Electronic component automatic assembling and positioning jig and assembling process method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electronic component assembling, and discloses an electronic component automatic assembling and positioning jig and an assembling process method.The electronic component automatic assembling and positioning jig comprises a supporting base, a containing box and a circuit board, a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting base, and a moving mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the mounting plate; the moving mechanism is connected with an assembling mechanism, a lighting mechanism is arranged on the top of the mounting plate, a supporting plate is arranged on the outer side of the mounting plate, fixing mechanisms are arranged on the outer side of the containing box and the outer side of the circuit board, the fixing mechanisms are arranged on the top of the supporting plate, and a defective product recycling mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the supporting seat. The assembling mechanism comprises a fixing base, and a mechanical arm is installed on the top of the fixing base. Through the accurate component positioning and grabbing step, the moving mechanism is matched with the visual system, the mechanical arm controls the assembling arm to accurately grab the component, the assembling efficiency and accuracy are improved, and manual errors are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electronic component assembly, and in particular to an electronic component automatic assembly positioning fixture and an assembly process method. Background Art

[0002] Electronic components are the basic parts of electronic products. They refer to finished products whose molecular composition is not changed during factory production and processing. With the rapid development of the electronics industry and the growing market demand for electronic products, the assembly efficiency and quality of electronic components have become one of the key factors in corporate competitiveness. In the process of electronic component assembly, positioning and efficient assembly operations are crucial to ensure product performance and reliability.

[0003] At present, the assembly of electronic components mainly relies on manual operation or semi-automatic equipment. In the manual assembly method, workers must first take various electronic components and place them on the workbench, then compare them with the circuit board screen printing or assembly drawings, determine the position of the components only by naked eyes and simple tools (such as magnifying glasses, tweezers, etc.), grab the components with tweezers or suction pens and place them on the corresponding part of the circuit board, then manually solder the pins and pads, and visually inspect the quality after completing part of the assembly. The semi-automatic assembly method is to automatically transport components to the designated position for easy grasping through a vibration plate or material belt, use mechanical positioning devices or visual assistance systems to help workers locate, use semi-automatic grasping tools such as pneumatic nozzles or electric tweezers, control operations through buttons or foot switches, and realize automation in specific processes (such as automatic gluing, automatic screw tightening), and are also equipped with basic testing equipment such as continuity testers and appearance inspection cameras, so that workers can perform simple inspections on products during the assembly process. However, these two methods still have obvious deficiencies in assembly efficiency and accuracy, and it is difficult to meet the needs of modern electronic manufacturing.

[0004] The existing electronic component assembly technology lacks efficient and accurate automation means in component assembly, which leads to deviations and mistakes in the assembly process. At the same time, due to the lack of effective quality inspection and alarm mechanisms, it is difficult to detect and handle assembly anomalies in a timely manner, thus affecting the overall quality and production efficiency of the product. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an electronic component automatic assembly positioning fixture and assembly process method, which solves the problem that the existing electronic component assembly technology lacks efficient and accurate automated means in component assembly, resulting in deviations and errors that are prone to occur during the assembly process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an electronic component automatic assembly positioning fixture, comprising a support seat, a placement box and a circuit board, the top of the support seat is fixedly connected with a mounting plate, the outer side of the mounting plate is provided with a moving mechanism, the moving mechanism is connected with an assembly mechanism, the top of the mounting plate is provided with a lighting mechanism, the outer side of the mounting plate is provided with a support plate, the outer sides of the placement box and the circuit board are both provided with a fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism is provided at the top of the support plate, and the bottom of the support seat is provided with a defective product recovery mechanism; The assembly mechanism includes a fixed seat, a mechanical arm is installed on the top of the fixed seat, an assembly arm is installed on the mechanical arm, an industrial camera is installed on the outside of the assembly arm, and an audible and visual alarm is installed on the outside of the mounting plate. The industrial camera and the audible and visual alarm transmit the collected data to the central control system.

[0007] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes a motor, which is mounted on the outside of the mounting plate. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to a screw, and the end of the screw away from the motor is rotatably connected to the outside of the mounting plate. The outer side of the screw is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve, and the outside of the threaded sleeve is fixedly connected to a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to a fixing seat.

