Submersible

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of submersibles, and discloses a submersible which comprises a manned cabin, a water cabin structure and a battery cabin, the water cabin structure comprises a left water cabin, a right water cabin and a rear water cabin, the left water cabin is arranged on the left side of the manned cabin, the right water cabin is arranged on the right side of the manned cabin, the rear water cabin is arranged behind the manned cabin, and the battery cabin is arranged at the lower end of the manned cabin. The battery cabin is positioned between the left water cabin and the right water cabin; the manned cabin comprises a semispherical pressure-resistant shell and a semispherical observation window, a cabin door assembly is arranged on the semispherical pressure-resistant shell, a manual discarding device is arranged on the lower portion of the semispherical pressure-resistant shell and comprises a releasing device and a ballast weight, the releasing device is provided with an unloading shaft, and the lower end of the unloading shaft is provided with a lap joint part extending in the radial direction. According to the submersible provided by the invention, the problems that the space utilization rate of an existing submersible is not high and how to quickly float upwards when the submersible encounters an emergency situation are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of submersibles, and in particular to a submersible. Background Art

[0002] The internal space of a submersible is limited, and the design of the battery compartment needs to fully consider the space utilization rate. However, traditional battery compartments often have problems such as complex structure and large size, resulting in low space utilization rate, which not only limits the improvement of battery capacity, but also may affect the layout and performance of other key components of the submersible. In addition, when submarines are operating underwater, in order to maintain a stable diving depth and posture, they usually need to carry a certain amount of ballast. In the event of an emergency, such as a collision or failure, the submarine needs to surface quickly to avoid sinking or further danger. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a submersible to solve at least one of the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A submersible, comprising a manned cabin, a water tank structure and a battery cabin, wherein the water tank structure comprises a left water tank, a right water tank and a rear water tank, wherein the left water tank is arranged on the left side of the manned cabin, the right water tank is arranged on the right side of the manned cabin, the rear water tank is arranged behind the manned cabin, the battery cabin is arranged at the lower end of the manned cabin, and the battery cabin is located between the left water tank and the right water tank;

[0006] The manned cabin comprises a hemispherical pressure hull and a hemispherical observation window, a door assembly is provided on the hemispherical pressure hull, a manual jettisoning device is provided at the lower part of the hemispherical pressure hull, the manual jettisoning device comprises a release device and a ballast weight, the release device comprises an unloading shaft, and the lower end of the unloading shaft comprises a radially extending overlap portion;

[0007] The battery compartment includes a battery shell, and a U-shaped opening is provided in the middle of the battery shell from top to bottom, and the open end of the U-shaped opening faces the rear of the manned cabin. The ballast weight is located in the U-shaped opening, and one end of the ballast weight overlaps the closed end of the U-shaped opening, and the other end of the ballast weight overlaps the overlapping portion, and the unloading shaft is rotated to separate the overlapping portion and the ballast weight.

[0008] In this technical solution, the left water tank is set on the left side of the manned cabin to store water or gas to help maintain the balance and stability of the manned cabin. The right water tank is set on the right side of the manned cabin, corresponding to the left water tank. The rear water tank is set behind the manned cabin and is also used to store water or gas. In the manned cabin, the rear water tank is also used to control the diving and floating of the manned cabin. The battery compartment is set at the lower end of the manned cabin, and the battery compartment is located between the left water tank and the right water tank, so that the position of the battery compartment does not occupy the internal space of the submersible, improving the space utilization rate. The hemispherical pressure hull and the hemispherical observation window constitute the main structure of the manned cabin, which is used to resist the huge water pressure in the deep sea and protect the safety of the personnel and equipment inside. The optimization of the manned cabin structure improves the overall stability and enhances the stability of the submersible in deep-sea operations. The observation window provides a window for the internal personnel to observe the external deep-sea environment. The lower part of the hemispherical pressure hull is provided with a manual abandonment device, which is mainly used for the submersible to encounter dangerous conditions in deep-sea operations. The ballast weight is abandoned and the submersible floats up by its own buoyancy. It has high reliability and strong bearing capacity to cope with the complexity and uncertainty of the deep-sea environment. The hemispherical pressure hull is provided with a hatch assembly, which is the entrance and exit of the manned cabin and is used for personnel entry and exit and equipment loading and unloading. Since a U-shaped opening is set up in the middle of the battery shell, it is convenient to install the ballast weight. One end of the ballast weight overlaps with the closed end of the U-shaped opening, and the other end of the ballast weight overlaps with the overlap portion. By operating the unloading shaft to rotate, the overlap portion and the ballast weight are separated, and the ballast weight can be released. In summary, this technical solution solves the problem of low space utilization of existing submersibles and how to quickly surface the submersible when encountering an emergency.

