Multi-site phenology monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-site phenology monitoring system which comprises a main control module, a holder module, an image module and a sensor module. The main control module comprises a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) or a motion control card, an upper computer and an Internet of Things gateway, the upper computer communicates with the PLC or the motion control card through a cable and transmits data back to a background for storage through the Internet of Things gateway, and the image module, the holder module and the sensor module communicate with the upper computer through cables. The holder module is provided with a rotating pitching adjusting piece, and the PLC or the motion control card controls the adjusting angle of the rotating pitching adjusting piece through the upper computer. The image module is used for collecting image data of phenology monitoring and transmitting the image data to the upper computer. The sensor module comprises a plurality of plant physiology and environment index sensors and is used for collecting surrounding environment and plant physiology data and transmitting the data to the upper computer. By adopting the monitoring system and the arrangement, multi-angle monitoring can be carried out by utilizing one monitoring system, the monitoring system can communicate with other sensors and transmit information with the other sensors, and the camera can be maintained and updated on the premise of not changing the shooting angle so as to maintain long-time shooting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of phenological monitoring systems, and in particular relates to a multi-site phenological monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] Plant phenology monitoring refers to the recording of plant life cycle events (such as flowering, leaf fall, and germination) through a variety of means, including manual and automated observations. Since plant phenology is one of the most sensitive indicators of climate change, phenology monitoring is essential for understanding the response of plants to climate change and other environmental changes, as well as the impact of climate change on ecosystems, so as to predict changes in the distribution of species under climate change and help identify and protect vulnerable species affected by climate change. In recent years, many national parks and nature reserves have also begun to install phenological and ecological monitoring systems in order to better perceive and manage the impact of climate and environment on animals and plants within their jurisdiction, and to adjust protection strategies in a timely manner based on the data obtained. Therefore, phenological monitoring equipment has broad applications and market prospects now and in the near future.

[0003] Phenological monitoring has an extremely long time span and spatial scale, and its time span even exceeds the service life of some components in the system. It also has very high requirements for data continuity. Therefore, compared with other types of image data acquisition systems, phenological monitoring systems have higher requirements for long-term stable operation outdoors and for core components (such as the camera body) to be able to achieve seamless replacement while minimizing the impact on image continuity.

[0004] In addition, with the rise of nature education and nature documentaries, major national parks and nature reserves are also paying more and more attention to the transformation of their own biodiversity value and scientific communication. If the phenological monitoring system can meet the needs of scientific research and protected area management, and the image quality of its phenological images can also meet the needs of shooting time-lapse videos of landscape changes in the jurisdiction throughout the year, and be used for the production of documentaries and their own promotional videos, then such a monitoring system can be foreseen to be more popular with users, and it can also realize multiple applications of a single system.

[0005] It can be seen from this that the current phenological monitoring systems on the market usually have the following problems: ① The phenological monitoring camera operates independently and cannot be interconnected with other sensors to complete multi-dimensional monitoring; ② The installation cost is high, and each angle requires a phenological camera or even a monitoring system for monitoring; ③ The system stability is difficult to operate on an ultra-long time scale (several years to decades), and once a failure occurs, it is difficult to repair and update while ensuring that the shooting angle remains unchanged. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-site phenological monitoring system that can perform multi-angle monitoring using one monitoring system, and can communicate with other sensors and transmit information to each other. At the same time, the camera can be repaired and updated without changing the shooting angle to maintain long-term shooting.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A multi-site phenological monitoring system, comprising a main control module, a pan / tilt module, an imaging module and a sensor module;

[0009] The main control module includes a PLC programmable controller or motion control card, a host computer and an Internet of Things gateway. The host computer communicates with the PLC programmable controller or motion control card via cables, and transmits the image and sensor data back to the background for storage and analysis via the Internet of Things gateway. The image module, PTZ module and sensor module all communicate with the host computer via cables;

[0010] The pan / tilt module has a rotation and pitch adjustment member, the image module is arranged on the rotation and pitch adjustment member, and the PLC programmable controller or motion control card controls the adjustment angle of the rotation and pitch adjustment member by transmitting control information to the host computer;

[0011] The image module is used to collect image data for phenological monitoring and transmit the image data to the host computer via a cable;

[0012] The sensor module includes a plurality of plant physiological and environmental sensors, which are used to synchronously collect surrounding environment and plant physiological data when collecting image data, and transmit the image data to the host computer via cables.