[0008] Preferably, two sliding sleeves are fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate close to the threaded sleeve, a sliding rod is slidably connected to the internal through hole of the sliding sleeve, and both ends of the sliding rod are fixedly connected to the outer side of the mounting plate.

[0009] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes a fixing plate, which is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting plate, and a slide plate is slidably connected to the four grooves on the top of the fixing plate, and the inner wall of the groove and the outer side of the slide plate are fixedly connected with a spring, and the top of the slide plate is fixedly connected with a clamping plate, and the two clamping plates are fixedly connected with a connecting plate on the opposite side, and the connecting plate is connected to the supporting seat and the supporting plate through fasteners, and two through grooves are provided on the inner sides of the supporting seat and the supporting plate, and the fasteners are arranged on the inner sides of the through grooves.

[0010] Preferably, a guide rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove, and the outer side of the guide rod is slidably connected to the inner through hole of the slide plate.

[0011] Preferably, the defective product recycling mechanism includes a recycling box and three limit shells, the three limit shells are respectively fixedly connected to the outer two sides and the bottom of the recycling box, the limit shells are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support seat through support rods, the outer two sides and the bottom of the recycling box are fixedly connected with limit plates, the limit plates are plugged into the limit shells, a feed port is provided on the top of the support seat, and locking components are arranged on the outer two sides of the recycling box, and the locking components are used to lock the limit plates.

[0012] Preferably, the locking assembly includes a locking plate, which is rotatably connected to one side of the outside of the recycling box, and a locking block is fixedly connected to the outer side of one of the limiting plates on both sides of the outside of the recycling box, and the locking plate is snap-fitted with the locking block.

[0013] Preferably, the lighting mechanism comprises a lighting frame, and a lighting lamp is installed on the top of the lighting frame.

[0014] Preferably, the central control system includes: An image processing module, which is connected to the industrial camera and is used to capture and process image data of circuit boards and electronic components and provide component positioning information; An alarm module, which is connected to an audible and visual alarm, is used to detect a failure in the component assembly process. The alarm module triggers an audible and visual alarm to remind the operator to make corrections; The visual system control module is used to feed back the processing results to the central control system, perform real-time position calibration and control the action of the grasping mechanism to ensure that the components are grasped and assembled onto the circuit board.

[0015] The present invention also provides an electronic component automatic assembly process method, comprising the following steps: S1. Position the placement box and the circuit board, fix the placement box and the circuit board on the fixing mechanism at different positions, and place the placement box or the circuit board between the two clamping plates. The slide plate will slide along the guide rod in the groove and compress the spring. The elastic force generated by the compression of the spring will react on the slide plate and the clamping plate, so that the clamping plate can fit more closely to the outside of the placement box or the circuit board. At this time, the placement box or the circuit board on the clamping plate can be completely fixed by using a tool to operate the fastener to cooperate with the through groove; S2, component positioning and grasping, the connection plate is controlled to move by the moving mechanism, and then the assembly mechanism is controlled to move, so that the industrial camera captures the image of the component in the placement box, and the image processing module analyzes the image data to obtain the position, direction and angle of the component, and feeds back to the visual system control module to guide the robot arm to control the assembly arm to grasp the component; S3, component assembly: the robot arm controls the assembly arm to place the component on the target hole on the circuit board according to the positioning information fed back by the visual system to ensure the correct docking of the component; S4, quality inspection, quality inspection of component assembly process through image processing module; S5, alarm, when an abnormality or error is detected in the assembly process, the alarm module triggers the sound and light alarm to notify the operator to handle it; S6, defective product recovery, the circuit board after assembly is subject to overall quality inspection, the unqualified ones are thrown into the defective product recovery mechanism by the operator, and the qualified ones are released by the fixing mechanism and proceed to the next step.

[0016] The present invention provides an electronic component automatic assembly positioning fixture and an assembly process method. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention uses accurate component positioning and grasping steps, and cooperates with the mobile mechanism and the visual system to allow the robot arm to control the assembly arm to accurately assemble components, thereby improving assembly efficiency and accuracy and reducing manual errors. When assembling components, visual feedback is used to ensure correct docking and ensure product quality. Quality inspection can promptly troubleshoot problems, and the alarm mechanism can quickly notify the operator to handle abnormalities, which overall improves the level of production automation and product qualification rate.

