Cooling mechanism and cooling method for friction stir welding

Abstract

The cooling mechanism comprises a main plate, a base plate is installed on the surface of the main plate, a shape-preventing supporting clamp A and a shape-preventing supporting clamp B are installed on the two sides of the top of the base plate, and a plurality of cooling water ways are arranged in the shape-preventing supporting clamp A and the shape-preventing supporting clamp B correspondingly; a plurality of cooling air holes are further formed in the shape-preventing supporting clamp A and the shape-preventing supporting clamp B, exhaust grooves are formed in the positions, at the top output ends of the cooling air holes, of the shape-preventing supporting clamp A and the shape-preventing supporting clamp B, a cooling air channel is arranged in the base plate, the output end of the cooling air channel is connected with the input ends of the cooling air holes, and a cooling water channel and a cooling air channel are arranged in the main plate. The cooling water channel is connected with the cooling water channel, the cooling air channel is connected with the cooling air channel, a cooling source output assembly is installed on one side of the top of the main board, and the output end of the cooling source output assembly is connected with the cooling water channel and the cooling air channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and in particular relates to a cooling mechanism and a cooling method for friction stir welding. Background Art

[0002] Friction stir welding technology is a new solid-phase joining technology invented by the British Welding Technology Institute in 1991. Friction stir welding is a solid-phase joining method that uses the heat generated by the friction between the high-speed rotating stirring head and the workpiece to locally plasticize the workpiece to be welded. When the stirring head moves forward along the welding interface, the plasticized material flows from the front to the rear of the stirring head under the action of the rotating friction force of the stirring head, and forms a dense solid-phase weld under the extrusion of the shoulder. At present, friction stir welding has made important progress in the field of welding of light metal materials such as aluminum and magnesium, based on the many advantages of friction stir welding technology in terms of simplicity, high quality, high efficiency, environmental protection and automation.

[0003] However, since stir friction welding requires rotational friction to generate heat, a cooling mechanism is needed to cool it down during operation. The current method of cooling stir friction welding is to directly spray coolant on the stirring head during the stir friction welding process. The direct spraying of coolant will spray the coolant onto the welding workpiece, affecting the welding process and making it difficult to ensure the quality of the weld. Therefore, a cooling mechanism and cooling method for stir friction welding are urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems raised by the above background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cooling mechanism and a cooling method for friction stir welding.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A cooling mechanism for stir friction welding comprises a main board, a pad is installed on the surface of the main board, anti-form support clamps A and anti-form support clamps B are installed on both sides of the top of the pad, a plurality of cooling water channels are arranged in the anti-form support clamps A and B, a plurality of cooling air holes are also arranged on the anti-form support clamps A and B, exhaust grooves are arranged at the top output ends of the cooling air holes, a cooling air path is arranged in the pad, the output end of the cooling air path is connected to the input end of the cooling air hole, a cooling water channel and a cooling air channel are arranged in the main board, the cooling water channel is connected to the cooling water path, the cooling air channel is connected to the cooling air path, a cooling source output component is installed on one side of the top of the main board, and the output end of the cooling source output component is connected to the cooling water channel and the cooling air channel.

[0007] It is further defined that the aperture of the cooling water channel is φ5 to φ10. Such a structural design improves the flow effect of the coolant.

[0008] It is further defined that the distance between two adjacent cooling water channels is 30-100 mm. Such a structural design makes the layout of the cooling water channels more reasonable.

[0009] It is further defined that the aperture of the input end of the cooling air hole is φ4-φ8, and the aperture of the output end of the cooling air hole is φ1-φ3. Such a structural design facilitates blowing out compressed air, thereby taking away the heat of the workpiece, thereby achieving the effect of heat dissipation and cooling.

[0010] It is further defined that the distance between two cooling holes is 50-100 mm. Such a structural design facilitates the layout of the cooling holes.

[0011] It is further defined that the exhaust groove on the anti-form support fixture A is arranged in a U-shaped structure, and the exhaust groove on the anti-form support fixture B is arranged in a rectangular structure. Such a structural design facilitates the compressed air to take away the heat of the workpiece and discharge it to the outside from the exhaust groove.

[0012] It is further defined that the input end of the cooling source output assembly is connected to the air compression station and the cooling liquid tank. Such a structural design facilitates the continuous delivery and use of the cooling source.