[0009] Furthermore, the hatch assembly includes a hatch body, a spindle seat, a spindle, a guide sleeve, an adjusting disk and a tongue, the spindle seat is arranged in the middle of the hatch body, the spindle is rotatably matched with the spindle seat, and an outer turntable is provided at one end of the spindle extending out of the spindle seat; the guide sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the hatch body, the spindle passes through the guide sleeve after extending out of the spindle seat, and an inner turntable is provided at one end of the spindle extending out of the guide sleeve, a plurality of vertical guide holes are evenly arranged on the guide sleeve, the adjusting disk is located in the guide sleeve, the adjusting disk is threadedly connected to the spindle, a plurality of first connecting seats are radially extended on the adjusting disk, the plurality of first connecting seats correspond to the plurality of vertical guide holes one by one and the two are slidably matched, a plurality of second connecting seats are equidistantly arranged at positions near the edge of the hatch body on the hatch body, a tongue is rotatably connected to the second connecting seat, and a push rod for driving the tongue to rotate is provided between the first connecting seat and the tongue.

[0010] According to the technical solution, when the hatch needs to be opened from the inside, the inner turntable can be driven to the main shaft by rotating the inner turntable. Since the guide sleeve is evenly provided with a plurality of vertical guide holes in a circumferential direction, the adjusting disk is located in the guide sleeve, and the adjusting disk is threadedly connected to the main shaft, the main shaft will drive the adjusting disk to move upward in the guide sleeve when it rotates. Since a plurality of first connecting seats are radially extended on the adjusting disk, the plurality of first connecting seats correspond to the plurality of vertical guide holes one by one and the two are slidably matched, a plurality of second connecting seats are evenly spaced near the edge of the hatch body, and a latch is rotatably connected to the second connecting seat, and the first connecting seat is provided with a plurality of second connecting seats. A push rod for driving the tongue to rotate is provided between the connecting seat and the tongue. The upward movement of the adjusting disk realizes the synchronous driving of multiple push rods, and the multiple push rods respectively drive the corresponding tongues, thereby realizing the synchronous driving of multiple tongues. The tongue is in an inward state, and the tongue is separated from the main body of the submersible, thereby releasing the locking state of the hatch body and the submersible. When the hatch needs to be locked, the inner turntable can be rotated in the opposite direction. When the hatch needs to be opened or closed from the outside, the outer turntable can be operated from the outside of the hatch body to rotate forward or reverse. The whole process of operating the hatch to open or close is extremely convenient.

[0011] Furthermore, the releasing device includes an outer flange tube and an inner flange tube, the outer flange tube and the inner flange tube are coaxially arranged, the lower end of the flange end of the inner flange tube is fixedly connected with a lower flange cover, the upper end of the inner flange tube is provided with a top cover plate, the unloading shaft is rotatably connected to the inner flange tube, a first bearing is provided between the unloading shaft and the upper end of the inner flange tube, a second bearing is provided between the unloading shaft, the lower end of the inner flange tube and the lower flange cover, a rotating disk is provided at the end of the unloading shaft extending out of the top cover plate, and a radially extending overlap portion is provided at the end of the unloading shaft extending out of the lower flange cover.

[0012] In the technical solution, the outer flange tube and the inner flange tube can well protect the unloading shaft, the top cover plate is used to close the top of the inner flange tube, the inner flange tube corresponds to the outer flange tube, and together constitute a supporting structure to ensure the sealing and stability of the entire device, the inner flange tube works in conjunction with the bearing to ensure the stability and reliability of the unloading shaft, and the ballast weight is unlocked by rotating the unloading shaft. The design of the unloading shaft ensures that the action can be performed quickly and accurately in an emergency. During emergency surfacing, the rotating disk is manually operated to drive the unloading shaft to rotate, and the overlapping part at the lower end of the unloading shaft rotates accordingly, thereby realizing the separation of the overlapping part from the buckled edge of the ballast weight, thereby realizing the rapid unloading of the ballast weight to release the ballast weight. The device can discard the ballast weight on the submarine in a short time, so that the submarine obtains sufficient buoyancy to quickly float, thereby ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0013] Furthermore, the left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank are provided with a water stop valve assembly, and the left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank are all made of stainless steel 304 material, and both ends of the left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank are welded with arc-shaped end covers using a ring seam sealing welding process.

[0014] The existing submersible water tank structure generally adopts a flat plate cover for sealing. From the analysis of force, the stress of the flat plate seal is relatively simple, mainly bearing the pressure perpendicular to the plate. When the flat plate seal is under pressure, the flat plate seal may face a greater risk of deformation, especially when the pressure is high. This also leads to the high maintenance cost of existing submersibles. Since submersibles often need to operate in deep-sea environments, their maintenance work often needs to be carried out underwater, which not only increases the difficulty of maintenance, but also increases the risk of maintenance.

[0015] In this technical solution, a water stop valve assembly is provided on the left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank to control the inflow and outflow of water or gas. The left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank are all made of stainless steel 304 material, and both ends of the left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank are welded with arc-shaped end covers by annular seam sealing welding process, which ensures the sealing and compressive strength of the welding, and the arc-shaped end covers can better disperse the pressure and reduce the local stress concentration. When under pressure, the arc-shaped end covers can more effectively resist deformation and maintain the stability of the structure to ensure that it meets the pressure resistance requirements. In addition, through the selection of arc-shaped end covers and stainless steel 304 materials, the pressure bearing capacity of the arc-shaped end cover plugging is higher than that of the flat plate plugging. Therefore, the arc-shaped end cover is lighter than the flat plate under the same pressure, achieving higher pressure resistance and lighter weight, and improving the safety and stability of the submersible in the deep sea environment.

