Circularly polarized antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a circularly polarized antenna and electronic equipment. The circularly polarized antenna comprises a mainboard, a radiator and a perturbation structure. The radiating body is annular, and one side of the radiating body is parallel to the main board and is electrically connected with the main board through a feed structure; the perturbation structure is located between the mainboard and the radiator and is arranged to disturb a resonance electromagnetic field formed by the radiator.

Description

Circularly polarized antennas and electronic equipment Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antenna devices, for example, to a circularly polarized antenna and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] Wearable devices such as wristbands and watches all have satellite positioning capabilities and are typically equipped with antennas to receive satellite positioning signals. For example, the Global Positioning System (GPS), which implements satellite positioning, transmits GPS satellite signals to the ground in the form of circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. If the GPS receiving antenna is linearly polarized, it will cause an inherent 3dB polarization mismatch loss, reducing the received signal quality. However, if the GPS antenna is designed as a circularly polarized antenna, the polarization mismatch loss can be significantly reduced, ensuring the device's positioning function.

[0003] Related art provides a circularly polarized antenna comprising a radiator, a mainboard, a feed structure, and at least one ground terminal. The feed structure is connected between the radiator and the mainboard, while the ground terminal is connected to the radiator at one end and to the mainboard via an inductor or capacitor at the other. This structure requires a capacitor or inductor between the radiator and the mainboard, which increases structural complexity and production costs. Furthermore, due to the parasitic resistance of the lumped element itself, the antenna's radiation efficiency is partially compromised, making it difficult to achieve a high overall efficiency.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a circularly polarized antenna with a simple structure, which helps to reduce structural complexity and production costs, and helps to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0006] The present application also provides an electronic device with a simple structure, reduced manufacturing costs, improved production efficiency, and reduced antenna energy consumption, thereby ensuring the practicality and reliability of the electronic device.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a circularly polarized antenna, comprising:

[0008] Motherboard;

[0009] Radiant, ring-shaped;

[0010] A feeding structure is provided between the mainboard and the radiator, and the mainboard is electrically connected to the radiator through the feeding structure;

[0011] The perturbation structure is located between the main board and the radiator and is configured to perturb the resonant electromagnetic field formed by the radiator.

[0012] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a housing and the circularly polarized antenna as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circularly polarized antenna provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0014] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a first current and a first current intensity region on a radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a second current and a second current intensity region on a radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an overlapping area on a radiator provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0017] 5 is a schematic diagram of an overlapping region, a first high current region, a second high current region, a perturbation structure, and a feeding structure on a radiator according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the frequencies of the first linearly polarized wave and the second linearly polarized wave and the contribution of the linearly polarized wave to the total radiation field according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] 7 is a schematic diagram of a perturbation structure and a feeding structure for achieving right-handed circular polarization on a radiator when the perturbation structure is configured as a block, provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiator when a block-shaped perturbation structure is provided in two parts according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a perturbation structure and a feeding structure for realizing left-handed circular polarization on a radiator when a block-shaped perturbation structure is provided in two parts according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a perturbation structure and a feeding structure for achieving right-handed circular polarization on a radiator when the perturbation structure is configured as a block, provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a block-shaped perturbation structure provided on a mainboard according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a block-shaped perturbation structure on a main board provided in an embodiment of the present application when the block-shaped perturbation structure is configured as two parts;

[0025] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a perturbation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided in a block shape and is not connected to the main board and the radiator;

[0026] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a perturbation structure provided in an embodiment of the present application configured as a recessed structure;

[0027] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a perturbation structure and a feeding structure for achieving left-handed circular polarization on a radiator when the perturbation structure is set as a recessed structure, provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a perturbation structure and a feeding structure for achieving right-handed circular polarization on a radiator when the perturbation structure is set as a recessed structure, provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of a case where the perturbation structure of the concave structure on the radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application is configured as two parts;

[0030] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of a perturbation structure and a feeding structure for achieving right-handed circular polarization when the perturbation structure of the concave structure on the radiator is configured as two parts, provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of a perturbation structure and a feeding structure for achieving left-handed circular polarization when the perturbation structure of the recessed structure on the radiator is configured as two parts, provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] 1. Mainboard; 2. Radiator; 3. Feed structure; 4. Perturbation structure; 5. Glass dial. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following describes the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and can refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. A person of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand the meaning of the above terms in this application according to the circumstances.

