32; the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first end of the secondary winding of the transformer T; the first end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1; the first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the second end of the third capacitor C3, and the second end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1; the first end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1, and the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the first reference ground GND1; the first end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor R5, and the second end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the first reference ground GND1.

[0052] For example, the first diode D1 may include a plurality of diodes connected in parallel for rectification, such as Figure 4 The two first diodes D1 are shown ( Figure 4 The fourth capacitor C4 is used to smooth the DC power rectified by the first diode D1, while the third capacitor C3 and the fifth resistor R5 form an RC filter circuit; the fifth capacitor C5 is used to provide filtering or serve as a decoupling capacitor.

[0053] In some embodiments, the voltage conversion unit 31 further includes: an inductor L, a sixth capacitor C6, a seventh capacitor C7, a second voltage regulator diode Z2, a sixth resistor R6, and an eighth capacitor C8. The first end of the inductor L is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1; the first end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the first end of the inductor L, and the second end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the first reference ground GND1; the first end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to the second end of the inductor L, and the second end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to the first reference ground GND1; the cathode of the second voltage regulator diode Z2 is connected to the second end of the inductor L, and the anode of the second voltage regulator diode Z2 is connected to the first reference ground GND1; the first end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the cathode of the second voltage regulator diode Z2, and the second end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the first reference ground GND1; the first end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the cathode of the second voltage regulator diode Z2, and the second end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the first reference ground GND1.

[0054] Exemplarily, the inductor L is used for energy storage and filtering, and it forms an LC filter circuit with the sixth capacitor C6 and the seventh capacitor C7 to further smooth the DC power; the second voltage regulator Z2 is used to provide a stable output voltage V1. When the voltage input to the primary winding of the transformer T changes, the second voltage regulator Z2 will adjust its own conduction state to maintain the stability of the output voltage V1; the sixth resistor R6 is used for current limiting and voltage division. The number of the sixth resistor R6 can be adjusted according to circuit requirements, such as Figure 4 Two sixth resistors R6 are shown ( Figure 4 The eighth capacitor C8 is connected in parallel at both ends of the second voltage regulator Z2 to smooth the output voltage of the second voltage regulator Z2 and reduce voltage fluctuations. The number of the eighth capacitor C8 can be adjusted according to circuit requirements, such as Figure 4 The figure shows two eighth capacitors C8 ( Figure 4 The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a parallel connection of C8-1 and C8-2; a resistor (e.g. Figure 4 R10 as shown) for current limiting protection.

[0055] In this embodiment, the voltage conversion unit 31 is used to perform operations such as rectifying and voltage boosting / lowering on the voltage of the energy storage module 10. The adjusted voltage is stabilized by the second voltage regulator Z2 and then output. The voltage conversion unit 31 can be regarded as a power supply. The output end of the power supply (i.e., the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31) is connected to the discharge unit 33. When the control module 40 outputs the second discharge signal, the discharge unit 33 is connected to the voltage conversion unit 31, thereby forming a second discharge circuit to discharge the energy storage module 10.

[0056] See Figure 5 , Figure 5 1 is a structural diagram of the fifth embodiment of the discharge circuit provided in the present application. The discharge circuit 100 includes: an energy storage module 10, a first discharge module 20, a second discharge module 30 and a control module 40.

[0057] In which, the energy storage module 10 is coupled to the positive terminal HV+ of the bus; the first discharge module 20 is connected in parallel to both ends of the energy storage module 10 through the switch module 50; the first discharge module 20 includes a plurality of parallel resistors; the second discharge module 30 is coupled to the energy storage module 10; and the control module 40 is coupled to the switch module 50 and the second discharge module 30.

[0058] The second discharge module 30 includes: a voltage conversion unit 31, a control unit 32 and a discharge unit 33. The first side of the voltage conversion unit 31 is coupled to the energy storage module 10; the control unit 32 is coupled to the first side of the voltage conversion unit 31; and the discharge unit 33 is coupled to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31.

[0059] In which, the control module 40 controls the switch module 50 to be turned on in response to the first discharge signal, forming a first discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module 10, and the control module 40 sends a second discharge signal to the discharge unit 33 to connect the discharge unit 33 to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31, forming a second discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module 10.

