Multi-task agricultural fruit quality sorting device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a multi-task agricultural fruit quality sorting device. Comprising a feeding device, a vibration screening device, a spiral transmission device, a rack, a visual discharging device and a control cabinet. The feeding device is fixed to one end of the rack, and the vibration screening device is connected below an outlet of the feeding device. The vibration screening devices are divided into different grades, and screening holes of the screening devices of all the grades are arranged to be in a long circle shape. The outlet end of each grade of screening device is fixed with each grade of spiral transmission device; the spiral transmission devices of all the grades conduct chain transmission to convey fruits of different grades to the visual discharging device. According to the visual discharging device, the fruits are controlled to flow out of different discharging ports to a storage box; the control cabinet controls starting and stopping of all the mechanisms. Quantitative conveying from the feeding device to the screening device is achieved, blocking of the screening device and extrusion and collision between fruits are avoided, and nondestructive fruit diameter sorting and fruit surface quality detection are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a multi-task agricultural fruit quality sorting device. Background Art

[0002] The fruit industry plays an important role in modern agriculture and is one of the fruits with the largest planting area and the highest yield in the world. The whole process of fruit operation management from growth to maturity to picking and sorting consumes a lot of time, manpower and material resources, which is difficult to meet the development needs of my country's fruit industry. With the development of science and technology, new fruit quality sorting devices are becoming more and more mature, which greatly improves the efficiency of fruit sorting after harvest, reduces the burden of manual labor and the economic losses in apple storage and transportation. At present, the existing fruit quality sorting equipment on the market can only complete single quality sorting, and the fruit diameter grading channel is prone to blockage. If reasonable protective materials are not selected during the sorting process, it is easy to cause damage to the fruit. In addition, the existing fruit quality sorting machinery belongs to manual auxiliary mechanical equipment, and there is room for further improvement in the degree of automation.

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to design a mechanical equipment that combines fruit diameter screening and surface defect detection on the basis of ensuring the quality and efficiency of quality inspection, and can better solve the apple grading blockage problem of existing fruit diameter screening machinery. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the limitation that the existing fruit quality sorting machinery on the market can only detect a single quality. On the basis of ensuring the quality and efficiency of quality inspection, a mechanical equipment with both fruit diameter grading and surface defect detection is designed.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a multi-task agricultural fruit quality sorting device, comprising a feeding device 1, a vibration screening device 2, a screw transmission device 3, a frame 4, a visual discharging device 5 and a control cabinet 6;

[0006] The feeding device 1 is fixed on one end of the frame 4, and the lower part of the outlet of the feeding device 1 is connected to the vibration screening device 2; the vibration screening device 2 is divided into different levels, and the screen holes of the vibration screening devices of each level are set to be oblong; the outlet end of the vibration screening device of each level is fixed to the spiral transmission device 3 of each level; the spiral transmission device 3 of each level performs chain transmission to transmit fruits of different levels to the visual discharging device 5; according to the visual discharging device 5, the fruits are controlled to flow out from different discharging ports to the storage box;

[0007] The control cabinet 6 is respectively connected to the feeding device 1, the vibration screening device 2, the screw transmission device 3 and the visual discharging device 5 to control the start and stop.

[0008] The feeding device 1 includes a feeding inlet 11, a material conveying guide wheel 12, a reduction motor device 13 and a feeding outlet 14; the feeding inlet 11 and the feeding outlet 14 are respectively located at two ends of the feeding device 1; the material conveying guide wheel 12 is connected to be arranged directly below the feeding inlet 11 through a material conveying shaft 121; the reduction motor device 13 is fixed on the frame 4, and includes a reduction transmission belt 131, a transmission pulley 132 and a reduction motor a133; the reduction motor a133 drives the reduction transmission belt 131, and the transmission pulley 132 rotates; the transmission pulley 132 is connected to the material conveying guide wheel 12 through the material conveying shaft 121; the feeding outlet 14 is used for the entire feeding device 1 to output the material to the next device, the screening device 2.