[0013] It is further defined that the anti-form support fixture A and the anti-form support fixture B are provided with a sealing groove at the bottom of the cooling air hole, and a sealing ring is installed in the sealing groove. Such a structural design improves the sealing effect between the anti-form support fixture A and the anti-form support fixture B and the backing plate, and prevents leakage of compressed air during the transportation process.

[0014] A cooling method for a cooling mechanism for friction stir welding, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1: Place the first workpiece and the second workpiece to be welded on the anti-shape support fixture A and the anti-shape support fixture B, and press and fix the outer surfaces of the first workpiece and the second workpiece by the follow-up clamping mechanism, and support the bottoms of the first workpiece and the second workpiece with the workpiece support mechanism;

[0016] S2: The cooling source output component delivers cooling medium to the cooling water channel and the cooling air channel, so that the coolant passes through the cooling water channel and enters the cooling water channel in the anti-shape support fixture A and the anti-shape support fixture B, while the compressed air passes through the cooling air channel and the cooling air channel, and finally enters the cooling air hole and is ejected from the top thereof;

[0017] S3: Mobile welding is performed through the stirring head. During the welding process, the coolant in the cooling water channel can dissipate heat and cool the anti-form support fixture A and the anti-form support fixture B. The compressed air ejected from the cooling air holes can directly take away the heat generated by the first workpiece and the second workpiece during welding, achieving the effect of cooling while welding.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adds cooling water channels to the anti-form support fixtures A and B in the welding areas of the first workpiece and the second workpiece, which can cool the welds after welding. The compressed air ejected from the cooling air holes can directly take away the heat generated by the first workpiece and the second workpiece during welding, so that they can have the effect of cooling while welding, and can effectively reduce the heat transfer of the anti-form support fixtures A and B to the product, weaken the thermal softening effect of the joint, refine the grains of the welded joint, form a dense ultrafine grain structure, balance the temperature difference at various parts of the weld, reduce the generation of thermal stress, improve the residual stress after welding, make the strength distribution uniform, balance the temperature difference at various parts of the weld, thereby improving the internal quality of the weld and improving the mechanical properties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention can be further illustrated by means of non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings;

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of a cooling mechanism for friction stir welding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a cooling hole of a cooling mechanism for friction stir welding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a cooling water channel of a cooling mechanism for friction stir welding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of a cooling mechanism for friction stir welding in use state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] The main component symbols are described as follows:

[0025] Main board 1, pad 2, anti-form support fixture A3, anti-form support fixture B4, cooling water channel 5, cooling air holes 6, exhaust grooves 7, cooling air path 8, cooling source output component 9, sealing groove 10, follow-up clamping mechanism 11, workpiece support mechanism 12. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a cooling mechanism for stir friction welding of the present invention, a pad 2 is installed on the surface of the main board 1, and anti-form support clamps A3 and anti-form support clamps B4 are installed on both sides of the top of the pad 2, and a plurality of cooling water channels 5 are arranged in the anti-form support clamps A3 and B4, and a plurality of cooling air holes 6 are also arranged on the anti-form support clamps A3 and B4, and the anti-form support clamps A3 and B4 are provided with exhaust grooves 7 at the top output ends of the cooling air holes 6, a cooling air path 8 is arranged in the pad 2, and the output end of the cooling air path 8 is connected to the input end of the cooling air hole 6, a cooling water channel and a cooling air channel are arranged in the main board 1, the cooling water channel is connected to the cooling water channel 5, and the cooling air channel is connected to the cooling air channel 8, and a cooling source output component 9 is installed on one side of the top of the main board 1, and the output end of the cooling source output component 9 is connected to the cooling water channel and the cooling air channel.

[0028] In this embodiment, during use, the cooling medium is first transported to the cooling water channel and the cooling air channel through the cooling source output component 9, so that the coolant passes through the cooling water channel and enters the cooling water channel 5 in the anti-form support fixture A3 and the anti-form support fixture B4, and the compressed air passes through the cooling air channel and the cooling air channel 8, and finally enters the cooling air hole 6 and is sprayed out from the top thereof. After that, the first workpiece and the second workpiece to be welded are placed on the anti-form support fixture A3 and the anti-form support fixture B4, and the first workpiece and the second workpiece are supported and placed by the anti-form support fixture A3 and the anti-form support fixture B4. During the process, when the stirring head moves for welding, the coolant in the cooling water channel 5 can dissipate heat and cool the anti-form support fixture A3 and the anti-form support fixture B4, and the compressed air ejected from the cooling air hole 6 can directly take away the heat generated by the first workpiece and the second workpiece during welding, which has the effect of cooling while welding, and can effectively reduce the heat transfer of the fixture to the product, balance the temperature difference of various parts of the weld, reduce the generation of thermal stress, improve the residual stress after welding, make the strength distribution uniform, balance the temperature difference of various parts of the weld, thereby improving the internal quality of the weld and improving the mechanical properties.