[0036] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0037] The present invention provides a circularly polarized antenna. As shown in Figures 1-13, the circularly polarized antenna includes a mainboard 1, a radiator 2, a feed structure 3, and a perturbation structure 4. The radiator 2 is annular; the feed structure 3 is disposed between the mainboard 1 and the radiator 2, and the mainboard 1 is electrically connected to the radiator 2 via the feed structure 3; the perturbation structure 4 is located between the mainboard 1 and the radiator 2 and is configured to perturb the resonant electromagnetic field between the radiator 2 and the mainboard 1.

[0038] It can be understood that by arranging the feeding structure 3 on the radiator 2 to excite the first linear polarized wave and the second linear polarized wave with orthogonal directions and equal amplitudes, a resonant electromagnetic field is formed, and by arranging the perturbation structure 4 to disturb the above electromagnetic field, that is, to change the resonant frequency of the first linear polarized wave and the second linear polarized wave, the phase difference between the first linear polarized wave and the second linear polarized wave is π / 2, thereby realizing circular polarization.

[0039] The circularly polarized antenna provided in the present application provides a first linearly polarized wave and a second linearly polarized wave with perpendicular oscillation directions and the same amplitude and resonant frequency to the radiator 2 through a feeding structure 3, thereby forming a resonant electromagnetic field. By providing a perturbation structure 4, the resonant electromagnetic field generated by the radiator 2 is disturbed, that is, the resonant frequencies of the first linearly polarized wave and the second linearly polarized wave are changed, so that the first linearly polarized wave and the second linearly polarized wave change with the frequency, and the phase difference between the first linearly polarized wave and the second linearly polarized wave is basically π / 2, thereby achieving circular polarization. The structure of this embodiment is simple, and the provision of structures such as ground terminals, capacitors, or inductors is avoided, which helps to reduce the complexity of the structure and production costs, and helps to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0040] In Figure 6, the horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents the contribution of the linearly polarized wave to the total radiated field. The M curve shows the relationship between the frequency of the first linearly polarized wave and its contribution to the total radiated field. The frequency corresponding to the vertex of the M curve is the resonant frequency of the first linearly polarized wave. The N curve shows the relationship between the frequency and amplitude of the second linearly polarized wave. The frequency corresponding to the vertex of the N curve is the resonant frequency of the second linearly polarized wave.

[0041] When not perturbed by perturbation structure 4, the resonant frequency of the first linearly polarized wave is the same as the resonant frequency of the second linearly polarized wave, and their amplitudes are the same, so the M curve and the N curve coincide. After being perturbed by perturbation structure 4, the resonant frequency of the first linearly polarized wave and the resonant frequency of the second linearly polarized wave become different. As shown in Figure 6, the contributions of the first linearly polarized wave and the second linearly polarized wave to the total radiation field reach peak values ​​at different frequencies, resulting in a phase difference between the first and second linearly polarized waves of approximately π / 2, thereby achieving circular polarization.

[0042] In some embodiments, the mainboard 1 is configured as a printed circuit board (PCB) on which circuits and other components are disposed. The structure of the mainboard 1 and the types and quantities of components can refer to relevant technologies.

[0043] In some embodiments, the radiator 2 is a metal ring, and the circumference of the radiator 2 is one wavelength of the operating frequency of the circularly polarized antenna. The radiator 2 can be made of copper, aluminum, or other materials with good electrical conductivity.

[0044] In some embodiments, the ring structure of the radiator 2 may be a circular ring, or a triangular ring, a rectangular ring, a diamond ring, a rounded rectangular ring, or other polygonal rings.

[0045] For example, the inner and outer walls of radiator 2 are both circular and coaxially arranged, ensuring that the width of radiator 2 is uniform throughout, facilitating processing. The end surface of radiator 2 facing motherboard 1 and the end surface facing away from motherboard 1 are both parallel to motherboard 1, facilitating production and processing. It is understood that the axis of radiator 2 is perpendicular to motherboard 1.

[0046] In some embodiments, the plane where the mainboard 1 is located is substantially parallel to the plane where the radiator 2 is located, and a distance is formed between the two.

[0047] For example, the distance between the mainboard 1 and the radiator 2 is L. Wherein, M is the circumference of the radiator 2. Setting a smaller distance between the mainboard 1 and the radiator 2 is beneficial to reducing the thickness of the circularly polarized antenna and the electronic device, reducing the space occupied by the circularly polarized antenna, and improving practicality.

[0048] In one embodiment, For example, you can set or In other embodiments, the value of L can also be adaptively adjusted according to actual needs.

[0049] In some embodiments, the perturbation structure 4 is electrically connected to the radiator 2 , which facilitates the processing of the radiator 2 and helps simplify the processing of the circularly polarized antenna.