[0009] The material conveying guide wheel 12 is installed in the feed inlet 11; the reduction motor device 13 is connected to the material conveying guide wheel 12 through a reduction transmission belt 131 to transmit power.

[0010] The vibration screening device 2 is arranged in the frame 4, and includes a first-class fruit screening plate 21, a second-class fruit screening plate 22, a third-class fruit screening plate 23, a fixed plate 24, a second-class fruit collection box 25, a vibration device 26 and a shock-absorbing base 27; the first-class fruit screening plate 21, the second-class fruit screening plate 22, and the third-class fruit screening plate 23 are arranged in order from top to bottom, and the two ends of the three are fixed by four fixed plates 24; the shock-absorbing base 27 is placed at the bottom of the three different grades of screening plates to provide a shock-absorbing effect for the entire vibration screening mechanism 2, the first-class fruit screening plate 21, the second-class fruit screening plate 22, and the third-class fruit screening plate 23 are arranged in order from top to bottom, and the two ends of the three are fixed by four fixed plates 24; the shock-absorbing base 27 is placed at the bottom of the three different grades of screening plates to provide a shock-absorbing effect for the entire vibration screening mechanism 2, The plate 22 and the third-grade fruit screening plate 23 are fixed to the screen plate supporting crossbeam 45 in the frame 4 through a shock-absorbing base 27; the first-grade fruit screening plate 21, the second-grade fruit screening plate 22, and the third-grade fruit screening plate 23 are wrapped with rubber material on the surface; the second-grade fruit collection box 25 is placed directly below the screening plate of the third-grade fruit screening plate 23, and the surface is wrapped with rubber material for collecting apples below the third grade; the vibration device 26 is respectively installed on the side plates of the outlet end of the first-grade fruit screening plate 21, the second-grade fruit screening plate 22, and the third-grade fruit screening plate 23 to provide horizontal force.

[0011] The sieve holes of the first-class fruit screening plate 21, the second-class fruit screening plate 22, and the third-class fruit screening plate 23 become smaller from top to bottom.

[0012] The spiral transmission device 3 is divided into three groups of spiral transmission devices for conveying fruits of different grades, including a first-grade fruit transmission spiral group 31, a second-grade fruit transmission spiral group 32, a third-grade fruit transmission spiral group 33, a reduction motor b34, a first-grade fruit transmission shaft 35, a second-grade fruit transmission shaft 36 and a third-grade fruit transmission shaft 37; the spiral transmission devices at each level are placed below the outlets of the screening plates at each level of the vibrating screening device 2 to collect and convey apples of different grades to the visual discharging device 5; the first-grade fruit transmission spiral group 31, the second-grade fruit transmission spiral group 32 and the third-grade fruit transmission spiral group 33 all include an active screw 311, a driven screw 312, a belt 313, a spiral transmission chain 314, an active spur gear 315 and a driven spur gear 316; the active The screw rod 311 and the driven screw rod 312 are respectively connected to the driving spur gear 315 and the driven spur gear 316 with parallel keys; the driving screw rod 311 transmits power to the driven screw rod 312 through the external meshing of the spur gears; the spiral transmission chain 314 is wound around the driving spur gear 315 and the pulley 317; the belt 313 is wound around the pulley 317 where the first-class fruit transmission shaft 35, the pulley 317 where the second-class fruit transmission shaft 36 and the pulley 317 where the third-class fruit transmission shaft 37 are located; the reduction motor b34 drives one of the pulleys 317 to rotate; the pulley 317 drives the first-class fruit transmission shaft 35, the second-class fruit transmission shaft 36 and the third-class fruit transmission shaft 37 to rotate to provide the original power for each group of spiral transmission devices.