[0016] Furthermore, the left water tank is respectively provided with a left front thruster and a left middle thruster, the right water tank is respectively provided with a right front thruster and a right middle thruster, the left end and the right end of the rear water tank are respectively provided with a left rear thruster and a right rear thruster, and the middle parts of the left water tank and the right water tank are respectively provided with thruster installation rooms, and the left middle thruster and the right middle thruster are respectively installed in the corresponding thruster installation rooms.

[0017] Specifically, a portion of the middle part of the left water tank and the right water tank is hollowed out to reserve a position for the thruster installation room. There is no need to let water in or out of the water tank, and only the thrusters are used to make the submersible dive up and down. In this way, if an emergency occurs and the water in the water tank cannot be discharged, or if the submersible suddenly dives due to a sea water fault, the thrusters in the water tank can also be used to float up.

[0018] Furthermore, water level sensors are provided in the left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank, and air pipes are connected to the tops of the left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank, and a normally closed solenoid valve is provided on the air pipe.

[0019] The water level sensor is used to detect the water level inside the left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank, and to monitor and control the water volume in a timely manner. The normally closed solenoid valve controls the gas in and out, and the gas source provides 0.8 MPa high-pressure gas for discharging tank water.

[0020] Furthermore, the open end of the hemispherical pressure shell has a first radial extension portion, and the open end of the hemispherical observation window has a second radial extension portion, a sealing ring is provided between the first radial extension portion and the second radial extension portion, and a plurality of fastening bolts are circumferentially provided between the first radial extension portion and the second radial extension portion, and the fastening bolts are located on the outside of the sealing ring, and a gasket is provided at one end of the fastening bolt, and a nut is provided at the other end.

[0021] In the present technical solution, a sealing ring is provided between the first radial extension part and the second radial extension part, and the sealing ring is used to ensure the sealing between the various components of the manned cabin and prevent seawater from seeping into the cabin and causing danger. A number of fastening bolts are circumferentially provided between the first radial extension part and the second radial extension part, and the fastening bolts are located on the outside of the sealing ring. A gasket is provided at one end of the fastening bolt, and a nut is provided at the other end to connect the hemispherical pressure hull and the hemispherical observation window firmly together, and the sealing of the manned cabin is further improved by the sealing ring. The hemispherical pressure hull and the hemispherical observation window are fixedly installed by the first radial extension part, the second radial extension part and a number of fastening bolts, and the entire cabin body is spherical to reduce stress concentration.

[0022] Furthermore, in order to improve the structural stability of the first radial extension portion, a plurality of reinforcing plates are evenly arranged circumferentially between the first radial extension portion and the hemispherical pressure hull. The hemispherical pressure hull is made of EH36 marine steel plate, so that the hemispherical pressure hull can significantly improve its ability to withstand deep-sea pressure while maintaining its lightweight. The hemispherical observation window is made of polymethyl methacrylate. The observation window is made of polymethyl methacrylate with high light transmittance, scratch resistance and high pressure resistance to improve the pressure resistance and impact resistance of the observation window, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the observation window in deep-sea environment.

[0023] Furthermore, a battery cell is provided in the battery shell. The battery cell adopts a lead-acid battery, which has the characteristics of strong stability, high utilization rate and simple layout. The battery cells are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the U-shaped opening. The layout of the battery shell, battery cells and ballast weights can ensure the stability of the submersible while not affecting the release of the ballast weights. The battery shell adopts EH36 marine steel plate to make a sealed shell to protect the internal battery cells and other components from physical damage, moisture intrusion and external environment. EH36 marine steel plate is a high-strength, corrosion-resistant material. It is made into a battery compartment shell through precision processing to ensure its stability and durability in the deep sea environment. The battery shell is filled with thermal oil. Since the battery shell is filled with thermal oil, the heat is transferred to the shell and cooled by seawater outside the shell, which effectively reduces the battery temperature and improves the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0024] Furthermore, in order to enable the ballast weight to be stably overlapped in the corresponding position, a first T-shaped connecting plate is provided at one end of the ballast weight, the first support plate and the second support plate of the first T-shaped connecting plate are fixedly connected to the two side edges of the ballast weight, and the third support plate of the first T-shaped connecting plate is overlapped on the battery shell; a second T-shaped connecting plate is provided at the other end of the ballast weight, the first support plate and the second support plate of the second T-shaped connecting plate are fixedly connected to the two side edges of the ballast weight, and the third support plate of the second T-shaped connecting plate is overlapped on the overlapping portion.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: in the present technical solution, the left water tank is arranged on the left side of the manned cabin, and is used to store water or gas to help maintain the balance and stability of the manned cabin. The right water tank is arranged on the right side of the manned cabin, corresponding to the left water tank. The rear water tank is arranged behind the manned cabin, and is also used to store water or gas. In the manned cabin, the rear water tank is also used to control the diving and floating of the manned cabin. The battery compartment is arranged at the lower end of the manned cabin, and the battery compartment is located between the left water tank and the right water tank, so that the position of the battery compartment does not occupy the internal space of the submersible, and the space utilization rate is improved. The hemispherical pressure hull and the hemispherical observation window constitute the main structure of the manned cabin, which is used to resist the huge water pressure in the deep sea and protect the safety of the personnel and equipment inside. The optimization of the manned cabin structure improves the overall stability and enhances the stability of the submersible in deep-sea operations. The observation window provides a window for the internal personnel to observe the external deep-sea environment. The lower part of the hemispherical pressure hull is provided with a manual abandonment device, which is mainly used for the submersible to encounter dangerous conditions in deep-sea operations. The ballast weight is abandoned and the submersible floats up by its own buoyancy. It has high reliability and strong bearing capacity to cope with the complexity and uncertainty of the deep-sea environment. The hemispherical pressure hull is provided with a hatch assembly, which is the entrance and exit of the manned cabin and is used for personnel entry and exit and equipment loading and unloading. Since a U-shaped opening is set up in the middle of the battery shell, it is convenient to install the ballast weight. One end of the ballast weight overlaps with the closed end of the U-shaped opening, and the other end of the ballast weight overlaps with the overlap portion. By operating the unloading shaft to rotate, the overlap portion and the ballast weight are separated, and the ballast weight can be released. In summary, this technical solution solves the problem of low space utilization of existing submersibles and how to quickly surface the submersible when encountering an emergency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first viewing angle of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second viewing angle of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the water tank structure in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the manned cabin in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the manned cabin in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the battery compartment, the release device and the ballast weight in the present invention from a first-person perspective;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the battery compartment, the release device and the ballast weight in the present invention from a second perspective;

