A high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for biological experiments

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of centrifuge technology, and specifically to a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for biological experiments, comprising: a separation box; a stepped centrifugal mechanism, the stepped centrifugal mechanism comprising a plurality of centrifuge tubes for centrifugal treatment of samples, the bottom ends of the centrifuge tubes are fixedly connected with a discharge barrel, and the bottom ends of the discharge barrels are fixedly connected with a connecting column. Through the stepped centrifugal mechanism, the separation box is divided into four different separation spaces (primary / secondary / tertiary / quaternary separation spaces), and a first gear and a second gear of different diameters are arranged in each separation space, so that the rotation speed of the centrifuge tube in each separation space is different, so that the sample can be centrifuged to different degrees at the same time, so as to reduce the time and operation complexity required for stage-by-stage separation, and multi-stage separation is performed simultaneously on the same device, which greatly shortens the experimental time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of centrifuges, and in particular to a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge used for biological experiments. Background Art

[0002] Biological experiments refer to a series of experimental activities carried out in the field of biology to verify hypotheses, acquire new knowledge or test theories. These experiments usually involve the observation, manipulation and analysis of organisms to understand their structure, function, behavior and their interaction with the environment. Before conducting biological experiments, a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge is usually used to separate the different components in the sample according to density and weight differences through high-speed rotation, and to concentrate the dispersed biological components (such as cells, proteins, nucleic acids, etc.) in a specific area for easy extraction and analysis. These characteristics help to maintain biological activity during the experiment, reduce thermal degradation of samples and denaturation of biomolecules, and achieve the effect of pretreatment. For example, a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for biological experiments disclosed in application number CN202122488890.3 is used to pretreat samples.

[0003] Existing high-speed refrigerated centrifuges are often used in biological and molecular biology experiments to perform multiple separations of samples at different degrees to achieve high-purity and high-resolution separation effects. Therefore, different rotation speeds are used for separations of different degrees to perform step-by-step separation. Existing high-speed refrigerated centrifuges usually separate samples at one rotation speed first when processing samples, and directly increase the rotation speed for subsequent separation after the separation is completed. However, separations of different degrees cannot be performed simultaneously. Therefore, step-by-step separation requires repeated centrifugation steps, and new centrifugation conditions need to be set each time, which increases the overall experimental time and operation difficulty. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for biological experiments, which can effectively solve the problem that the prior art cannot perform different degrees of separation simultaneously.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for biological experiments, comprising:

[0007] Separation box;

[0008] A stepped centrifugal mechanism, the stepped centrifugal mechanism comprising a plurality of centrifuge tubes for centrifugal treatment of samples, placed in a separation box and evenly distributed up and down, the bottom end of the centrifuge tube is fixedly connected to a discharge cylinder, the bottom end of the discharge cylinder is fixedly connected to a connecting column, the outer wall of the connecting column is fixedly connected to a first gear with a decreasing radius from top to bottom, the first gear is magnetically meshed with a second gear with an increasing radius from top to bottom, the inner circumferential wall of the second gear is movably connected to an elastic telescopic rod, and the second gear and the elastic telescopic rod are jointly provided with a limiting assembly, and a rotating connection assembly is provided between every two of the elastic telescopic rods;

[0009] The detection control separation mechanism comprises an infrared emitting board for emitting infrared rays and an infrared receiving board for receiving infrared rays, and the infrared receiving board and the infrared emitting board are located on both sides of the centrifuge tube, and the top of the second gear is fixedly connected with a control component.

[0010] Preferably, the stepped centrifugal mechanism also includes multiple groups of fixed components fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation box and arranged in sequence up and down, each group of the fixed components includes two symmetrical connecting rods, a connecting ring is fixedly connected between the two connecting rods, a bearing is provided on the inner wall of the connecting ring, and the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the connecting column, and each group of the fixed components from top to bottom divides the separation box into a primary separation space, a secondary separation space, a tertiary separation space, and a quaternary separation space.