[0013] The first-class fruit transmission spiral group 31, the second-class fruit transmission spiral group 32, and the third-class fruit transmission spiral group 33 all have a spiral angle of 25° and are covered with flexible materials. The first-class fruit transmission spiral group 31 is used to convey fruit materials with a fruit diameter of 86-100mm. The spiral groove is semicircular in design, and the groove width, groove depth and pitch are designed to be 110mm, 65mm and 140mm respectively according to the diameter of the first-class fruit to be conveyed; the second-class fruit transmission spiral group 32 is used to convey fruit materials with a fruit diameter of 71-85mm, the spiral groove is semicircular in design, and the groove width, groove depth and pitch are designed to be 95mm, 55mm and 120mm respectively according to the diameter of the second-class fruit to be conveyed; the third-class fruit transmission spiral group 33 is used to convey fruit materials with a fruit diameter of 60-70mm, the spiral groove is semicircular in design, and the groove width, groove depth and pitch are designed to be 80mm, 45mm and 100mm respectively according to the diameter of the third-class fruit to be conveyed; the fruit is guided by the spiral grooves of the first-class fruit transmission spiral group 31, the second-class fruit transmission spiral group 32 and the third-class fruit transmission spiral group 33, and moves forward at a fixed spacing, and the speed of the drive motor is controlled to achieve constant speed transportation.

[0014] The frame 4 includes an upper baffle 41, a front support column 42, a middle support column 43, a rear support column 44, a screen plate support beam 45, a side baffle 46, and an outlet fixed plate 47; the upper baffle 41 is used to fix the feeding device 1 and play a sealing and dustproof role; the front support column 42, the middle support column 43, and the rear support column are used to support, fix and connect the vibration screening device 2, the screw transmission device 3, and the visual discharge device 5; the screen plate support beam 45 is used to provide support for each level of screening plates in the vibration screening device 2; the side baffle 46 is used to seal and protect the various devices installed in the frame 4 and play a dustproof role; the outlet fixed plate 47 is used to fix the visual discharge device 5.

[0015] The visual discharging device 5 includes a visual detection device 51, a plucking device 52, a good fruit outlet 53 and a bad fruit outlet 54;

[0016] The visual inspection device 51 includes a visual camera 511, a camera fixing plate 512, and a camera fill light 513; after the visual inspection device 51 receives the fruit conveyed by the spiral transmission device 3, the visual inspection device 51 performs surface defect inspection on the fruit through the visual camera 511; the camera fixing plate 512 is used to fix the visual inspection camera 511, and the camera fill light 513 provides a detection light source for the visual inspection camera 511; the paddle device 52 includes a paddle control cabinet 521, a paddle support shaft 522 and a paddle 523; the paddle device 52 is controlled by the paddle control cabinet 521 according to the inspection completion result of the visual inspection device 51, and the fruit is transferred to the good fruit outlet 53 and the bad fruit outlet 54.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The material conveying guide wheel groove of the feeding device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can only accommodate one row of fruits. The reduction motor device 13 controls the material conveying guide wheel 12 to rotate at a uniform speed, so that only one row of fruits can be dropped at a time. The fruits can be quantitatively conveyed from the feeding device to the screening device, thereby effectively avoiding blockage of the screening device and squeezing and collision between the fruits.

[0019] 2. The vibrating screening device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can effectively prevent the sieve holes from being blocked by providing horizontal vibration force through the vibration device, and can better achieve grade screening.

[0020] 3. The spiral transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present invention realizes fruit transportation by a spiral conveying shaft, which can realize linear and evenly spaced arrangement and transportation of fruits, effectively avoid squeezing and collision between apples, and provide reasonable and orderly input for the detection of the visual inspection device.

[0021] 4. The screening and transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present invention is wrapped with rubber material, which can effectively deform during operation, buffer the pressure on the surface of the fruit, and realize lossless screening and transmission.

[0022] 5. The visual mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a visual camera to realize accurate and rapid non-destructive detection of fruit surface defects.