[0013] The imaging module includes a base plate, a zoom movie lens, an adapter ring, a camera body, a lens bracket and a connecting frame; the base plate is arranged on the rotation and pitch adjustment member, the adapter ring is arranged on the lens of the camera body, the adapter ring is detachably connected to the zoom movie lens, the lens bracket and the connecting frame are both arranged on the base plate, the zoom movie lens is arranged on the lens bracket, and the adapter ring is detachably connected to the connecting frame.

[0014] The top surface of the connecting frame is provided with a wedge block and a clamping block on two opposite sides of the top surface of the connecting frame, and the wedge block is fixedly connected to the top surface of the connecting frame, and the clamping block is provided with a telescopic piece, and one end of the telescopic piece is fixedly connected to the side surface of the connecting frame, and the clamping block moves toward the wedge block through the telescopic piece, and the clamping block is provided with a wedge surface on the side surface of the wedge block facing the wedge block, and a clamping groove is formed between the wedge block and the wedge surface; the bottom of the adapter ring is provided with a base, and wedge grooves are provided on the opposite sides of the bottom of the base, and the bottom of the base is placed in the clamping groove, and the two wedge grooves of the base are respectively opposite to the wedge block and the wedge surface, and when the clamping block approaches the wedge block through the telescopic piece and clamps the base with the wedge block, the two wedge grooves of the base are respectively engaged and adapted with the wedge block and the wedge surface.

[0015] The zoom movie lens has a zoom ring and a focus ring, and the imaging module also includes a zoom rotating member and a focus rotating member, both of which are arranged on the base plate. The zoom ring is connected to the rotating end of the zoom rotating member, and the zoom rotating member drives the zoom ring to rotate. The focus ring is connected to the rotating end of the focus rotating member, and the focus rotating member drives the focus ring to rotate; the zoom rotating member and the focus rotating member both communicate with the PLC programmable controller or motion control card via cables through the Internet of Things gateway.

[0016] The zoom rotating member and the focus rotating member are respectively arranged on both sides of the zoom movie lens, and the structures of the zoom rotating member and the focus rotating member are the same. The surface of the zoom ring is provided with a first tooth surface along a circular direction. The zoom rotating member includes a driving motor and a gear set. The driving motor is mounted on the base plate, and the gear set is connected to the driving shaft of the driving motor. The tooth surface of the gear set is meshed with the first tooth surface. The driving motor drives the zoom ring to rotate through the gear set and realizes lens focusing.

[0017] The gear set includes a housing and a plurality of gears rotatably mounted on the housing, one of the gears rotates coaxially with the driving shaft of the driving motor, and all other gears mesh with the front and rear gears in sequence, and the gear at the rear end meshes with the first tooth surface of the zoom ring.

[0018] The bottom plate is provided with a plurality of strip grooves, which extend along the length direction of the zoom movie lens, and the lens holder and the connecting frame correspond to the strip grooves. A plurality of screws pass through the strip grooves and are respectively locked and connected to the bottom surfaces of the lens holder and the connecting frame; the lens holder is provided with a guide rod, and the rod length direction of the guide rod is consistent with the extension direction of the slide groove; the connecting frame is provided with a guide ring, and the guide ring is plugged and adapted with the guide rod to keep the lens holder and the connecting frame in a relatively fixed state while allowing position adjustment within a certain range; the bottom plate is also provided with a transverse groove, which extends in a direction perpendicular to the strip groove, and the zoom rotating member and the focus rotating member are both installed on the transverse groove through a connecting member for fine-tuning the position of the zoom rotating member and / or the focus rotating member.

[0019] The lens bracket is arranged at a position between the zoom ring and the focus ring in the zoom movie lens. The lens bracket includes a base and an annular hoop arranged on the base. The annular hoop is arranged on the surface of the zoom movie lens. The outer peripheral surface of the annular hoop is provided with an annular groove along an annular direction. The outer peripheral surface of the zoom movie lens is provided with a plurality of connecting holes, and the plurality of connecting holes are directly opposite to the annular groove. The connecting bolts pass through the annular groove and are locked and connected with the connecting holes to realize the fixing and support of the zoom movie lens.