[0017] 2. The present invention can adapt to different sizes of placement boxes and circuit boards through the synergistic effect of the spring, guide rod and clamping plate, and the stable cooperation between the fastener and the through slot, thereby enhancing the versatility and flexibility of the fixture. It ensures that the placement box and the circuit board remain stable during assembly, effectively avoids assembly errors caused by shaking and displacement, and greatly improves the product yield and assembly accuracy. Furthermore, the mechanism is easy to operate and can quickly complete the fixing and disassembly actions, greatly shortening the assembly time, improving production efficiency, and reducing production costs.

[0018] 3. The present invention provides great convenience for waste disposal in the process of electronic component assembly through the defective product recycling mechanism. The combination of the recycling box, the limiting shell and the limiting plate ensures that it is firmly installed and easy to disassemble, which is convenient for cleaning the recycled waste. The setting of the feed port allows the waste to enter the recycling box smoothly to avoid scattering and affecting the working environment. The use of the locking component further enhances the stability of the recycling box, prevents accidental falling off during the operation of the equipment, ensures the orderly progress of the entire assembly process, and improves the safety and cleanliness of the workplace. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a rear view of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the fastener structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the defective product recovery mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a recycling bin of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a lock plate of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a flow chart of the present invention.

[0020] Among them, 1. support seat; 2. mounting plate; 3. moving mechanism; 301. motor; 302. screw; 303. threaded sleeve; 304. connecting plate; 305. sliding sleeve; 306. sliding rod; 4. assembly mechanism; 401. fixing seat; 402. mechanical arm; 403. assembly arm; 5. lighting mechanism; 501. lighting frame; 502. lighting lamp; 6. placement box; 7. circuit board; 8. fixing mechanism; 801. fixing plate; 802. guide rod; 803. spring; 804. clamping plate; 805. sliding plate; 806. connecting plate; 807. fastener; 808. through groove; 9. defective product recovery mechanism; 901. recovery box; 902. limit shell; 903. limit plate; 904. locking plate; 905. locking block; 906. feed port; 10. support plate; 11. industrial camera; 12. sound and light alarm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the specification of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figure 1-Figure 10 The embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic assembly and positioning fixture for electronic components, including a support seat 1, a placement box 6 and a circuit board 7. The top of the support seat 1 is fixedly connected with a mounting plate 2, the outer side of the mounting plate 2 is provided with a moving mechanism 3, the moving mechanism 3 is connected with an assembly mechanism 4, the top of the mounting plate 2 is provided with a lighting mechanism 5, the outer side of the mounting plate 2 is provided with a support plate 10, the outer sides of the placement box 6 and the circuit board 7 are both provided with a fixing mechanism 8, the fixing mechanism 8 is provided on the top of the support plate 10, and the bottom of the support seat 1 is provided with a defective product recovery mechanism 9; The support seat 1 serves as the basic support structure of the entire fixture, providing a stable bearing platform for the mounting plate 2, the support plate 10 and other components, ensuring the relative position of each component is stable during the assembly process. The placement box 6 is specifically used to store the electronic components to be assembled. Through reasonable design and layout, the electronic components can be arranged in an orderly manner, which is convenient for the assembly mechanism 4 to accurately grasp, improves the efficiency and accuracy of the assembly process, reduces grasping errors and assembly errors caused by chaotic component placement, and helps to improve overall production efficiency and product quality. The circuit board 7 is the assembly target of the electronic components, and its stable placement and precise positioning are crucial to ensure the accuracy of component assembly. The mounting plate 2 provides an installation basis for components such as the moving mechanism 3, the assembly mechanism 4 and the lighting mechanism 5. The moving mechanism 3 can control the position movement of the assembly mechanism 4. The assembly mechanism 4 is the core component for realizing the grasping and assembly of electronic components. With the cooperation of the industrial camera 11 and the central control system, it can accurately control the actions of the mechanical arm 402 and the assembly arm 403 according to the position, direction and angle information of the components to realize automated component grasping and assembly. The lighting mechanism 5 and the lighting lamp 502 on the lighting frame 501 provide sufficient light for the assembly area, ensuring that the industrial camera 11 can clearly capture the image of the components and the circuit board 7. The support plate 10 provides stable support for the fixing mechanism 8, ensuring that the fixing mechanism 8 can withstand the corresponding pressure and force when fixing the placement box 6 and the circuit board 7, ensuring that the placement box 6 and the circuit board 7 maintain a stable position during the assembly process, and avoiding assembly errors caused by unstable support. The fixing mechanism 8 can adapt to placement boxes 6 and circuit boards 7 of different sizes and firmly fix them in the assembly position. The defective product recovery mechanism 9 provides a convenient solution for waste disposal during the assembly process of electronic components.