[0011] Preferably, the inner bottom wall of the separation box is fixedly connected with a motor for driving the elastic telescopic rod, the rotating connection assembly includes a fixed plate arranged between every two elastic telescopic rods, and the outer wall of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation box, the top of the fixed plate is provided with a rotating through hole, and the bottom end of the elastic telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating through hole, the bottom end of the elastic telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a permanent magnet block, the top end of the elastic telescopic rod is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic block that magnetically repels the permanent magnet block, and the infrared receiving board, the infrared transmitting board, and the electromagnetic block electrical signals are connected to a PLC controller to form a centrifugal loop.

[0012] Preferably, the control component includes a plurality of plastic springs fixedly connected to each second gear, the upper end of the plastic spring is fixedly connected to an electromagnetic plate, the electromagnetic plate is fixedly sleeved on the fixed end of the elastic telescopic rod, the electromagnetic plate and the top of the second gear magnetically repel each other, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to the electromagnetic plate to form a control loop.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a discharging mechanism, which includes a plurality of suction pumps fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation box, the outer peripheral walls of the plurality of discharge barrels are rotatably connected to a discharge ring, except for the suction ends of the plurality of suction pumps at the bottom, all are fixedly connected to a suction pipe, the other end of the suction pipe is fixedly connected to the discharge ring, the discharge end of the suction pump is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe, the other end of the discharge pipe is fixedly connected to an adapter, the other end of the adapter is fixedly connected to a telescopic discharge pipe, and the other end of the telescopic discharge pipe is fixedly connected to a discharge head.

[0014] Preferably, the discharge end of the suction pump at the bottom is fixedly connected to a feed pipe, and the other end of the feed pipe is detachably connected to a receiving box. The outer wall of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to a first electric telescopic rod, and the telescopic end of the first electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the discharge head.

[0015] Preferably, a sealing port is provided at the bottom end of each of the plurality of connecting columns, and the inner top wall of the sealing port is rotatably connected to a second electric telescopic rod, the telescopic end of the second electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a sealing plug, and the sealing plug is in contact with or separated from the centrifuge tube, and the PLC controller is electrically signal-connected to the first electric telescopic rod, the second electric telescopic rod, and the feed pump to form a discharge circuit.

[0016] Preferably, a feed discharge port is provided at the top of the separation box, and the inner wall of the feed discharge port is airtightly blocked with a sealing cover plate, a feed collection port is provided on the outer wall of the separation box, and a cabinet door is airtightly hinged in the feed collection port, and a handle is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cabinet door.

[0017] Compared with the known prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] Through the stepped centrifugal mechanism, the separation box is divided into four different separation spaces (primary / secondary / tertiary / quaternary separation spaces). First gears and second gears of different diameters are arranged in each separation space, so that the rotation speed of the centrifuge tube in each separation space is different, so that the samples can be centrifuged to different degrees at the same time, so as to reduce the time and operation complexity required for step-by-step separation, and multi-stage separation can be carried out simultaneously on the same equipment, which greatly shortens the experimental time. When the centrifuge tube in a certain separation space does not need to rotate, the PLC controller controls the electromagnetic block to be energized to generate repulsive force so that the elastic telescopic rod does not rotate, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0019] The infrared emitting plate emits infrared rays, which pass through the sample in the transparent centrifuge tube and are received by the infrared receiving plate. During the centrifugation process, the sample will gradually be stratified. The sediment layer (substance with higher density) has stronger scattering and absorption of light and lower transmittance, while the supernatant (substance with lower density) has weaker scattering and absorption of light and higher transmittance. When centrifugation is in progress, the transmittance will change with the stratification of the sample. When the transmittance of the sediment layer and the supernatant layer does not change for a long time, it indicates that the centrifugation process has been completed. Then the PLC controller controls the pump to transfer the separated sample to the next separation space or collection box. The whole process does not require human intervention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 The cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 3 The cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of part A;