[0020] The imaging module also includes a shell arranged on the base plate, the shell enclosing the zoom movie lens, the adapter ring, the camera body, the lens bracket and the connecting frame. The shell is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor and a temperature control and dehumidification device, and the temperature control and dehumidification device adjusts the temperature and humidity in the shell according to the temperature and humidity conditions sensed by the temperature and humidity sensor.

[0021] In addition, a power supply module is also included, and the power supply module includes a solar panel and a power supply box. The solar panel is electrically connected to the power supply box, and the power supply box is electrically connected to the main control module. The solar panel converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the power supply box, and the power supply box supplies power to the main control module.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1) The PTZ module can be used to realize multi-view and multi-point monitoring on one monitoring device.

[0024] 2) It is possible to link sensors to collect corresponding environmental and plant physiological and ecological data every time a photo is taken.

[0025] 3) Mechanical lens modules support applications with longer time spans.

[0026] 4) The suspended design of the camera body enables seamless body replacement without affecting shooting.

[0027] 5) Supports multiple shooting modes, while meeting the functions of phenological monitoring and communication and promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the image module of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the overall structure of the image module of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the camera body, the adapter ring and the connecting frame of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1, main control module; 2, pan / tilt module; 21, rotation and pitch adjustment member; 3, impact module; 31, bottom plate; 311, strip groove; 312, transverse groove; 32, zoom movie lens; 321, zoom ring; 322, focus ring; 323, connection hole; 33, adapter ring; 331, base; 332, wedge groove; 34, camera body; 35, lens bracket; 351, base; 352, annular hoop; 353, annular sink groove; 354, Guide rod; 36, connecting frame; 361, wedge block; 362, clamping block; 363, clamping groove; 364, wedge surface; 365, insertion rod; 366, storage groove; 367, guide ring; 37, zoom rotating member; 371, driving motor; 372, housing; 373, first gear; 374, second gear; 375, third gear; 38, focusing rotating member; 4, sensor module; 5, power supply module; 51, solar panel; 52, power supply box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The terms such as "upper", "inner", "middle", "left", "right" and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship shall also be regarded as the scope of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0034] In order to realize multi-viewing angle and multi-point monitoring on a monitoring device, and to be able to repair or update the camera without changing the angle to maintain long-term shooting, and at the same time, the corresponding environmental and plant physiological and ecological data can be collected in conjunction with the sensor when the camera is shooting, a multi-site phenological monitoring system of the present invention is designed. The structure and principle of the present invention are introduced as follows:

[0035] A multi-site phenological monitoring system, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, it includes a main control module 1, a pan / tilt module 2, an imaging module 3, a sensor module 4 and a power supply module 5.

[0036] The main control module 1 is mainly responsible for controlling the work of related modules and the transmission and remote storage of data. The main control module 1 includes a PLC programmable controller or a motion control card, a host computer and an Internet of Things gateway. The host computer communicates with the PLC programmable controller or the motion control card via a cable through the Internet of Things gateway. After receiving the control information transmitted by the PLC programmable controller or the motion control card, the host computer controls the corresponding module to work; the image module 3, the pan-tilt module 2 and the sensor module 4 all communicate with the host computer via a cable to realize data transmission and data interaction. For example, the camera part of the image module 3 communicates and transmits image files through the PTP protocol (ISO15740-2013) of the Internet of Things gateway; the pan-tilt module 2 communicates and controls with the PLC programmable controller or the motion control card and the host computer in the main control module 1 through the RS232 / RS485 / MODBUS-RTU protocol of the Internet of Things gateway; the sensor module 4 communicates and obtains data with the host computer in the main control module 1 through the RS485 / MODBUS-RTU protocol of the Internet of Things gateway; wherein, the host computer is connected to the remote background through the Internet of Things gateway and other modules for data transmission.

[0037] The pan-tilt module 2 has a rotating pitch adjustment member 21, which adopts a dual-axis mechanical arm and can realize the functions of self-rotation and pitch angle adjustment; wherein, the rotation and pitch angle adjustment of the dual-axis mechanical arm are both controlled by an absolute value encoded servo motor, and the absolute value encoded servo motor can support the system to return to the previously preset observation point for monitoring after an unexpected power outage, thereby improving the stability of the system and data continuity. The image module 3 is installed at the pitch adjustment end of the rotating pitch adjustment member 21, and the PLC programmable controller or motion control card transmits control information to the upper computer to control the rotation direction and pitch angle of the rotating pitch adjustment member 21, thereby realizing the role of remote control. It can be seen from this that the pan-tilt module 2 fixes the position of the zoom movie lens 32 by rotating the pitch adjustment member 21, so that the camera body 34 can be replaced without changing the shooting angle, thereby realizing the ability to continuously shoot the lens to cope with ultra-long working hours.