[0023] The assembly mechanism 4 includes a fixed base 401, a mechanical arm 402 is installed on the top of the fixed base 401, an assembly arm 403 is installed on the mechanical arm 402, an industrial camera 11 is installed on the outside of the assembly arm 403, and an audible and visual alarm 12 is installed on the outside of the mounting plate 2. The industrial camera 11 and the audible and visual alarm 12 transmit the collected data to the central control system.

[0024] The fixed base 401 provides stable support for the robot arm 402, and the robot arm 402 drives the assembly arm 403 to move flexibly. The industrial camera 11 on the assembly arm 403 collects images of the components, cooperates with the central control system, and analyzes and processes the collected data to obtain accurate information about the components, thereby achieving accurate grasp of the position, direction and angle of the components, guiding the robot arm 402 and the assembly arm 403 to accurately grasp and assemble components, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of assembly; at the same time, when an abnormality occurs, the industrial camera 11 feeds back information to the central control system, triggering the sound and light alarm 12 on the mounting plate 2 to sound an alarm, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the assembly process and problem early warning, effectively ensuring the stability and reliability of the assembly work, and reducing the output of defective products.

[0025] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 Figure 4 The moving mechanism 3 includes a motor 301, which is installed on the outside of the mounting plate 2. The output end of the motor 301 is fixedly connected to a screw rod 302. One end of the screw rod 302 away from the motor 301 is rotatably connected to the outside of the mounting plate 2. The outer side of the screw rod 302 is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve 303. The outside of the threaded sleeve 303 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 304. The connecting plate 304 is fixedly connected to a fixing seat 401.

[0026] The motor 301 provides a power source and cooperates with the screw 302. The motor 301 drives the screw 302 to rotate, and the screw 302 drives the outer threaded sleeve 303 to make a linear motion along the screw 302. The connecting plate 304 fixed outside the threaded sleeve 303 moves synchronously, thereby driving the fixed seat 401 fixed thereto and the assembly mechanism 4 thereon to move, thereby realizing the positioning and rapid displacement of the assembly mechanism 4 in the horizontal direction, providing a basis for the industrial camera 11 to accurately capture the image of the components in the placement box 6 and the assembly arm 403 to grasp and place the components, greatly improving the positioning and work efficiency of the electronic component assembly process, reducing assembly errors and time waste caused by inaccurate positioning, and enhancing the automation and reliability of the entire assembly system.

[0027] See also Figure 3-Figure 4 Two sliding sleeves 305 are fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate 304 close to the threaded sleeve 303 , and a sliding rod 306 is slidably connected to the internal through hole of the sliding sleeve 305 , and both ends of the sliding rod 306 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the mounting plate 2 .

[0028] Through the sleeve 305 on the connecting plate 304, in cooperation with the slide bar 306 fixed on the mounting plate 2, when the threaded sleeve 303 drives the connecting plate 304 to move, the sleeve 305 slides stably along the slide bar 306, limiting the moving direction of the connecting plate 304 so that it can only move in a straight line along the slide bar 306, thereby avoiding the shaking or deviation of the connecting plate 304 caused by the rotation of the screw rod 302 driven by the motor 301, achieving precise guidance and stable support for the moving process of the connecting plate 304, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the movement of the assembly mechanism 4, and thus ensuring that the industrial camera 11 can always and stably obtain clear and accurate component image data, and the operation of the assembly arm 403 to accurately grasp and place components can be carried out smoothly, effectively improving the working accuracy and reliability of the entire electronic component automatic assembly positioning fixture.