[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the release device in the present invention;

[0036] Fig.11 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the release device in the present invention;

[0037] Fig.12 This is a schematic structural diagram of the hatch assembly of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0038] Fig.13 This is a structural schematic diagram of the hatch assembly of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0039] Fig.14 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the hatch door assembly in the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: manned cabin 1; hemispherical pressure hull 1.1; hemispherical observation window 1.2; battery cabin 2; left water tank 3; right water tank 4; rear water tank 5; hatch assembly 6; release device 7; ballast weight 8; left front thruster 9; left middle thruster 10; right front thruster 11; right middle thruster 12; left rear thruster 13; right rear thruster 14; hatch body 15; spindle seat 16; spindle 17; guide sleeve 18; adjustment disk 19; latch tongue 20; outer turntable 21; inner turntable 22; vertical guide hole 23; first connecting seat 2 4; second connecting seat 25; push rod 26; outer flange tube 27; inner flange tube 28; lower flange cover 29; top cover plate 30; unloading shaft 31; rotating disk 32; overlapping portion 33; battery shell 34; U-shaped opening 35; closed end 35.1; water stop valve assembly 36; arc-shaped end cover 37; thruster mounting chamber 38; first radial extension portion 39; second radial extension portion 40; sealing ring 41; fastening bolt 42; gasket 43; nut 44; reinforcing plate 45; first T-shaped connecting plate 46; second T-shaped connecting plate 47. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the present invention will be briefly introduced below in combination with the drawings and the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structure of the drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] like Figure 1-Figure 14 As shown, this embodiment provides a submersible, including a manned cabin 1, a water tank structure and a battery cabin 2, the water tank structure includes a left water tank 3, a right water tank 4 and a rear water tank 5, the left water tank 3 is arranged on the left side of the manned cabin 1, the right water tank 4 is arranged on the right side of the manned cabin 1, the rear water tank 5 is arranged at the rear of the manned cabin 1, the battery cabin 2 is arranged at the lower end of the manned cabin 1, and the battery cabin 2 is located between the left water tank 3 and the right water tank 4;

[0044] The manned cabin 1 comprises a hemispherical pressure hull 1.1 and a hemispherical observation window 1.2. A hatch assembly 6 is provided on the hemispherical pressure hull 1.1. A manual jettisoning device is provided at the lower part of the hemispherical pressure hull 1.1. The manual jettisoning device comprises a release device 7 and a ballast weight 8. The release device 7 comprises an unloading shaft 31. The lower end of the unloading shaft 31 comprises a radially extending overlap portion 33.

[0045] The battery compartment 2 includes a battery shell 34, and a U-shaped opening 35 is provided in the middle of the battery shell 34 from top to bottom. The open end of the U-shaped opening 35 faces the rear of the manned cabin 1, and the ballast weight 8 is located in the U-shaped opening 35. One end of the ballast weight 8 overlaps with the closed end 35.1 of the U-shaped opening 35, and the other end of the ballast weight 8 overlaps with the overlapping portion 33. The unloading shaft 31 is rotated to separate the overlapping portion 33 and the ballast weight 8.