[0038] The image module 3 is used to collect image data for phenological monitoring and transmit the image data to the host computer via cables to achieve data interaction.

[0039] The sensor module 4 includes several plant physiological and environmental sensors for collecting ambient environment and plant physiological data, and transmitting the image data to the host computer via cables. Therefore, when the image module 3 collects phenological monitoring image data, a series of environmental and plant physiological data can be collected simultaneously, thereby improving the richness of data collection of the phenological monitoring system.

[0040] The power supply module 5 includes a solar panel 51 and a power supply box 52 (the power supply box 52 can also be replaced by a municipal power interface and a UPS power supply). The solar panel 51 is electrically connected to the power supply box 52, and the power supply box 52 is electrically connected to the main control module 1. The solar panel 51 converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the power supply box 52. The power supply box 52 supplies power to the main control module 1 to ensure uninterrupted operation of the entire system.

[0041] In this embodiment, Figures 2 to 4As shown, the imaging module 3 includes a base plate 31, a zoom movie lens 32, an adapter ring 33, a camera body 34, a lens bracket 35 and a connecting frame 36; the base plate 31 is attached to the pitch adjustment end of the rotating pitch adjustment member 21 by screws, the adapter ring 33 is arranged on the lens of the camera body 34, and the adapter ring 33 is detachably connected to the zoom movie lens 32, wherein the adapter ring 33 can be a snap-on adapter ring 33, and the connection between the adapter ring 33 and the zoom movie lens 32 can be released by pressing the snap point of the adapter ring 33; the lens bracket 35 and the connecting frame 36 are both arranged on the base plate 31, the zoom movie lens 32 is arranged on the lens bracket 35, and the adapter ring 33 is detachably mounted on the connecting frame 36. As a result, the camera body 34 is in a suspended state. Therefore, when the camera body 34 needs to be repaired or updated, the adapter ring 33 can be removed and the camera body 34 can be removed at the same time, so that it is convenient to repair or replace the new camera body 34 in time without moving the zoom movie lens 32. In this way, the entire imaging module 3 can be repaired or updated, and the entire shooting picture will remain in a coherent state without interruption, so as to improve the quality of phenological monitoring.

[0042] Regarding the zoom movie lens 32 and camera body 34 selected by the present invention, in order to meet a series of requirements from covering large-scene vegetation monitoring to specific single plant monitoring while ensuring the reliability of the system, a zoom movie lens (Laowa FF Ranger 28-75mm T2.9 is recommended) with an equivalent 35mm film size sensor (full frame) such as Canon EF mount or Arri PL mount should be used as an imaging module. Because the zoom movie lens has the characteristics of internal zoom and internal focus (the total length of the lens remains unchanged during zooming and focusing) and parfocality (the focus can be guaranteed not to shift during zooming), it can be easily integrated and used, and no additional focusing operation is required during the zooming process, which can improve the adaptability and reliability of the system to harsh environments.

[0043] At the same time, the zoom movie lens 32 (also called movie lens) of the present invention is generally a fully mechanical lens without any electronic adjustment function. Compared with the common micro-single and SLR lenses with a higher degree of electronicization, it has higher stability and reliability, and can be transferred to micro-single camera bodies 34 of different brands through a suitable adapter ring 33 without worrying about compatibility issues. In this way, during its long working life, it can be compatible with the latest camera body 34 models without fear of micro-single camera mount updates and upgrades. The zoom, focus, and aperture rings of the movie lens are all M0.8 tooth holes of the film standard, and the adjustment operation is performed by driving the focus gear through an external absolute value encoding servo motor. A full-frame micro-single camera is selected as the image recording module. On the one hand, the sensor size of the full-frame is basically fixed, that is, 36mm*24mm, while the sizes of other frames will vary with the camera brand and model. The stable standardized sensor size will help to be well compatible with the old camera body when the camera body is replaced in the future, so as not to affect the data continuity due to the change of the picture. On the other hand, when using standardized EF and PL mount movie lenses, the micro-single camera needs to add an adapter ring 33. The adapter ring 33 generally has a tripod fixing hole, which can strengthen the fixation of the entire system.