[0029] See also Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The fixing mechanism 8 includes a fixing plate 801, which is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting plate 10. Slide plates 805 are slidably connected to the four grooves on the top of the fixing plate 801. The inner wall of the groove and the outer side of the slide plate 805 are fixedly connected with a spring 803. The top of the slide plate 805 is fixedly connected with a clamping plate 804. The two clamping plates 804 are fixedly connected to the opposite sides thereof with a connecting plate 806. The connecting plate 806 is connected to the supporting seat 1 and the supporting plate 10 through a fastener 807. Two through grooves 808 are provided on the inner sides of the supporting seat 1 and the supporting plate 10, and the fastener 807 is arranged on the inner side of the through groove 808.

[0030] Through the fixing plate 801, it cooperates with the support plate 10 to provide a stable installation foundation for the entire fixing mechanism 8; through the slide plate 805, it cooperates with the groove on the top of the fixing plate 801, and the slide plate 805 can slide in the groove; through the spring 803, it cooperates with the slide plate 805, and the spring 803 can be extended and retracted when the slide plate 805 slides; through the clamping plate 804, it cooperates with the slide plate 805, and moves with the slide plate 805 to achieve the clamping or loosening of the object; through the connecting plate 806, it cooperates with the fastener 807, and the fastener 807 is used to pass through the through groove 808 to limit the position of the connecting plate 806, thereby driving the clamping plate 804 to move, so as to achieve a flexible and adaptable placement box 6 and circuit board 7 of different sizes for stable clamping, effectively avoiding their shaking and displacement during the assembly process, ensuring the assembly accuracy, and also facilitating the rapid completion of the fixing and disassembly operations, thereby improving the assembly efficiency. The fastener 807 is a bolt nut, which can be operated by a corresponding nut wrench when fixing the fastener 807.

[0031] See also Figure 5-Figure 6 The inner wall of the groove is fixedly connected with a guide rod 802, and the outer side of the guide rod 802 is slidably connected with the inner through hole of the slide plate 805.

[0032] The guide rod 802 fixed by the inner wall of the groove cooperates with the through hole inside the skateboard 805. When the skateboard 805 slides due to external force, its internal through hole slides along the guide rod 802 in a direction, thereby limiting the sliding trajectory of the skateboard 805 and ensuring that the skateboard 805 can only move smoothly in a predetermined direction to avoid unstable situations such as deviation and skewness. This ensures that the clamping plate 804 connected to the skateboard 805 can stably clamp the placement box 6 or the circuit board 7, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the overall operation of the fixing mechanism 8 and helping to improve the accuracy of the electronic component assembly process.

[0033] See also Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The defective product recovery mechanism 9 includes a recovery box 901 and three limit shells 902. The three limit shells 902 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer sides and the bottom of the recovery box 901. The limit shells 902 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support seat 1 through support rods. The outer sides and the bottom of the recovery box 901 are fixedly connected with limit plates 903. The limit plates 903 are plugged into and matched with the limit shells 902. A feed port 906 is provided on the top of the support seat 1.

[0034] Through the recycling box 901, a storage space is provided for waste storage; through the limiting shell 902, it cooperates with the support rod, and the bottom of the support seat 1 is connected with the support rod to make the limiting shell 902; through the limiting plate 903, it cooperates with the limiting shell 902, and the limiting plate 903 is inserted into the limiting shell 902 to realize the plug-in connection between the two, and further stabilize the overall structure of the recycling box 901; through the feed port 906 on the support seat 1, it cooperates with the recycling box 901, so that the waste generated during the assembly process can smoothly enter the recycling box 901 through the feed port 906, thereby realizing convenient and stable storage of waste during electronic component assembly, avoiding the scattering of waste to affect the working environment, and ensuring a clean and orderly effect at the workplace.

[0035] See also Fig. 9 , locking components are provided on both sides of the outside of the recycling box 901, and the locking components are used to lock the limit plate 903. The locking components include a locking plate 904, which is rotatably connected to one side of the outside of the recycling box 901, and a locking block 905 is fixedly connected to the outer side of one of the limit plates 903 on both sides of the outside of the recycling box 901, and the locking plate 904 is snap-fitted with the locking block 905.

[0036] Through the locking plate 904, it cooperates with the recycling box 901 and is installed on the outer side of the recycling box 901 in a rotatable manner, so that it can rotate flexibly; through the locking block 905, it cooperates with one of the limit plates 903 and is fixed on the outer side of the limit plate 903; when locking is required, the locking plate 904 is rotated to make it snap-fit ​​with the locking block 905, thereby achieving a stable locking of the limit plate 903, thereby enhancing the stability of the recycling box 901, and effectively preventing the recycling box 901 from accidentally falling off or moving due to vibration or other external factors during the operation of the equipment, thereby ensuring the safety and continuity of waste recycling work and maintaining the stability and order of the entire electronic component assembly environment.