[0050] In some embodiments, the perturbation structure 4 is electrically connected to the mainboard 1. For example, the projection of the perturbation structure 4 on the plane of the radiator 2 at least partially overlaps with the radiator 2. In this embodiment, the perturbation structure 4 is directly disposed on the radiator 2 or the mainboard 1. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG13 , the perturbation structure 4 may be disconnected from both the radiator 2 and the mainboard 1. The perturbation structure 4 may be fixed between the radiator 2 and the mainboard 1 via another external insulating structure and electrically connected to the radiator 2 or the mainboard 1 via a wire or other conductor. It is understood that the external insulating structure described above cannot disturb the electromagnetic field between the radiator 2 and the mainboard 1.

[0051] In this embodiment, the perturbation structure 4 is block-shaped and located between the main board 1 and the radiator.

[0052] Exemplarily, the perturbation structure 4 is provided protrudingly on the main board 1 or the radiator 2 .

[0053] For example, the perturbation structure 4 can be welded to the mainboard 1 or the radiator 2 , or can be integrally formed with the radiator 2 .

[0054] In one embodiment, the perturbation structure 4 is disposed on one of the mainboard 1 and the radiator 2 and is insulated from the other of the mainboard 1 and the radiator 2. The vertical distance between the radiator 2 and the mainboard 1 is set to a first height, and the perturbation structure 4 is disposed on one of the mainboard 1 and the radiator 2 and the height between the perturbation structure 4 and the other of the mainboard 1 and the radiator 2 is set to a second height, with the first height being greater than the second height or the first height being less than the second height, so that the perturbation structure 4 perturbs the electromagnetic field between the radiator 2 and the mainboard 1. The phrase "being insulated from the other of the mainboard 1 and the radiator 2" mentioned above can be achieved by spacing the perturbation structure 4 from the mainboard 1 and the other of the radiator 2 to achieve an insulating arrangement. When the perturbation structure 4 is connected to the radiator 2, the perturbation structure 4 can also extend onto the mainboard 1 and contact the insulating portion of the mainboard 1 to achieve the aforementioned "insulating arrangement."

[0055] For example, the extension direction of the perturbation structure 4 is arc-shaped, and the axis of the perturbation structure 4 is collinear with the axis of the radiator 2. The above arrangement facilitates determination of the arrangement position of the perturbation structure 4.

[0056] In this embodiment, the width of the perturbation structure 4 may be the same as or different from the width of the radiator 2 . For example, the width of the perturbation structure 4 may be the same as the width of the radiator 2 , which is convenient for production and processing.

[0057] It is worth noting that radiator 2 can generate a first linearly polarized wave and a second linearly polarized wave. The first linearly polarized wave and the second linearly polarized wave have perpendicular oscillation directions and the same amplitude and resonant frequency. The first linearly polarized wave and the second linearly polarized wave can respectively excite a first current and a second current in mutually perpendicular directions on radiator 2.

[0058] The first current forms a first current intensity region A on radiator 2. This region is the area on radiator 2 where the first current is greater than zero. The first current intensity region A is an arc-shaped region, with its axis collinear with the axis of radiator 2. There are two first current intensity regions A, which are substantially symmetrical about the center of radiator 2. The midpoint of each first current intensity region A is located at the point of maximum current value (the first antinode) of the first current. The central angle corresponding to each first current intensity region A is less than 180 degrees (°). Taking Figures 2, 4, and 5 as an example, the direction of the first current induced in radiator 2 by the first linearly polarized wave is in the X direction. The two first current intensity regions A are arranged on the upper and lower sides of radiator 2 along the front-to-back direction, respectively located in the upper and lower halves of radiator 2. Optionally, the direction of the first current induced in radiator 2 by the first linearly polarized wave can also be in the Y direction. The two first current intensity regions A are arranged on the left and right sides of radiator 2 along the Y direction, respectively located in the left and right halves of radiator 2.

[0059] It should be noted that in Figure 2 , point O is the center of radiator 2, point P is the first antinode, and the arrows distributed circumferentially within the ring of radiator 2 indicate the direction of the first current. The figure only shows the direction of the first current from left to right; the direction of the first current can also be from right to left. The density of the arrows represents the magnitude of the first current. Arrows within the first current intensity region A are denser, while arrows outside of this region are sparser. The number of arrows represents only the relative magnitude of the first current and does not represent its magnitude.