[0060] In some embodiments, the control unit 32 includes: a fifth switch Q5 and a driver chip U, wherein a first end of the fifth switch Q5 is connected to the first side of the voltage conversion unit 31, and a second end of the fifth switch Q5 is connected to the second reference ground GND2; a power supply terminal VDD and a voltage detection terminal VS of the driver chip U are connected to the positive terminal VAUX of the battery, a driver terminal DRV of the driver chip U is connected to the control terminal of the fifth switch Q5, a control terminal HV of the driver chip U is connected to the first discharge module 20, and a current detection terminal CS of the driver chip U is connected to the second end of the fifth switch Q5; wherein, when the voltage HV_INPUT of the control terminal HV of the driver chip U is greater than a preset threshold, the driver terminal DRV of the driver chip U outputs a PWM control signal to the control terminal of the fifth switch Q5.

[0061] Exemplarily, the fifth switch Q5 may be a MOS transistor, specifically an NMOS transistor. In other embodiments, the fifth switch Q5 may also be a semiconductor device such as a PMOS transistor or a triode, which are not listed here one by one.

[0062] Exemplarily, the driver chip U may be a flyback power supply chip, and the compensation terminal CBC of the driver chip U is connected to the second reference ground GND2 via an eighteenth resistor R18, providing a stable reference voltage for the driver chip U. The control terminal HV of the driver chip U is connected to the first discharge module 20. When the voltage HV_INPUT at the control terminal HV is greater than a preset threshold, the driver chip U is activated, causing the fifth switch Q5 to conduct, the voltage loop of the primary side of the transformer T to conduct, and the output voltage of the secondary side of the transformer T, i.e., the normal output voltage V1 of the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31, to be transmitted to the discharge unit 33. During the process of the first and second discharge modules 20 and 30 discharging the energy storage module 10, the voltage HV_INPUT at the control terminal HV of the driver chip U gradually decreases until it is less than the preset startup threshold of the driver chip U. The driver chip U then stops operating, the fifth switch Q5 is turned off, and the secondary side of the transformer T stops outputting voltage, thereby causing the second discharge module 30 to stop operating, and only the first discharge module 20 discharges the energy storage module 10.

[0063] In some embodiments, the control unit 32 further includes: a second diode D2, a seventh resistor R7, a ninth capacitor C9, a third diode D3, a first voltage divider unit 321, a second voltage divider unit 322, and a third voltage divider unit 323. The anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the positive terminal VAUX of the battery; the first end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, and the second end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD of the driver chip U; the first end of the ninth capacitor C9 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD of the driver chip U, and the second end of the ninth capacitor C9 is connected to the second reference ground GND2; the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the first discharge module 20, and the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the control terminal HV of the driver chip U; the first end of the first voltage divider unit 321 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, and the second end of the first voltage divider unit 321 is connected to the power supply terminal VDD of the driver chip U; The first voltage dividing unit 321 is connected to the second reference ground GND2, and the voltage dividing node of the first voltage dividing unit 321 is connected to the voltage detection terminal VS of the driver chip U; the first end of the second voltage dividing unit 322 is connected to the driver terminal DRV of the driver chip U, the second end of the second voltage dividing unit 322 is connected to the second end of the fifth switch Q5, and the voltage dividing node of the second voltage dividing unit 322 is connected to the control end of the fifth switch Q5; the first end of the third voltage dividing unit 323 is connected to the current detection terminal CS of the driver chip U, the second end of the third voltage dividing unit 323 is connected to the second reference ground GND2, and the voltage dividing node of the third voltage dividing unit 323 is connected to the second end of the fifth switch Q5.