[0044] In this embodiment, in order to realize the detachable connection between the adapter ring 33 and the connecting frame 36, a wedge block 361 and a clamping block 362 are respectively provided on the opposite sides of the top surface of the connecting frame 36, the wedge block 361 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the connecting frame 36, and the clamping block 362 is provided with a telescopic member (not shown in the figure), and the end of the telescopic member away from the clamping block 362 is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting frame 36, and the clamping block 362 moves toward the wedge block 361 through the telescopic member, and the clamping block 362 is provided with a wedge surface 364 on the side of the clamping block 362 facing the wedge block 361, and a clamping groove 363 is formed between the wedge block 361 and the wedge surface 364; the bottom of the adapter ring 33 is provided with a base 331, and the opposite sides of the bottom of the base 331 The two wedge-shaped grooves 332 are provided on the surfaces, and the bottom of the base 331 is placed in the clamping groove 363. The two wedge-shaped grooves 332 of the base 331 are respectively opposite to the wedge block 361 and the wedge surface 364. When the clamping block 362 approaches the wedge block 361 through the telescopic member and clamps the base 331 with the wedge block 361, the two wedge-shaped grooves 332 of the base 331 are respectively engaged and adapted with the wedge block 361 and the wedge surface 364, so that the connecting frame 36 and the base 331 maintain a relatively stable state; at the same time, when the adapter ring 33 is released from the zoom movie lens 32, the base 331 can be released from the clamping state in the clamping groove 363 by moving the base 331 backward, which has the advantage of simple disassembly operation.

[0045] The telescopic member of this embodiment adopts a spring, a receiving groove 366 is provided on the side of the connecting frame 36, and a plug rod 365 is provided on the side of the clamping block 362. The plug rod 365 is plugged into the receiving groove 366, and the spring is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the plug rod 365. The end of the spring away from the clamping block 362 is connected to the inner bottom surface of the receiving groove 366. Therefore, under the traction of the spring, the contracted spring and the plug rod 365 can be stored in the receiving groove 366, and the clamping block 362 can be well abutted against the side of the connecting frame 36, thereby improving the clamping stability of the clamping block 362.

[0046] In this embodiment, Figures 2 to 4 As shown, in order to facilitate the function of adjusting the focal length of the zoom movie lens 32, the zoom movie lens 32 has a zoom ring 321 and a focus ring 322, wherein the focus ring can make the picture clear by adjusting the focus of the lens, and the zoom ring can change the distance of the picture by adjusting the focal length of the lens. The imaging module 3 also includes a zoom rotating member 37 and a focus rotating member 38, both of which are arranged on the bottom plate 31. The zoom ring 321 is connected to the rotating end of the zoom rotating member 37, and the zoom rotating member 37 drives the zoom ring 321 to rotate. The focus ring 322 is connected to the rotating end of the focus rotating member 38, and the focus rotating member 38 drives the focus ring 322 to rotate. The zoom rotating member 37 and the focus rotating member 38 both communicate with the PLC programmable controller or the motion control card through the Internet of Things gateway via cables. Thus, the user can remotely control the zoom rotating member 37 and / or the focus rotating member 38 to rotate, thereby driving the zoom ring 321 and / or the focus ring 322 to rotate, thereby realizing the function of remotely adjusting the zoom movie lens 32 to focus or zoom, so that the captured picture always remains relatively clear.

[0047] The zoom rotating member 37 and the focus rotating member 38 are respectively arranged on both sides of the zoom movie lens 32, and the zoom rotating member 37 and the focus rotating member 38 have the same structure. The surface of the zoom ring 321 is provided with a first tooth surface along the annular direction. The zoom rotating member 37 includes a driving motor 371 and a gear set. The driving motor 371 is installed on the bottom plate 31. The gear set is connected to the driving shaft of the driving motor 371. The tooth surface of the gear set is meshed with the first tooth surface. The driving motor 371 drives the zoom ring 321 to rotate through the gear set and realizes the lens focusing. Therefore, by arranging the zoom rotating member 37 and the focus rotating member 38 on both sides of the zoom movie lens 32, the two sides of the zoom movie lens 32 can be connected to the zoom rotating member 37 and the focus rotating member 38 respectively, which can achieve the effect of relatively balanced force and stable structure in structure.