[0060] The second current forms a second current intensity region B on the radiator 2. The second current intensity region B is the region on the radiator 2 where the second current is greater than 0. The second current intensity region B is an arc-shaped region, and the axis of the second current intensity region B is collinear with the axis of the radiator 2. There are two second current intensity regions B, and they are basically symmetrical about the center of the radiator 2. The midpoint of each second current intensity region B is located at the point where the current value of the second current is maximum (the second antinode). The central angle corresponding to each second current intensity region B is less than 180°. Taking Figures 3, 4, and 5 as an example, the direction of the second current excited on the radiator 2 by the second linearly polarized wave is the Y direction. The two second current intensity regions B are arranged on the left and right sides of the radiator 2 along the Y direction on the radiator 2, and the two second current intensity regions B are respectively located in the left and right halves of the radiator 2. Optionally, the direction of the second current excited on the radiator 2 by the second linearly polarized wave may also be in the X direction, with two second current intensity regions B arranged on the upper and lower sides of the radiator 2 along the Y direction, with the two second current intensity regions B located in the upper and lower halves of the radiator 2, respectively. Both the X and Y directions are perpendicular to the axial direction of the radiator 2, and the X and Y directions are mutually perpendicular. Furthermore, the line connecting the two first antinodes is perpendicular to the line connecting the two second antinodes.

[0061] It should be noted that in Figure 3 , point O is the center of radiator 2, point Q is the second antinode, and the arrows distributed circumferentially within the ring of radiator 2 indicate the direction of the second current. The figure only shows the direction of the second current from top to bottom; the second current direction can also be from bottom to top. The density of the arrows represents the magnitude of the current. Arrows within the second current intensity region B are denser, while arrows outside of the second current intensity region B are sparser. The number of arrows represents only the relative magnitude of the second current and does not represent its numerical value.

[0062] Exemplarily, the projection of the perturbation structure 4 on the radiator 2 at least partially covers the first antinode, for example, the projection of the center line of the perturbation structure 4 on the radiator 2 coincides with the first antinode. It is understandable that the center line of the perturbation structure 4 extends radially along the radiator 2.

[0063] In some embodiments, the projection of the midline of the perturbation structure 4 on the radiator 2 and the connection between the feed structure 3 and the radiator 2 form an arc α in a first circumferential direction, where α∈(0°, 90°)∪(180°, 270°) or α∈(120°, 180°)∪(300°, 360°); wherein the first circumferential direction is a counterclockwise circumferential direction facing the top of the radiator 2. The surface of the radiator 2 facing the mainboard 1 is defined as the bottom surface of the radiator 2, and the perturbation structure 4 and the feed structure 3 are both disposed below the radiator 2. In FIG5 , direction D is the first circumferential direction.

[0064] In other embodiments, α∈(0°, 60°)∪(180°, 240°) or α∈(120°, 180°)∪(300°, 360°).

[0065] In some embodiments, the projection of the center line of the perturbation structure 4 on the radiator and the connection between the feeding structure and the radiator form an arc β in the second surrounding direction, β∈(0°, 90°)∪(180°, 270°) or, β∈(90°, 180°)∪(270°, 360°); wherein the second surrounding direction is a clockwise direction facing the bottom of the radiator.

[0066] In other embodiments, β∈(0°, 60°)∪(180°, 240°) or β∈(120°, 180°)∪(300°, 360°).

[0067] It should be noted that Figures 5, 7, 9, 10, 15, 16, 18 and 19 are all top views of the radiator 1, but for clarity, the feeding structure 3 and the perturbation structure 4 are both represented by solid lines.

[0068] Exemplarily, when α∈(0°, 60°)∪(210°, 270°) or β∈(0°, 60°)∪(210°, 270°), the antenna achieves right-hand circular polarization; when α∈(90°, 180°)∪(270°, 360°) or β∈(90°, 180°)∪(270°, 360°), the antenna achieves left-hand circular polarization.

[0069] In one embodiment, when α∈(30°, 60°)∪(210°, 240°) or β∈(30°, 60°)∪(210°, 240°), the antenna achieves right-hand circular polarization; when α∈(120°, 150°)∪(300°, 330°) or β∈(120°, 150°)∪(300°, 330°), the antenna achieves left-hand circular polarization.

[0070] In fact, with the two second antinodes as the center, the central angles corresponding to the two second current intensity regions B are both approximately 120°, and with the two first antinodes as the center, the central angles corresponding to the two first current intensity regions A are both approximately 120°, thereby forming four overlapping regions C between the first current intensity regions A and the second current intensity regions B. As shown in FIG4 , the arc ranges corresponding to these four overlapping regions C in the first circumferential direction are approximately (30°, 60°), (210°, 240°), (120°, 150°), and (300°, 330°), respectively. The feeding structure 3 is arranged in the overlapping region C to achieve circular polarization.

[0071] In some embodiments, the arc ranges corresponding to the four overlapping regions C in the second circumferential direction are approximately (30°, 60°), (210°, 240°), (120°, 150°), and (300°, 330°), respectively. The feeding structure 3 is arranged in the overlapping region C to achieve circular polarization.