[0046] In this technical solution, the left water tank 3 is arranged on the left side of the manned cabin 1, and is used to store water or gas to help maintain the balance and stability of the manned cabin 1. The right water tank 4 is arranged on the right side of the manned cabin 1, corresponding to the left water tank 3. The rear water tank 5 is arranged at the rear of the manned cabin 1, and is also used to store water or gas. In the manned cabin 1, the rear water tank 5 is also used to control the diving and floating of the manned cabin 1. The battery compartment 2 is arranged at the lower end of the manned cabin 1, and the battery compartment 2 is located between the left water tank 3 and the right water tank 4, so that the position of the battery compartment 2 does not occupy the internal space of the submersible, thereby improving the space utilization rate. The hemispherical pressure hull 1.1 and the hemispherical observation window 1.2 constitute the main structure of the manned cabin 1, which is used to resist the huge water pressure in the deep sea and protect the safety of the internal personnel and equipment. The optimization of the structure of the manned cabin 1 improves the overall stability and enhances the stability of the submersible in deep-sea operations. The hemispherical observation window 1.2 provides a window for internal personnel to observe the external deep-sea environment. The lower part of the hemispherical pressure hull 1.1 is provided with a manual abandonment device, which is mainly used for the submersible to encounter dangerous conditions in deep-sea operations, and the ballast weight 8 is abandoned to allow the submersible to float up by its own buoyancy. It has high reliability and strong bearing capacity to cope with the complexity and uncertainty of the deep-sea environment. The hemispherical pressure hull 1.1 is provided with a hatch assembly 6, which is the entrance and exit of the manned cabin 1, and is used for personnel entry and exit and equipment loading and unloading. Since a U-shaped opening 35 is provided in the middle of the battery shell 34, it is convenient to install the ballast weight 8. One end of the ballast weight 8 overlaps with the closed end of the U-shaped opening 35, and the other end of the ballast weight 8 overlaps with the overlap portion 33. By rotating the unloading shaft 31 to separate the overlap portion 33 and the ballast weight 8, the ballast weight 8 can be released. In summary, this technical solution solves the problem of low space utilization of existing submersibles and how to quickly float the submersible in an emergency.

[0047] Embodiment 2:

[0048] This embodiment is optimized based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

[0049] The hatch assembly 6 includes a hatch body 15, a spindle seat 16, a spindle 17, a guide sleeve 18, an adjustment disk 19 and a latch 20. The spindle seat 16 is arranged in the middle of the hatch body 15. The spindle 17 is rotatably matched with the spindle seat 16. An outer turntable 21 is provided at one end of the spindle 17 extending out of the spindle seat 16; the guide sleeve 18 is arranged on the inner side of the hatch body 15. The spindle 17 extends out of the spindle seat 16 and passes through the guide sleeve 18. An inner turntable 22 is provided at one end of the spindle 17 extending out of the guide sleeve 18. A plurality of vertical rotation plates 22 are evenly arranged on the guide sleeve 18 in the circumferential direction. Straight guide hole 23, the adjusting disk 19 is located in the guide sleeve 18, the adjusting disk 19 is threadedly connected to the main shaft 17, a plurality of first connecting seats 24 are radially extended on the adjusting disk 19, the plurality of first connecting seats 24 correspond one to one with the plurality of vertical guide holes 23 and the two are slidably matched, a plurality of second connecting seats 25 are evenly spaced on the door body 15 near the edge of the door body 15, a tongue 20 is rotatably connected to the second connecting seat 25, and a top rod 26 for driving the tongue 20 to rotate is provided between the first connecting seat 24 and the tongue 20.

[0050] According to the technical solution, when the hatch needs to be opened from the inside, the inner turntable 22 can be rotated to drive the main shaft 17. Since the guide sleeve 18 is evenly provided with a plurality of vertical guide holes 23 in the circumferential direction, the adjusting disk 19 is located in the guide sleeve 18, and the adjusting disk 19 is threadedly connected to the main shaft 17, when the main shaft 17 rotates, the adjusting disk 19 will be driven to move upward in the guide sleeve 18. Since the adjusting disk 19 is provided with a plurality of first connecting seats 24 extending radially, the plurality of first connecting seats 24 correspond to the plurality of vertical guide holes 23 one by one and the two are slidably matched, a plurality of second connecting seats 25 are evenly spaced near the edge of the hatch body 15, and a latch is rotatably connected to the second connecting seat 25. 20. A push rod 26 for driving the latch tongue 20 to rotate is provided between the first connecting seat 24 and the latch tongue 20. The upward movement of the adjusting disk 19 realizes the synchronous driving of multiple push rods 26. The multiple push rods 26 respectively drive the corresponding latch tongues 20, thereby realizing the synchronous driving of multiple latch tongues 20. The latch tongue 20 is in an inwardly retracted state, and the latch tongue 20 is separated from the submarine body, thereby releasing the locking state of the hatch body 15 and the submarine. When the hatch door needs to be locked, the inner turntable 22 can be rotated in the reverse direction. When the hatch door needs to be opened or closed from the outside, the outer turntable 21 can be operated from the outside of the hatch body 15 to rotate forward or reverse. The whole process of operating the hatch door to open or close is extremely convenient.

[0051] Embodiment 3:

[0052] This embodiment is optimized based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

[0053] The release device 7 includes an outer flange tube 27 and an inner flange tube 28. The outer flange tube 27 and the inner flange tube 28 are coaxially arranged. The lower end of the flange end of the inner flange tube 28 is fixedly connected with a lower flange cover 29. The upper end of the inner flange tube 28 is provided with a top cover plate 30. The unloading shaft 31 is rotatably connected to the inner flange tube 28. A first bearing is provided between the unloading shaft 31 and the upper end of the inner flange tube 28. A second bearing is provided between the unloading shaft 31, the lower end of the inner flange tube 28 and the lower flange cover 29. A rotating disk 32 is provided at one end of the unloading shaft 31 extending out of the top cover plate 30, and a radially extending overlap portion 33 is provided at one end of the unloading shaft 31 extending out of the lower flange cover 29.