[0064] Exemplarily, the second diode D2 and the third diode D3 are used to provide reverse voltage protection, the seventh resistor R7 is used for current limiting and voltage division protection, and the ninth capacitor C9 is used for decoupling and filtering. The ninth capacitor C9 may include multiple capacitors connected in parallel, such as Figure 5 The following shows three ninth capacitors C9 ( Figure 5 an embodiment in which C9-1, C9-2 and C9-3 are connected in parallel; the first voltage dividing unit 321, the second voltage dividing unit 322 and the third voltage dividing unit 323 are used for current limiting and voltage dividing, the second voltage dividing unit 322 limits the driving current to protect the fifth switch Q5, and the third voltage dividing unit 323 is used to convert the current into a voltage signal to realize current detection.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first voltage divider 321 includes an eleventh resistor R11 and a twelfth resistor R12. The first end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2. The first end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the second end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the voltage detection terminal VS of the driver chip U, and the second end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the second reference ground GND2. The second voltage divider 322 includes a thirteenth resistor R13 with a first end connected to the driver terminal DRV of the driver chip U. The first end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the second end of the thirteenth resistor R13 and the control terminal of the fifth switch Q5, and the second end of the fourteenth resistor R14 is connected to the second end of the fifth switch Q5. The third voltage divider 323 includes a fifteenth resistor R15 and a sixteenth resistor R16. The first end of the fifteenth resistor R15 is connected to the current detection terminal CS of the driver chip U, the first end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected to the second end of the fifteenth resistor R15 and the second end of the fifth switch Q5, and the second end of the sixteenth resistor R16 is connected to the second reference ground GND2. The number of resistors in the first voltage dividing unit 321 , the second voltage dividing unit 322 and the third voltage dividing unit 323 can be adjusted according to circuit requirements, which will not be described in detail here.

[0066] See Figure 6 , Figure 6 1 is a structural diagram of a sixth embodiment of a discharge circuit provided in the present application. The discharge circuit 100 includes: an energy storage module 10 , a first discharge module 20 , a second discharge module 30 and a control module 40 .

[0067] In which, the energy storage module 10 is coupled to the positive terminal HV+ of the bus; the first discharge module 20 is connected in parallel to both ends of the energy storage module 10 through the switch module 50; the first discharge module 20 includes a plurality of parallel resistors; the second discharge module 30 is coupled to the energy storage module 10; and the control module 40 is coupled to the switch module 50 and the second discharge module 30.

[0068] The second discharge module 30 includes: a voltage conversion unit 31, a control unit 32 and a discharge unit 33. The first side of the voltage conversion unit 31 is coupled to the energy storage module 10; the control unit 32 is coupled to the first side of the voltage conversion unit 31; and the discharge unit 33 is coupled to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31.

[0069] In which, the control module 40 controls the switch module 50 to be turned on in response to the first discharge signal, forming a first discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module 10, and the control module 40 sends a second discharge signal to the discharge unit 33 to connect the discharge unit 33 to the second side of the voltage conversion unit 31, forming a second discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module 10.

[0070] Figure 6 The discharge circuit 100 shown is Figure 2 、 Figure 3、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 The main difference of the discharge circuit 100 shown in FIG1 is that the description of the components added to the discharge circuit 100 is added, such as the third voltage regulator Z3. Therefore, the following mainly describes the components added to the discharge circuit 100. For other components in the discharge circuit 100, please refer to FIG1. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 The relevant description of the embodiment shown, e.g. Figure 6 The control unit 32 in FIG. Figure 5 The description of the control unit 32 is omitted here.

[0071] In some embodiments, the discharge circuit 100 further includes: a third voltage-stabilizing diode Z3, a fourth voltage-stabilizing diode Z4, a fourth diode D4, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, and a fifth diode D5. The anode of the third voltage-stabilizing diode Z3 is connected to the energy storage module 10; the anode of the fourth voltage-stabilizing diode Z4 is connected to the cathode of the third voltage-stabilizing diode Z3; the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the cathode of the fourth voltage-stabilizing diode Z4; a first end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the anode of the fourth diode D4, and a second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the second discharge module 30; a first end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the anode of the fourth diode D4, and a second end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the second discharge module 30; an anode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the positive terminal HV+ of the busbar, and a cathode of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the energy storage module 10.

[0072] Illustratively, the third voltage regulator tube Z3 and the fourth voltage regulator tube Z4 are connected in series to stabilize the output voltage of the energy storage module 10 , and the eighth resistor R8 and the ninth resistor R9 are used for current limiting and voltage division to protect the fifth switch Q5 .