[0072] For ease of understanding, the formation of a circularly polarized wave is described by taking the case where the midpoint of the perturbation structure 4 is located at the first antinode of the first current as an example.

[0073] For the first linearly polarized wave, the center of the perturbation structure 4 is located on the first antinode. The perturbation structure 4 is block-shaped and located between the main board 1 and the radiator 2. It is set on the radiator 2 or the main board 1, so that the resonant frequency of the first linearly polarized wave is increased.

[0074] For the second linearly polarized wave, the center of perturbation structure 4 is located at the second wave node. Perturbation structure 4 is arranged in a block-like protrusion on radiator 2 or mainboard 1, which reduces the resonant frequency of the second linearly polarized wave. It can be understood that the second wave node is the point where the second current has a minimum current value, and the first antinode coincides with the second wave node.

[0075] That is, the perturbation structure 4 changes the resonant frequency of the first linearly polarized wave and the second linearly polarized wave, causing the phase difference between the first linearly polarized wave and the second linearly polarized wave to be π / 2. It can be understood that when the length of the perturbation structure 4 in the circumferential direction of the radiator 2 is small, the adaptability of the width and height of the perturbation structure 4 increases; when the width of the perturbation structure 4 is small, the adaptability of the length and height of the perturbation structure 4 in the circumferential direction of the radiator 2 increases; and when the height of the perturbation structure 4 is small, the adaptability of the length and width of the perturbation structure 4 in the circumferential direction of the radiator 2 increases.

[0076] Furthermore, when the perturbation structure 4 is disposed on the mainboard 1, the surface of the perturbation structure 4 facing the radiator 2 may be, for example, substantially parallel to the radiator 2. When the perturbation structure 4 is disposed on the radiator 2, the surface of the perturbation structure 4 facing the mainboard 1 may be, for example, parallel to the mainboard 1. This avoids the problem of having one end of the perturbation structure 4 being too high, which would make it difficult to install a circularly polarized antenna or other structures in an electronic device, and facilitates production and processing.

[0077] In one embodiment, the feeding structure 3 is electrically connected to the radiator 2 but is not connected to the perturbation structure 4 .

[0078] Exemplarily, the central angle corresponding to the perturbation structure 4 is less than 180°, so as to avoid the perturbation structure 4 being too long and affecting the perturbation effect on the electromagnetic field.

[0079] In some embodiments, the central angle of the perturbation structure 4 is less than 120°. In some embodiments, the projection of the midline of the perturbation structure 4 on the plane where the radiator 2 is located at least partially coincides with the first antinode or the second antinode.

[0080] Optionally, the perturbation structure 4 includes two parts arranged at intervals along the circumference of the radiator 2, and the central angle corresponding to each part is less than 90°, which is conducive to shortening the length of each perturbation structure 4, facilitating the avoidance of circularly polarized antennas or other structures in electronic equipment, and simplifying the difficulty of assembling electronic equipment.

[0081] Optionally, the perturbation structure 4 includes two parts spaced apart, and the two parts are symmetrically arranged on both sides of a line connecting the two first antinodes or a line connecting the two second antinodes. When α∈(0°, 90°)∪(180°, 270°), the antenna achieves right-hand circular polarization, and when α∈(90°, 180°)∪(270°, 360°), the antenna achieves left-hand circular polarization.

[0082] Optionally, the perturbation structure 4 is disposed on the main board 1 or in the gap between the main board 1 and the radiator 2, and the projections of the two parts on the plane where the radiator 2 is located are symmetrical about the line connecting the two first antinodes. The curvatures of the two parts may be the same or different.

[0083] Optionally, referring to Figures 4 and 5, the perturbation structure 4 is arranged on the radiator 2, and the projection of the perturbation structure 4 on the plane where the radiator 2 is located is symmetrical about the line between the two first wave nodes, and the first wave node coinciding with the projection of the midline of the perturbation structure 4 on the radiator 2 and the arc α∈(0°, 90°) formed by the line between the connection point of the feeding structure 3 and the radiator 2 in the first circumferential direction, the antenna corresponding to the feeding structure 3 realizes right-hand circular polarization.

[0084] For the sake of clarity, FIG5 only shows a first high current area A and a second high current area B.

[0085] Optionally, referring to Figure 7, the perturbation structure 4 is arranged on the radiator 2, and the projection of the perturbation structure 4 on the plane where the radiator 2 is located is symmetrical about the line between the two first wave nodes, and α∈(270°, 360°), and the antenna corresponding to the feeding structure 3 realizes left-hand circular polarization.

[0086] Alternatively, referring to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , the perturbation structure 4 includes two parts spaced apart and arranged on the radiator 2 .