[0023] 6. The discharging device provided in the embodiment of the present invention only needs to be equipped with a guide paddle and a power device to guide the fruit to a designated collection box for packing and storage, which greatly saves manpower and material resources and improves the efficiency of the sorting operation.

[0024] The present invention can achieve non-destructive fruit diameter sorting and fruit surface quality inspection, which is more efficient than the current mechanical-based automatic fruit screening device that can only complete single quality sorting. The present invention uses a mechanical arm to participate in feeding, and all links can be automated. The power requirement of the device is small, which can ensure economic efficiency while achieving efficient and high-quality apple sorting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding device;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vibration screening device;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral transmission device;

[0028] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the rack is shown in FIG.

[0029] FIG5(a) is a discharging device; FIG5(b) is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the discharging device; FIG5(c) is a front view of the discharging device;

[0030] Figure 6 (a) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure;

[0031] Figure 6(b) is a schematic diagram of the overall internal structure.

[0032] In the figure: 1-feeding device; 11-feeding inlet; 12-material conveying guide wheel; 121-material conveying shaft; 13-reduction motor device; 131-reduction transmission belt; 132-transmission pulley; 133-reduction motor a; 14-feeding outlet; 2-vibration screening device; 21-first-class fruit screening plate; 22-second-class fruit screening plate; 23-third-class fruit screening plate; 24-fixed plate; 25-second-class fruit collection box; 26-vibration device; 27-shock-absorbing base; 3-screw transmission device; 31-first-class fruit transmission screw group; 311-active screw; 312-driven screw; 313-belt; 314-screw transmission chain; 315-active spur gear; 316-driven spur gear ;317-pulley;32-second-grade fruit transmission screw group;33-third-grade fruit transmission screw group;34-reduction motor b;35-first-grade fruit transmission shaft;36-second-grade fruit transmission shaft;37-third-grade fruit transmission shaft;4-frame;41-upper baffle;42-front support column;43-middle support column;44-rear support column;45-screen plate support beam;46-side baffle;47-export fixing plate;5-visual discharging device;51-visual inspection device;511-visual camera;512-camera fixing plate;513-camera fill light;52-paddle device;521-paddle control cabinet;522-paddle support shaft;523-paddle;53-good fruit outlet;54-bad fruit outlet;6-control cabinet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] Embodiment: In an orchard environment, a Mecanum wheel is configured at the bottom of the picking platform to realize left and right movement control of the detection platform. When the detection platform enters an orchard with small plant spacing, it is not necessary to frequently reverse and adjust the posture of the detection platform.

[0034] First, the reduction motor is started. The reduction motor includes a coupling and a pulley. The pulley on the reduction motor drives the guide wheel to rotate through the belt. After the robot arm identifies the apples, it puts them into the feed port. At this time, the guide wheel transfers some apples to the screening stage to achieve the purpose of quantitative input.

[0035] The vibration screening device has a certain inclination angle with the horizontal direction to realize automatic screening of apples. The vibration screening device includes a first-class fruit screening plate 21, a second-class fruit screening plate 22, and a third-class fruit screening plate 23. The three screening plates are arranged in parallel from top to bottom. The shape of the screen holes is oblong, which provides enough environment for apples to pass through. When apples enter the first-class fruit screening plate 21, apples smaller than the width of the screen holes will fall into the second-class fruit screening plate 2. The same method is used to perform two more screenings to separate the first, second, and third-class fruits from the inferior fruits. The separated inferior fruits fall into the inferior fruit collection box 25 at the bottom. When the box is full, it can be drawn out from the detection platform and replaced with an empty inferior fruit collection box. The remaining apples enter the transmission device by gravity.