[0054] In the technical solution, the outer flange tube 27 and the inner flange tube 28 can well protect the unloading shaft 31, and the top cover plate 30 is used to close the top of the inner flange tube 28. The inner flange tube 28 corresponds to the outer flange tube 27 and together constitutes a supporting structure to ensure the sealing and stability of the entire device. The inner flange tube 28 cooperates with the bearing to ensure the stability and reliability of the unloading shaft 31. The ballast weight 8 is unlocked by rotating the unloading shaft 31. The design of the unloading shaft 31 ensures that the action can be performed quickly and accurately in an emergency. During emergency surfacing, the rotating disk 32 is manually operated, and the rotating disk 32 drives the unloading shaft 31 to rotate, and the overlapping part 33 at the lower end of the unloading shaft 31 rotates accordingly, so that the overlapping part 33 and the buckling edge of the ballast weight 8 are separated, thereby realizing the rapid unloading of the ballast weight 8 to release the ballast weight 8. The device can discard the ballast weight 8 on the submarine in a short time, so that the submarine obtains sufficient buoyancy to quickly float, thereby ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0055] Embodiment 4:

[0056] This embodiment is optimized based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

[0057] The left water tank 3, the right water tank 4 and the rear water tank 5 are provided with a water stop valve assembly 36. The left water tank 3, the right water tank 4 and the rear water tank 5 are all made of stainless steel 304 material. Both ends of the left water tank 3, the right water tank 4 and the rear water tank 5 are welded with arc-shaped end covers 37 using a ring seam sealing welding process.

[0058] The existing submersible water tank structure generally adopts a flat plate cover for sealing. From the analysis of force, the stress of the flat plate seal is relatively simple, mainly bearing the pressure perpendicular to the plate. When the flat plate seal is under pressure, the flat plate seal may face a greater risk of deformation, especially when the pressure is high. This also leads to the high maintenance cost of existing submersibles. Since submersibles often need to operate in deep-sea environments, their maintenance work often needs to be carried out underwater, which not only increases the difficulty of maintenance, but also increases the risk of maintenance.

[0059] In the technical scheme, a water stop valve assembly 36 is provided on the left water tank 3, the right water tank 4 and the rear water tank 5 to control the inflow and outflow of water or gas. The left water tank 3, the right water tank 4 and the rear water tank 5 are all made of stainless steel 304 material, and the two ends of the left water tank 3, the right water tank 4 and the rear water tank 5 are welded with arc-shaped end caps 37 by annular seam sealing welding process, which ensures the sealing and compressive strength of the welding, and the arc-shaped end caps 37 can better disperse the pressure and reduce the local stress concentration. When under pressure, the arc-shaped end caps 37 can more effectively resist deformation and maintain the stability of the structure to ensure that it meets the pressure resistance requirements. In addition, through the selection of the arc-shaped end caps 37 and the stainless steel 304 material, the pressure bearing capacity of the arc-shaped end caps 37 is higher than that of the flat plate. Therefore, the arc-shaped end caps 37 are lighter than the flat plate under the same pressure, achieving higher pressure resistance and lighter weight, and improving the safety and stability of the submersible in the deep sea environment.

[0060] Embodiment 5:

[0061] This embodiment is optimized based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

[0062] The left water tank 3 is provided with a left front propeller 9 and a left middle propeller 10, the right water tank 4 is provided with a right front propeller 11 and a right middle propeller 12, the left end and the right end of the rear water tank 5 are provided with a left rear propeller 13 and a right rear propeller 14, and the middle parts of the left water tank 3 and the right water tank 4 are provided with propeller installation rooms 38, and the left middle propeller 10 and the right middle propeller 12 are respectively installed in the corresponding propeller installation rooms 38.

[0063] Specifically, a portion of the middle part of the left water tank 3 and the right water tank 4 is hollowed out to reserve a position for the thruster installation room 38. There is no need to let water in or out of the water tank, and only the thrusters are used to realize the submersible's diving and ascending and descending. In this way, in an emergency situation where the water in the water tank cannot be discharged or the submersible suddenly dives due to a seawater fault, the thrusters in the water tank can also be used to float up.

[0064] The right front thruster 11 provides forward thrust and a certain degree of rightward steering capability; the left front thruster 9 provides forward thrust and a certain degree of leftward steering capability; the right middle thruster 12 maintains the upper and lower balance of the submersible and provides thrust for ascent and descent; the left middle thruster 10 is used to maintain the upper and lower balance of the submersible and provides thrust for ascent and descent; the right rear thruster 14 is used to provide backward thrust and the ability to steer right; the left rear thruster 13 is used to provide backward thrust and the ability to steer left.

[0065] The right front thruster 11 will play an important role when the course needs to be adjusted to the right or complex maneuvers need to be performed. The left front thruster 9 forms a diagonal layout with the front right thruster, which helps to achieve more precise course control and attitude adjustment. When the right middle thruster 12 works in conjunction with the right front thruster 11, the course and attitude of the submersible can be more effectively controlled. When the left middle thruster 10 works in conjunction with the left front thruster 9, the maneuverability of the submersible can be enhanced. The right rear thruster 14 is indispensable when it is necessary to quickly decelerate or adjust to the right course. It can also perform linear acceleration or deceleration. The left rear thruster 13 is indispensable when it is necessary to quickly decelerate or adjust to the left course. It can also perform linear acceleration or deceleration.