[0025] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of part B;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a partial cross-sectional three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure numerals: 1, separation box; 2, step-by-step centrifugal mechanism; 21, centrifugal tube; 22, discharge barrel; 23, connecting column; 24, first gear; 25, second gear; 26, elastic telescopic rod; 27, rotating connection assembly; 271, fixed plate; 272, rotating through hole; 273, permanent magnet block; 274, electromagnetic block; 28, fixed assembly; 281, connecting rod; 282, connecting ring; 29, motor; 3, detection control separation mechanism; 31, infrared emitting board; 32, infrared Wire receiving board; 33. Control component; 331. Plastic spring; 332. Electromagnetic board; 4. Discharging mechanism; 41. Extraction pump; 42. Discharging ring; 43. Extraction pipe; 44. Adapter; 45. Telescopic discharge pipe; 46. Discharging head; 47. Feeding pipe; 48. Receiving box; 49. First electric telescopic rod; 410. Sealing port; 411. Second electric telescopic rod; 412. Sealing plug; 413. Discharging pipe; 5. Feeding port; 6. Sealing cover plate; 7. Feeding port; 8. Cabinet door. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0031] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 7 , a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for biological experiments, comprising: a separation box 1

[0032] The sample can be separated into different degrees at the same time by the step-by-step centrifugal mechanism 2. Figures 2 to 4 , Figure 7The step-by-step centrifugal mechanism 2 includes a plurality of centrifuge tubes 21 for centrifuging samples, which are placed in the separation box 1 and evenly distributed up and down. The bottom end of the centrifuge tube 21 is fixedly connected to a discharge cylinder 22, and the bottom end of the discharge cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to a connecting column 23. The outer wall of the connecting column 23 is fixedly connected to a first gear 24 with a radius decreasing from top to bottom, and the first gear 24 from top to bottom is magnetically meshed with a second gear 25 with a radius increasing in sequence, and the material of the second gear 25 is modified and added with permanent magnetic powder. The inner circumferential wall of the second gear 25 is movably connected to an elastic telescopic rod 26, and the second gear 25 and the elastic telescopic rod 26 are jointly provided with a limiting assembly, and a rotating connection assembly 27 is provided between every two elastic telescopic rods 26, wherein a limiting block is provided on the inner circumferential wall of the second gear 25, and a slide groove slidably connected to the limiting block is provided on the outer wall of the elastic telescopic rod 26, and the second gear 25 can slide up and down while rotating through the limiting of the limiting block and the slide groove, wherein the centrifuge tube 21 is a transparent tube;

[0033] The step-by-step centrifugal mechanism 2 further includes a plurality of groups of fixed components 28 which are arranged in sequence up and down and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation box 1, each group of fixed components 28 includes two symmetrical connecting rods 281, a connecting ring 282 is fixedly connected between the two connecting rods 281, a bearing is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting ring 282, and the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the connecting column 23. From top to bottom, each group of fixed components 28 divides the separation box 1 into a primary separation space, a secondary separation space, a tertiary separation space, and a quaternary separation space. Through the pre-set size ratio of the first gear 24 and the second gear 25 in each space, the rotation speed of the centrifuge tube 21 in the primary separation space can reach 1000-4000rpm (rpm means rotation speed per minute), the rotation speed of the secondary separation space can reach 10000-20000rpm, the rotation speed of the tertiary separation space can reach 30000-50000rpm, and the rotation speed of the quaternary separation space can reach 50000-100000rpm (the above rotation speeds are respectively set according to cell separation, organelle separation, protein separation, and nucleic acid separation)

[0034] Among them, the inner bottom wall of the separation box 1 is fixedly connected with a motor 29 for driving the elastic telescopic rod 26, the rotating connection assembly 27 includes a fixed plate 271 arranged between every two elastic telescopic rods 26, and the outer wall of the fixed plate 271 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation box 1, and a rotating through hole 272 is opened at the top of the fixed plate 271, and the bottom end of the elastic telescopic rod 26 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating through hole 272, the bottom end of the elastic telescopic rod 26 is fixedly connected with a permanent magnet block 273, and the top end of the elastic telescopic rod 26 is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic block 274 that magnetically repels the permanent magnet block 273, and the infrared receiving board 32, the infrared transmitting board 31, and the electromagnetic block 274 are electrically connected to a PLC controller to form a centrifugal loop.

[0035] By detecting and controlling the separation mechanism 3, the separation degree can be detected and the start and stop can be controlled. Figure 2 , Figure 3 The detection, control and separation mechanism 3 includes an infrared emitting plate 31 for emitting infrared rays and an infrared receiving plate 32 for receiving infrared rays, and the infrared receiving plate 32 and the infrared emitting plate 31 are located on both sides of the centrifuge tube 21, and a control component 33 is fixedly connected to the top of the second gear 25.