[0048] In this embodiment, the gear set includes a housing 372 mounted on the bottom plate 31, and a first gear 373, a second gear 374 and a third gear 375 which are all rotatably mounted on the housing 372. The first gear 373 rotates coaxially with the driving shaft of the driving motor 371, the second gear 374 meshes with the first gear 373, the third gear 375 meshes with the second gear 374, and the third gear 375 meshes with the first tooth surface of the zoom ring 321. Therefore, by arranging the first gear 373, the second gear 374 and the third gear 375 on the housing 372 to increase the transmission distance, compared with the method of using large gears, it has the advantages of reducing space occupation and improving production cost savings.

[0049] In this embodiment, regarding the installation of the lens bracket 35 and the connecting frame 36, the bottom plate 31 is provided with a plurality of strip grooves 311, the strip grooves 311 extend along the length direction of the zoom movie lens 32, the lens bracket 35 and the connecting frame 36 both correspond to the strip grooves 311, and a plurality of screws pass through the strip grooves 311 and are respectively locked and connected with the bottom surface of the lens bracket 35 and the bottom surface of the connecting frame 36; the lens bracket 35 is provided with a guide rod 354, the rod length direction of the guide rod 354 is consistent with the extension direction of the slide groove, and the connecting frame 36 is provided with a guide ring 367, and the guide ring 367 is plugged and adapted with the guide rod 354, so that the lens bracket 35 and the connecting frame 36 remain in a relatively fixed state. At the same time, the bottom plate is also provided with a plurality of transverse grooves, the transverse grooves extend in a direction perpendicular to the strip grooves, and the plurality of transverse grooves are equally distributed on both sides of the plurality of strip grooves, and the zoom rotating member and the focus rotating member are both locked and installed on the transverse grooves by screws, for fine-tuning the position of the zoom rotating member and / or the focus rotating member.

[0050] In this embodiment, the lens bracket 35 is arranged between the zoom ring 321 and the focus ring 322 in the zoom movie lens 32, so that the support point of the lens bracket 35 for the zoom movie lens 32 is located at the center of gravity of the zoom movie lens 32, thereby achieving the effect of improving the support stability. The lens bracket 35 of the present invention includes a base 351 and an annular hoop 352 arranged on the base 351, the annular hoop 352 is arranged on the surface of the zoom movie lens 32, the outer peripheral surface of the annular hoop 352 is provided with an annular groove 353 along the annular direction, the outer peripheral surface of the zoom movie lens 32 is provided with a plurality of connecting holes 323, and the plurality of connecting holes 323 are directly opposite to the annular groove 353, and the connecting bolts are locked and connected with the connecting holes 323 after passing through the annular groove 353, so as to further improve the connection stability between the annular hoop 352 and the zoom movie lens 32, and at the same time improve the support stability of the lens bracket 35 and the zoom movie lens 32.

[0051] It can be seen from this that when designing the mechanical structure of the imaging module 3 of the present invention, all the main fixing points are arranged on the lens (i.e., the zoom movie lens 32), and the camera body 34 is only installed with a cable fixing structure and an auxiliary fixing structure for easy disassembly and assembly. This ensures that after the camera stops working due to its service life or an unexpected failure makes it impossible to continue shooting, the body can be seamlessly replaced without large-scale disassembly of the entire system causing a shift in the preset viewing angle, without affecting the continuity of the monitoring data.

[0052] In this embodiment, in order to prevent the working environment of the image module 3 from being overheated, overcooled or overhumid, so as to improve the service life of the image module 3, the image module 3 also includes a shell (not shown) arranged on the bottom plate 31, and the shell surrounds the zoom movie lens 32, the adapter ring 33, the camera body 34, the lens bracket 35 and the connecting frame 36. The shell is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor (not shown) and a temperature control and dehumidification device (the temperature control and dehumidification device is not shown in the view, and it can adopt a fan, a semiconductor refrigeration plate and other devices with temperature and humidity control). The temperature and humidity sensor is used to sense the temperature and humidity of the working environment in the shell in real time. At the same time, the temperature control and dehumidification device can adjust the temperature and humidity in the shell in real time according to the temperature and humidity conditions sensed by the temperature and humidity sensor to prevent the working environment of the image module 3 from being overheated, overcooled or overhumid, so as to improve the service life of the image module 3.