[0037] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 The lighting mechanism 5 includes a lighting frame 501 , and a lighting lamp 502 is installed on the top of the lighting frame 501 .

[0038] Through the lighting frame 501, in cooperation with the mounting plate 2, it is stably installed at a suitable position on the top of the mounting plate 2 to provide support for the lighting lamp 502; through the lighting lamp 502, under the support of the lighting frame 501, light is emitted to illuminate the assembly area after power is turned on, thereby providing a sufficient and uniform light environment for the automatic assembly process of electronic components, ensuring that the industrial camera 11 can clearly and accurately capture the image of the components and circuit boards 7 in the placement box 6, improving the quality of image acquisition, and then improving the accuracy of component positioning and assembly, reducing visual errors and assembly errors caused by insufficient light, and ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of the entire assembly process.

[0039] See also Fig.10 , the central control system includes: An image processing module, which is connected to the industrial camera 11 and is used to capture and process image data of the circuit board 7 and electronic components and provide component positioning information; An alarm module, which is connected to the sound and light alarm 12, is used to detect a failure in the component assembly process and trigger a sound and light alarm to remind the operator to make corrections; The visual system control module is used to feed back the processing results to the central control system, perform real-time position calibration and control the action of the grasping mechanism to ensure that the components are grasped and assembled onto the circuit board 7.

[0040] Through the image processing module, in cooperation with the industrial camera 11, the image data of the circuit board 7 and the electronic components captured by the industrial camera 11 are received, and the algorithm is used to analyze and process the data to extract the key positioning information such as the position, direction and angle of the components; through the alarm module, in cooperation with the sound and light alarm 12, when an abnormality or failure is detected in the component assembly process, the sound and light alarm 12 is immediately triggered to send out an alarm signal to notify the operator to correct the problem; through the visual system control module, in cooperation with the image processing module and the grasping mechanism, the analysis results of the image processing module are converted into control instructions, which are fed back to the central control system, and then the real-time position of the grasping mechanism is calibrated, and its action is accurately controlled, realizing the intelligent and automated control of the electronic component assembly process, greatly improving the accuracy and efficiency of assembly, reducing the difficulty and error of manual operation, and ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the entire assembly process and the high-quality output of products.

[0041] See also Fig.10 The present invention also provides an electronic component automatic assembly process method, comprising the following steps: S1, positioning the placement box 6 and the circuit board 7, fixing the placement box 6 and the circuit board 7 on the fixing mechanism 8 at different positions, placing the placement box 6 or the circuit board 7 between the two clamping plates 804, the slide plate 805 will slide along the guide rod 802 in the groove and compress the spring 803, the elastic force generated by the compression of the spring 803 will react on the slide plate 805 and the clamping plate 804, so that the clamping plate 804 can fit more closely to the outside of the placement box 6 or the circuit board 7, at this time, the placement box 6 or the circuit board 7 on the clamping plate 804 is completely fixed by using a tool to operate the fastener 807 to cooperate with the through slot 808; The placement box 6 and the circuit board 7 are positioned on the fixing mechanism 8. The clamping plate 804, the slide plate 805, the spring 803, the guide rod 802, the fastener 807 and the through slot 808 cooperate to not only tightly fit and fix the placement box 6 and the circuit board 7 to avoid shaking and displacement during assembly, but also the elastic force of the spring 803 can adapt to different sizes and is easy to operate, which effectively improves the assembly accuracy, efficiency and versatility of the fixture and reduces costs.

[0042] S2, component positioning and grasping, the connecting plate 304 is controlled to move by the moving mechanism 3, and then the assembly mechanism 4 is controlled to move, so that the industrial camera 11 captures the image of the component in the placement box 6, and the image processing module analyzes the image data to obtain the position, direction and angle of the component, and feeds back to the visual system control module to guide the robot arm 402 to control the assembly arm 403 to grasp the component; In the component positioning and grasping process, with the help of the mobile mechanism 3 to control the movement of the connecting plate 304 and the assembly mechanism 4, combined with the coordinated operation of the industrial camera 11, the image processing module and the visual system control module, the accurate acquisition and feedback of the component position, direction and angle are realized, and then the robot arm 402 is guided to control the assembly arm 403 to accurately grasp the components, which greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of grasping, reduces human errors, and improves the automation level and quality stability of electronic component assembly.