[0087] In one embodiment, the two parts are respectively located in the upper half and the lower half of the radiator 2, and α∈(0°, 90°)∪(180°, 270°). At this time, the projection of each part on the plane where the radiator 2 is located is symmetrical about the line connecting the two first antinodes, and the antenna corresponding to the feeding structure 3 realizes right-hand circular polarization.

[0088] Optionally, referring to FIG. 10 , the perturbation structure 4 includes two parts spaced apart and arranged on the radiator 2 .

[0089] For example, the two parts are located in the upper and lower halves of the radiator 2, respectively, and α∈(90°, 180°)∪(270°, 360°). In this case, the projection of each part on the plane where the radiator 2 is located is symmetrical about the line connecting the two first antinodes, and the antenna corresponding to the feeding structure 3 achieves left-hand circular polarization.

[0090] Optionally, referring to Figure 11, the perturbation structure 4 is arranged on the main board 1, and the projection of the perturbation structure 4 on the plane where the radiator 2 is located at least partially overlaps with the radiator 2, and the projection of the midline of the perturbation structure 4 on the plane where the radiator 2 is located at least partially overlaps with any first wave node.

[0091] Optionally, referring to FIG. 12 , the perturbation structure 4 includes two parts spaced apart on the main board 1 , and a projection of each part on the plane where the radiator 2 is located at least partially overlaps with the radiator 2 .

[0092] In one embodiment, the projection of each portion on the plane where the radiator 2 is located is symmetrical about the line connecting the two first antinodes.

[0093] Optionally, referring to Figure 13, the perturbation structure 4 is arranged between the main board 1 and the radiator 2, the projection of the perturbation structure 4 on the plane where the radiator 2 is located at least partially overlaps with the radiator 2, and the projection of the perturbation structure 4 on the plane where the radiator 2 is located is symmetrical about the line between the two first wave nodes.

[0094] In one embodiment, the perturbation structure 4 is a solid structure, such as a solid block, and can be directly integrally formed with the radiator 2, or directly welded to the radiator 2 or the mainboard 1 via an arc-shaped metal strip structure, facilitating production and processing. In some embodiments, the perturbation structure 4 can also be configured as a shell, that is, the interior of the perturbation structure 4 is hollow, which helps reduce the weight of the circularly polarized antenna and improves practicality. For example, an insulating block structure can be fixed to the radiator 2, and the perturbation structure 4 can be a metal layer covering the outside of the insulating block structure.

[0095] Similarly, radiator 2 can also be a solid structure or a hollow shell-like structure. When perturbation structure 4 is a solid structure, radiator 2 is also a solid structure, and radiator 2 and perturbation structure 4 can be directly welded. When perturbation structure 4 is configured as a shell, radiator 2 is also a shell-like structure. Radiator 2 is a metal layer coated on the outside of an insulating ring. The insulating ring is integrally provided with an insulating block-like structure, and perturbation structure 4 is a metal layer coated on the outside of the insulating block-like structure.

[0096] In one embodiment, a functional module is provided on the mainboard 1, and a feed structure 3 is disposed between the radiator 2 and the mainboard 1. A first end of the feed structure 3 is electrically connected to the radiator 2, and a second end of the feed structure 3 is electrically connected to the functional module. In this embodiment, the functional module is a GPS module. Reference may be made to related art for the functional module. In other embodiments, the functional module may be other modules.

[0097] In one embodiment, the feeding structure 3 and the mainboard 1 are connected by welding, and the feeding structure 3 and the radiator 2 can be welded or integrally formed.

[0098] In one embodiment, a projection plane and a projection direction are set. The projection plane is located on a side of the main board 1 away from the radiator 2 and is arranged parallel to the main board 1. The projection direction is perpendicular to the projection plane. The projection of the feeding structure 3 along the projection direction in the projection plane is located outside the projection range of the perturbation structure 4 along the projection direction in the projection plane.

[0099] As shown in FIG. 14 to FIG. 19 , this embodiment provides another circularly polarized antenna, and its structure is basically the same as the above circularly polarized antenna, with only some differences in the structure of the perturbation structure 4 . The same structures as in the above text will not be described in detail in the following text.

[0100] For example, the perturbation structure 4 is a recessed structure disposed in the radiator 2, with the opening of the recessed structure facing the mainboard 1. In other words, the perturbation structure 4 is configured as a groove, recessed in the radiator 2. This arrangement allows the perturbation structure 4 to be formed by slotting, thereby perturbing the electromagnetic field between the radiator 2 and the mainboard 1, reducing the weight of the radiator 2, and thereby reducing the weight of the circularly polarized antenna and electronic device, improving their practicality, and also helping to reduce material costs.