[0036] Among them, the control component 33 includes a plurality of plastic springs 331 fixedly connected to each second gear 25, and the upper end of the plastic spring 331 is fixedly connected with an electromagnetic plate 332, and the electromagnetic plate 332 is fixedly sleeved on the fixed end of the elastic telescopic rod 26. The electromagnetic plate 332 and the top of the second gear 25 are magnetically repelled from each other, and the PLC controller is electrically connected to the electromagnetic plate 332 to form a control loop. In the initial state, when the electromagnetic plate 332 is not energized, the first gear 24 and the second gear 25 are not engaged.

[0037] The separated sample can be automatically transferred to the next separation space by the discharge mechanism 4. Figures 2 to 6 , and also includes a discharging mechanism 4, which includes multiple pumping pumps 41 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation box 1, and the outer peripheral walls of the multiple discharging cylinders 22 are rotatably connected with a discharging ring 42. Except for the pumping ends of the multiple pumping pumps 41 at the bottom, they are all fixedly connected with a pumping pipe 43, and the other end of the pumping pipe 43 is fixedly connected with the discharging ring 42. The discharging end of the pumping pump 41 is fixedly connected with a discharging pipe 413, and the other end of the discharging pipe 413 is fixedly connected with an adapter 44, and the other end of the adapter 44 is fixedly connected with a telescopic discharging pipe 45, and the other end of the telescopic discharging pipe 45 is fixedly connected with a discharging head 46. The discharging ring 42 can prevent the pumping pipe 43 from being entangled on the connecting column 23 during the rotation of the centrifuge tube 21. On the top, the discharge end of the suction pump 41 at the bottom is fixedly connected to a feed pipe 47, and the other end of the feed pipe 47 is detachably connected to a receiving box 48. The outer wall of the fixed plate 271 is fixedly connected to a first electric telescopic rod 49, and the telescopic end of the first electric telescopic rod 49 is fixedly connected to the discharge head 46.

[0038] Among them, a sealing port 410 is opened at the bottom end of each of the multiple connecting columns 23, and the inner top wall of the sealing port 410 is rotatably connected to the second electric telescopic rod 411, and the telescopic end of the second electric telescopic rod 411 is fixedly connected to a sealing plug 412, and the sealing plug 412 is in contact with or separated from the centrifuge tube 21. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the first electric telescopic rod 49, the second electric telescopic rod 411, and the feed pump 41 to form a discharge circuit. During the centrifugation process, the sample in the centrifuge tube 21 will be subjected to a strong centrifugal force. If the upper port is not blocked, the sample may overflow, causing contamination and experimental failure. Therefore, the sealing plug 412 is used to seal the centrifuge tube 21 to prevent the sample from being thrown out.

[0039] Among them, a feed discharge port 5 is opened at the top of the separation box 1, and the inner wall of the feed discharge port 5 is airtightly blocked with a sealing cover plate 6, a feed collection port 7 is opened on the outer wall of the separation box 1, and a cabinet door 8 is airtightly hinged in the feed collection port 7, a handle is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cabinet door 8, and a refrigerator for cooling the separation box 1 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the separation box 1.

[0040] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0041] First, the sample to be separated is put into the centrifuge tube 21 at the uppermost end through the discharge port 5, the centrifuge tube 21 is sealed by the sealing plug 412, the sealing cover plate 6 is re-sealed, and the refrigerator is started at the same time, and the temperature in the separation box 1 is cooled by the refrigerator to below 4°C, and the motor 29 is started to drive the elastic telescopic rod 26 to rotate through the motor 29, and then the uppermost electromagnetic plate 332 is energized through the PLC controller, so that the electromagnetic plate 332 magnetically repels the second gear 25 at the uppermost, so that the second gear 25 moves downward (the electromagnetic plate 332 in which separation space is required to rotate the centrifuge tube 21 in which separation space is required to rotate), so that the second gear 25 is meshed with the first gear 24, and the second gear 25 is driven to rotate by the first gear 24, and the connecting column 23 is driven to rotate by the second gear 25, and then the centrifuge tube 21 is driven to rotate synchronously, and then the sample is centrifuged;