[0029] Among them, in order to ensure that the first workpiece and the second workpiece are fixed during welding after being placed on the anti-form support fixture A3 and the anti-form support fixture B4, it is necessary to install a number of follow-up clamping mechanisms 11 on the surface of the main board 1, and the several follow-up clamping mechanisms 11 are evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the anti-form support fixture A3 and the anti-form support fixture B4. The follow-up clamping mechanism 11 is driven by hydraulic oil, and an oil circuit connected to the follow-up clamping mechanism 11 is provided in the main board 1. The input end of the oil circuit is connected to the external hydraulic device through the cooling source output component 9. At the same time, a workpiece support mechanism 12 is also installed on the circumference of the main board 1 to support the bottom of the first workpiece and the second workpiece placed on the anti-form support fixture A3 and the anti-form support fixture B4.

[0030] The number of cooling water channels 5 is determined according to the size of the anti-form support fixture A3 and the anti-form support fixture B4, and the number of cooling air holes 6 is determined according to the length of the welding path.

[0031] Among them, compressed air is provided by an air compression station, and the flow rate of compressed air is controlled by the starting triplex. The compressed air flow rate is 30-70m3 / min. The cooling water is powered by a water pump to circulate it. At the same time, a cooling device is required. The flow rate of cooling water is controlled by the frequency of the water pump motor, and the cooling water flow rate does not need to be controlled.

[0032] Preferably, the aperture of the cooling water channel 5 is φ5 to φ10. Such a structural design improves the flow effect of the coolant. In fact, other structural shapes of the cooling water channel 5 can also be considered according to specific circumstances.

[0033] Preferably, the spacing between two adjacent cooling water channels 5 is 30 to 100 mm. Such a structural design makes the layout of the cooling water channels 5 more reasonable. In fact, other layout structures of the cooling water channels 5 can also be considered according to specific circumstances.

[0034] Preferably, the input end aperture of the cooling air hole 6 is φ4-φ8, and the output end aperture of the cooling air hole 6 is φ1-φ3. Such a structural design facilitates blowing out compressed air, thereby taking away the heat of the workpiece, thereby achieving the effect of heat dissipation and cooling. In fact, other structural shapes of the cooling air hole 6 can also be considered according to specific circumstances.

[0035] Preferably, the distance between two cooling holes 6 is 50-100 mm. Such a structural design facilitates the layout of the cooling holes 6. In fact, other layout structures of the cooling holes 6 can also be considered according to specific circumstances.

[0036] Preferably, the exhaust groove 7 on the anti-deformation support fixture A3 is set in a U-shaped structure, and the exhaust groove 7 on the anti-deformation support fixture B4 is set in a rectangular structure. Such a structural design facilitates the compressed air to take away the heat of the workpiece and discharge it to the outside through the exhaust groove 7. In fact, other structural shapes of the exhaust groove 7 can also be considered according to specific circumstances.

[0037] Preferably, the input end of the cooling source output assembly 9 is connected to the air compression station and the coolant tank. Such a structural design facilitates the continuous delivery of the cooling source. In fact, other cooling source connection structural shapes of the cooling source output assembly 9 can also be considered according to specific circumstances.

[0038] Preferably, the anti-form support fixture A3 and the anti-form support fixture B4 are provided with a sealing groove 10 at the bottom of the cooling air hole 6, and a sealing ring is installed in the sealing groove 10. Such a structural design improves the sealing effect between the anti-form support fixture A3 and the anti-form support fixture B4 and the backing plate 2, and prevents leakage of compressed air during the transportation process. In fact, other sealing structural shapes of the cooling air hole 6 can also be considered according to specific circumstances.