[0053] The present invention is about the design of the control software of the main control module 1. First, it realizes that each image is taken and a group of sensor data is read and recorded at the same time. The group of data is bound to the image taken and can be stored through a csv file. The name, shooting time and date of each frame of the image and the corresponding environmental data are recorded and transmitted back to the background for storage through the Internet of Things gateway. Secondly, it can realize the recording and storage of the shooting points of interest. Each shooting point of interest corresponds to the encoder position of each absolute value servo motor in the image module 3 and the pan-tilt module 2. The recording and storage of the shooting points of interest should have a power-off retention function, which can still be read losslessly after power-off and restart, and the images and data sequences shot by each point of interest can be stored in different folders respectively to facilitate subsequent management and analysis. In addition, the software of the main control module 1 also has an onion skin function similar to the stop-motion animation software, as well as an angle fine-tuning function, which allows the previously collected image screen to be superimposed on the real-time preview screen, so as to accurately align the two viewing angles, so that when the most extreme equipment damage occurs, the shooting angle can be fine-tuned according to the previously shot screen to retrieve the previous viewing angle and continue monitoring work. Finally, since the sampling interval for phenological monitoring data collection is often very long, ranging from several hours to a whole day, in order to maximize the value of a single system and integrate scientific research and popular science, the control software can also support multiple static and dynamic time-lapse shooting projects in the intervals between phenological monitoring data sampling, so as to shoot some time-lapse videos of the sample site for publicity and documentary production according to user needs. During the time-lapse shooting process, the task time of time-lapse shooting and phenological monitoring needs to be reasonably allocated so that multiple different tasks can be carried out simultaneously without interfering with each other.

[0054] In summary, the present invention reduces the cost of phenological monitoring equipment by designing a monitoring system with a high-definition micro-single camera to simultaneously observe phenological images of multiple angles and focal lengths, and links the sensor module 4 to read environmental and botanical data when shooting images, while achieving multi-point monitoring, improving the dimension of monitoring data, and enabling monitoring data to be simultaneously applied to scientific research, scientific communication, and the publicity and promotion of the affiliated institution itself. The present invention also has the ability to cope with ultra-long working hours, in which the main modules can be seamlessly replaced without changing the shooting angle.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0056] 1) Multi-view and multi-point monitoring can be achieved on one monitoring device through the PTZ module 2.

[0057] 2) It is possible to link sensors to collect corresponding environmental and plant physiological and ecological data every time a photo is taken.

[0058] 3) Mechanical lens modules support applications with longer time spans.

[0059] 4) The suspended design of the camera body 34 can support seamless body replacement without affecting shooting.

[0060] 5) Supports multiple shooting modes, while meeting the functions of phenological monitoring and communication and promotion.

[0061] The implementation methods of the present invention are not limited to this. According to the above content of the present invention, using common technical knowledge and customary means in the field, without departing from the above basic technical ideas of the present invention, the present invention can also make other various forms of modification, replacement or combination, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-site phenology monitoring system, characterized in that: include: Main control module, gimbal module, imaging module and sensor module; The main control module includes a PLC programmable controller or a motion control card, a host computer and an Internet of Things gateway; the host computer communicates with the PLC programmable controller or the motion control card via a cable, and transmits data back to the background storage through the Internet of Things gateway, and the image module, the pan / tilt module and the sensor module all communicate with the host computer via a cable; The pan / tilt module has a rotation and pitch adjustment member; the image module is arranged on the rotation and pitch adjustment member; the PLC programmable controller or motion control card controls the adjustment angle of the rotation and pitch adjustment member by transmitting control information to the host computer; The image module is used to collect image data for phenological monitoring and transmit the image data to the host computer via a cable; The sensor module includes a plurality of plant physiological and environmental indicator sensors, which are used to collect surrounding environment and plant physiological data, and transmit the image data to the host computer via cables.

2. The multi-site phenology monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The imaging module includes a base plate, a zoom movie lens, an adapter ring, a camera body, a lens bracket and a connecting frame; the base plate is arranged on the rotation and pitch adjustment member, the adapter ring is arranged on the lens of the camera body, the adapter ring is detachably connected to the zoom movie lens, the lens bracket and the connecting frame are both arranged on the base plate, the zoom movie lens is arranged on the lens bracket, and the adapter ring is detachably connected to the connecting frame.