[0042] At the same time, infrared rays are emitted through the infrared emitting plate 31, and then irradiated in the centrifuge tube 21, and then irradiated in the infrared receiving plate 32 through the centrifuge tube 21, and the electric signal is emitted to the PLC controller through the infrared receiving plate 32, and then the monitoring module controlled by the PLC performs real-time monitoring of the received infrared rays, wherein the sample will automatically be stratified during the centrifugation process, and separation can be achieved even in the process of high-speed rotation, because under the action of centrifugal force, materials of different densities and sizes will be stratified in the centrifuge tube 21 according to their properties, and the centrifugal force causes the material with higher density to settle to the bottom of the centrifuge tube 21, and the material with lower density remains in the upper part, thereby achieving stratification, and a sedimentation layer and a supernatant will slowly be generated during centrifugation;

[0043] The sediment layer is mainly composed of substances with higher density (such as cells, cell fragments, protein precipitation, etc.). These substances usually contain more solid particles or larger particles, so they will scatter and absorb light more strongly, resulting in lower transmittance.

[0044] Supernatant: mainly composed of substances with low density (such as solvents, small molecules, extracellular matrix, etc.). There are fewer solid particles in these substances, and the particle size is also smaller, so the scattering and absorption of light are weaker, and the transmittance is higher. Therefore, the centrifugation can be detected by infrared detection at the same time. When the transmittance of the sediment layer and the supernatant layer does not change for a long time during centrifugation, it means that the centrifugation is completed.

[0045] The PLC controller controls the motor 29 to be turned off, the extraction pump 41 to be turned on, and the first electric telescopic rod 49 to be started. The separated sample in the discharge barrel 22 is extracted by the extraction pump 41, and then the sample after the first separation is discharged into the discharge head 46 in the centrifuge tube 21 in the secondary separation space through the adapter 44 and the telescopic discharge pipe 45. At the same time, the discharge head 46 is driven by the first electric telescopic rod 49 to move to the top of the centrifuge tube 21, so that the separated sample is discharged into the centrifuge tube 21. The PLC controller controls the second electric telescopic rod 411 to drive the sealing plug 412 to seal the centrifuge tube 21, and at the same time, the sample is continuously placed into the centrifuge tube 21 in the primary separation space through the discharge port 5, and then the centrifuge tubes 21 in the first separation space and the secondary separation space are simultaneously rotated and separated;

[0046] When there is no need to centrifuge the sample in the centrifuge tube 21 in the primary separation space, the electromagnetic block 274 in the primary separation space is energized through the PLC controller, so that the electromagnetic block 274 generates a repulsive force on the permanent magnet block 273 to separate the electromagnetic block 274 from the permanent magnet block 273, thereby causing the elastic telescopic rod 26 below to rotate and the elastic telescopic rod 26 above to stop rotating, thereby reducing energy loss.

[0047] When all separation processes are completed, the separated samples are discharged into the material receiving box 48 through the lowest extraction pump 41, and then taken out by the staff for subsequent processing.