[0036] The transmission mechanism includes three groups of spiral transmission devices and a reduction motor b34. The first-class fruit transmission spiral group 31, the second-class fruit transmission spiral group 32, and the third-class fruit transmission spiral group 33 include a driving screw 311, a driven screw 312, a belt 313, and a spiral transmission chain 314. The driving screw 311 and the driven screw 312 are connected to the spur gears using a flat key. The driving screw 311 transmits power to the driven screw 312 through the external meshing of the two spur gears. The reduction motor b34 drives the pulley through the belt 313. The transmission shaft transmits power to the driving screw 311 through the sprocket. The spiral transmission chain 314 rotates around the driving screw 311. The spur gear 315 and the pulley 317 rotate for one circle; the belt 313 rotates around the pulley 317 where the first-class fruit transmission shaft 35 is located, the pulley 317 where the second-class fruit transmission shaft 36 is located, and the pulley 317 where the third-class fruit transmission shaft 37 is located; the reduction motor b34 drives one of the pulleys 317 to rotate; the pulley 317 drives the first-class fruit transmission shaft 35, the second-class fruit transmission shaft 36, and the third-class fruit transmission shaft 37 to rotate to provide motive force for each group of spiral transmission devices; the active screw 311 and the driven screw 312 rotate counterclockwise at the same time to give the apple a forward force to transmit the apple to the visual discharging device 5.

[0037] The visual discharging device 5 includes a visual inspection device 51, a plucking device 52, a good fruit outlet 53 and a bad fruit outlet 54. The visual inspection device 51 detects surface defects of apples transported by the power mechanism, including surface defects of first-class apples, surface defects of second-class apples and surface defects of third-class apples; a fixed bracket is fixed to the frame for the installation of the visual inspection device 51. The inspection process of the visual inspection device 51 is as follows, and the main technology uses YOLOV8, which has both good real-time detection and high accuracy.

[0038] The paddle device 52 includes a paddle control cabinet 521, a paddle support shaft 522 and a paddle 523; the paddle 523 is driven by a stepper motor, and the paddle 523 is used to cooperate with the visual inspection device 51 to control the discharging direction of good and bad apples, and the discharging housing is used to guide the apples transported by the power mechanism to flow to the non-defective fruit discharging port and the defective fruit discharging port. The collection box is used to collect first to third grade apples with or without defects.

[0039] The above-mentioned multi-task agricultural apple quality sorting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0040] After harvesting, apples enter the feeding device from the feeding port. The feeding device is controlled by a reduction motor and can quantitatively transport apples to the vibrating screening device. The vibrating screening device uses rubber material and horizontal vibration force to achieve non-destructive and unobstructed classification of apples from top to bottom through the sieve holes into first, second and third grades. Apples with a diameter smaller than that of third-grade fruits are collected by the collection box directly below through the third-grade fruit sieve holes. After being screened by the screening plate, the transmission device uses a spiral transmission method to realize orderly and constant-speed linear transportation of apples to the visual device. After visual non-destructive detection of apple surface defects, the discharging device controls the paddle to divert good and bad fruits to the designated exit, and finally collects them in the container.

Claims

1. A multi-task agricultural fruit quality sorting device, characterized in that: The multi-task agricultural fruit quality sorting device comprises a feeding device (1), a vibration screening device (2), a screw transmission device (3), a frame (4), a visual discharging device (5) and a control cabinet (6); The feeding device (1) is fixed on one end of the frame (4), and a vibration screening device (2) is connected below the outlet of the feeding device (1); the vibration screening device (2) is divided into different grades, and the screen holes of the vibration screening devices of each grade are all set to be oblong; the outlet end of the vibration screening device of each grade is fixed to the screw transmission device (3) of each grade; the screw transmission device (3) of each grade performs chain transmission to transmit fruits of different grades to the visual discharging device (5); according to the visual discharging device (5), the fruits are controlled to flow out from different discharging ports to the storage box; The control cabinet (6) is respectively connected to the feeding device (1), the vibration screening device (2), the screw transmission device (3) and the visual discharging device (5) to control the start and stop.