[0073] In some embodiments, the energy storage module 10 may include multiple resistors connected in series, for example Figure 6 R19, R20, R21, R22, R23 and R24 are shown. They are used for current limiting and voltage dividing to prevent excessive current from damaging the circuit. When the power supply starts or the load changes, the resistors can limit the impact of instantaneous current and protect other components in the circuit.

[0074] See Figure 7 , Figure 7 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 1000 includes a discharge circuit 100. The discharge circuit 100 is the discharge circuit 100 described above and will not be described in detail here. The electronic device may be a new energy vehicle and will not be given as an example here.

[0075] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed methods and devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the modules or units is merely a logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may be used, such as combining or integrating multiple units or components into another system, or ignoring or not implementing certain features.

[0076] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of this embodiment.

[0077] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0078] The above description is only an implementation method of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the description and drawings of this application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A discharge circuit, characterized in that: The discharge circuit comprises: an energy storage module, wherein the energy storage module is coupled to the positive end of the busbar; a first discharging module, the first discharging module being connected in parallel at both ends of the energy storage module via a switch module; the first discharging module comprising a plurality of parallel resistors; a second discharging module, the second discharging module being coupled to the energy storage module; a control module coupled to the switch module and the second discharge module; Wherein, the second discharge module includes: a voltage conversion unit, a first side of the voltage conversion unit being coupled to the energy storage module; a control unit, the control unit being coupled to the first side of the voltage conversion unit; a discharge unit, the discharge unit being coupled to the second side of the voltage conversion unit; The control module controls the switch module to conduct in response to the first discharge signal to form a first discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module, and the control module sends a second discharge signal to the discharge unit to connect the discharge unit to the second side of the voltage conversion unit. Wherein, the control unit includes: a fifth switch, wherein a first end of the fifth switch is connected to the first side of the voltage conversion unit, and a second end of the fifth switch is connected to the second reference ground; a driver chip, wherein the power supply terminal and the voltage detection terminal of the driver chip are connected to the positive terminal of the battery, the driving terminal of the driver chip is connected to the control terminal of the fifth switch, the control terminal of the driver chip is connected to the first discharge module, and the current detection terminal of the driver chip is connected to the second terminal of the fifth switch; When the voltage at the control terminal of the driver chip is greater than a preset threshold, the driver terminal of the driver chip outputs a PWM control signal to the control terminal of the fifth switch, so that the fifth switch is turned on, forming a second discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module; The control unit further comprises: a second diode, wherein an anode of the second diode is connected to a positive terminal of the battery; a seventh resistor, wherein a first end of the seventh resistor is connected to the anode of the second diode, and a second end of the seventh resistor is connected to the power supply terminal of the driver chip; a ninth capacitor, wherein a first end of the ninth capacitor is connected to the power supply terminal of the driver chip, and a second end of the ninth capacitor is connected to the second reference ground; a third diode, wherein an anode of the third diode is connected to the first discharge module, and a cathode of the third diode is connected to the control terminal of the driver chip; a first voltage dividing unit, wherein a first end of the first voltage dividing unit is connected to the anode of the second diode, a second end of the first voltage dividing unit is connected to the second reference ground, and a voltage dividing node of the first voltage dividing unit is connected to the voltage detection terminal of the driver chip; a second voltage dividing unit, wherein a first end of the second voltage dividing unit is connected to the driving end of the driving chip, a second end of the second voltage dividing unit is connected to the second end of the fifth switch, and a voltage dividing node of the second voltage dividing unit is connected to the control end of the fifth switch; A third voltage dividing unit, wherein a first end of the third voltage dividing unit is connected to the current detection end of the driving chip, a second end of the third voltage dividing unit is connected to the second reference ground, and a voltage dividing node of the third voltage dividing unit is connected to the second end of the fifth switch.