[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for biological experiments, characterized in that: include: Separation box (1); The step-by-step centrifugal mechanism (2) comprises a plurality of centrifuge tubes (21) for centrifuging samples, the plurality of centrifuge tubes (21) being placed in a separation box (1) and evenly distributed up and down, the bottom ends of the centrifuge tubes (21) being fixedly connected to a discharge barrel (22), the bottom ends of the discharge barrel (22) being fixedly connected to a connecting column (23), the outer wall of the connecting column (23) being fixedly connected to a first gear (24) with a radius decreasing from top to bottom, the first gear (24) being magnetically meshed with a plurality of gears (24) from top to bottom. A second gear (25) with a radius that increases successively, the inner peripheral wall of the second gear (25) being movably connected to an elastic telescopic rod (26), and the second gear (25) and the elastic telescopic rod (26) being jointly provided with a limit assembly, a rotating connection assembly (27) being provided between every two of the elastic telescopic rods (26), the rotating connection assembly (27) comprising a fixing plate (271) provided between every two of the elastic telescopic rods (26), and the outer wall of the fixing plate (271) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation box (1); A detection control separation mechanism (3), the detection control separation mechanism (3) comprising an infrared emitting plate (31) for emitting infrared rays and an infrared receiving plate (32) for receiving infrared rays, wherein the infrared receiving plate (32) and the infrared emitting plate (31) are located on both sides of the centrifuge tube (21), and a control component (33) is fixedly connected to the top end of the second gear (25); A discharge mechanism (4), the discharge mechanism (4) comprising a plurality of pumps (41) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation box (1), the outer peripheral walls of the plurality of discharge barrels (22) being rotatably connected to a discharge ring (42), the discharge ends of the plurality of pumps (41) except for the bottom ones are all fixedly connected to a discharge pipe (43), the other end of the discharge pipe (43) is fixedly connected to the discharge ring (42), the discharge end of the pump (41) is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe (413), the other end of the discharge pipe (413) is fixedly connected to an adapter (44), the other end of the adapter (44) is fixedly connected to a telescopic discharge pipe (45), and the other end of the telescopic discharge pipe (45) is fixedly connected to a discharge head (46); The discharge end of the material extraction pump (41) at the bottom is fixedly connected to a material discharge pipe (47), and the other end of the material discharge pipe (47) is detachably connected to a material receiving box (48). The outer wall of the fixed plate (271) is fixedly connected to a first electric telescopic rod (49), and the telescopic end of the first electric telescopic rod (49) is fixedly connected to a material discharge head (46); The bottom ends of the plurality of connecting columns (23) are each provided with a sealing opening (410), the inner top wall of the sealing opening (410) is rotatably connected to a second electric telescopic rod (411), the telescopic end of the second electric telescopic rod (411) is fixedly connected to a sealing plug (412), and the sealing plug (412) is in contact with or separated from the centrifuge tube (21), and the first electric telescopic rod (49), the second electric telescopic rod (411), and the feed pump (41) are electrically connected to a PLC controller to form a discharge circuit.

2. A high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for biological experiments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step-by-step centrifugal mechanism (2) further comprises a plurality of groups of fixed assemblies (28) which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the separation box (1) and are arranged in sequence up and down, each group of the fixed assemblies (28) comprising two symmetrical connecting rods (281), a connecting ring (282) being fixedly connected between the two connecting rods (281), a bearing being arranged on the inner wall of the connecting ring (282), an inner ring of the bearing being fixedly connected to the connecting column (23), and each group of the fixed assemblies (28) from top to bottom divides the separation box (1) into a primary separation space, a secondary separation space, a tertiary separation space, and a quaternary separation space.

3. A high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for biological experiments according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner bottom wall of the separation box (1) is fixedly connected to a motor (29) for driving the elastic telescopic rod (26); the rotating connection assembly (27) further comprises a rotating through hole (272) opened at the top of the fixed plate (271); the bottom end of the elastic telescopic rod (26) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating through hole (272); the bottom end of the elastic telescopic rod (26) is fixedly connected to a permanent magnet block (273); the top end of the elastic telescopic rod (26) is fixedly connected to an electromagnetic block (274) that magnetically repels the permanent magnet block (273); the infrared receiving plate (32), the infrared emitting plate (31), and the electromagnetic block (274) are electrically connected to a PLC controller and form a centrifugal circuit.

4. A high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for biological experiments according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control component (33) comprises a plurality of plastic springs (331) fixedly connected to each second gear (25); an electromagnetic plate (332) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the plastic spring (331); the electromagnetic plate (332) is fixedly sleeved on the fixed end of the elastic telescopic rod (26); the electromagnetic plate (332) and the top of the second gear (25) are magnetically repelled; the PLC controller is electrically signal-connected to the electromagnetic plate (332) to form a control loop.

5. A high-speed refrigerated centrifuge for biological experiments according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the separation box (1) is provided with a discharge port (5), and the inner wall of the discharge port (5) is airtightly sealed with a sealing cover plate (6); the outer wall of the separation box (1) is provided with a feed port (7), and a cabinet door (8) is airtightly hinged in the feed port (7); a handle is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cabinet door (8); and a refrigerator for cooling the separation box (1) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the separation box (1).

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