[0101] For ease of understanding, the case where the midpoint of the perturbation structure 4 is located on the first antinode of the first current is taken as an example to illustrate how the antenna achieves circular polarization.

[0102] For the first linearly polarized wave, the center of the perturbation structure 4 is located on the first antinode, and the perturbation structure 4 is recessed on the radiator 2 , so that the resonant frequency of the first linearly polarized wave is reduced.

[0103] For the second linearly polarized wave, the center of the perturbation structure 4 is located at the second wave node, and the perturbation structure 4 is recessed on the radiator 2 , so that the resonant frequency of the second linearly polarized wave is increased.

[0104] That is, the perturbation structure 4 changes the resonant frequency of the first linearly polarized wave and the second linearly polarized wave, causing the phase difference between the first linearly polarized wave and the second linearly polarized wave to be π / 2. It can be understood that when the length of the perturbation structure 4 in the circumferential direction of the radiator 2 is small, the adaptability of the width and slot depth of the perturbation structure 4 increases; when the width of the perturbation structure 4 is small, the adaptability of the length and slot depth of the perturbation structure 4 in the circumferential direction of the radiator 2 increases; and when the slot depth of the perturbation structure 4 is small, the adaptability of the length and width of the perturbation structure 4 in the circumferential direction of the radiator 2 increases.

[0105] In addition, the bottom surface of the groove of the perturbation structure 4 is arranged toward the main board 1 . For example, the bottom surface of the groove of the perturbation structure 4 may be parallel to the main board 1 , which is convenient for production and processing.

[0106] The perturbation structure 4 is set to a concave structure, and in the first circumferential direction, when α∈(0, 90°)∪(180°, 270°), left-hand circular polarization is achieved.

[0107] In one embodiment, α∈(0, 60°)∪(180°, 240°).

[0108] In other embodiments, α∈(30°, 60°)∪(210°, 240°).

[0109] When α∈(90, 180°)∪(270°, 360°), right-hand circular polarization is achieved.

[0110] In one embodiment, α∈(120, 180°)∪(300°, 360°).

[0111] In other embodiments, α∈(120°, 150°)∪(300°, 330°).

[0112] 14 and 15 , the perturbation structure 4 is a concave structure and is disposed on the radiator 2 , the perturbation structure 4 is symmetrical about the line connecting the two first antinodes, and α∈(270°, 360°), and the antenna realizes right-hand circular polarization.

[0113] Optionally, referring to Figure 16, the perturbation structure 4 is a concave structure and is arranged on the radiator 2. The perturbation structure 4 is symmetrical about the line connecting the two first wave nodes, and α∈(0, 90°). At this time, the projection of the perturbation structure 4 on the plane where the radiator 2 is located is symmetrical about the line connecting the two first wave nodes, and the antenna realizes left-hand circular polarization.

[0114] Optionally, referring to Figures 17 and 18, the perturbation structure 4 is a concave structure and is arranged on the radiator 2. The perturbation structure 4 includes two parts that are spaced apart, and the two parts are symmetrical about the line connecting the two first wave nodes, and α∈(90°, 180°)∪(270°, 360°), and the antenna realizes right-hand circular polarization.

[0115] Optionally, referring to Figure 19, the perturbation structure 4 is a concave structure and is arranged on the radiator 2. The perturbation structure 4 includes two parts that are spaced apart, and the two parts are symmetrical about the line connecting the two first wave nodes, and α∈(0°, 90°)∪(180°, 270°), and the antenna realizes left-hand circular polarization.

[0116] In some embodiments, the perturbation structure is configured as a concave structure, and in the second circumferential direction, when β∈(0, 90°)∪(180°, 270°), left-hand circular polarization is achieved.

[0117] In other embodiments, β∈(0, 60°)∪(180°, 240°).

[0118] In one embodiment, β∈(30°, 60°)∪(210°, 240°).

[0119] When β∈(90°, 180°)∪(270°, 360°), right-hand circular polarization is achieved.

[0120] In some embodiments, β∈(120, 180°)∪(300°, 360°).

[0121] In other embodiments, β∈(120°, 150°)∪(300°, 330°).

[0122] Optionally, the perturbation structure 4 is a concave structure and is provided on the radiator 2 , the perturbation structure 4 is symmetrical about the line connecting the two first antinodes, and β∈(270°, 360°), and the antenna realizes right-hand circular polarization.

[0123] Optionally, the perturbation structure 4 is a concave structure and is arranged on the radiator 2. The perturbation structure 4 is symmetrical about the line connecting the two first wave nodes, and β∈(0, 90°). At this time, the projection of the perturbation structure 4 on the plane where the radiator 2 is located is symmetrical about the line connecting the two first wave nodes, and the antenna realizes left-hand circular polarization.