3. The multi-site phenology monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the connecting frame is provided with a wedge block and a clamping block on two opposite sides of the top surface of the connecting frame, and the wedge block is fixedly connected to the top surface of the connecting frame, and the clamping block is provided with a telescopic piece, and one end of the telescopic piece is fixedly connected to the side surface of the connecting frame, and the clamping block moves toward the wedge block through the telescopic piece, and the clamping block is provided with a wedge surface on the side surface of the wedge block facing the wedge block, and a clamping groove is formed between the wedge block and the wedge surface; the bottom of the adapter ring is provided with a base, and wedge grooves are provided on the opposite sides of the bottom of the base, and the bottom of the base is placed in the clamping groove, and the two wedge grooves of the base are respectively opposite to the wedge block and the wedge surface, and when the clamping block approaches the wedge block through the telescopic piece and clamps the base with the wedge block, the two wedge grooves of the base are respectively engaged and adapted with the wedge block and the wedge surface.

4. The multi-site phenology monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The zoom movie lens has a zoom ring and a focus ring, and the imaging module also includes a zoom rotating member and a focus rotating member, both of which are arranged on the base plate. The zoom and focus ring is connected to the rotating end of the zoom rotating member, and the zoom rotating member drives the zoom ring to rotate. The focus ring is connected to the rotating end of the focus rotating member, and the focus rotating member drives the focus ring to rotate; the zoom rotating member and the focus rotating member both communicate with the PLC programmable controller or motion control card via cables.

5. The multi-site phenology monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The zoom rotating member and the focus rotating member are respectively arranged on both sides of the zoom movie lens, and the structures of the zoom rotating member and the focus rotating member are the same. The surface of the zoom ring is provided with a first tooth surface along a circular direction. The zoom rotating member includes a driving motor and a gear set. The driving motor is mounted on the base plate, and the gear set is connected to the driving shaft of the driving motor. The tooth surface of the gear set is meshed with the first tooth surface. The driving motor drives the zoom ring to rotate through the gear set and realizes lens focusing.

6. The multi-site phenology monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gear set includes a housing, and a plurality of gears rotatably mounted on the housing, the plurality of gears meshing in sequence for transmission, one end of the gear rotates coaxially with the driving shaft of the driving motor, and the other end of the gear meshes with the first tooth surface of the zoom ring.

7. The multi-site phenology monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom plate is provided with a plurality of strip grooves, which extend along the length direction of the zoom movie lens, and the lens holder and the connecting frame correspond to the strip grooves. A plurality of screws pass through the strip grooves and are respectively locked and connected to the bottom surfaces of the lens holder and the connecting frame; the lens holder is provided with a guide rod, and the rod length direction of the guide rod is consistent with the extension direction of the slide groove; the connecting frame is provided with a guide ring, and the guide ring is plugged and adapted with the guide rod to keep the lens holder and the connecting frame in a relatively fixed state while allowing position adjustment within a certain range; the bottom plate is also provided with a transverse groove, which extends in a direction perpendicular to the strip groove, and the zoom rotating member and the focus rotating member are both installed on the transverse groove through a connecting member for fine-tuning the position of the zoom rotating member and / or the focus rotating member.

8. The multi-site phenology monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lens bracket is arranged at a position between the zoom ring and the focus ring in the zoom movie lens. The lens bracket includes a base and an annular hoop arranged on the base. The annular hoop is arranged on the surface of the zoom movie lens. The outer peripheral surface of the annular hoop is provided with an annular groove along an annular direction. The outer peripheral surface of the zoom movie lens is provided with a plurality of connecting holes, and the plurality of connecting holes are directly opposite to the annular groove. The connecting bolts pass through the annular groove and are locked and connected with the connecting holes to realize the fixing and support of the zoom movie lens.

9. The multi-site phenology monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The imaging module also includes a shell arranged on the base plate, the shell enclosing the zoom movie lens, the adapter ring, the camera body, the lens bracket and the connecting frame. The shell is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor and a temperature control and dehumidification device. The temperature control and dehumidification device adjusts the temperature and humidity in the shell according to the temperature and humidity conditions sensed by the temperature and humidity sensor to maintain long-term stable operation of the equipment therein.

10. The multi-site phenology monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply module, which includes a solar panel and a power supply box. The solar panel is electrically connected to the power supply box, and the power supply box is electrically connected to the main control module. The solar panel converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the power supply box. The power supply box provides a stable power supply for the main control module.

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