[0039] A cooling method for a cooling mechanism for friction stir welding, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0040] S1: Place the first workpiece and the second workpiece to be welded on the anti-shape support fixture A3 and the anti-shape support fixture B4, and press and fix the outer surfaces of the first workpiece and the second workpiece by the follow-up clamping mechanism 11, and support the bottoms of the first workpiece and the second workpiece with the workpiece support mechanism 12;

[0041] S2: The cooling source output component 9 delivers cooling medium to the cooling water channel and the cooling air channel, so that the coolant passes through the cooling water channel and enters the cooling water channel 5 in the anti-shape support fixture A3 and the anti-shape support fixture B4, while the compressed air passes through the cooling air channel and the cooling air channel 8, and finally enters the cooling air hole 6 and is ejected from the top thereof;

[0042] S3: Mobile welding is performed through the stirring head. During the welding process, the coolant in the cooling water channel 5 can dissipate heat and cool the anti-form support fixture A3 and the anti-form support fixture B4. The compressed air ejected from the cooling air hole 6 can directly take away the heat generated by the first workpiece and the second workpiece during welding, achieving the effect of cooling while welding.

[0043] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling mechanism for friction stir welding, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main board (1), a pad (2) is installed on the surface of the main board (1), an anti-shape support fixture A (3) and an anti-shape support fixture B (4) are installed on both sides of the top of the pad (2), a plurality of cooling water channels (5) are arranged in the anti-shape support fixture A (3) and the anti-shape support fixture B (4), a plurality of cooling air holes (6) are also arranged on the anti-shape support fixture A (3) and the anti-shape support fixture B (4), and the anti-shape support fixture A (3) and the anti-shape support fixture B (4) are provided with cooling air holes (6) at the top of the cooling air holes (6). An exhaust groove (7) is provided at the output end, a cooling air path (8) is provided in the pad (2), the output end of the cooling air path (8) is connected to the input end of the cooling air hole (6), a cooling water channel and a cooling air channel are provided in the main board (1), the cooling water channel is connected to the cooling water channel (5), the cooling air channel is connected to the cooling air path (8), a cooling source output component (9) is installed on one side of the top of the main board (1), and the output end of the cooling source output component (9) is connected to the cooling water channel and the cooling air channel.

2. A cooling mechanism for friction stir welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aperture of the cooling water channel (5) is φ5 to φ10.

3. A cooling mechanism for friction stir welding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent cooling water channels (5) is 30 to 100 mm.

4. A cooling mechanism for friction stir welding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aperture of the input end of the cooling air hole (6) is φ4-φ8, and the aperture of the output end of the cooling air hole (6) is φ1-φ3.

5. A cooling mechanism for friction stir welding according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the two cooling holes (6) is 50-100 mm.

6. A cooling mechanism for friction stir welding according to claim 5, characterized in that: The exhaust groove (7) on the anti-form support fixture A (3) is arranged in a U-shaped structure, and the exhaust groove (7) on the anti-form support fixture B (4) is arranged in a rectangular structure.

7. A cooling mechanism for friction stir welding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The input end of the cooling source output component (9) is connected to the air compression station and the cooling liquid tank.

8. A cooling mechanism for friction stir welding according to claim 7, characterized in that: The anti-form support fixture A (3) and the anti-form support fixture B (4) are provided with a sealing groove (10) at the bottom of the cooling air hole (6), and a sealing ring is installed in the sealing groove (10).

9. A cooling method for a cooling mechanism for friction stir welding according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Place the first workpiece and the second workpiece to be welded on the anti-shape support fixture A and the anti-shape support fixture B, and press and fix the outer surfaces of the first workpiece and the second workpiece by the follow-up clamping mechanism, and support the bottoms of the first workpiece and the second workpiece with the workpiece support mechanism; S2: The cooling source output component delivers cooling medium to the cooling water channel and the cooling air channel, so that the coolant passes through the cooling water channel and enters the cooling water channel in the anti-shape support fixture A and the anti-shape support fixture B, while the compressed air passes through the cooling air channel and the cooling air channel, and finally enters the cooling air hole and is ejected from the top thereof; S3: Mobile welding is performed through the stirring head. During the welding process, the coolant in the cooling water channel can dissipate heat and cool the anti-form support fixture A and the anti-form support fixture B. The compressed air ejected from the cooling air holes can directly take away the heat generated by the first workpiece and the second workpiece during welding, achieving the effect of cooling while welding.

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