[0066] Through the coordinated work of these six thrusters, the submersible can achieve all-round maneuverability and attitude control, ensuring the safe, stable and efficient operation of the submersible in complex environments.

[0067] Embodiment 6:

[0068] This embodiment is optimized based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

[0069] Water level sensors are arranged in the left water tank 3, the right water tank 4 and the rear water tank 5. The tops of the left water tank 3, the right water tank 4 and the rear water tank 5 are connected with air pipes, and the air pipes are provided with normally closed electromagnetic valves.

[0070] The water level sensor is used to detect the water level inside the left water tank 3, the right water tank 4 and the rear water tank 5, and timely monitor and control the water volume. The normally closed solenoid valve controls the gas inlet and outlet, and the gas source provides 0.8 MPa high-pressure gas for discharging the tank water.

[0071] Embodiment 7:

[0072] This embodiment is optimized based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

[0073] The open end of the hemispherical pressure shell 1.1 has a first radial extension portion 39, and the open end of the hemispherical observation window 1.2 has a second radial extension portion 40. A sealing ring 41 is provided between the first radial extension portion 39 and the second radial extension portion 40. A plurality of fastening bolts 42 are circumferentially provided between the first radial extension portion 39 and the second radial extension portion 40. The fastening bolts 42 are located on the outside of the sealing ring 41. A gasket 43 is provided at one end of the fastening bolt 42, and a nut 44 is provided at the other end.

[0074] In the present technical solution, a sealing ring 41 is provided between the first radial extension portion 39 and the second radial extension portion 40. The sealing ring 41 is used to ensure the sealing between the various components of the manned cabin 1 to prevent seawater from seeping into the cabin and causing danger. A plurality of fastening bolts 42 are circumferentially provided between the first radial extension portion 39 and the second radial extension portion 40. The fastening bolts 42 are located on the outside of the sealing ring 41. A gasket 43 is provided at one end of the fastening bolt 42, and a nut 44 is provided at the other end to connect the hemispherical pressure hull 1.1 and the hemispherical observation window 1.2 firmly together, and the sealing ring 41 is used to further improve the sealing of the manned cabin 1. The hemispherical pressure hull 1.1 and the hemispherical observation window 1.2 are fixedly installed by the first radial extension portion 39, the second radial extension portion 40 and a plurality of fastening bolts 42, and the entire cabin body is spherical to reduce stress concentration.

[0075] Embodiment 8:

[0076] This embodiment is optimized based on the above-mentioned embodiment 7.

[0077] In order to improve the structural stability of the first radial extension portion 39, a plurality of reinforcing plates 45 are evenly arranged circumferentially between the first radial extension portion 39 and the hemispherical pressure hull 1.1. The hemispherical pressure hull 1.1 is made of EH36 marine steel plate, so that the hemispherical pressure hull 1.1 can significantly improve its ability to withstand deep-sea pressure while maintaining its lightweight. The hemispherical observation window 1.2 is made of polymethyl methacrylate. The observation window is made of polymethyl methacrylate with high light transmittance, scratch resistance and high pressure resistance to improve the pressure resistance and impact resistance of the observation window, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the observation window in a deep-sea environment.

[0078] Embodiment 9:

[0079] This embodiment is optimized based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

[0080] The battery shell 34 is provided with a battery cell, which is a lead-acid battery with the characteristics of strong stability, high utilization rate and simple layout. The battery cells are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the U-shaped opening 35. The layout of the battery shell 34, the battery cells and the ballast weight 8 can ensure the stability of the submersible while not affecting the release of the ballast weight 8. The battery shell 34 is made of EH36 marine steel plate to form a sealed shell to protect the internal battery cells and other components from physical damage, moisture intrusion and the influence of the external environment. EH36 marine steel plate is a high-strength, corrosion-resistant material, and is made into a battery compartment shell through precision processing to ensure its stability and durability in the deep sea environment. The battery shell 34 is filled with thermal oil. Since the battery shell 34 is filled with thermal oil, the heat is transferred to the shell and cooled by seawater outside the shell, which effectively reduces the battery temperature and improves the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0081] Embodiment 10:

[0082] This embodiment is optimized based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