[0043] S3, component assembly, the robot arm 402 controls the assembly arm 403 to place the component on the target position hole on the circuit board 7 according to the positioning information fed back by the visual system to ensure that the component is correctly docked; During the component assembly process, the robot arm 402 controls the assembly arm 403 based on the positioning information fed back by the visual system, and accurately places the components into the target position holes on the circuit board 7, ensuring that the components are correctly docked, effectively improving the accuracy and success rate of assembly, and ensuring the quality and performance of electronic products. At the same time, it improves production efficiency and reduces the risk of increased costs due to assembly errors.

[0044] S4, quality inspection, quality inspection of component assembly process through image processing module; By using the image processing module to perform quality inspection on the component assembly process, it is possible to monitor the assembly status in real time and promptly discover various quality problems such as component offset, cold soldering, and wrong assembly, so that adjustments or corrections can be made in advance to prevent defective products from flowing into the next process, greatly improving the overall quality of the product and the stability of the production process.

[0045] S5, alarm, when an abnormality or error is detected in the assembly process, the alarm module triggers the sound and light alarm 12 to notify the operator to handle it; When an abnormality or error is detected in the assembly process, the alarm module triggers the sound and light alarm 12, which can promptly notify the operator to handle it, avoid further deterioration of the problem, reduce material waste and time loss caused by assembly errors, effectively ensure the continuity and stability of the production process, and improve overall production efficiency and product quality.

[0046] S6, defective product recovery, the assembled circuit board 7 is subjected to an overall quality inspection, and the unqualified ones are thrown into the defective product recovery mechanism 9 by the operator, and the qualified ones are released by the fixing mechanism 8, and the next step is carried out.

[0047] During the recycling process, the assembled circuit board 7 is subjected to an overall quality inspection, and unqualified products are thrown into the defective product recycling mechanism 9 to prevent the defective products from being mixed into the subsequent processes, and qualified products are conveniently released by the fixing mechanism 8 for the next step.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electronic component automatic assembly positioning fixture, comprising a support seat (1), a placement box (6) and a circuit board (7), characterized in that: The top of the support seat (1) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (2), the outer side of the mounting plate (2) is provided with a moving mechanism (3), the moving mechanism (3) is connected to an assembly mechanism (4), the top of the mounting plate (2) is provided with a lighting mechanism (5), the outer side of the mounting plate (2) is provided with a support plate (10), the outer sides of the placement box (6) and the circuit board (7) are both provided with fixing mechanisms (8), the fixing mechanisms (8) are provided on the top of the support plate (10), and the bottom of the support seat (1) is provided with a defective product recovery mechanism (9); The assembly mechanism (4) comprises a fixing seat (401), a mechanical arm (402) is mounted on the top of the fixing seat (401), an assembly arm (403) is mounted on the mechanical arm (402), an industrial camera (11) is mounted on the outside of the assembly arm (403), and an audible and visual alarm (12) is mounted on the outside of the mounting plate (2), and the industrial camera (11) and the audible and visual alarm (12) transmit collected data to a central control system.

2. The electronic component automatic assembly and positioning jig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism (3) comprises a motor (301), the motor (301) being mounted on the outside of the mounting plate (2), the output end of the motor (301) being fixedly connected to a screw rod (302), one end of the screw rod (302) away from the motor (301) being rotatably connected to the outside of the mounting plate (2), the outer side of the screw rod (302) being threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve (303), the outside of the threaded sleeve (303) being fixedly connected to a connecting plate (304), and the connecting plate (304) being fixedly connected to a fixing seat (401).

3. The electronic component automatic assembly and positioning jig according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two sliding sleeves (305) are fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate (304) close to the threaded sleeve (303), a sliding rod (306) is slidably connected to the internal through hole of the sliding sleeve (305), and both ends of the sliding rod (306) are fixedly connected to the outside of the mounting plate (2).