2. The multi-task agricultural fruit quality sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding device (1) comprises a feeding inlet (11), a material conveying guide wheel (12), a reduction motor device (13) and a feeding outlet (14); the feeding inlet (11) and the feeding outlet (14) are respectively located at two ends of the feeding device (1); the material conveying guide wheel (12) is connected to and arranged directly below the feeding inlet (11) via a material conveying shaft (121); the reduction motor device (13) is fixed on a frame (4), and comprises a reduction transmission belt (131), a transmission pulley (132) and a reduction motor a (133); the reduction motor a (133) drives the reduction transmission belt (131) to rotate the transmission pulley (132); the transmission pulley (132) is connected to the material conveying guide wheel (12) via the material conveying shaft (121); the feeding outlet (14) is used to output the material of the entire feeding device (1) to the next device, a screening device (2).

3. The multi-task agricultural fruit quality sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material conveying guide wheel (12) is installed in the feed inlet (11); the reduction motor device (13) is connected to the material conveying guide wheel (12) through a reduction transmission belt (131) to transmit power.

4. The multi-task agricultural fruit quality sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration screening device (2) is arranged in the frame (4), and comprises a first-class fruit screening plate (21), a second-class fruit screening plate (22), a third-class fruit screening plate (23), a fixed plate (24), a second-class fruit collection box (25), a vibration device (26) and a shock-absorbing base (27); the first-class fruit screening plate (21), the second-class fruit screening plate (22) and the third-class fruit screening plate (23) are arranged in order from top to bottom, and the two ends of the three are fixed by four fixed plates (24); the shock-absorbing base (27) is placed at the bottom of the three different grades of screening plates to provide a shock-absorbing effect for the entire vibration screening mechanism (2); the first-class fruit screening plate (21), the second-class fruit screening plate (22) and the third-class fruit screening plate (23) are arranged in order from top to bottom, and the two ends of the three are fixed by four fixed plates (24); the shock-absorbing base (27) is placed at the bottom of the three different grades of screening plates to provide a shock-absorbing effect for the entire vibration screening mechanism (2); The screening plate (22) and the third-class fruit screening plate (23) are fixed to the screen plate support beam (45) in the frame (4) through a shock-absorbing base (27); the first-class fruit screening plate (21), the second-class fruit screening plate (22), and the third-class fruit screening plate (23) have their surfaces wrapped with rubber material; the second-class fruit collection box (25) is placed directly below the screening plate of the third-class fruit screening plate (23), and its surface is wrapped with rubber material for collecting apples below the third-class fruit; the vibration device (26) is respectively installed on the side plates at the outlet ends of the first-class fruit screening plate (21), the second-class fruit screening plate (22), and the third-class fruit screening plate (23) to provide horizontal force.

5. The multi-task agricultural apple quality sorting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sieve holes of the first-class fruit screening plate (21), the second-class fruit screening plate (22), and the third-class fruit screening plate (23) become smaller from top to bottom.

6. The multi-task agricultural fruit quality sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral transmission device (3) is divided into three groups of spiral transmission devices for conveying fruits of different grades, including a first-grade fruit transmission spiral group (31), a second-grade fruit transmission spiral group (32), a third-grade fruit transmission spiral group (33), a reduction motor b (34), a first-grade fruit transmission shaft (35), a second-grade fruit transmission shaft (36) and a third-grade fruit transmission shaft (37); the spiral transmission devices of each level are placed below the outlets of each level of the screening plate of the vibration screening device (2) to collect and convey apples of different grades to the visual discharging device (5); the first-grade fruit transmission spiral group (31), the second-grade fruit transmission spiral group (32) and the third-grade fruit transmission spiral group (33) all include an active screw (311), a driven screw (312), a belt (313), a spiral transmission chain (314), an active spur gear (315) and a driven spur gear (316); the active screw ( The active screw (311) and the driven screw (312) are respectively connected to the active spur gear (315) and the driven spur gear (316) by parallel keys; the active screw (311) transmits power to the driven screw (312) through the external meshing of the spur gears; the spiral transmission chain (314) is wound around the active spur gear (315) and the pulley (317); the belt (313) is wound around the pulley (317) where the first-class fruit transmission shaft (35), the pulley (317) where the second-class fruit transmission shaft (36) and the pulley (317) where the third-class fruit transmission shaft (37) are located; the reduction motor b (34) drives one of the pulleys (317) to rotate; the pulley (317) drives the first-class fruit transmission shaft (35), the second-class fruit transmission shaft (36) and the third-class fruit transmission shaft (37) to rotate to provide the original power for each group of spiral transmission devices.