2. The discharge circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge unit includes: a discharge component, wherein a first end of the discharge component is connected to the second side of the voltage conversion unit, and a second end of the discharge component is connected to a first reference ground; a first switch, wherein a first end of the first switch is connected to the first end of the discharge component, a second end of the first switch is connected to the first reference ground, and a control end of the first switch is connected to the control module; a second switch, wherein a first end of the second switch is connected to the control end of the discharge component, a second end of the second switch is connected to the first reference ground, and the control end of the second switch is connected to the first end of the first switch; a third switch, wherein a first end of the third switch is connected to the control end of the discharge component, a second end of the third switch is connected to the first end of the first switch, and a control end of the third switch is connected to the second end of the discharge component; The control module is configured to send the second discharge signal to the first switch, so that the discharge component is connected to the second side of the voltage conversion unit to form a second discharge loop to discharge the energy storage module.

3. The discharge circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The discharge assembly comprises: a first resistor, wherein a first end of the first resistor is connected to the second side of the voltage conversion unit and the first end of the first switch; a fourth switch, wherein a first end of the fourth switch is connected to the second end of the first resistor, a second end of the fourth switch is connected to the first reference ground, and a control end of the fourth switch is connected to the first end of the second switch and the first end of the third switch.

4. The discharge circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The discharge unit further includes: a first voltage-stabilizing diode, wherein a cathode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to a first end of the fourth switch, and an anode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to a control end of the fourth switch; a second resistor, wherein a first end of the second resistor is connected to the cathode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode, and a second end of the second resistor is connected to the anode of the first voltage-stabilizing diode; a third resistor, wherein a first end of the third resistor is connected to the second side of the voltage conversion unit, and a second end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the first switch; a fourth resistor, wherein a first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the control end of the fourth switch, and a second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first end of the second switch; a first capacitor, wherein a first end of the first capacitor is connected to the control end of the first switch, and a second end of the first capacitor is connected to the second end of the first switch; A second capacitor, wherein a first end of the second capacitor is connected to the control end of the second switch, and a second end of the second capacitor is connected to the second end of the second switch.

5. The discharge circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The voltage conversion unit includes: a transformer, wherein a first end of a primary winding of the transformer is connected to the energy storage module, and a second end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the control unit; a first diode, wherein an anode of the first diode is connected to a first end of the secondary winding of the transformer; a third capacitor, wherein a first end of the third capacitor is connected to the anode of the first diode; a fifth resistor, wherein a first end of the fifth resistor is connected to the second end of the third capacitor, and a second end of the fifth resistor is connected to the cathode of the first diode; a fourth capacitor, wherein a first end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and a second end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the first reference ground; a fifth capacitor, wherein a first end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the second end of the fifth resistor, and a second end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the first reference ground.

6. The discharge circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The voltage conversion unit further includes: an inductor, wherein a first end of the inductor is connected to the cathode of the first diode, and a second end of the inductor is connected to a load; a sixth capacitor, wherein a first end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the first end of the inductor, and a second end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the first reference ground; a seventh capacitor, wherein a first end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the second end of the inductor, and a second end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the first reference ground; a second voltage-stabilizing diode, wherein a cathode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to the second end of the inductor, and an anode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode is connected to the first reference ground; a sixth resistor, wherein a first end of the sixth resistor is connected to the cathode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode, and a second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the first reference ground; An eighth capacitor, wherein a first end of the eighth capacitor is connected to the cathode of the second voltage-stabilizing diode, and a second end of the eighth capacitor is connected to the first reference ground.

7. The discharge circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The discharge circuit further includes: a third voltage-stabilizing tube, wherein an anode of the third voltage-stabilizing tube is connected to the energy storage module; a fourth voltage-stabilizing tube, wherein the anode of the fourth voltage-stabilizing tube is connected to the cathode of the third voltage-stabilizing tube; a fourth diode, wherein a cathode of the fourth diode is connected to a cathode of the fourth voltage-stabilizing diode; an eighth resistor, wherein a first end of the eighth resistor is connected to the anode of the fourth diode, and a second end of the eighth resistor is connected to the second discharge module; a ninth resistor, wherein a first end of the ninth resistor is connected to the anode of the fourth diode, and a second end of the ninth resistor is connected to the second discharge module; a fifth diode, wherein an anode of the fifth diode is connected to the positive end of the busbar, and a cathode of the fifth diode is connected to the energy storage module.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises the discharge circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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