4. The electronic component automatic assembly and positioning jig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (8) comprises a fixing plate (801), wherein the fixing plate (801) is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate (10), and slide plates (805) are slidably connected to four grooves on the top of the fixing plate (801), and springs (803) are fixedly connected between the inner wall of the groove and the outer side of the slide plate (805), and a clamping plate (804) is fixedly connected to the top of the slide plate (805), and a connecting plate (806) is fixedly connected to the two sides of the two clamping plates (804) that are away from each other, and the connecting plate (806) is connected to the support seat (1) and the support plate (10) through a fastener (807), and two through grooves (808) are provided on the inner sides of the support seat (1) and the support plate (10), and the fastener (807) is arranged on the inner side of the through groove (808).

5. The electronic component automatic assembly positioning jig according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide rod (802) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove, and the outer side of the guide rod (802) is slidably connected to the inner through hole of the slide plate (805).

6. The electronic component automatic assembly positioning jig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The defective product recovery mechanism (9) comprises a recovery box (901) and three limit shells (902), wherein the three limit shells (902) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer sides and the bottom of the recovery box (901), the limit shells (902) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support seat (1) through a support rod, the outer sides and the bottom of the recovery box (901) are fixedly connected to the limit plates (903), the limit plates (903) and the limit shells (902) are plugged together, a feed port (906) is provided on the top of the support seat (1), and locking components are provided on the outer sides of the recovery box (901), and the locking components are used to lock the limit plates (903).

7. The electronic component automatic assembly and positioning jig according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking assembly comprises a locking plate (904), the locking plate (904) being rotatably connected to one side of the outside of the recycling box (901), a locking block (905) being fixedly connected to the outer side of one of the limiting plates (903) on both sides of the outside of the recycling box (901), and the locking plate (904) and the locking block (905) being snap-fitted.

8. The electronic component automatic assembly and positioning jig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lighting mechanism (5) comprises a lighting frame (501), and a lighting lamp (502) is installed on the top of the lighting frame (501).

9. The electronic component automatic assembly and positioning jig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central control system comprises: An image processing module, the image processing module being connected to the industrial camera (11) and being used to capture and process image data of the circuit board (7) and the electronic components and provide component positioning information; An alarm module, the alarm module is connected to the sound and light alarm (12), and is used to detect a failure in the component assembly process, and the alarm module triggers a sound and light alarm to remind the operator to make corrections; The visual system control module is used to feed back the processing results to the central control system, perform real-time position calibration and control the action of the grasping mechanism to ensure that the components are grasped and assembled onto the circuit board (7).

10. An electronic component automatic assembly process method, according to an electronic component automatic assembly positioning fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, positioning the placement box (6) and the circuit board (7), fixing the placement box (6) and the circuit board (7) on the fixing mechanism (8) at different positions, placing the placement box (6) or the circuit board (7) between the two clamping plates (804), the slide plate (805) will slide along the guide rod (802) in the groove and compress the spring (803), and the elastic force generated by the compression of the spring (803) will react on the slide plate (805) and the clamping plate (804), so that the clamping plate (804) can be more closely attached to the outer side of the placement box (6) or the circuit board (7), and then the placement box (6) or the circuit board (7) on the clamping plate (804) is completely fixed by using a tool to operate the fastener (807) and the through groove (808); S2, component positioning and grasping, controlling the movement of the connecting plate (304) through the moving mechanism (3), thereby controlling the movement of the assembly mechanism (4), so that the industrial camera (11) captures the image of the component in the placement box, and analyzes the image data through the image processing module to obtain the position, direction and angle of the component, and feeds back to the visual system control module to guide the mechanical arm (402) to control the assembly arm (403) to grasp the component; S3, component assembly, the robot arm (402) controls the assembly arm (403) to place the component on the target position hole on the circuit board (7) according to the positioning information fed back by the visual system, to ensure that the component is correctly docked; S4, quality inspection, quality inspection of component assembly process through image processing module; S5, alarm, when an abnormality or error is detected in the assembly process, the alarm module triggers the sound and light alarm (12) to notify the operator to handle it; S6, defective product recovery. After the assembly, the circuit board (7) is subjected to an overall quality inspection. The unqualified ones are thrown into the defective product recovery mechanism (9) by the operator. The qualified ones are fixed by the fixing mechanism (8) and the next step is carried out.

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