7. The multi-task agricultural fruit quality sorting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first-class fruit transmission spiral group (31), the second-class fruit transmission spiral group (32), and the third-class fruit transmission spiral group (33) all have a spiral angle of 25° and are covered with a flexible material. The first-class fruit transmission spiral group (31) is used to transmit fruit materials with a fruit diameter of 86-100 mm, and the spiral groove is designed to be semicircular. The groove width, groove depth and pitch are designed to be 110 mm, 65 mm and 140 mm respectively according to the diameter of the first-class fruit to be transmitted. The second-class fruit transmission spiral group (32) is used to transmit fruit materials with a fruit diameter of 71-85 mm, and the spiral groove is designed to be semicircular. The groove width, groove depth and pitch are designed to be 110 mm, 65 mm and 140 mm respectively according to the diameter of the first-class fruit to be transmitted. The groove depth and the pitch are designed to be 95 mm, 55 mm and 120 mm respectively according to the diameter of the second-class fruit to be transmitted; the third-class fruit transmission spiral group (33) is used to transmit fruit materials with a fruit diameter of 60-70 mm, the spiral groove is designed to be semicircular, and the groove width, groove depth and pitch are designed to be 80 mm, 45 mm and 100 mm respectively according to the diameter of the third-class fruit to be transmitted; the fruit is guided by the spiral grooves of the first-class fruit transmission spiral group (31), the second-class fruit transmission spiral group (32) and the third-class fruit transmission spiral group (33), and moves forward according to a fixed spacing, and the rotation speed of the driving motor is controlled to achieve constant speed transportation.

8. The multi-task agricultural fruit quality sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (4) comprises an upper baffle (41), a front support column (42), a middle support column (43), a rear support column (44), a screen plate support crossbeam (45), a side baffle (46), and an outlet fixed plate (47); the upper baffle (41) is used to fix the feed device (1) and to seal and prevent dust; the front support column (42), the middle support column (43), and the rear support column are used to support, fix, and connect the vibration screening device (2), the screw transmission device (3), and the visual discharge device (5); the screen plate support crossbeam (45) is used to provide support for each level of the screening plates in the vibration screening device (2); the side baffle (46) is used to seal and protect the various devices installed in the frame (4) and to prevent dust; the outlet fixed plate (47) is used to fix the visual discharge device (5).

9. The multi-task agricultural fruit quality sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visual discharging device (5) comprises a visual detection device (51), a plucking device (52), a good fruit outlet (53) and a bad fruit outlet (54); The visual inspection device (51) comprises a visual camera (511), a camera fixing plate (512), and a camera fill light (513); after receiving the fruit conveyed by the screw transmission device (3), the visual inspection device (51) performs surface defect inspection on the fruit through the visual camera (511); the camera fixing plate (512) is used to fix the visual inspection camera (511), and the camera fill light (513) provides a detection light source for the visual inspection camera (511); the paddle device (52) comprises a paddle control cabinet (521), a paddle support shaft (522), and a paddle (523); the paddle device (52) controls the paddle through the paddle control cabinet (521) according to the inspection completion result of the visual inspection device (51), and paddles the fruit to flow to the good fruit outlet (53) and the bad fruit outlet (54).

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