[0124] Optionally, the perturbation structure 4 is a concave structure and is arranged on the radiator 2. The perturbation structure 4 includes two parts arranged at intervals, the two parts are symmetrical about the line connecting the two first wave nodes, and β∈(90°, 180°)∪(270°, 360°), and the antenna realizes right-hand circular polarization.

[0125] Optionally, the perturbation structure 4 is a concave structure and is arranged on the radiator 2. The perturbation structure 4 includes two parts arranged at intervals, the two parts are symmetrical about the line connecting the two first wave nodes, and β∈(0°, 90°)∪(180°, 270°), and the antenna realizes left-hand circular polarization.

[0126] This embodiment further provides an electronic device. For example, the electronic device includes a housing and the circularly polarized antenna described above.

[0127] It can be understood that the circularly polarized antenna and electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application have a simple structure and avoid the provision of structures such as ground terminals, capacitors or inductors, which helps to reduce the complexity of the structure and the implementation cost, and helps to improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0128] The electronic device provided in this embodiment is provided with the circularly polarized antenna. The circularly polarized antenna has a simple structure, reduces manufacturing costs, simplifies the processing process, improves production efficiency, reduces antenna energy consumption, improves the antenna's operating signal strength, and ensures the practicality and reliability of the electronic device.

[0129] In some embodiments, both the motherboard 1 and the radiator 2 are located within the housing. In some embodiments, the housing comprises an annular frame, the motherboard 1 is located within the housing, and the radiator 2 is coaxially connected to one end of the frame, which helps reduce the size of the housing and facilitates miniaturization of the electronic device.

[0130] The electronic device mentioned in this embodiment may be a smart watch, a smart bracelet, smart glasses, smart headphones, smart clothing, etc. In this embodiment, a smart watch is taken as an example to illustrate the structure of the electronic device.

[0131] The electronic device also includes a glass dial 5, which is circular and located in the central through hole of the radiator 2. The glass dial 5 is fixedly connected to the radiator 2 by bonding or other means to protect the internal structure of the electronic device and ensure the practicality and durability of the electronic device.

[0132] In other embodiments, the glass dial 5 may also be located on the side of the radiator 2 opposite to the mainboard 1 .

[0133] Other structures of the electronic device may refer to related technologies.

Claims

1. A circularly polarized antenna, comprising: Mainboard (1); Radiator (2), ring-shaped; A feeding structure (3) is provided between the main board (1) and the radiator (2), and the main board (1) is electrically connected to the radiator (2) via the feeding structure (3); The perturbation structure (4) is located between the main board (1) and the radiator (2), and is configured to perturb the resonant electromagnetic field formed by the radiator (2).

2. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The perturbation structure (4) is electrically connected to the radiator (2) or the main board (1).

3. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The extension direction of the perturbation structure (4) is arc-shaped, the axis of the perturbation structure (4) is collinear with the axis of the radiator (2), and the central angle corresponding to the perturbation structure (4) is less than 180°.

4. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 3, wherein: The perturbation structure (4) comprises two parts spaced apart along the circumference of the radiator (2), and the central angle corresponding to each of the two parts is less than 90°.

5. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The perturbation structure (4) is block-shaped and electrically connected to the main board (1) or the radiator (2).

6. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 5, wherein: The perturbation structure (4) is a solid structure; or the interior of the perturbation structure (4) is hollow.

7. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The perturbation structure (4) is a recessed structure, which is arranged on the radiator (2), and the opening direction of the recessed structure faces the mainboard (1).

8. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: A projection of the center line of the perturbation structure (4) on the radiator (2) and a connection point between the feeding structure (3) and the radiator (2) form an arc α in a first circumferential direction, α∈(0°, 90°)∪(180°, 270°) or α∈(90°, 180°)∪(270°, 360°); The first circling direction is a counterclockwise circling direction facing the top of the radiator (2).

9. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 8, wherein: α∈(0°, 60°)∪(180°, 240°) or, α∈(120°, 180°)∪(300°, 360°).

10. The circularly polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: A projection plane and a projection direction are set, wherein the projection plane is located on a side of the main board (1) away from the radiator (2) and is arranged parallel to the main board (1), the projection direction is perpendicular to the projection plane, and the projection of the feeding structure (3) along the projection direction within the projection plane is outside the projection range of the perturbation structure (4) along the projection direction within the projection plane.

11. The circularly polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: The distance between the main board (1) and the radiator (2) is L, Wherein, M is the circumference of the radiator (2).

12. The circularly polarized antenna according to claim 11, wherein:

13. An electronic device comprising a housing and the circularly polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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