[0083] In order to enable the ballast weight 8 to be stably overlapped in the corresponding position, a first T-shaped connecting plate 46 is provided at one end of the ballast weight 8, and the first support plate and the second support plate of the first T-shaped connecting plate 46 are fixedly connected to the two side edges of the ballast weight 8, and the third support plate of the first T-shaped connecting plate 46 is overlapped on the battery shell 34; a second T-shaped connecting plate 47 is provided at the other end of the ballast weight 8, and the first support plate and the second support plate of the second T-shaped connecting plate 47 are fixedly connected to the two side edges of the ballast weight 8, and the third support plate of the second T-shaped connecting plate 47 is overlapped on the overlapping portion 33.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A submersible, characterized in that: It includes a manned cabin, a water tank structure and a battery cabin, wherein the water tank structure includes a left water tank, a right water tank and a rear water tank, wherein the left water tank is arranged on the left side of the manned cabin, the right water tank is arranged on the right side of the manned cabin, the rear water tank is arranged behind the manned cabin, and the battery cabin is arranged at the lower end of the manned cabin, and the battery cabin is located between the left water tank and the right water tank; The manned cabin comprises a hemispherical pressure hull and a hemispherical observation window, a door assembly is provided on the hemispherical pressure hull, a manual jettisoning device is provided at the lower part of the hemispherical pressure hull, the manual jettisoning device comprises a release device and a ballast weight, the release device comprises an unloading shaft, and the lower end of the unloading shaft comprises a radially extending overlap portion; The battery compartment includes a battery shell, and a U-shaped opening is provided in the middle of the battery shell from top to bottom, and the open end of the U-shaped opening faces the rear of the manned cabin. The ballast weight is located in the U-shaped opening, and one end of the ballast weight overlaps the closed end of the U-shaped opening, and the other end of the ballast weight overlaps the overlapping portion, and the unloading shaft is rotated to separate the overlapping portion and the ballast weight.

2. A submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that: The door assembly comprises a door body, a spindle seat, a spindle, a guide sleeve, an adjusting disk and a tongue, the spindle seat is arranged in the middle of the door body, the spindle is rotatably matched with the spindle seat, and an outer turntable is provided at one end of the spindle extending out of the spindle seat; the guide sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the door body, the spindle extends out from the spindle seat and passes through the guide sleeve, and an inner turntable is provided at one end of the spindle extending out of the guide sleeve. A plurality of vertical guide holes are evenly arranged on the guide sleeve in a circumferential direction, the adjusting disk is located in the guide sleeve, the adjusting disk is threadedly connected to the spindle, a plurality of first connecting seats are radially extended on the adjusting disk, the plurality of first connecting seats correspond to the plurality of vertical guide holes one by one and the two are slidably matched, a plurality of second connecting seats are equidistantly arranged at positions near the edge of the door body on the door body, a tongue is rotatably connected to the second connecting seat, and a push rod for driving the tongue to rotate is provided between the first connecting seat and the tongue.

3. A submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that: The releasing device comprises an outer flange tube and an inner flange tube, the outer flange tube and the inner flange tube are coaxially arranged, the lower end of the flange end of the inner flange tube is fixedly connected with a lower flange cover, the upper end of the inner flange tube is provided with a top cover plate, the unloading shaft is rotatably connected with the inner flange tube, a first bearing is provided between the unloading shaft and the upper end of the inner flange tube, a second bearing is provided between the unloading shaft, the lower end of the inner flange tube and the lower flange cover, a rotating disk is provided at one end of the unloading shaft extending out of the top cover plate, and a radially extending overlap portion is provided at one end of the unloading shaft extending out of the lower flange cover.

4. A submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank are provided with water stop valve assemblies. The left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank are all made of stainless steel 304 material. Both ends of the left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank are welded with arc-shaped end covers by adopting the annular seam sealing welding process.

5. A submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left water tank is respectively provided with a left front propeller and a left middle propeller, the right water tank is respectively provided with a right front propeller and a right middle propeller, the left end and the right end of the rear water tank are respectively provided with a left rear propeller and a right rear propeller, and the middle parts of the left water tank and the right water tank are respectively provided with propeller installation rooms, and the left middle propeller and the right middle propeller are respectively installed in the corresponding propeller installation rooms.

6. A submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that: Water level sensors are arranged in the left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank. The tops of the left water tank, the right water tank and the rear water tank are connected with air pipes, and the air pipes are provided with normally closed electromagnetic valves.

7. A submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that: The open end of the hemispherical pressure shell has a first radial extension portion, and the open end of the hemispherical observation window has a second radial extension portion. A sealing ring is provided between the first radial extension portion and the second radial extension portion. A plurality of fastening bolts are circumferentially provided between the first radial extension portion and the second radial extension portion. The fastening bolts are located on the outside of the sealing ring, and a gasket is provided at one end of the fastening bolt and a nut is provided at the other end.

8. A submersible according to claim 7, characterized in that: A plurality of reinforcing plates are evenly arranged circumferentially between the first radially extending portion and the hemispherical pressure shell. The hemispherical pressure shell is made of EH36 marine steel plate, and the hemispherical observation window is made of polymethyl methacrylate.

9. A submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery shell is provided with a battery core, the battery core adopts a lead-acid battery, the battery core is symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the U-shaped opening, the battery shell is made of EH36 marine steel plate to form a sealed shell, and the battery shell is filled with heat transfer oil.

10. A submersible according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first T-shaped connecting plate is provided at one end of the ballast weight, and the first support plate and the second support plate of the first T-shaped connecting plate are fixedly connected to the two side edges of the ballast weight, and the third support plate of the first T-shaped connecting plate is overlapped on the battery shell; a second T-shaped connecting plate is provided at the other end of the ballast weight, and the first support plate and the second support plate of the second T-shaped connecting plate are fixedly connected to the two side edges of the ballast weight, and the third support plate of the second T-shaped connecting plate is overlapped on the overlapping portion.

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